内容正文:
高中英语必考核心词汇大全 Lesson C
cab
[kæb ]n. (C)出租汽车:Shall we walk or take a cab ? 我们步行还是乘出租车去?
词组短语
go by cab 乘出租汽车去;take a cab 乘出租车;call a cab 叫一辆出租车
cabbage
['kæbɪʤ ]n. (C)卷心菜,洋白菜:We've got a large store of cabbages for the winter. 我们存贮了大量的白菜过冬。
词组短语
fresh cabbage 新鲜白菜;stale cabbage 烂白菜;sour cabbage 酸白菜
联想扩展
potato n. 土豆;cucumber n. 黄瓜;pumpkin n. 南瓜;carrot n. 胡萝卜;tomato n. 西红柿
café
['kæfeɪ, kɑː'feɪ ]n. (C)咖啡馆,小餐厅[同]coffee shop: He had lunch in a café . 他在一家小餐馆吃的午饭。
cafeteria
[ˌkæfɪ'tɪərɪə ]n. (C)自助餐馆,自助食堂:We have lunch at cafeteria . 我们在自助食堂吃午饭。
calculate
['kælkjʊleɪt ]vt.&vi. ①计算,核算[同]count, compute: Have you calculated the cost of the journey? 你计算过旅途的费用吗?②估计,推测[同]estimate: It's difficult to calculate the result of the experiment. 很难估计实验的结果。
同义辨析
①calculate:较复杂的计算,解决疑难的题目、问题。②count:一个一个地数。③number:(一般用语) 数,计。
词组短语
calculate on 打算,指望
canal
[kə'næl ]n. (C)运河,沟渠[同]channel: The canals take water to the fields. 水渠把水送到田里。
词组短语
the Grand Canal(中国的)大运河;the Suez Canal 苏伊士运河;the Panama Canal 巴拿马运河
cancel
['kænsəl ](cancel(l)ed, cancel(l)ed, cancel(l)ing)vt. ①取消,废除,撤销[同]do away with: They cancelled the football game due to rain. 他们因雨取消了足球比赛。②删去,划掉[同]cross out: She cancelled two sentences from the passage. 她从这一段中删除了两句。③抵消
词组短语
cancel a flight 取消一个航班;cancel debts 免除债务;cancel the newspaper 停订报纸
cancer
['kænsə ]n. (C)癌(症):It is said that smoking causes lung cancer . 据说吸烟能导致肺癌。
candle
['kændl ]n. (C)蜡烛:She lighted candles on the birthday cake. 她点燃了生日蛋糕上的蜡烛。
词组短语
light a candle 点燃蜡烛;put out a candle 熄灭蜡烛;can't hold a candle to 与…不能相比;hold a candle to the sun 多此一举,白费劲
candy
['kændi ]n. (C,U)(AmE)糖果,蜜饯:There are three pieces of candy on the plate. 盘子里有三块糖。
cap
[kæp ]n. (C)①便帽[同]hat: The new cap fits me very well. 这顶新帽子我戴很合适。②盖,套,罩[同]cover: Put the cap back on the bottle. 把瓶盖盖上。
同义辨析
①cap:常指无边的帽子,如运动帽,军帽。②hat:周边有檐的帽子,妇女的帽子用hat。
词组短语
the cap of a pen 笔套;take off/remove one's cap 脱帽;wave one's cap 挥帽
capital
['kæpɪtəl ]n. ①(U)资本,资金[同]funds, investment: He used the money as capital for his own business. 他把这笔钱当作自己企业的资本。②(C)首都:Washington is the capital of the United States. 华盛顿是美国的首都。③(C)大写字母
词组短语
raise capital from 向…集资;invest one's capital to 投资于;write the word in capitals 把这个词大写;put up the capital for 把资金投入
carbon
['kɑːbən ]n. (U)碳(简称C):Diamonds are pure carbon .钻石是纯净的碳。
care
[keə ]vi. ①关心,担心,介意[同]mind: He failed in the examination but he didn't seem to care . 他考试失败了,但他似乎并不在意。②(for)关怀,照顾:She cared for her father all through his long illness. 她在父亲久病期间一直照料着他。n. ①(U)小心,注意 ②(U)关怀,爱护[同]concern: Children have the best of care here. 儿童在这里受到无微不至的关怀。③(U)照顾,管理:The boy was left in the care of his grandmother. 这男孩留给祖母照看。
词组短语
care of 由…转交;care about在乎,介意,关心,对…感兴趣;care for ①喜欢,愿意 ②关心,照顾;take care留神,小心;take care of ①照顾,照料 ②处理;with care仔细地,认真地;under the care of由…管理,由…治疗;in the care of由…负责
carpet
['kɑːpɪt ]n. (C)地毯:The living room is covered with a red carpet . 起居室里铺着红地毯。
carriage
['kærɪʤ ]n. (C,U)①(火车)客车车厢:We sat in the fourth carriage from the front of the train. 我们坐在从前往后数的第4节车厢里。②四轮马车:The queen passed us in a carriage . 女王乘马车从我们身旁经过。
词组短语
draw a carriage 拉马车;load a carriage 给马车装货
carry
['kæri ]vt. ①提,挑,抱,背[同]bring, bear ②运送,搬运。③携带,佩带:Police carry guns. 警察佩带枪。④带有,具有,包含:All leading newspapers carried the details of the new law. 各主要报纸都刊登了新法的详细内容。vi. ①携带,搬运 ②传送
用法难点
carry on(the work)→继续进行(工作)
carry out(the policy)→贯彻(政策),实行,执行
Carry the book to me.(误)
Bring the book to me.(正)把书带给我。
Bring the book here.(正)把书带到这里。
词组短语
carry about带来带去,随身携带;carry along 使大受感动,使受鼓舞;carry away ①冲走,带走 ②使入迷,使陶醉;carry back ①拿回来,取回来 ②使回想,使陷入回忆;carry forward ①推进,发扬 ②结转,将账目转入下一栏/页/册;carry off ①赢得,夺走 ②成功地完成(困难的事);carry over ①继续下去,使继续下去 ②把…留到以后处理 ③把…争取到自己这边来;carry on ①继续,进行下去 ②从事,经营;carry out ①实行,执行 ②完成;carry through ①完成,把…进行到底 ②使(人)渡过难关;carry...to completion 完成;carry weight(说话)有分量,有影响
cartoon
[kɑː'tuːn ]n. (C)①漫画,幽默画:There is a humorous cartoon in the newspaper. 报纸上有一幅非常幽默的漫画。②动画片,卡通
词组短语
a cartoon of the President 总统的漫画;a political cartoon 政治漫画;cartoon maker 动画制作人
carve
[kɑːv ]vt.&vi. ①切,把…切碎或切成碎片[同]cut: She carved the chicken and put it onto the plate. 她把鸡切开放到盘子上。②雕刻,刻:This piece of wood has been carved into the shape of a bird. 这块木头已被雕成小鸟状。
词组短语
carve out 开创出事业,赢得声名等;carve up 把…切成块,把…分成数段
cash
[kæʃ ]n. (U)①现款[同]bank-notes: I have no cash with me. 我身上没带钱。②金钱,资金 vt. 把…兑现:I cashed a ten-dollar cheque at the bank just now. 我刚刚去银行兑换了一张10美元的支票。
同义辨析
①money:钱(一般说法) 。②cash:现款,资金。③change:零钱。
词组短语
be short of cash 缺钱;be out of cash 无现金;cash a cheque 兑现一张支票;cash in hand 手头的现金;cash before delivery 交货付款;cash on delivery 货到付款
pay in/by cash 以现金支付
pay by cheque 以支票支付
pay by credit card 以信用卡支付
cash down 用现金支付;cash in on 靠…赚钱,从…中捞取好处
cast
[kɑːst ](cast, cast)vt. ①投射(光、视线等),把…加于:The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains. 橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。②投,扔[同]throw: He cast more wood onto the fire. 他把更多的木柴扔到火上。
同义辨析
①cast:随意地扔。②throw:用力地抛、扔。
词组短语
cast a glance/a look at/on 瞧/瞥…一眼;cast about/around for 到处搜寻,试图找到;cast aside 丢在一起,丢掉;cast away 扔掉,丢掉,浪费掉;cast down ①丢下,扔下 ②沮丧,灰心;cast off ①抛弃,丢弃,摆脱;cast out 赶出,驱逐;cast up ①(海水)把…冲上岸 ②呕吐;cast back 回想,使回到过去
castle
['kɑːsl ]n. (C)①城堡:The famous castle stands on a hill. 那座著名的城堡耸立在小山上。②(国际象棋中的)车
词组短语
a castle in the air/in Spain 空中楼阁,白日梦;the castle of the Middle Ages 中世纪的城堡
catch
[kætʃ ](caught, caught[kɔːt ])vt. ①捕捉,捕获,逮住[同]capture, seize ②赶上[反]miss: They drove quickly in order to catch the train. 为了赶火车,他们把车子开得飞快。③听清楚,领会,理解:I'm afraid I didn't catch your name. 我恐怕没听清你的名字。
用法难点
catch sth.→抓住某物[同]seize
catch at sth.→设法抓住[同]try to seize
同义辨析
①catch意为“懂得、听清、了解(某事物的意义),听见(某事物的声音)”,后常接具体事物,一般不接人称代词:I didn't catch the last two words. 最后两个字我没听清。②follow常指“理解、听懂(议论、说的话等)”,后可接人称代词(宾格) :He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.他说得很快,我听不懂。③catch和follow后均可接“what sb. said”:Did you catch/follow what he said?你听清他说的话了吗?
