说明文&议论文阅读10篇（浙江第一次月考复习专用）2025-2026学年八年级上册 英语 仿真模拟梯度特训 重难点突破 满分冲刺(人教版2024)

考前特训 说明文&议论文 仿真模拟 考前特训（人教版2024） 2025-2026学年八年级上册 月考满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 夯实基础5篇 能力提升5篇 Passage 1 Where would you like to stay when you go on vacation? What kind of hotels would you like to decide on? Different people may have different answers. In fact, there are all kinds of special places to stay in when you go on vacation. There are hotels, motels (汽车旅馆), youth hotels, B&Bs (bed-and-breakfast), homestays and so on. Different kinds of hotels are for different kinds of people. If you go to other places by car, a motel is good for you. You can park your car outside your room. A youth hotel is good for young people. They usually go on vacation with a large bag on the back. A B&B might be good for the people who don’t like noisy places. For the people who love reading, the library hotel in New York is a wonderful place. Each of the hotel’s 60 rooms is full of books. In fact, the hotel has more than 6,000 books in all. If you like history, the ninth floor is for you. If you are interested in maths and science, you can stay on the fifth floor. Artists will feel at home on the seventh floor. The book club is on the fourteenth floor and there is a cozy sofa in it. You can sit on the sofa and enjoy reading a good book. 1. When you go to another city by car, it’s good for you to stay in ________. A．a motel B．a B&B C．a youth hotel D．a homestay 2. You can go to the ________ floor of the library hotel if you are interested in art. A．5th B．6th C．7th D．9th 3. What does the underlined word “cozy” mean in Chinese? A．狭小的 B．舒适的 C．破旧的 D．坚硬的 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A．Interesting libraries. B．Visitors from the world. C．Different kinds of hotels. D．The best places for vacation. Passage 2 Is the summer vacation long enough to turn life around for the better? Every person has his own talents and interests. Find something you care about, and you will see the difference. Organize (组织) a clean-up programme. People often throw litter (垃圾) where there is already some litter. This leaves the community a mess. The environment will become better if someone volunteers to help. Show your love to the old. Our city has some old people’s homes. Without children around them, the old people there might feel lonely at times. Maybe they need your help. In fact, you can do a lot for them. For example, you can talk with them or play games with them. Listening to them carefully is also a good idea. Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like to have someone read to them. No matter what small things you do, you can make them feel loved. Set up a reading group with your friends. Share your favourite books with them. Besides, you may read aloud to each other and talk about what you read. Either a book or an article can spark a lively discussion and your further thinking. The process often challenges more people to take action. The project is also a good way to welcome newcomers. At the same time, you may find new friends with similar hobbies. A two-month summer vacation isn’t that long, but it's enough to make a difference. 1. Why do you need to read to some old people at the old people's homes? A．Because you can think further. B．Because they can't see clearly. C．Because you are good at reading. D．Because they are away from their homes. 2. What does the underlined word “spark” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Finish. B．Increase. C．Start. D．Separate. 3. Which is the right structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 4. What is the best title for the text? A．People with Different Interests B．How to Make a Difference in Summer Vacation C．Reasons for a Different Summer Vacation D．Volunteer Jobs During a Summer Vacation Passage 3 Doing housework is a key part of family life. It helps improve the relationship among family members. However, lots of Chinese parents are *unaware of the importance of doing housework, and they think it is a waste of time. In order to know how often middle school students do housework at home, we did a survey among 1,200 students from Grade 7 to Grade 9 in a middle school. The following bar chart shows the result of our survey. From the bar chart, we find that only a small number of students usually do housework. Nearly half of the students in Grade 9 never do housework. The result makes us worried. After all, doing housework is good for students. It can teach students many important skills, like planning, timing, solving problems and so on. Doing housework can also teach students what responsibility is. Everyone should do something for the family. What’s more, doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life. Therefore, we suggest that parents should encourage their children to do housework. They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for *an independent life in the future. * unaware of: not knowing. * an independent life: a person can live by himself and he has a life on his own. 1. What can we learn from the bar chart? A．Students in all grades actively take part in housework. B．Over half of the students in Grade 8 never do housework. C．Students in Grade 7 do housework more often than students in Grade 9. D．The result of Grade 9 students is the least worrying among all grades. 2. Which is NOT the good point of doing housework? A．Relaxing a busy mind. B．Saving more time for study. C．Practicing planning and timing skills. D．Learning to be independent from parents. 3. What does the underlined word “responsibility” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．技能 B．能力 C．责任 D．方法 4. What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the result of a recent survey. B．To teach students how to do housework. C．To remind people of the importance of doing housework. D．To point out a worrying problem for teachers in school. Passage 4 Most of us spend all day at school or work. After a long and busy day, all we want to do is return to a comfortable home. Smart technology (科技) can turn any home into a nicer place to live in. Smart homes have been around for some time. The Scottish company Pico Electronics invented a type of technology called X10. With X10, household devices (家用设备) like lights and alarms (警报器) can communicate with each other by using radio waves. Of course, 5G networks have made smart homes much more wonderful than X10. Perhaps the most widely used smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant (语音激活助手) . Google Home and Amazon’s Alexa allow users to interact (互动) with nearly any device in their home simply by speaking a few words. This is especially good for children and disabled people, as they can do things that would usually be too difficult, according to How-To Geek. Common household devices can become “smart” as well. For example, according to HowStuffWorks, a smart dustbin can record the things you’ve thrown away and place an online order for new things. Smart fridges can create dinner recipes (食谱) using the food inside. But it’s not just about convenience. Smart homes are also good for the environment. By turning off devices that you’re not using, smart homes can lower the electricity you use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment. 1．How does X10 technology make household devices communicate with each other? A．By using voices. B．By using radio waves. C．By using lights. D．By using a 5G network. 2．Why are smart homes better for the environment? A．They use solar energy. B．They have smart trash bins. C．They can help us save energy. D．They are built with special materials. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Google Home helps old people a lot. B．Smart fridges can cook meals by themselves. C．Smart homes make our life easier and the environment better. D．Common household devices can become smart with X10. 4．In which part of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A．Environment. B．Local News. C．Education. D．Science. Passage 5 People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling. Give yourself a week to relax first. You don’t need to think about what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music. After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn’t have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don’t need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you like. It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, “No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one.” Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You’ll find going back to the normal life is not that terrible as you think. 1. What does the writer advise us to do after travelling? a. We can do something useful and keep ourselves busy after a week. b. We should give ourselves a week to relax first. c. We can make a photo book and keep a diary. d. We shouldn’t stay up late but live a happy life. e. We can remember the good times during the trip through photos. A．abd B．abe C．acd D．bce 2. The writer uses Elbert Hubbard’s words in Paragraph 4 to show ________. A．people feel very tired and are not willing to travel again B．people who have just had a vacation can plan a new trip C．people are excited to share their vacation with their friends D．people hope to travel again because they have had only one trip 3. Which is the right structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．How to spend your holiday happily. B．How to get out of post-holiday blues. C．Why people have post-holiday blues. D．What we should do before travelling. Passage 6 ①Housework is a part of family life. To let children have more time to play, some parents don’t ask their kids to do housework. Others teach kids to do housework to make kids become independent (独立的). Then here comes a question: Should children help with housework? My answer is “yes” and the following are my reasons (原因). ②Housework teaches kids life skills (技能). Teachers do not teach many of the life skills. That makes learning to do housework become even more important. ③Housework makes kids learn responsibility (责任) and independence. Living with their parents, they should know that every family member should do their part in keeping the house clean. After they do things by themselves, they won’t always ask their parents for help. ④Housework helps children understand their parents better. When parents do housework, most children think it is easy. Unless (除非) children try some housework themselves, they won’t know how hard their parents are. So giving children housework may help them understand this quickly. ⑤Housework helps improve (提高) children’s planning skills. When children have homework, housework and outdoor activities in a day, they need to decide what to do first. Then they will improve their planning skills. This will become more and more important when children get older . ⑥It’s true that studies are important for children, but it doesn’t mean that they need to spend all the time on their studies. At different ages, children can do some housework. Doing right housework can teach your child valuable (有价值的) lessons and the lessons will last into his later years. 1. What does the underlined word “they” in the sixth paragraph refer to (指的是)? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Life skills. D．Lessons. 2. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to help children do housework. B．The advantages (好处) of doing housework. C．What housework can children do? D．Children shouldn’t do housework at all. 3. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage. A．Housework teaches kids life skills. B．Children need to spend all their time on their studies. C．Housework makes kids learn responsibility and independence. D．Housework helps improve children’s planning skills. 4. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best? A．①②；③④；⑤⑥ B．①②③；④⑤；⑥ C．①②；③④⑤；⑥ D．①；②③④⑤；⑥ Passage 7 For only twenty yuan, Fang Weijing can buy her lunch in a community canteen (食堂) in Hangzhou. She has a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all are very healthy. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste,” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more popular in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook on their own, so the canteens provide help. They can have lunch and dinner within a 10-minute walk, or community workers can bring the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker in a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cook made special meals for the old. The food is soft and has less oil. Now, more young people prefer eating in community canteens. For those who don’t want to order takeout meals or eat at restaurants, the canteens provide them with healthier and cheaper dishes. This also encourages community canteens to think of new ways to provide food and make things easier for people. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助式的) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100g. The price is lower than that of restaurants close by. The rise of community canteens couldn’t have happened without the support of local governments. They provide subsidies (补贴) for building the canteens as well as the dining expenses (消费) of the people. There are now a large number of community canteens in China. 1. Which of the following is TRUE about Fang Weijing’s lunch in the community canteen? A．It costs less than twenty yuan. B．It has a home-cooked taste. C．It includes fish, vegetables and rice. D．It can’t be taken back home to eat. 2. What may the old people think of the dishes in the community canteens? A．Special but salty. B．Different but expensive. C．Cheap and sweet. D．Delicious and healthy. 3. Who are the customers of the community canteens according to the article? A．Elderly people only. B．Young people only. C．Both elderly and young people. D．Children only. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Community is able to offer food to everyone. B．The government can do more for the old people. C．More new styles will be brought to community. D．Community canteens are becoming popular. Passage 8 Imagine (想象) a picture like this: You wake up in the morning. A soft light turns on in your room. You go into the bathroom and the shower starts. The water is warm. After your shower, you go into the kitchen. Your favorite breakfast is already on the table. Welcome to your future house. Our houses in the future will be “smart”. Machines at home will be able to talk with each other— and with you. For example, your fridge will know what you have in it and tell you what dishes you can make with the food. When you need more food, your fridge will tell you to buy it. This will be possible because of a special tool called RFID chips (芯片). They can store (储存) the information about all the food in your fridge. Our future houses will also be able to “think”. If you are tired of the color of your walls, you won’t have to paint them again. The walls will be able to change colors because of a special kind of technology (科技)—OLED．In fact, OLED walls will be screens (屏幕). A computer will join the walls and the other things, and this computer will rule your house. Your house will learn about your likes and dislikes. It will then use that information to start the environment (环境). It will also darken the windows at night and lighten them when it’s time to wake up. What do you think of our future houses? 1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A．What future houses will be like. B．Why you should wake up. C．What you will do in the morning. D．Where you have your breakfast. 2. What can RFID chips do? A．Make dishes. B．Buy food. C．Store information. D．Clean fridges. 3. What special technology will make walls change colours? A．LED． B．RFID． C．OLED． D．Remote controls. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．A Special Tool B．Our Future Houses C．Helpful Computers D．A Smart Technology Passage 9 Do you live in cities or countries? Do you want to live in cities or countries? It’s not a question until the COVID-19 hit the world. It has made people think about their living places. Many have said they would like to live in a bigger home, with a garden and in a smaller neighborhood. However, city lovers say they would never leave. Since then, a big argument has started. Some say the cities are full of lives and the best places to live in. They think the city is a magical place. You can go for walks after dark with the street lights on and enjoy beautiful buildings. It’s exciting to think of all the work and people, past, present (现在) and future. People may think about the long difficult time it takes to build a city and make it great. Cities are full of chances to experience different things and meet people who are not like you. People (especially the young) from all over the world are interested in cities and many different cultures live there. They share parks, offices, schools and hospitals. A recent study shows that city mice are cleverer than country mice. Even nature is more interesting in the city. However, some people like to live in the countryside better than in the cities. Wouldn’t you like to have more space, cleaner air and to know your neighbors? The answer is “Yes” for sure. With more space, cleaner air, and closer neighbors, country life can improve the health of people who live there. Country lovers say people are human beings not human doings. Country living means people can do less and enjoy more. In the country, people experience the changing seasons. The city doesn’t stop when the night falls or winter sets in. During COVID-19, the city was dull and lifeless without any fun. That’s why people in cities wanted to leave. So what do you think? Will you live in the city or countryside in the future? 1. Some people like to live in cities because ________. A．it’s a place where mice are even cleverer B．it’s a place where they can have clean air C．they can enjoy great buildings and different cultures D．they can live in a big house with a small neighborhood 2. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage? A．Countries are the best places to live. B．Country mice are smarter than city mice. C．People experience the changing seasons in cities. D．