词组短语
catch fire 着火;catch a train 赶火车;be caught in the shower/rain 淋雨;catch a cold 伤风;catch hold of 抓住,握住,捉住;catch on 风行,流行;catch on to 理解;catch sight of 瞧见,注意到;catch up 赶上,追上;catch up with 赶上;catch one's breath 歇一口气
cattle
['kætl ]n. (总称) 牛,牲口:The cattle are grazing on the hillside. 牛在山坡上吃草。
联想扩展
cow n. 母牛;ox n. 公牛(已阉割) [(pl. )oxen];bull n. 公牛(未阉割) ;calf n. 小牛(pl. calves)
用法难点
cattle 是总称名词,表示具体几头牛,要用head:
一头牛
a cattle(误)
a head of cattle(正)
五头牛
five heads of cattle(误)
five head of cattle(正)(head要用单数)
cause
[kɔːz ]n. (C)①原因,起因[同]reason: The cause of the traffic accident is careless driving. 那次交通事故的原因是驾驶员不当心。②理由,动机,缘由 vt. ①使发生,引起[同]bring about, result in ②使…遭受,给…带来:His son's behaviour caused him a lot of trouble. 他儿子的行为给他带来了许多麻烦。
同义辨析
①cause:自然性的原因,根源,暗示出结果。②reason:道理,做事的理由,解释已发生的事或已知道的结果。③excuse:借口。
词组短语
no cause for complaint 没有抱怨的理由;cause sb. to do 使某人做;cause and effect 因果;the cause of education 教育事业
cave
[keɪv ]n. (C)山洞,洞穴:He hid himself in the cave . 他藏身在山洞里。
同义辨析
①hole:天然的洞或人为的洞孔,地面上任何凹陷下去的地方。②hollow:洼地,凹地。③cave:天然洞穴,山洞,或人为的地窖、洞穴。
ceiling
['siːlɪŋ ]n. (C)天花板,顶棚:The hotel rooms have very low ceilings . 这家旅馆的房间天花板很低。
celebrate
['selɪbreɪt ]vt. ①祝贺,庆祝:We are going out for a meal to celebrate Mother's birthday. 我们打算出去吃饭,庆祝母亲的生日。②颂扬,赞美[同]praise vi. 庆祝,过节:It's Dad's birthday and we're going to hold a party to celebrate. 今天是爸爸的生日,我们打算举办一个晚会庆祝一下。
同义辨析
①celebrate:开party等庆祝生日、节日,宾语是物。②congratulate:以言语祝贺某人的成功(用于congratulate sb. on sth. 结构)。
词组短语
celebrate one's birthday 庆祝某人的生日;celebrate one's courage 赞扬某人的勇敢;celebrate the New Year 庆祝新年;celebrate the National Day 庆祝国庆
cell
[sel ]n. (C)①细胞:All animals and plants are made up of cells . 一切动植物都是由细胞构成的。②电池 ③小牢房,单人小室 ④基层组织,小组 ⑤(蜂巢的)小蜂窝,蜂房
词组短语
red blood cells 红细胞;cell division 细胞分裂;dry cells 干电池;cell phone 手机
cent
[sent ]n. (C)①分,分币(100 cents=one dollar):The paper bag costs five cents . 这个纸袋值5分钱。②(作单位的)百:The bank has increased its interest rate by two per cent . 银行已将利率提高了百分之二。
词组短语
not worth a cent 一文不值,毫无价值;not care a cent 毫不在乎;per cent 百分之…
centigrade
['sentɪgreɪd ]adj. 摄氏的:The temperature yesterday was over forty degrees centigrade . 昨天的气温高于40摄氏度。
词组短语
over zero centigrade 高于零摄氏度;100°centigrade 100 摄氏度;0 degree centigrade 0摄氏度
centimeter/-tre
['sentɪˌmiːtə ]n. (C)公分,厘米(缩略为cm):The wall is about thirty centimeters thick. 这堵墙大约30厘米厚。
central
['sentrəl ]adj. ①中心的,中央的[同]middle: The five-star hotel is in the central part of the city. 那座五星级宾馆位于市中心。②主要的,起支配作用的:He played a central role in the peace talk. 他在这次和谈中起主要作用。
词组短语
central district 中心区域;a central figure 主要人物;the central idea 中心思想;play a central role 起主要作用
certain
['sɜːtən ]adj. ①确凿的,无疑的,肯定:I'm not certain who was there. 我无法肯定谁当时在场。②必然的,确信的[同]sure: He is certain of winning the first prize. 他确信能获得一等奖。③(仅作定语) 某,某一,某位:There are certain things I just can't tell you. 有些事情我不能告诉你。
同义辨析
①certain:确实的,强调事实, 主语是人或物。②sure:确信的,强调人,表示说话人对别人“确信”,主语必须是人:
She is certain/sure to come.她肯定会来。
I am certain/sure of her coming.(正)
I am certain/sure that she will come.(正)
It is certain that she will come.(正)(不可用sure)
词组短语
for certain 肯定地,确切地;make certain 弄清楚;be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事
certificate
[sə'tɪfɪkɪt ]n. (C)证(明)书,文凭,执照[同]diploma, license: He handed the graduation certificate to the manager. 他把毕业证书交给了经理。
同义辨析
①certificate:证书,证明通过了考试、产品合格等。②license:执照,驾驶执照,营业执照等。
词组短语
college graduation certificate 大学毕业证书;birth certificate 出生证书;a marriage certificate 结婚证书
chain
[tʃeɪn ]n. (C)①链,链条[同]string ②一连串,一系列:A chain of events happened when I was out. 我不在时发生了一连串的事件。③连号,连锁店:She always does her shopping in the chain store. 她常在那家连锁店买东西。
词组短语
chain store(s) 连锁店;a chain of events 一连串事件;a chain of ideas 一连串的想法;a fast food chain 快餐连锁店
chairman
['tʃeəmən ]n. (C)主席,议长,董事长:He was elected chairman of the club. 他被选为俱乐部的主席。
词组短语
a party chairman 党的主席;a committee chairman 委员会主席;the chairman of the maths department 数学系主任
chalk
[tʃɔːk ]n. (U)粉笔:The teacher wrote some new words with chalk on the blackboard. 老师用粉笔在黑板上写了一些生词。
词组短语
a piece/stick of chalk 一支粉笔;chalk ends 粉笔头;write with chalk 用粉笔写;coloured chalks 彩色粉笔
challenge
['tʃælɪnʤ ]n. (C)①艰巨的任务:To build a bridge across the river in one month is a real challenge . 一个月内在这条河上建造一座桥可不是件容易事。②怀疑,质问 ③挑战,邀请,比赛:Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face. 环境的破坏是我们所面临的最严重的挑战之一。
词组短语
take up/accept the challenge 接受挑战;a job with more challenge 更具挑战性的工作;face a challenge 面临挑战;an exciting challenge 令人激动的挑战;meet the challenge of new technology 迎接新技术的挑战
联想扩展
challenger n. 挑战者
change
[tʃeɪnʤ ]vt. ①改变,变革[同]alter ②交换,兑换 vi. ①改变,变化 ②交换,互换 n. ①(C,U)改变,变化:I've noticed a big change in her. 我发现她有了很大变化。②(U)找头,零钱:Here is your change , sir. 先生,这是找你的钱。I've no change about me. 我身边没带零钱。
用法难点
①change sth. for sth.以某物换某物:
change a new coat(误)
change the old coat for a new one(正)换一件新大衣
②change和turn均可表示“变,变成”,但turn可用作系动词,后跟表语,而change则不可:
The leaves have changed red.(误)
The leaves have turned red.(正)树叶变红了。
同义辨析
①change:彻底地改变。②alter:部分地改变。③vary:不规则地、随时地改变。
词组短语
change into 变为,换上(衣服);for a change 改变一下,换个花样;change hands 换主人,(货物、金钱等)易主;changed one's mind 改变主意;change over(使)改变,(使)更换
changeable
['tʃeɪnʤəbl ]adj. 多变的:The weather here is very changeable . 这里的天气变化无常。
channel
['tʃænl ]n. ①(C)频道[同]band: It is boring—I'm going to switch to another channel . 这太无聊了——我要换个台。②(C)海峡:He swam across the English Channel twice when he was young. 他年轻时曾两次游过英吉利海峡。③(C)水道,航道 ④(pl. )渠道,途径[同]way
词组短语