People in cities wanted to leave during COVID-19. 3. The underlined “dull” in the last paragraph may mean ________. A．interesting B．boring C．exciting D．dangerous 4. What’s the best title? A．Do You Want to Live in Countries? B．Country Life is Better Than City Life. C．Is Country Life Better Than City Life? D．City Life is Better Than Country Life. Passage 10 When you’re not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries. A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices(装置),such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet. More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants. Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional. However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system(系统)allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers(黑客),who may secretly use or change the information in the system. Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work. 1. According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through ______________. A．electric lights B．mirror technologies C．mobile phones D．shopping programs 2. The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about _________. A．the steps to use smart systems B．the prices of smart programs C．the advantages of a smart home D．the tools for setting up smart devices 3. Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage? A．Smart homes can’t help feed pets nowadays. B．Smart homes costs a lot of money at present. C．You can’t control your smart home in other countries. D．It’s hard for hackers to get information from smart homes. 4. What’s the writer’s opinion according to the passage? A．People will become less happy in the future. B．People’s life style will be different in the future. C．Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes. D．Smart homes are much better than other smart systems. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 说明文&议论文 仿真模拟 考前特训（人教版2024） 2025-2026学年八年级上册 月考满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 夯实基础5篇 能力提升5篇 Passage 1 Where would you like to stay when you go on vacation? What kind of hotels would you like to decide on? Different people may have different answers. In fact, there are all kinds of special places to stay in when you go on vacation. There are hotels, motels (汽车旅馆), youth hotels, B&Bs (bed-and-breakfast), homestays and so on. Different kinds of hotels are for different kinds of people. If you go to other places by car, a motel is good for you. You can park your car outside your room. A youth hotel is good for young people. They usually go on vacation with a large bag on the back. A B&B might be good for the people who don’t like noisy places. For the people who love reading, the library hotel in New York is a wonderful place. Each of the hotel’s 60 rooms is full of books. In fact, the hotel has more than 6,000 books in all. If you like history, the ninth floor is for you. If you are interested in maths and science, you can stay on the fifth floor. Artists will feel at home on the seventh floor. The book club is on the fourteenth floor and there is a cozy sofa in it. You can sit on the sofa and enjoy reading a good book. 1. When you go to another city by car, it’s good for you to stay in ________. A．a motel B．a B&B C．a youth hotel D．a homestay 2. You can go to the ________ floor of the library hotel if you are interested in art. A．5th B．6th C．7th D．9th 3. What does the underlined word “cozy” mean in Chinese? A．狭小的 B．舒适的 C．破旧的 D．坚硬的 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A．Interesting libraries. B．Visitors from the world. C．Different kinds of hotels. D．The best places for vacation. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了度假时可选择的不同类型的住宿场所及其特点，包括汽车旅馆、青年旅舍、民宿等，并以纽约图书馆旅店为例说明特色主题酒店。 1. 细节理解题。根据“If you go to other places by car, a motel is good for you. You can park your car outside your room.”可知，自驾游客适合住汽车旅馆。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Artists will feel at home on the seventh floor.”可知，艺术爱好者应选择7楼。故选C。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“You can sit on the sofa and enjoy reading a good book.”并结合备选项可猜测其意为“舒适的”。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据“Different kinds of hotels are for different kinds of people”及后文依次介绍汽车旅馆、青年旅舍、民宿及图书馆旅店等可知，文章主要介绍了多样化的住宿选择。故选C。 Passage 2 Is the summer vacation long enough to turn life around for the better? Every person has his own talents and interests. Find something you care about, and you will see the difference. Organize (组织) a clean-up programme. People often throw litter (垃圾) where there is already some litter. This leaves the community a mess. The environment will become better if someone volunteers to help. Show your love to the old. Our city has some old people’s homes. Without children around them, the old people there might feel lonely at times. Maybe they need your help. In fact, you can do a lot for them. For example, you can talk with them or play games with them. Listening to them carefully is also a good idea. Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like to have someone read to them. No matter what small things you do, you can make them feel loved. Set up a reading group with your friends. Share your favourite books with them. Besides, you may read aloud to each other and talk about what you read. Either a book or an article can spark a lively discussion and your further thinking. The process often challenges more people to take action. The project is also a good way to welcome newcomers. At the same time, you may find new friends with similar hobbies. A two-month summer vacation isn’t that long, but it's enough to make a difference. 1. Why do you need to read to some old people at the old people's homes? A．Because you can think further. B．Because they can't see clearly. C．Because you are good at reading. D．Because they are away from their homes. 2. What does the underlined word “spark” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Finish. B．Increase. C．Start. D．Separate. 3. Which is the right structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 4. What is the best title for the text? A．People with Different Interests B．How to Make a Difference in Summer Vacation C．Reasons for a Different Summer Vacation D．Volunteer Jobs During a Summer Vacation 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文探讨了暑假虽短但足以通过一些行动让生活变得更好。文章提出了几种具体做法，包括组织清理活动、关爱老人、建立阅读小组等，鼓励读者利用暑假做有意义的事情。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like to have someone read to them.”可知，有些老人视力不好，希望有人为他们读书。故选B。 2. 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Either a book or an article can spark a lively discussion and your further thinking.”可知，一本书或一篇文章能够引发热烈的讨论和进一步的思考，由此推断“spark”意为“引发，开始”。故选C。 3. 篇章结构题。文章第一段提出问题“暑假是否足够长以让生活变得更好”，引出下文；第二、三、四段分别提出具体做法；第五段总结全文，强调暑假虽短但足以做出改变。因此文章结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选D。 4. 最佳标题题。文章围绕如何利用暑假做出有意义的改变展开，提出了多种建议。因此最佳标题为“How to Make a Difference in Summer Vacation”（如何在暑假中做出改变）。故选B。 Passage 3 Doing housework is a key part of family life. It helps improve the relationship among family members. However, lots of Chinese parents are *unaware of the importance of doing housework, and they think it is a waste of time. In order to know how often middle school students do housework at home, we did a survey among 1,200 students from Grade 7 to Grade 9 in a middle school. The following bar chart shows the result of our survey. From the bar chart, we find that only a small number of students usually do housework. Nearly half of the students in Grade 9 never do housework. The result makes us worried. After all, doing housework is good for students. It can teach students many important skills, like planning, timing, solving problems and so on. Doing housework can also teach students what responsibility is. Everyone should do something for the family. What’s more, doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life. Therefore, we suggest that parents should encourage their children to do housework. They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for *an independent life in the future. * unaware of: not knowing. * an independent life: a person can live by himself and he has a life on his own. 1. What can we learn from the bar chart? A．Students in all grades actively take part in housework. B．Over half of the students in Grade 8 never do housework. C．Students in Grade 7 do housework more often than students in Grade 9. D．The result of Grade 9 students is the least worrying among all grades. 2. Which is NOT the good point of doing housework? A．Relaxing a busy mind. B．Saving more time for study. C．Practicing planning and timing skills. D．Learning to be independent from parents. 3. What does the underlined word “responsibility” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．技能 B．能力 C．责任 D．方法 4. What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the result of a recent survey. B．To teach students how to do housework. C．To remind people of the importance of doing housework. D．To point out a worrying problem for teachers in school. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文通过一项针对1200名七至九年级中学生的调查，指出多数学生很少做家务，尤其九年级的学生超过半数从不做家务，并强调做家务能培养责任心、时间规划等能力，呼吁家长鼓励孩子参与家务，为未来独立生活做好准备。 1. 推理判断题。根据条形图可知，七年级通常做家务和有时会做家务的人数都比九年级的学生多，而且七年级从不做家务的学生比九年级的学生少，所以七年级的学生比九年级的学生更经常做家务。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“It can teach students many important skills, like planning, timing, solving problems and so on...doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life.”以及“they can be better prepared for *an independent life in the future.”可知做家务可以让学生放松，让学生学会计划和安排时间等技巧，还能让学生学会独立，没有提到可以为学习节省更多时间。故选B。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“Doing housework can also teach students what responsibility is. Everyone should do something for the family”可知每个人都应该为家庭做点什么，所以做家务还可以教会学生什么是责任，所以“responsibility”是“责任”的意思。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。本文通过一项针对1200名七至九年级中学生的调查，指出多数学生很少做家务，尤其九年级的学生近半数从不做家务，并强调做家务能培养责任心、时间规划等能力，呼吁家长鼓励孩子参与家务，为未来独立生活做好准备，所以文章的目的是提醒父母做家务的重要性。故选C。 Passage 4 Most of us spend all day at school or work. After a long and busy day, all we want to do is return to a comfortable home. Smart technology (科技) can turn any home into a nicer place to live in. Smart homes have been around for some time. The Scottish company Pico Electronics invented a type of technology called X10. With X10, household devices (家用设备) like lights and alarms (警报器) can communicate with each other by using radio waves. Of course, 5G networks have made smart homes much more wonderful than X10. Perhaps the most widely used smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant (语音激活助手) . Google Home and Amazon’s Alexa allow users to interact (互动) with nearly any device in their home simply by speaking a few words. This is especially good for children and disabled people, as they can do things that would usually be too difficult, according to How-To Geek. Common household devices can become “smart” as well. For example, according to HowStuffWorks, a smart dustbin can record the things you’ve thrown away and place an online order for new things. Smart fridges can create dinner recipes (食谱) using the food inside. But it’s not just about convenience. Smart homes are also good for the environment. By turning off devices that you’re not using, smart homes can lower the electricity you use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment. 1．How does X10 technology make household devices communicate with each other? A．By using voices. B．By using radio waves. C．By using lights. D．By using a 5G network. 2．Why are smart homes better for the environment? A．They use solar energy. B．They have smart trash bins. C．They can help us save energy. D．They are built with special materials. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Google Home helps old people a lot. B．Smart fridges can cook meals by themselves. C．Smart homes make our life easier and the environment better. D．Common household devices can become smart with X10. 4．In which part of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A．Environment. B．Local News. C．Education. D．Science. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5G网络下的智能家居，并介绍了智能家居给我们生活带来的便利，给我们的环境带来的节能好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“With X10, household devices (家用设备) like lights and alarms (警报器) can communicate with each other by using radio waves.”可知，借助 X10, 诸如照明和警报器之类的家用设备可以通过无线电波相互交流。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Smart homes are also good for the environment. By turning off devices that you’re not using, smart homes can lower the electricity you use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment.”可知，通过关闭你不用的设备, 智能家居可以降低你的用电量。使用更少的能源意味着我们使用更少的自然资源, 这对环境有益。所以智能家居通过帮助我们节约能源来更好地保护环境。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“But it’s not just about convenience. Smart homes are also good for the environment.”可知，智能家居不仅仅是方便了。它对环境也有好处。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章首先谈到X10技术通过无线电波让家用装置彼此交流, 再说到5G技术对智能家居发展起了重要作用，文中具体谈到了voice-activated assistant、 a smart dustbin、smart fridges及智能节能等。由此可知, 本文谈论的是智能技术的话题，与科技相关，所以最可能出现在报纸的科学部分。故选D Passage 5 People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling. Give yourself a week to relax first. You don’t need to think about what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music. After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn’t have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don’t need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you like. It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, “No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one.” Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You’ll find going back to the normal life is not that terrible as you think. 1. What does the writer advise us to do after travelling? a. We can do something useful and keep ourselves busy after a week. b. We should give ourselves a week to relax first. c. We can make a photo book and keep a diary. d. We shouldn’t stay up late but live a happy life. e. We can remember the good times during the trip through photos. A．abd B．abe C．acd D．bce 2. The writer uses Elbert Hubbard’s words in Paragraph 4 to show ________. A．people feel very tired and are not willing to travel again B．people who have just had a vacation can plan a new trip C．people are excited to share their vacation with their friends D．people hope to travel again because they have had only one trip 3. Which is the right structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．How to spend your holiday happily. B．How to get out of post-holiday blues. C．Why people have post-holiday blues. D．What we should do before travelling. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要讲述人们旅行回家后会产生节后抑郁情绪，并介绍了摆脱这种不良情绪的几种方法。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Give yourself a week to relax first.”，对应选项b；第3段“After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy.”，对应选项a；第4段“It’s also a good idea to make a photo book...Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had.”，对应选项e。所以根据文章内容可知选 abe。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第4段“It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip...And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, ‘No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one.’”，引用这句话是为了表明刚度假回来的人可以计划新旅行。故选B。 3. 篇章结构题。文章第 1 段引出旅行后会有节后抑郁情绪及要介绍摆脱方法（P1）；第2-4段分别介绍摆脱这种情绪的具体方法（P2-P4）；第5段总结下次感到情绪低落时试试这些方法（P5），结构为总分总。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第1段“If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling.”可知，文章主要讲如何摆脱节后抑郁情绪，故选B。 Passage 6 ①Housework is a part of family life. To let children have more time to play, some parents don’t ask their kids to do housework. Others teach kids to do housework to make kids become independent (独立的). Then here comes a question: Should children help with housework? My answer is “yes” and the following are my reasons (原因). ②Housework teaches kids life skills (技能). Teachers do not teach many of the life skills. That makes learning to do housework become even more important. ③Housework makes kids learn responsibility (责任) and independence. Living with their parents, they should know that every family member should do their part in keeping the house clean. After they do things by themselves, they won’t always ask their parents for help. ④Housework helps children understand their parents better. When parents do housework, most children think it is easy. Unless (除非) children try some housework themselves, they won’t know how hard their parents are. So giving children housework may help them understand this quickly. ⑤Housework helps improve (提高) children’s planning skills. When children have homework, housework and outdoor activities in a day, they need to decide what to do first. Then they will improve their planning skills. This will become more and more important when children get older . ⑥It’s true that studies are important for children, but it doesn’t mean that they need to spend all the time on their studies. At different ages, children can do some housework. Doing right housework can teach your child valuable (有价值的) lessons and the lessons will last into his later years. 1. What does the underlined word “they” in the sixth paragraph refer to (指的是)? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Life skills. D．Lessons. 2. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to help children do housework. B．The advantages (好处) of doing housework. C．What housework can children do? D．Children shouldn’t do housework at all. 3. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage. A．Housework teaches kids life skills. B．Children need to spend all their time on their studies. C．Housework makes kids learn responsibility and independence. D．Housework helps improve children’s planning skills. 4. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best? A．①②；③④；⑤⑥ B．①②③；④⑤；⑥ C．①②；③④⑤；⑥ D．①；②③④⑤；⑥ 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文就“孩子是否应该做家务”阐述了自己的一些观点，指出孩子们做家务的好处。 1. 代词指代题。根据“It’s true that studies are important for children, but it doesn’t mean that they need to spend all the time on their studies.”可知，学习对孩子很重要，这是事实，但这并不意味着他们需要把所有的时间都花在学习上。单词“they”指代的是“孩子们”，故选A。 2. 主旨大意题。