through secret channel 通过秘密渠道;the English Channel 英吉利海峡
联想扩展
canal n. 运河;tunnel n. 隧道,地道;strait n. (窄的)海峡;channel n. (宽的)海峡;gulf n. (大)海湾;bay n. (小)海湾
chapter
['tʃæptə ]n. (C)(书的)章,回,篇:Be prepared to discuss Chapter 3 on Friday. 做好准备,周五讨论第三章。
词组短语
an opening chapter 开篇第一章;a novel in twenty chapters 由20章组成的小说;a chapter of accidents 一连串事故;chapter head 正文前的标题
联想扩展
paragraph n. 段;context n. 上下文;contents n. 目录
character
['kærɪktə ]n. ①(U)性格,品质,品德[同]nature, quality ②(U)性质,特性,特点,特色[同]charateristic: The two problems are different in character . 这两个问题性质不同。③(U)勇气,毅力:We all admire his great character and determination. 我们都羡慕他的毅力和决心。④(C,U)名誉,声望 ⑤(C)人物,角色[同]role: The main character in the movie is a woman teacher. 这部电影中的主人公是一位女教师。⑥(C)(书写或印刷)符号,(汉)字
同义辨析
①character(小说、戏剧中的)人物,特性。②personality 个性。
词组短语
a man of good character 品格优良的人;in character(与自身特征)相符;out of character 不符合(…的性格)
charge①
[tʃɑːʤ ]n. (C,U)①价格,费用[同]fee, cost: What is the charge for the radio?这台收音机价格是多少?②管理,照管,掌管:Harry will take charge of the department while I'm away. 我不在时哈里负责部门的事务。
词组短语
under one's charge 由某人负责;free of charge免费;in charge 主管;in the charge of 由某人管理,由某人负责;in charge(of)管理,负责;take charge(of)①负责(照看) ②开始管理,接管
charge②
[tʃɑːʤ ]vt. ①索(价),要…支付:The restaurant charged us 200 yuan for the wine. 饭店收了我们200元的酒水钱。②控告,指控,指责:He was charged with theft. 他被指控犯盗窃罪。③使充电 vi. 收费,要价:We won't charge for delivery if you pay now. 如果现在付款,我们将负责送货上门。
用法难点
charge sb. with
accuse sb. of 指控某人有…罪
in charge of 管理(主动义)
in the charge of 受…管理,受…照管(被动义)
on the charge of 以…罪
charge for 为…索价
pay for 为…付款
同义辨析
①charge:法院正式控告某人,非正式地谴责某人某事。②accuse:严厉地指责或谴责某人。
词组短语
charge sb. money for sth. 要价;charge for 为…收取费用;charge up ①把…记在账上 ②为…充电
chart
[tʃɑːt ]n. (C)①图,图表[同]graph, map: It is a weather chart . 那是一张气象图。②航图,海图
同义辨析
①chart 以曲线图解等方式详细表示物价、气象、商情的图表。②schedule(工作、学习、飞机场、火车站)时间表,(工作)进度表。
chat
[tʃæt ](chatted, chatted, chatting)vi. 闲谈,聊天:They are chatting away in the room. 他们在房间里聊着。n. (C)聊天,闲谈:She had a long chat with her neighbour. 她同邻居聊了很久。
词组短语
chat with sb./have a chat with sb. 同某人聊天;chat away for hours 聊几个小时;chat happily 愉快地聊天;enjoy a chat with sb. 喜欢与某人聊天
cheat
[tʃiːt ]vt. 欺骗,骗取[同]deceive: He cheated his way into the job. 他骗取了这份工作。vi. 行骗,作弊:Jack cheated in/on the examination. 杰克考试作弊。n. (C)①骗子 ②欺骗(行为)
同义辨析
①cheat:用不诚实手段骗取钱财或作弊。②deceive:以假象、错误说法蒙骗他人,使人上当。
词组短语
cheat sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事;cheat sb. out of sth. 骗某人某物;by means of cheating 用欺骗方式;put a cheat on 使…上当;cheat at the exam 考试作弊
check
[tʃek ]vt. 检查,核对[同]inspect: He checked his car once every week. 他每周检查一次汽车。n. (C)检查,核对[同]examination, inspection: He made a careful check on the calculation. 他认真核对了他的计算。
词组短语
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到,签到;check out 结账离开;check up on sth. 核对,调查;check over 检查,调查;check on 检查,检讨,核实
cheer
[tʃɪə ]vt. ①使振奋,使高兴,鼓舞[同]gladden[反]depress ②向…欢呼,向…喝彩[同]applaud: The world champion was cheered by the crowd. 这位世界冠军受到人群的喝彩。vi. 欢呼,喝彩:They all cheered as the girl neared the finish line. 这女孩接近终点线时,他们都欢呼起来。n. ①(C)欢呼,喝彩[同]applause ②(U)高兴,愉快:He accepted my invitation with good cheer . 他欣然接受了我的邀请。
词组短语
cheers of encouragement 鼓励的喝彩声;cheer on 为…鼓气,向…喝彩;cheer up(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
chemistry
['kemɪstri ]n. (U)①化学:My favourite subject is chemistry . 我最喜欢的科目是化学。②化学性质
词组短语
organic chemistry 有机化学;inorganic chemistry 无机化学;applied chemistry 应用化学;chemistry teacher 化学老师;chemistry lab 化学实验室
联想扩展
history n. 历史;mathematics n. 数学;physics n. 物理;drawing n. 美术;music n. 音乐;physical education n. 体育;biology n. 生物
chest
[tʃest ]n. (C)①胸,胸腔[同]breast: I have a pain in my chest . 我胸部痛。②柜子,橱[同]box, cabinet: He bought his son a toy chest . 他给儿子买了一只玩具箱。
词组短语
a treasure box 珠宝箱;a chest of drawers 五斗橱;a medicine chest 药箱
chief
[tʃiːf ]adj. ①主要的,首要的[同]principal[反]minor: One of the chief reasons of crime today is drugs. 毒品是今天引发犯罪的主要原因之一。②为首的,总的 n. (C)首领,长官[同]leader, boss: The chief of police demanded severe punishment for criminals. 警察局局长要求严惩罪犯。
词组短语
the chief cause 主要原因;the chief problems 主要问题
chimney
['tʃɪmni ]n. (C)烟囱,烟道:The chimneys are pouring black smoke into the air. 烟囱正在向空中排放黑烟。
choice
[tʃɔɪs ]n. (C,U)①选择,挑选[同]choosing。②选择权,选择的可能性:She had no choice but to leave. 她只能离开,别无选择。
词组短语
make a careful choice 做仔细的选择;have no choice 无选择余地
choke
[tʃəʊk ]vt. ①(使)窒息,呛 ②塞满,塞住[同]block vi. ①噎住,窒息:He choked when he ate his food too quickly. 他吃东西过快给噎住了。②说不出话来:Her voice was choking with anger. 她气得说不出话来。
词组短语
choke back one's anger 抑制住怒火;choke back忍住,抑制[同]hold back;choke up ①呕出 ②(因激动等)说不出话来 ③堵塞;choke down ①困难地咽下 ②屈辱地接受;choke off阻止,制止,压制。
choose
[tʃuːz ](chose[tʃəʊz ], chosen['tʃəʊzn ])vt.&vi. ①选择,挑选[同]select, pick out: My father and I went to choose a Christmas tree today. 今天我和父亲去挑选了一棵圣诞树。②情愿,决定[同]desire: He chose to live in the countryside. 他决定住在乡间。
同义辨析
①choose:选择(一般用语) 。②select:在同种类中进行挑选。③elect:(投票)选举。
词组短语
cannot choose but 不得不,只好,只得;choose from 从…中选择
Christian
['krɪstjən,'krɪstɪən ]n. (C)基督教徒:Our English teacher is a Christian . 我们的英语老师是一个基督徒。
同义辨析
①Christian name:教名,名字,在英国指出生时或施洗礼时取的名字。②first name/given name/forename(用于写作中)名字,美式英语中用。美国人不说Christian name。③surname 性。
词组短语
turn Christian 成为基督教徒;Christian doctrine 基督教义;the Christian Church 基督教会
联想扩展
Catholic n. 天主教徒;Catholicism n. 天主教;Buddhism n. 佛教;Buddhist n. 佛教徒
Christmas
['krɪsməs ]n. 圣诞节(12月25日):I had a happy time at Christmas . 我圣诞节过得很愉快。
church
[tʃɜːtʃ ]n. (C,U)①教堂:There used to be a church behind the school. 学校后面以前有一个教堂。②礼拜,礼拜仪式 ③教会(组织)
词组短语
attend/go to church 去做礼拜;go to the church 去教堂(办事);in/at church 做礼拜;join the church 担任圣职
cigaret(te)
[ˌsɪgə'ret ]n. (C)香烟,卷烟:He lit a cigarette . 他点燃一支香烟。
词组短语
a pack of cigarettes 一包香烟;a filter cigarette 过滤嘴香烟;cigarette ends 烟蒂;smoke/draw on one's cigarette 吸烟
circle
['sɜːkl ]n. (C)①圆,圆圈,圆形[同]cycle, globe ②圈状物,环。vt. ①环绕…而转,盘旋[同]revolve, orbit ②画圈:Spelling mistakes are circled in red ink. 拼写错误都用红笔圈了出来。vi. 盘旋:The birds are circling about in the air. 鸟在空中盘旋。
词组短语
in a circle 围成圈,成圆形;stand in circle 站成一圈
circus
['sɜːkəs ]n. (C)马戏,马戏团:A travelling circus will give us a performance. 一个流动马戏团将给我们表演节目。
词组短语
a circus clown 马戏团小丑;a circus elephant 马戏团的大象;a circus owner 马戏团老板
citizen
['sɪtɪzn ]n. (C)公民,市民,居民[同]inhabitant: We should teach our children to be good citizens . 我们应当教育孩子们成为好公民。
词组短语
a citizen of Beijing 北京市民
同义辨析
①citizen:市民,(任何类型国家的)公民。②subject:(君主制国家的)臣民。
civil
['sɪvl ]adj. ①公民的,国内的[同]domestic: Every citizen has civil rights. 每个公民都有公民权。②民事的,民法的:Many civil cases can be settled out of court. 许多民事案件都可以庭外解决。③平民的,文职的,民用的 ④文明的,有教养的[同]polite
词组短语
civil rights 公民权利;civil duties 公民义务;civil service 文职人员;civil society 文明社会;civil law 民法(比较:criminal law 刑法)
clap
[klæp ](clapped, clapped, clapping)vt. ①鼓(掌),拍(手):The students clapped their hands to welcome the speaker. 学生们拍手欢迎演讲人。②拍打 vi. 拍手:The audience enjoyed the play and clapped loudly. 观众很喜欢这出戏,报以热烈的掌声。
词组短语
clap sb. on the back 拍拍某人的背;clap one's hands in delight 高兴地拍手;clap to 砰的一声关上(门、盖等);clap eyes on 遇见
cleaner
['kliːnə ]n. (C)①清洁工:The cleaner comes twice a week. 清洁工每周来两次。②吸尘器,洗涤剂:Cleaner is used out. 洗涤剂用完了。
clear
[klɪə ]adj. ①清楚的,明白的 ②明显的,明确的 ③容易看见的,听得清的 ④(about, of)无疑的,确信的:He seems clear about his plan. 他好像对自己的计划很有信心。⑤晴朗的,清澈的:The river is so clear that we can see fish on the bottom. 河水非常清澈,我们都能看得见水底的鱼儿。
用法难点
①the clear water 清澈的水。②the clean water 干净的水。
同义辨析
①clear:清晰的,不模糊的。②apparent:(表面上看)明显的。③obvious:(一目了然的)清楚。④evident:(无需争辩的)清楚。
词组短语
a clear sound 清晰的声音;a clear head 清楚的头脑;a clear blue sky 晴朗的碧空
climate
['klaɪmɪt ]n. (C)气候,气候区:The climate of the north did not agree with her. 她不适应北方的气候。
同义辨析
①climate:某一特定地域的气候,数年或数10年间的天气状况(可数名词) 。②weather:(某时、某日、某几日的)天气,较短期的天气现象(不可数名词) 。
词组短语
mild climate 温和的气候;a warm climate 温暖的气候;a wet climate 潮湿的气候;global climate change 全球气候变化
clinic
['klɪnɪk ]n. (C)①诊所:She took her baby to the clinic . 她把婴儿抱到了诊所。②医务室:The school clinic is not far from our classroom. 校医务室离我们教室不远。
词组短语
a private clinic 私人诊所;a dentist clinic 牙医诊所;an eye clinic 眼科诊所;a family-planning clinic 计划生育门诊部
联想扩展
clinical adj. 临床的,临床诊断的
clone
[kləʊn ]n. (C,U)①无性繁殖,克隆 ②复制品,翻版:The new computer is yet another IBM clone . 这台新电脑不过是IBM产品的一种翻版。③极为相似的人或物:He's almost a clone of his father. 他几乎就是他父亲的复制品。
cloud
[klaʊd ]n. (C,U)①云,云朵:She saw a white cloud floating in the sky. 她看见一片白云飘浮在天空。②阴影,焦虑,忧郁:The clouds of war began to threaten our peaceful life. 战争的阴云开始威胁到我们平静的生活。③一团,大群
联想扩展
cloudless adj. 无云的;clouded adj. 阴天的,被云遮蔽的
coal
[kəʊl ]n. (U)煤,煤块:She put some coal on the fire. 她往火里加了点煤。
词组短语
coal mine 煤矿;coal gas 煤气
coffee
['kɒfɪ ]n. (C,U)①咖啡:He warmed up some coffee. 他热了一些咖啡。②咖啡色,浅棕色
词组短语
a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡;coffee bar 咖啡吧,咖啡馆;strong coffee 浓咖啡;weak coffee 淡咖啡;black coffee 清咖啡(不加牛奶或糖) ;milk coffee 牛奶咖啡;make coffee 煮咖啡;instant coffee 速溶咖啡
coin
[kɔɪn ]n. (C)硬币,钱币[同]cash: I paid her in coin . 我付硬币给她。
词组短语
pay sb. back in his own coin 以其人之道,还治其人之身
coke
[kəʊk ](=Coca-Cola)n. (C)①可口可乐:I'll have a coke , please. 请给我一杯可口可乐。②焦炭
colleague
['kɒliːg ]n. (C)同事,同僚:She discussed the matter with a colleague at the bank. 她同银行的一位同事讨论了那件事。
collect
[kə'lekt ]vt.&vi. ①收集,采集[同]gather, accumulate: The explorers collected some dry branches for a fire. 探险队员们收集一些干树枝生火。②收藏,搜集:His hobbies include gardening and collecting stamps. 他爱好园艺和集邮。③集中:He collected his thoughts before making a speech. 他演讲前先集中一下思想。
词组短语
collect data 收集资料;collect evidence 搜集证据collect postcards 收集明信片;collect rubbish 收运垃圾
comb
[kəʊm ]n. (C)梳子,梳理:Your hair needs a good comb . 你的头发要好好梳一梳。vt. 梳,梳理:Comb your hair often and you'll be healthier. 常梳头你就会更健康。
词组短语
comb one's hair 梳头;comb out ①梳理,梳去 ②仔细搜寻,彻底搜查
combine
[kəm'baɪn ]vt. ①结合,联合,混合,化合[同]bind[反]divide: It is necessary to combine theory with practice. 理论联系实际是必要的。②兼有,兼备:We've successfully combined the old with the new in this building. 我们在这座建筑上成功地把古老和现代的风格融为一体。vi. 联合,混合:The two small firms combined to make a larger one. 这两个小公司合并成一个大公司。
词组短语
combine...with... 把…与…结合起来;be combined with 与…结合;combine work with play 劳逸结合
comfort
['kʌmfət ]n. (C,U)①舒适,安逸[反]discomfort: The hotel offers a high standard of comfort and service. 这家宾馆提供高标准的舒适享受和优质服务。②安慰,慰藉[同]relief[反]distress: Her letter is a great comfort to her parents. 她的信是对父母的巨大安慰。
词组短语
in comfort 舒适;be of little comfort 起不到安慰作用
command
[kə'mɑːnd ]vt. ①命令,指挥[同]order, direct: He commanded that work on the building should cease. 他下令那幢大楼必须停建。②控制,管辖 n. ①(C)命令,指示[同]order ②(U)控制,指挥,管辖[同]control: The army was under the general's direct command . 军队直接受这位将军的指挥。
用法难点
command that+should 型虚拟语气,should 可省
同义辨析
①command:命令,由权威方面正式下达。②order:命令,可指权威人士下达的命令,也常指非正式或个人间下的命令,常用词。③direct:指导,指挥,多指权威性的指导。④instruct:指示,指导,指系统地进行指导,正式用词。
词组短语
command sb. to do 命令某人做;command silence 命令大家安静;obey command 服从命令
comment
['kɒment ]n. (C,U)评论,意见:He made no comment on the criticism. 他对批评保持沉默。
词组短语
make comments on 对…加以评论;newspaper comments 报界的评论;arouse comment 引起议论;no comment 无可奉告;ask for comment 征求意见
common
['kɒmən ]adj. ①平常的,常见的,普通的[同]ordinary: It is a common spelling mistake. 这是常见的拼写错误。②共有的,公共的[同]public[反]individual: They share a common interest in collecting stamps. 他们在集邮方面兴趣相投。
用法难点
common 后不接that 从句:
学生作文中出现拼写错误很常见。
It's very common that students make misspellings in their writing.(误)
It's very common for students to make misspellings in their writing.(正)
词组短语
in common 共有,共同;common people 普通人,老百姓;common sense 常识;common property 共同财产;a common purpose 共同的目标;common good 公共利益;a common idiom 常见的惯用语;a common saying 俗话
communicate
[kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt ]vi. ①通信,交流,交际,沟通[同]correspond ②连接,相通:This door communicates with the front garden. 这扇门通往前面的花园。vt. 传达(新闻、意见、感情等),传送[同]spread: Television communicated the news to all parts of the world. 电视把这消息传遍了世界。
词组短语
communicate with sb. 与某人通信;communicate sth. to sb. 把…传达给某人;communicate with sb. by phone 与某人通电话
communism
['kɒmjʊnɪzəm ]n. (U)共产主义:They fought for the realization of communism . 他们为实现共产主义而战斗。
companion
[kəm'pænjən ]n. (C)①同事,同伴,伴侣[同]fellow, mate: Jerry was my companion on the journey. 杰里是我的旅伴。②成对的物品之一,一副物品中的一个:This book is a companion to his first work. 这本书是他第一部作品的姐妹篇。
词组短语
make a companion of 与…做伴,与…为友
company
['kʌmpəni ]n. ①(C)公司,商号[同]business, firm:Company profits are 5% higher than last year. 公司的利润比去年增长了5%。②(U)陪伴,交往:She came in company with a group of girls. 她同一群女孩子一起来的。
词组短语
in the company of 在…的陪同下;a computer company 电脑公司;a company of... 一群…(作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可) ;keep...company 陪伴
compare
[kəm'peə ]vt. ①(to, with)比较,对照[同]contrast: Your spoken English can not be compared with hers. 你的英语口语不能与她的相比。②(to, with)与…类似或相似:This school compares with the best in the country. 这所学校可同全国最好的学校媲美。③(to)把…比作:People often compare books to friends. 人们常把书籍喻为朋友。vi. 相比,比得上
同义辨析
①compare:比较相同之处。②contrast:对比不同或差异之处。
用法难点
She compared this car hers. 她把这部车同她的车相比较。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
词组短语
compared with 和…相比,与…类似
compete
[kəm'piːt ]vt. ①比赛[同]contest: Five boy students competed in the race. 5位男生参加了赛跑。②竞争,对抗:We can compete with them on price. 我们在价格上能够同他们竞争。
同义辨析
①compete:目的是争得名次、奖品。②contest:竞赛,比赛,可以是友谊赛,也可能是出于敌意,考验的是人的技能、力气、耐久力等。③rival:与…匹敌,不相上下。
词组短语
compete with/against sb. for 为…而同某人竞争;compete with/against sb. in 在某方面与某人竞争
competition
[ˌkɒmpɪ'tɪʃn ]n. (C,U)①比赛:Ten teams from high schools entered for the competition . 十个中学运动队参加了比赛。②竞争[同]contest: In the face of such strong competition , small shops are going out of business. 面对如此强大的竞争,小店纷纷倒闭。
词组短语
in competition with 与…竞争;meet the competition from...遇到来自…的挑战、竞争
composition
[ˌkɒmpə'zɪʃn ]n. (C,U)①作文,作品,乐曲:The teacher asked us to write an 800-word composition about winter. 老师要我们写一篇有关冬天的800字作文。②创作,作曲:The composition of the music took her a whole year. 创作这首曲子用了她整整一年。
comrade
['kɒmrɪd ]n. (C)①同志:Comrades , please be quiet. 同志们,请安静。②朋友,伙伴:We have been comrades since primary school days. 我们从小学时起就是好朋友。
词组短语
comrade-in-arms 战友;old army comrades 部队的老战友
联想扩展
comradely adj. 同志般的
conceited
[kən'siːtɪd ]adj. 自负的,骄傲自满的:Bob was too conceited to take my advice. 鲍勃太骄傲了,听不进我的意见。
conclude
[kən'kluːd ]vt. 结束,终止[同]close, end: He concluded his speech with a joke. 他讲了个笑话结束了演讲。vi. 结束,终了[同]end: The talks are expected to conclude on Friday. 谈判可望于星期五结束。
词组短语
conclude by doing sth. 以做某事结束
conclusion
[kən'kluːʒn ]n. (C)①结论,推论:Victor came to the conclusion that she was lying. 维克托得出结论,认为她在撒谎。②结尾,终了[同]ending: I found the conclusion of the book very interesting. 我认为这本书的结尾很有趣。
词组短语
reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论;at the conclusion of the meeting 会议结束时;draw conclusions from facts 从事实得出结论;in conclusion 最后,总之;jump/leap to a conclusion 随便下结论,武断地乱下结论
condition
[kən'dɪʃn ]n. ①(U)状况,状态[同]state, case。②(pl. )环境,形势[同]circumstances: Under these conditions , we could do nothing but wait and see. 在这种情况下,我们只能等着瞧。③(C)条件,前提:He will give us the money on condition that we pay it back within a month. 他借给我们钱有一个条件,即我们在一个月内归还。
词组短语
under...conditions 在…情况下;on no condition 决不;meet the conditions 满足条件;on condition that 只在…条件下,假使;out of condition 身体不佳;in condition 健康状况良好,外观良好;in good condition 完好无损,保养得很好
conduct
[kən'dʌkt ]vt.&vi. ①指挥,指导[同]guide, direct: The guide conducted them around the castle. 向导带领他们游览了古堡。②管理,处理,进行
词组短语
conduct a person to a seat 领某人到座位上;conduct a business 经营商业
conductor
[kən'dʌktə ]n. (C)①(公共汽车等的)售票员,列车员:The bus conductor gave me a three-yuan ticket. 公共汽车售票员给了我一张3元的车票。②(乐队)指挥:He is the conductor of the band. 他是这支乐队的指挥。
联想扩展
conductress n. 女售票员
conference
['kɒnfərəns ]n. ①(C)(正式)会议,会谈[同]meeting, congress: He will attend an international conference on trade. 他将参加一个有关贸易的国际会议。②(U)议论,商谈:He is in conference with his advisors. 他在和顾问协商。
词组短语
in conference 在开会,在协商;have a conference with 和…商谈/谈判
congratulate
[kən'grætjʊleɪt ]vt. ①(on, upon)祝贺,向…道喜:She congratulated me warmly on my exam results. 她热烈祝贺我考试取得好成绩。②感到高兴,感到自豪:I congratulate myself on my good fortune. 我为自己的好运气感到高兴。
同义辨析
①congratulate:对个人的成功、成就表示祝贺,常同on、upon 搭配。②celebrate:以送礼、开party 等方式庆祝节日、生日等。
词组短语
congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth. 祝贺某人;congratulate sb. very heartily 衷心地祝贺某人;congratulate sb.on/upon his promotion 祝贺某人晋升
congratulation
[kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃn ]n. ①(U)祝贺,庆贺:She received many letters in congratulation of her birthday. 她收到了许多祝贺她生日的信件。②(pl. )贺词,恭喜:Congratulations on your success! 祝贺你的成功!
词组短语
congratulations on/upon sb. 祝贺某人;sincere congratulation 诚挚的祝贺;accept one's congratulation 接受某人的祝贺;offer/send one's congratulations 向…表示祝贺;acknowledge the congratulations 对祝贺表示感谢
connect
[kə'nekt ]vt. ①连接,联合 ②把…联系起来:She did not connect him with the crime. 她并没有把他同这桩罪案联系在一起。③给…接通电话[同]link, associate: Has the phone been connected yet? 电话接通了吗?I was connected to the wrong person. 我的电话接错了。vi. 连接,衔接
词组短语
connect with ①把…与…联系在一起 ②(公共汽车、火车)衔接,联运;connect up 联起来,接通
conservation
[ˌkɒnsə'veɪʃn ]n. (U)①保存,(对自然资源的)保护,避免浪费:People have realized the importance of the conservation of natural resources. 人们已经认识到保护自然资源的重要性。②守恒,不灭
词组短语
the conservation of forests 森林的保护;wildlife conservation 野生生物保护;environmental conservation 环境保护;energy conservation 能源的节约;encourage the conservation of water 鼓励节约用水
conservative
[kən'sɜːvətɪv ]adj. ①保守的,守旧的[同]conventional[反]innovative: The teacher is very conservative in his dress. 这位老师衣着十分保守。②(式样等)不时新的,传统的:He wore a very conservative suit. 他穿着非常老式的衣服。③防腐的 n. (C)保守主义,保守者
词组短语
be conservative in one's views 观点保守;a conservative person 因循守旧的人;make a conservative guess 作保守的估计
consider
[kən'sɪdə ]vt. ①考虑,细想[同]ponder: It is a carefully considered decision. 这是一个经过仔细考虑的决定。②认为,把…看作[同]regard: They considered her an excellent teacher. 他们认为她是一位优秀的教师。③关心,考虑到[同]care: Don't be too selfish. You've got to learn to consider other people. 不要太自私,你得学会替别人着想。vi. 考虑,细想
词组短语
consider doing 考虑做(不可说consider to do) ;all things considered 通盘考虑;consider as 把…看作,把…当作
considerate
[kən'sɪdərət ]adj. 考虑周到的,体谅的[同]thoughtful: It was very considerate of you to let us know you were going to be late. 你让我们知道你会迟来,真是考虑周到。
词组短语
be considerate of sb. to do sth. 某人考虑周到(做某事) ;be considerate to/towards sb. 对某人体贴
consideration
[kənˌsɪdə'reɪʃn ]n. ①(U)考虑:After much consideration , she decided to quit her job. 再三考虑之后,她决定辞职。②(C)要考虑的事:Low price and good quality are two considerations . 低价、优质是两个要考虑的因素。③(U)体贴,关心[同]care: We should have more consideration for other people. 我们应该多体谅别人。
词组短语
of little/no consideration 无关紧要的,不重要的;in consideration of 由于,考虑到,作为对…的报酬;on no consideration 决不,在任何情况下都不;take into consideration 考虑到,顾及;under consideration 考虑中,研究中;out of consideration for 出于对…考虑,体谅
consist
[kən'sɪst ]vi. ①(of)组成,构成[同]be composed of: The test consists of listening comprehension, reading comprehension and writing. 考试由听力理解、阅读理解和写作组成。②(in)存在于[同]lie in, exist in: The beauty of the town consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings. 这座小城的美,主要在于城中古建筑的风格。
同义辨析
①consist:由多个部分组成,由多个部分组成一个整体。②include:指包括作为整体的一部分。③compose:由…构成,常用结构:be composed of。④comprise:含义同consist 大致相同,强调由各部分组成。
constant
['kɒnstənt ]adj. ①始终如一的,稳定的:Driving at a constant speed saves gas. 均速行车节省汽油。②不断的,连续发生的[同]continual[反]occasional: Constant dripping wears away the stone. 滴水石穿。
词组短语
in constant motion 处于不断变化中;constant complaints 不断的抱怨;the constant speed 均速;the constant noise of traffic 不断的车辆噪声
construct
[kən'strʌkt ]vt. ①建造,构筑[同]build, create[反]demolish: An expressway leading to Shanghai is being constructed . 一条通往上海的高速公路正在修建中。②对…进行构思,组成,创建,造(句):He constructed a new theory. 他创立了一个新理论。
同义辨析
①construct:尤指铁路、桥梁等大型工程的建设。②build:常用词,常可同construct 换用。
词组短语
construct sentences 造句;construct a programme 制定一项计划;a well-constructed novel 构思巧妙的小说
construction
[kən'strʌkʃn ]n. ①(U)建造,建设[同]building: The skyscraper is under construction . 那幢摩天大楼正在建造中。②(C)建造物,建筑物[同]architecture: It is a strange construction made of wood and glass. 那是一个由木头和玻璃结构的奇特建筑物。
词组短语
under construction 在建设中;construction industry 建筑业;construction site 建筑工地;road construction 道路施工
contain
[kən'teɪn ]vt. 包含,包括,能容纳[同]include, hold: The letter contained important information. 这封信含有重要信息。
content①
['kɒntent ]n. ①(pl. )所容纳的东西,所含之物:The big fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building. 大火严重损毁了那幢大楼里的东西。②(pl. )(书等的)目录,目次:She was unaware of the contents of the letter. 她对那封信的内容一无所知。③(U)含量,成分 ④(U)(书、讲话等的)主要内容,主题:The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study. 课堂的内容取决于学生愿意学什么。
用法难点
①作“目录”解时要用contents,但谓语动词用单数:
There are contents in the novel.(误)
There is a contents in the novel.(正)这部小说有一个目录。
②含义不同:
the content of the dictionary:词典的内容
the contents of the dictionary:词典的目录
content②
[kən'tent ]adj. 满意的,满足的[同]pleased, satisfied: He is content with his job at the moment. 他目前对自己的工作非常满意。
词组短语
in content 满意;be content with 满足于;be content to do 愿意做
continent
['kɒntɪnənt ]n. (C)大陆,洲:There are seven continents on the earth. 地球上有七大洲。
联想扩展
Asia n. 亚洲;Africa n. 非洲;Europe n. 欧洲;North America n. 北美洲;Oceanic n. 大洋洲;South America n. 南美洲;Antarctic n. 南极洲;Arctic n. 北极
continue
[kən'tɪnjuː ]vt. 继续:After a little rest they continued their work. 休息了一会儿后,他们继续工作。vi. ①连续,延伸,持续[同]go on, last: We're going to continue with the project. 我们要继续做这个项目。②依旧,仍然
同义辨析
①continue:连续做原来做的一件事,中间有间断,现在又继续。②proceed:前进,向前,着重开始,新起点。③succeed:接替,继承,接在…的后面。
词组短语
to be continued 未完待续
contrary
['kɒntrəri ]adj. (to)对抗的,相反的[同]opposed:Contrary to our expectation, the examination turned out quite easy. 出乎我们意料的是,这次考试容易极了。n. (the~)相反,反面[同]opposite: I'll continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary . 在没得到相反的证据之前,我会继续相信它。
同义辨析
①on the contrary:正相反,相反地(引出相反的一种观点,放在句首) 。②to the contrary:和它相反(修饰名词、动词,放在句尾) 。③on the other hand:另一方面(补充说明事物的另一面) 。④in contrast:相反地,形成对照的是(强调差异) 。
词组短语
be contrary to 违反;to the contrary 相反的/地;on the contrary 正相反,相反地
contribution
[ˌkɒntrɪ'bjuːʃn ]n. (C,U)贡献,促成作用[同]devotion: The Beijing Library, which hundreds of people visit every day, makes a real contribution to education. 每天都有数百人前来造访的北京图书馆对教育作出了实际贡献。
词组短语
make a contribution to/toward 对…作出贡献,捐献给;a contribution to the peace of the world 对世界和平的贡献
control
[kən'trəʊl ](controlled, controlled, controlling)vt. ①控制,支配,管理[同]govern: By the age of 19 he controlled the company. 他19岁就掌管了这家公司。②克制,抑制[同]restrain: She controlled her feelings. 她抑制着自己的感情。n. ①(U)(over)控制(能力),支配,管理[同]command ②(U)(over)自制,抑制[同]check, restraint
用法难点
①be in control(of):控制(他人)。②be under control of:被(他人)控制。
词组短语
control/keep one's temper 忍住性子,忍住气;beyond control 难以约束,无法控制;bring/get/keep/have under control 控制住,抑制住;get out of control 失去控制,再不能操纵;have/get/keep/take control of/over 掌握,控制;in control(of)控制住,管理,掌管;in the control of 受…控制,由…管理;lose control 失去控制;lose control of 控制不住,驾驭不住;out of control 失去控制;under the control of 受…的控制,受…的管辖;under control 在…控制下,被控制住
convenient
[kən'viːnjənt ]adj. ①省力的,方便的,便利的[同]handy[反]inconvenient: A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in big cities. 在大城市骑自行车常常比开车更方便。②近处的,近便的:Our house is very convenient for the school. 我们的房子离学校很近。
用法难点
convenient常用it作主语,不用人作主语:
He is convenient to do it.(误)
It is convenient to him.(正)
It is convenient to do it.(正)
conversation
[ˌkɒnvə'seɪʃn ]n. (C,U)谈话,交谈[同]chat: They carried on a conversation in English. 他们用英语进行交谈。
词组短语
have/hold a conversation with 与…交谈;be in conversation with 与…交谈;make conversation 搭讪,没话找话
cookie/cooky
['kʊki ]n. (C)小甜饼:Mary had a glass of milk and a cookie . 玛丽喝了一杯牛奶,吃了一个小甜饼。
cop
[kɒp ]n. (C)(俚)警察[同]policeman: The cops arrested him. 警察逮捕了他。
corn
[kɔːn ]n. (U)谷物,玉米:Today, corn is found all over the world. 今天,世界各地都种植玉米。
词组短语
ears of corn 谷穗;a field of corn 一片庄稼
correct
[kə'rekt ]adj. ①正确的,对的[同]right, accurate[反]incorrect ②合适的,恰当的[同]proper, suitable vt. 改正,纠正,矫正:The teacher corrected our spelling mistakes. 老师纠正了我们的拼写错误。
同义辨析
①correct:对的,正确的,常用词。②reasonable:合理而明智的(决定、选择),(人)通情达理的,(物)合情合理的。③sound:有充分理由的,可靠的,合理的,强调内在的逻辑性,合理性。
correspond
[ˌkɒrə'spɒnd ]vi. ①(to, with)相符合,相一致[同]conform: Her red hat and shoes correspond with her red dress. 她的红帽、红鞋和她的红色衣服十分协调。②(to)相当,相类似 ③通信:How long have you been corresponding with him? 你与他通信有多久了?
词组短语
correspond to 相当于;correspond with ①相符合,相一致 ②与…通信
cottage
['kɒtɪʤ ]n. (C)①村舍,小屋[同]hut, cabin: My uncle lived in a cottage at the foot of the hill. 我叔叔住在山脚下的茅舍里。②小型别墅:They are now staying at their summer cottage . 他们正待在避暑别墅里。
cotton
['kɒtn ]n. (U)①棉,棉花:The peasants are picking cotton in the fields. 农民正在田里摘棉花。②棉制品,棉布:This sheet is 100% pure cotton . 这个被单是100%的纯棉。adj. 棉花的,棉制的
词组短语
cotton shirt 棉布衬衫;cotton goods 棉制品;cotton wool 药棉;cotton padded coat 棉被;grow cotton 种植棉花;a cotton mill 棉纺厂
cough
[kɒf ]vt.&vi. ①咳,咳嗽:He coughed from smoking too much cigarettes. 他抽烟太多而咳嗽。②咳出:Sometimes he coughed (up) blood. 他有时候咳血。n. (C)咳,咳嗽:I have a terrible cough . 我咳嗽得厉害。
count
[kaʊnt ]vt. ①数,点…的数目[同]calculate ②计算,把…计入[同]include: If the cost of the trip is no more than 20 dollars, you can count me in. 如果旅行费不超过20美元,那就算我一个吧。vi. ①数数 ②计算:I don't know the exact number—I didn't count . 我不知道准确数字,我没有算过。
词组短语
count up the figures 把数字加起来;beyond count 无法计算;take count of 把…考虑在内;count...as把…看作;count down 倒着数,倒计时(在发射火箭之前用倒数方式计算) ;count for 有…价值,有重要性;count in 把…计算在内;count off 报数;count on ①数下去 ②指望,依靠。count out ①一个一个地数 ②不把…算作参加者,不把…考虑在内;count over 数,计算;count up ①数 ②算出…的总数,计算
couple
['kʌpl ]n. (C)①一对,一双[同]pair: He found a couple of socks in the drawer but they don't make a pair. 他在抽屉里找到两只袜子,但配不成对。②两三(个),一些 ③(人)一对,夫妻,情侣:The couple was/were married in 2005. 这对夫妇于2005年结婚。
同义辨析
①a couple:一对夫妻。②a pair:侧重非常匹配的一对,珠联璧合。
词组短语
a couple of 两三(个);a young couple 年轻夫妇;in couples 成双成对地;go in couples 两个两个地走
courage
['kʌrɪʤ ]n. (U)勇气,胆量[同]bravery, nerve[反]cowardice: He showed great courage during the war. 他在战争期间表现得很勇敢。
词组短语
show great courage 表现得非常勇敢;pluck up one's courage 鼓起勇气;moral courage 坚持正义的勇气;courage in the face of danger 面对危险的胆量
course
[kɔːs ]n. (C)①课程,教程[同]lecture: Andy is doing a one-year law course . 安迪正在修读为期一年的法律课程。②行动方针,做法:Follow your own course , and let people talk. 走你自己的路,让别人说去吧。③通常的过程,自然的方式、进程:When he met Mary, it changed the whole course of his life. 遇到玛丽后,他的整个生活都改变了。
同义辨析
①in course of:正在…。②in the course of:在…过程中,在…期间。
词组短语
in the course of 在过程中,在…期间;in due course 照自然的发展规律,在适当的时候;of course 当然
court
[kɔːt ]n. (C)①法庭,法院:They decided to bring the case to court . 他们决定把此案提交法庭。②球场:We have a tennis court in our school. 我们学校有一个网球场。③院子,庭院[同]yard ④(the~)宫廷,朝廷,朝臣
词组短语
the supreme court 最高法院;a higher court 高级法院;appear in court 出庭;hold (a) court 开庭;a basketball court 篮球场
courtyard
['kɔːtjɑːd ]n. (C)庭院,院子:The door opens onto a courtyard . 门对着院子开着。
cover
['kʌvə ]vt. ①盖,覆盖[同]conceal[反]uncover。②掩盖,掩饰:Jack laughed to cover his nervousness. 杰克哈哈大笑以掩饰紧张的心情。n. (C)①盖子,套子,封面[同]mask, lid: There is a picture of a cat on the cover . 封面上有一只猫。②掩蔽(物),掩护(物)
词组短语
be covered by/with 被…覆盖,长满;cover up ①掩盖,盖好,隐匿,掩饰 ②包裹;take cover 躲避,藏身
cowboy
['kaʊbɔɪ ]n. (C)(美国)牛仔,牧场骑士:Jack went to the party dressed as a cowboy . 杰克扮成牛仔模样去参加晚会。
co-worker
[ˌkəʊ'wɜːkə ]n. (C)合作者,同事:Her co-worker did the job for her. 她的同事们把她的活干了。
crayon
['kreɪən ]n. (C)蜡笔,蜡笔画:She bought a box of crayons . 她买了一盒蜡笔。
crazy
['kreɪzɪ ]adj. ①疯狂的,荒唐的[同]mad, absurd[反]sane: You were crazy to lend her your money. 你真是糊涂,把钱借给她。②(about)狂热爱好的,着迷的[同]mad: Frank is crazy for the girl. 弗兰克爱那个女孩爱得发狂。
词组短语
work like crazy 发疯地工作;go crazy 变得疯狂;crazy about football 对足球着迷;crazy about(doing)着迷于,迷恋于
create
[krɪ'eɪt ]vt.&vi. ①创造,创作,创建[同]produce[反]demolish: We don't know how the universe was created . 我们不知道宇宙是如何形成的。②引起,产生[同]generate: She's painted it red to create a feeling of warmth. 她把它漆成红色以造成一种温暖的感觉。
同义辨析
①create:创造出新的事物,创造某种文学形式。②discover:发现已存在但不为人知的事物,如一种鸟。③invent:通过实验、想象制造出原先不存在的东西,如某种机器。
词组短语
create wealth 创造财富;create more jobs 创造更多的就业机会;create confusion 引起麻烦
crew
[kruː ]n. ①(总称)全体船员,全体机组人员,全体乘务员:The plane carries 200 passengers and crew . 这架飞机载有200名乘客和机组人员。②(sing. )一群,一伙,一帮:We were such a happy crew that day in Nanjing. 我们在南京的那天,大家都很快乐。
用法难点
crew看作全体,谓语动词用单数;看作成员,谓语动词用复数:
the ship's crews (误)
the ship's crew (正)
a crew (正)全体船员
crime
[kraɪm ]n. (C,U)①罪,罪行,犯罪[同]guilt: Computer crime is on the increase. 计算机犯罪呈上升趋势。②不该做的事,不道德的行为,罪过:It's a crime that this food should be wasted. 浪费这些食物是不应该的。
同义辨析
①crime:违反法律的“犯罪”。②sin:道德上的、触犯宗教的“罪过”。
词组短语
crimes against the elderly 针对老人的犯罪;a chance crime 过失罪;a grave/serious crime 严重犯罪;teenage crimes 少年犯罪;confess the crime 承认犯罪;the fight against crime 与犯罪活动的斗争;commit a crime 犯罪
criminal
['krɪmɪnl ]n. (C)罪犯,犯人:The criminal was arrested and put into prison. 那名罪犯已经被逮捕入狱。
crop
[krɒp ]n. (C)①作物,庄稼:Wheat has always been an important crop in this area. 小麦一直是这个地区的重要作物。②(谷物等的)一熟,收成,产量[同]harvest: There was a fall in last year's coffee crop . 去年咖啡产量有所下降。
crossroads
['krɒsrəʊdz ]n. (单复数同) 交叉路口,转折点:Turn right at the crossroads . 在十字路口向右转。
crowd
[kraʊd ]n. (C)①人群,群众[同]mass, gathering: I had to push my way through the crowd . 我不得不在人群中往前挤。Crowds of people poured into the street. 人们成群结队捅上街头。②一群,一批:A crowd of children are passing my office, singing and laughing. 一群儿童唱着笑着正从我的办公室前经过。vi. 聚集,捅向[同]gather: Hundreds of people crowded into the hall to see the famous actress. 数百人捅入大厅,想一睹那位著名女演员的芳容。vt. ①挤满,塞满[同]pack ②挤,推
词组短语
a crowd of 一群;in crowds 成群,大批地;crowd into 挤进;be crowded with 挤满,拥塞;follow/go with the crowd 随大流,从众;crowd in ①挤入,拥进来,使挤入 ②蜂拥而至;crowd out ①把…挤出,排挤,挤掉 ②使装得过满而溢出
crowded
['kraʊdɪd ]adj. ①拥挤的,人(太)多的:The train was very crowded . 火车上很是拥挤。②充满的,塞满的:The room is crowded with books. 房间里堆满了书。
cruel
['krʊəl ]adj. ①残酷的,残忍的,无情的:His eyes were cruel and hard. 他的目光冷酷。②引起痛苦的:Her brother's death was a cruel blow. 她兄弟的去世是个无情的打击。
cry
[kraɪ ]vi. ①哭,哭泣[同]weep ②叫喊,呼喊:She ran to the window and cried for help. 她跑到窗口呼救。vt. 叫喊,大声地说:She cried a warning just as the ship struck the rock. 就在船触礁时,她大声喊着发出警报。n. (C)①哭,哭声:You'll feel better after you've had a good cry . 痛哭一场后你会好受些。②叫喊,叫喊声[同]shout
同义辨析
①cry:大喊大叫,声音大,尤指出乎意料或不自觉的反应而大喊大叫。②shout:喊,叫,暗指求救或情绪的愤怒。③exclaim:人由于惊恐而“惊叫,呼喊”,常接说话的内容。④scream:因恐惧、惊愕、痛楚、近乎歇斯底里的愤怒,或高兴而“尖叫,尖叫着说”。⑤bellow:人或动物的大而低沉的声音“吼叫,咆哮”。⑥roar:人的吼叫,猛兽的吼声,大炮、雷、大海的轰鸣声。⑦yell:自然地或刻意地“叫喊,用喊声鼓动”,也可指助威,求助等。⑧shriek:恐惧、痛楚或凄惨的“尖叫,尖声叫喊”。⑨weep:流泪,哭泣。⑩sob:啜泣,抽泣。
词组短语
cry for ①(哭)喊着要 ②迫切需要;cry off 取消前言,退出;cry out ①大声喊叫,尖叫 ②(for)迫切需要;cry out against 对…大声抗议或抱怨;cry over 对…感到伤心,为…悲痛
cube
[kjuːb ]n. (C)①立方形,立方体:She cut the meat into small cubes . 她把肉切成肉丁。②立方,三次幂:The cube of 3 is 27. 3的立方是27。
联想扩展
square n. 正方形;cylinder n. 圆柱体;triangle n. 三角形
cupboard
['kʌbəd ]n. (C)橱柜,碗橱,衣柜[同](AmE)closet: The cupboard doors were open. 橱柜的门开着。
cure
[kjʊə ]vt. ①治愈,治好:The doctor did everything to cure her. 医生尽一切努力来治她的病。②消除,矫正:I don't know how to cure him of his carelessness. 我不知道如何才能纠正他粗心的毛病。n. (C,U)①治愈,治疗,疗法 ②药(剂):Scientists are looking for a cure for AIDS. 科学家们正在寻找治疗艾滋病的药。
同义辨析
①cure:治愈,治好。②treat:治疗(不一定治愈) 。③heal:痊愈(尤指外伤) :
The doctor cured her of backache. 医生治愈了她的背痛。
The doctor treated her for her backache. 医生治疗她的背痛。
词组短语
a cure for sth. 治疗…的药;past cure 无法治愈;a cure for poverty 解决贫困问题的对策;cure sb. of 治愈,消除
curious
['kjʊərɪəs ]adj. ①好奇的,好求知的[同]interested: Everyone was curious as to why Peter gave up the job. 彼得为什么要放弃那份工作,大家都感到好奇。②奇特的,稀奇的:There is a curious smell in the room. 房间里有一股怪味。
curtain
['kɜːtən ]n. ①(常pl. )窗帘,门帘:She pulled the curtains before going to bed. 她睡前拉上了窗帘。②(C)(舞台的)幕,帷幕:A ship was sailing on the stormy sea when the curtain rose. 幕启时一艘船正在波涛汹涌的海上航行。
词组短语
a mosquito curtain 蚊帐;a bamboo curtain 竹帘;hide behind the curtain 藏在幕后;draw/pull/close the curtains 拉上窗帘;draw/draw back/pull back the curtains 拉开窗帘
cushion
['kʊʃn ]n. (C)垫子,坐垫:There were colourful cushions on the seats. 座位上有彩色的垫子。
custom
['kʌstəm ]n. ①(C)习俗,风俗:It is an American custom to have a tree in the house at Christmas. 圣诞节在屋子里放一棵树是美国人的习俗。②(C)习性,惯常行为:As was her custom , she knocked three times. 她敲了三下,这是她的惯常做法。
同义辨析
①habit:个人的习惯。②custom:常指一个群体、一个国家、一个社团的风俗习惯。
词组短语
country customs 乡土习俗;a family custom 家风;social customs 社会风俗;an old/ancient custom 古老的习俗
cycle
['saɪkl ]n. (C)自行车,摩托车:He made a tour of Nanjing on a cycle . 他骑自行车周游南京。vi. 骑自行车,骑摩托车:He cycles to the park every day. 他每天骑自行车去公园。
词组短语
a cycle track/lane 自行车车道;cycle home 骑自行车回家
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