根据“Should children help with housework? My answer is “yes” and the following are my reasons (原因).”及全文可知，本文作者提出了孩子应该帮忙做家务，并从几个方面介绍了做家务的好处，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“It’s true that studies are important for children, but it doesn’t mean that they need to spend all the time on their studies.”可知，学习对孩子来说很重要，但这并不意味着他们需要把所有的时间都花在学习上，B项表述错误，故选B。 4. 篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段引出孩子们是否应该帮助做家务的话题；第二、三、四、五段解释了孩子们做家务的好处；第六段为总结段，再次总结孩子们应该做家务，所以正确的结构应该是①；②③④⑤；⑥，故选D。 Passage 7 For only twenty yuan, Fang Weijing can buy her lunch in a community canteen (食堂) in Hangzhou. She has a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all are very healthy. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste,” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more popular in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook on their own, so the canteens provide help. They can have lunch and dinner within a 10-minute walk, or community workers can bring the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker in a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cook made special meals for the old. The food is soft and has less oil. Now, more young people prefer eating in community canteens. For those who don’t want to order takeout meals or eat at restaurants, the canteens provide them with healthier and cheaper dishes. This also encourages community canteens to think of new ways to provide food and make things easier for people. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助式的) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100g. The price is lower than that of restaurants close by. The rise of community canteens couldn’t have happened without the support of local governments. They provide subsidies (补贴) for building the canteens as well as the dining expenses (消费) of the people. There are now a large number of community canteens in China. 1. Which of the following is TRUE about Fang Weijing’s lunch in the community canteen? A．It costs less than twenty yuan. B．It has a home-cooked taste. C．It includes fish, vegetables and rice. D．It can’t be taken back home to eat. 2. What may the old people think of the dishes in the community canteens? A．Special but salty. B．Different but expensive. C．Cheap and sweet. D．Delicious and healthy. 3. Who are the customers of the community canteens according to the article? A．Elderly people only. B．Young people only. C．Both elderly and young people. D．Children only. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Community is able to offer food to everyone. B．The government can do more for the old people. C．More new styles will be brought to community. D．Community canteens are becoming popular. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了社区食堂在中国越来越受欢迎的现象，包括其服务对象、价格优势以及政府的支持等内容。 1. 细节理解题。根据“For only twenty yuan, Fang Weijing can buy her lunch in a community canteen (食堂) in Hangzhou. She has a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all are very healthy. ‘The dishes have a home-cooked taste,’ said Fang.”可知，方维静的午餐有家常菜的味道。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据“Zhang Suxia, a worker in a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cook made special meals for the old. The food is soft and has less oil.”可知，老年人认为社区食堂的饭菜既美味又健康。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Community canteens have become more and more popular in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. Now, more young people prefer eating in community canteens.”可知，社区食堂的顾客包括老年人和年轻人。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了社区食堂在中国越来越受欢迎的现象。故选D。 Passage 8 Imagine (想象) a picture like this: You wake up in the morning. A soft light turns on in your room. You go into the bathroom and the shower starts. The water is warm. After your shower, you go into the kitchen. Your favorite breakfast is already on the table. Welcome to your future house. Our houses in the future will be “smart”. Machines at home will be able to talk with each other— and with you. For example, your fridge will know what you have in it and tell you what dishes you can make with the food. When you need more food, your fridge will tell you to buy it. This will be possible because of a special tool called RFID chips (芯片). They can store (储存) the information about all the food in your fridge. Our future houses will also be able to “think”. If you are tired of the color of your walls, you won’t have to paint them again. The walls will be able to change colors because of a special kind of technology (科技)—OLED．In fact, OLED walls will be screens (屏幕). A computer will join the walls and the other things, and this computer will rule your house. Your house will learn about your likes and dislikes. It will then use that information to start the environment (环境). It will also darken the windows at night and lighten them when it’s time to wake up. What do you think of our future houses? 1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A．What future houses will be like. B．Why you should wake up. C．What you will do in the morning. D．Where you have your breakfast. 2. What can RFID chips do? A．Make dishes. B．Buy food. C．Store information. D．Clean fridges. 3. What special technology will make walls change colours? A．LED． B．RFID． C．OLED． D．Remote controls. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．A Special Tool B．Our Future Houses C．Helpful Computers D．A Smart Technology 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文介绍了未来的智能房屋如何通过先进技术和设备来提升我们的生活质量和便利性。 1. 段落大意题。根据“Imagine (想象) a picture like this: You wake up in the morning. ... Your favorite breakfast is already on the table. Welcome to your future house.”可知，第一段通过描述早上起床后房间、浴室、厨房等的情景，展现了未来房子的样子。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“This will be possible because of a special tool called RFID chips (芯片). They can store (储存) the information about all the food in your fridge.”可知，RFID芯片可以储存信息。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“The walls will be able to change colors because of a special kind of technology (科技)—OLED.”可知，OLED这种特殊技术能让墙改变颜色。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕未来的房子展开，介绍了未来房子的智能和能“思考”等特点；B选项“我们未来的房子”符合文章主旨。故选B。 Passage 9 Do you live in cities or countries? Do you want to live in cities or countries? It’s not a question until the COVID-19 hit the world. It has made people think about their living places. Many have said they would like to live in a bigger home, with a garden and in a smaller neighborhood. However, city lovers say they would never leave. Since then, a big argument has started. Some say the cities are full of lives and the best places to live in. They think the city is a magical place. You can go for walks after dark with the street lights on and enjoy beautiful buildings. It’s exciting to think of all the work and people, past, present (现在) and future. People may think about the long difficult time it takes to build a city and make it great. Cities are full of chances to experience different things and meet people who are not like you. People (especially the young) from all over the world are interested in cities and many different cultures live there. They share parks, offices, schools and hospitals. A recent study shows that city mice are cleverer than country mice. Even nature is more interesting in the city. However, some people like to live in the countryside better than in the cities. Wouldn’t you like to have more space, cleaner air and to know your neighbors? The answer is “Yes” for sure. With more space, cleaner air, and closer neighbors, country life can improve the health of people who live there. Country lovers say people are human beings not human doings. Country living means people can do less and enjoy more. In the country, people experience the changing seasons. The city doesn’t stop when the night falls or winter sets in. During COVID-19, the city was dull and lifeless without any fun. That’s why people in cities wanted to leave. So what do you think? Will you live in the city or countryside in the future? 1. Some people like to live in cities because ________. A．it’s a place where mice are even cleverer B．it’s a place where they can have clean air C．they can enjoy great buildings and different cultures D．they can live in a big house with a small neighborhood 2. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage? A．Countries are the best places to live. B．Country mice are smarter than city mice. C．People experience the changing seasons in cities. D．People in cities wanted to leave during COVID-19. 3. The underlined “dull” in the last paragraph may mean ________. A．interesting B．boring C．exciting D．dangerous 4. What’s the best title? A．Do You Want to Live in Countries? B．Country Life is Better Than City Life. C．Is Country Life Better Than City Life? D．City Life is Better Than Country Life. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文主要讨论了人们对于城市和乡村生活的选择。 1. 细节理解题。根据“They think the city is a magical place. You can go for walks after dark with the street lights on and enjoy beautiful buildings.”以及“People (especially the young) from all over the world are interested in cities and many different cultures live there.”可知有些人喜欢住在城市里，是因为他们可以享受美丽的建筑和不同的文化。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The city doesn’t stop when the night falls or winter sets in. During COVID-19, the city was dull and lifeless without any fun. That’s why people in cities wanted to leave.”可知城市里的人在新冠肺炎期间想离开城市。故选D。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“During COVID-19, the city was dull and lifeless without any fun. That’s why people in cities wanted to leave.”可知，新冠肺炎期间，住城里的人们想离开，由此推测那时城市生活应该是无聊，无趣的，所以推测dull的意思为“无聊的”。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。根据“Do you live in cities or countries? Do you want to live in cities or countries?”并结合全文可知本文主要讨论了人们对于城市和乡村生活的选择，A项表示“你想住在乡村吗”，符合文意。故选A。 Passage 10 When you’re not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries. A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices(装置),such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet. More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants. Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional. However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system(系统)allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers(黑客),who may secretly use or change the information in the system. Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work. 1. According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through ______________. A．electric lights B．mirror technologies C．mobile phones D．shopping programs 2. The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about _________. A．the steps to use smart systems B．the prices of smart programs C．the advantages of a smart home D．the tools for setting up smart devices 3. Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage? A．Smart homes can’t help feed pets nowadays. B．Smart homes costs a lot of money at present. C．You can’t control your smart home in other countries. D．It’s hard for hackers to get information from smart homes. 4. What’s the writer’s opinion according to the passage? A．People will become less happy in the future. B．People’s life style will be different in the future. C．Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes. D．Smart homes are much better than other smart systems. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了智能家居（smart home）的基本功能和新型理念，作者认为智能家居技术将会改变我们的生活和工作方式。 1. C细节理解题。根据第二段This network connects devices(装置),such as lights and TV sets,and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring,mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet可知智能家居连接上了像灯，电视等装置，并允许他们通过电线、电话通讯或网上wiFi远程控制。结合选项，故选C。 2. C归纳理解题。根据第三段描述可知主要是关于智能家居有那些对人们有用的用途，即优点，故选C。 3. B细节理解题。根据第四段However,for home-users,the smart home technology is far from perfect.It can be rather expensive to own the technology可知智能家居技术还相当的昂贵。故选B。 4. B推理判断题。根据短文最后一句话Whatever it is,one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work.可以看出作者认为智能家居技术未来将改变我们的工作和生活方式。即人们的生活方式在未来会与现在不同，故选B。 【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。 6 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $