专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导 01语法填空思维导图 02语法填空六年高考考情 2020-2025年高考语法填空考点统计 年份 卷别 词数 有提示词型 无提示词型 谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 复合句 2025 全国一卷 244 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 全国二卷 229 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 　 1 1 　 　 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 　 　 1 　 　 1 1 全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 2 2023 新课标I卷 203 　 4 　 2 1 1 1 　 1 　 新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 　 1 1 　 1 1 全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 　 2 　 1 　 1 全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 　 1 　 　 1 1 2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 　 1 1 　 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 　 　 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 　 1 1 　 　 1 全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2021 新课标I卷 200 1 1 1 3 1 　 　 1 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 1 2 1 2 　 1 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 186 2 2 1 2 　 1 1 　 1 　 全国乙卷 204 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2020 新课标I卷 189 3 1 2 0 1 1 　 　 1 1 全国I卷 210 3 1 1 2 1 　 　 　 　 2 全国Ⅱ卷 208 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 全国III卷 235 3 2 1 2 　 1 　 　 　 1 专家点评： 1.文章长约220个词，设空10个。设空密度科学合理； 2.给词填空占6-7空，自由填空占3-4空； 3.谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点，并列句和复合句也是高考热点； 4.实词为主，虚词为辅；介词考查相对比较频繁。 03语法填空满分策略 1. 浏览全文，明确大意 浏览全文的目的是尽快把握其大意，利用“大意”这条“主线”来引导自己，为下一步填空作好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2. 细读全文，逐项填空 了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。 3. 实用技能，反复颜值 括号内给动词的三种填法：一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。 填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。 语法填空两个重要理念：一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。 4. 复读全文，调整答案 在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能此时已迎刃而解。 语法填空高考真题分类指导 第1组：括号内给动词填写谓语类 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 1.（2025北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you __________ (make) several decisions even without noticing. 2.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 3.（2024全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 4. (2020•全国III卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (point) down the river. 第2组：括号内给动词填写非谓语类 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 5.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance __________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 6. (2025北京卷)When __________ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. 7.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt __________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 8.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___________ (record) everything I discovered. 第3组：括号内给动词转化为名词、形容词类 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 9.（2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ___________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 10.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ___________ ( complete ) of their journey. 第4组：括号内给名词填写复数类 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 11.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky ___________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 12.（2024新课标II卷）Although they could never have met, there are common ___________ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 13. (2021新课标I卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. 第5组：括号内给名词填写所有格类 14.（2025浙江 1月卷）“I really want to make this work for ___________ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 15. (2021•浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ___________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy. 第6组：括号内给名词转化为形容词、动词类 16. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 17. (2018全国I卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 第7组：括号内给形容词填写副词类 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 18. （2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ___________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 19.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? ___________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 第8组：括号内给形容词填写比较等级类 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 20.（2025北京卷）When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly _________ (long). 21.（2021新课标I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 22.（2022全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the _________ ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 第9组：括号内给形容词转换为名词、反义词类 后缀 例词 -cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 -dom bore→boredom无聊 free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ce abundant→abundance丰富；充裕 distant→distance距离；远方 important→importance重要性 reluctant→reluctance不情愿；勉强 -th wide→width宽度 strong→strength力量 warm→warmth温暖 true→truth真理 -ness weak→weakness虚弱 bitter→bitterness苦味；痛苦 aware→awareness意识 lonely→loneliness孤独 -ty cruel→cruelty残忍 secure→security安全 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 23.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ___________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoonswith lots of fresh air. 24.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 第10组：括号内给代词填写宾格、形容词物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词类 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 25. （2024全国甲卷）This area, with ____________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 26.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 27.（2021新课标I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 第11组：无提示词填写冠词类 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 28.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of ____________ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 29.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________first time. 第12组：无提示词填写介词类 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 30. (2025浙江1月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead ____________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 31. (2025北京卷)These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come ____________the planet’s expense. 第13组：无提示词填写代词类 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 32. (2024天津3月卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 33. (2018浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out. 第14组：无提示词填写并列连词类 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 34. (2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear ___________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 35.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ___________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 36. (2020新高考全国卷)They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. 第15组：无提示词填写定语从句连接词类 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 37.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ___________accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 38.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___________bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 39.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 第16组：无提示词填写名词性从句连接词类 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 40.（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is ___________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 41.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ___________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 第17组：无提示词填写状语从句连接词类 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 42.（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 43.（2018年全国I卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ___________ walking, cycling or swimming. 第18组：无提示词综合训练类 44.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 45.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 第19组：有提示词综合训练类 46.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 47.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 第20组：综合训练类 48.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days _________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 49.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 50.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. ( 语法填空 综合能力提升 ) 一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．I respect the president but I (agree) with his decision. 2．So strong (be) the wind that we could hardly move forward. 3．Never before I read an article that is so full of lies. 4．The comedy was full of humour, which not only (amuse) the audience, but also built up their confidence in life. 5．Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we (devote) to building a harmonious society. 6．But it can certainly keep me (entertain) while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 7．She had to choose between giving up her job and (hire) a babysitter. 8． (measure) as long as 200 meters, the bridge took great efforts to build two decades ago. 9．In addition, the hospital (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood. 10．Well (prepare) for the job interview, he was confident he would be hired. 11．She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend the rest of the place didn’t exist. 12．It is an occasion family members gather together and have a good rest. 13．It’s lovely a day that we all want to go camping. 14．They were responsible for finding a peaceful (solve) to the conflict. 15．It is (legal) to park your car on the freeway. 16．The naughty boy looked at his teacher (innocent) as if he had done nothing wrong. 17． is likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future. 18．Explaining to a friend how to find his apartment, he said, “Come up to the (five) floor and ring the doorbell with your finger.” 19．In my opinion, in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most. 20． (consider) that he has just recovered from an operation, he did fairly well in the first game. 二、语法填空综合训练 （一） （25-26高三上·陕西汉中·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Growing up in San Francisco, Grace Young often went with her father to Chinatown, where he bought ingredients for traditional Chinese meals. Now, 66 years old, 1 (know) as an excellent cookbook author, Ms. Young 2 (mirror) this routine for decades. Her love for cooking started early; by 13, she was sitting in on cooking classes. After college, 3 (move) to New York, she joined 4 book-publishing company. In her 30s, even though she had helped write over 40 cookbooks, she realized she didn’t have the skills to make the dishes from her family’s culture. “Writing down my parents’ recipes,” she thought, “would be a 5 (value) gift for my family and future generations.” In fact, 6 started as a collection of recipes turned into a personal story. Talking about food made her parents share stories of their past. “It was an amazing way 7 me to learn not just family recipes, but also our family history,” she said. The release of The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen in 1999 showed her great dedication to keeping Chinese cooking traditions alive. Ms. Young has also supported Chinatown’s restaurants. Since early 2020, she has raised money 8 (buy) meals from these places, giving them to the needy. This year, instead of cooking at home, she celebrated Chinese New Year with a variety of dishes from local Chinatown 9 (restaurant). “If these restaurants don’t survive,” she stressed, “the Chinese cooking traditions in our city are sure to 10 (appear).” （二） （25-26高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UChicago Medicine has taken a bold step in expanding cancer care by partnering with AdventHealth 11 (create) a national cancer network, beginning in Kansas City. This strategic alliance blends academic research with community-based treatment, aiming to improve access to 12 (advance) therapies for patients who previously lacked options. The initiative integrates cutting-edge diagnostics, MRI-guided radiation therapy, and streamlined patient support into a single facility. The newly opened AdventHealth Cancer Institute 13 (see) strong public interest by last month, with patient 14 (attend) surpassing expectations. It’s the integration of resources — from academic research institutions and community hospitals alike — 15 empowers the network to offer access to over 300 active clinical trials, bringing innovative treatments 16 (close) to underserved communities. A key milestone in the collaboration is the acquisition of imaging and profiling technologies, which allow 17 the creation of personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique biology. The partnership not only improves patient outcomes but also reshapes 18 healthcare is delivered. It builds 19 ecosystem where academic excellence meets community engagement, offering a 20 (promise) blueprint for future medical partnerships. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共16页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导 01语法填空思维导图 02语法填空六年高考考情 2020-2025年高考语法填空考点统计 年份 卷别 词数 有提示词型 无提示词型 谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 复合句 2025 全国一卷 244 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 全国二卷 229 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 　 1 1 　 　 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 　 　 1 　 　 1 1 全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 2 2023 新课标I卷 203 　 4 　 2 1 1 1 　 1 　 新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 　 1 1 　 1 1 全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 　 2 　 1 　 1 全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 　 1 　 　 1 1 2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 　 1 1 　 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 　 　 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 　 1 1 　 　 1 全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2021 新课标I卷 200 1 1 1 3 1 　 　 1 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 1 2 1 2 　 1 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 186 2 2 1 2 　 1 1 　 1 　 全国乙卷 204 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2020 新课标I卷 189 3 1 2 0 1 1 　 　 1 1 全国I卷 210 3 1 1 2 1 　 　 　 　 2 全国Ⅱ卷 208 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 全国III卷 235 3 2 1 2 　 1 　 　 　 1 专家点评： 1.文章长约220个词，设空10个。设空密度科学合理； 2.给词填空占6-7空，自由填空占3-4空； 3.谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点，并列句和复合句也是高考热点； 4.实词为主，虚词为辅；介词考查相对比较频繁。 03语法填空满分策略 1. 浏览全文，明确大意 浏览全文的目的是尽快把握其大意，利用“大意”这条“主线”来引导自己，为下一步填空作好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2. 细读全文，逐项填空 了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。 3. 实用技能，反复颜值 括号内给动词的三种填法：一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。 填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。 语法填空两个重要理念：一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。 4. 复读全文，调整答案 在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能此时已迎刃而解。 语法填空高考真题分类指导 第1组：括号内给动词填写谓语类 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 1.（2025北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you __________ (make) several decisions even without noticing. 1. had made 解析：考查动词时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 2.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 2. has walked 解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 3.（2024全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 3. be done 解析：考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 4. (2020•全国III卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (point) down the river. 4. pointed。 解析：考查动词时态。本句是“A and B”型并列句，因此谓语动词应保持一致。故答案是pointed。 第2组：括号内给动词填写非谓语类 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 5.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance __________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 6. to discover 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 6. (2025北京卷)When __________ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. 6. Traveling 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 7.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt __________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 7. left 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 8.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___________ (record) everything I discovered. 8.recording 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 第3组：括号内给动词转化为名词、形容词类 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 9.（2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ___________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 9. guidance 解析：考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 10.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ___________ ( complete ) of their journey. 10. completion 解析：考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 第4组：括号内给名词填写复数类 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 11.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky ___________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 11. afternoons 解析：考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 12.（2024新课标II卷）Although they could never have met, there are common ___________ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 12. themes 解析：考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 13. (2021新课标I卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. 13. humans 解析：考查名词。句意为：一旦你到达山顶,你所看到的滚滚云海将提醒你我们人类是多么渺小。表示“人类”，常用复数名词humans，此处作同位语，故填humans。 第5组：括号内给名词填写所有格类 14.（2025浙江 1月卷）“I really want to make this work for ___________ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 14. people’s 解析：考查名词。句意：我真的希望能让这个（服装租赁模式）顺应如今人们的生活（方式）。根据句意可知，lives与people之间是所属关系，故应用名词所有格。 15. (2021•浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ___________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy. 15. person’s 解析：考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。 第6组：括号内给名词转化为形容词、动词类 16. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 16. strategic 解析：考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 17. (2018全国I卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 17. strengthen 解析：考查名词转换为动词。句意：为避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，进行锻炼以增强腿部肌肉，避开斜坡，并选择合适的跑鞋。结合语境应用动词不定式作目的状语。故答案是strengthen。 第7组：括号内给形容词填写副词类 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 18. （2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ___________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 18. digitally 解析：考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 19.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? ___________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 19.Basically 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 第8组：括号内给形容词填写比较等级类 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 20.（2025北京卷）When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly _________ (long). 20. longer 解析：考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 21.（2021新课标I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 21. hotter 解析：考查形容词。句意：温泉的奇妙之处在于，气温越低，泉水就越热！很奇怪，不是吗？此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是the colder，所以此处用the hotter。 22.（2022全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the _________ ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 22. largest 解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 第9组：括号内给形容词转换为名词、反义词类 后缀 例词 -cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 -dom bore→boredom无聊 free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ce abundant→abundance丰富；充裕 distant→distance距离；远方 important→importance重要性 reluctant→reluctance不情愿；勉强 -th wide→width宽度 strong→strength力量 warm→warmth温暖 true→truth真理 -ness weak→weakness虚弱 bitter→bitterness苦味；痛苦 aware→awareness意识 lonely→loneliness孤独 -ty cruel→cruelty残忍 secure→security安全 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 23.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ___________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoonswith lots of fresh air. 23. absence 解析：考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 24.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 24. visibility 解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 第10组：括号内给代词填写宾格、形容词物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词类 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 25. （2024全国甲卷）This area, with ____________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 25. its 解析：考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 26.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 26. themselves 解析：考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 27.（2021新课标I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 27. mine 解析：考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine代替my memory。 第11组：无提示词填写冠词类 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 28.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of ____________ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 28. a 解析：考查冠词。way此处意为“方式”，为可数名词，且new以辅音音素开头，故填a，表示泛指。 29.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________first time. 29. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 第12组：无提示词填写介词类 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 30. (2025浙江1月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead ____________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 30. on/ upon 解析：考查介词。focus on / upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。 31. (2025北京卷)These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come ____________the planet’s expense. 31. at 解析：考查介词固定搭配。句意：毕竟，探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以……为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 第13组：无提示词填写代词类 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 32. (2024天津3月卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 32.one 解析：考查代词辨析。句意：我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。分析句子，此处表示泛指过暑假的地方，one指代的刚提到过的同一类人或物。故填one。 33. (2018浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out. 33. it 解析：考查代词it用法。本句中it用作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故答案是it。 第14组：无提示词填写并列连词类 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 34. (2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear ___________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 34. and 解析：考查并列连词。句意为：如今的顾客不再在意衣物是否二手，而是关注这样的事实：他们有独特的衣服穿，同时还不会让自己的衣柜过于拥挤，也不会为垃圾填埋场制造垃圾。结合句意及分析句子结构可知，空白处缺少连词连接两个并列成分have和are not overstuffing，故填and。 35.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ___________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 35. but 解析：考查并列连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 36. (2020新高考全国卷)They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. 36. or 解析：考查并列连词。结合语境这里表示两种情况，逻辑上是选择关系，故答案是or。 第15组：无提示词填写定语从句连接词类 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 37.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ___________accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 37. which 解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 38.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___________bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 38. where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 39.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 39. as 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 第16组：无提示词填写名词性从句连接词类 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 40.（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is ___________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 40. what 解析：考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料——这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 41.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ___________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 41. what 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 第17组：无提示词填写状语从句连接词类 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 42.（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 42. When/As 解析：考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。 43.（2018年全国I卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ___________ walking, cycling or swimming. 43. than 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然经常跑步不能让你长生不老，但该评论指出，在延长寿命方面，跑步比步行、骑自行车或游泳更有效。than这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective可知，此处用than。故填than。 第18组：无提示词综合训练类 44.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 44. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 45.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 45. from 解析：考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 第19组：有提示词综合训练类 46.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 46. have started 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 47.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 47. was 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 第20组：综合训练类 48.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days _________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 48. to give 考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 49.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 49. returning 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。根据句意可知，mean 此处意为“意味着”，mean doing sth是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”。 50.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 50. as 解析：考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。 ( 语法填空 综合能力提升 ) 一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．I respect the president but I with his decision. (agree) 1. disagree 解析：考查动词。句意：我尊重总统，但我不同意他的决定。but表转折，前文说respect（尊重），所以这里应是“不同意”，agree的反义词是disagree，句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形disagree，在句中作谓语。故填disagree。 2．So strong (be) the wind that we could hardly move forward. 2. was 解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：风力如此之大，以至于我们几乎无法前行。空处作谓语，根据从句中的could hardly move和句意可知，该句表示过去的状态，应用一般过去时；该句为倒装句，主语是the wind，故谓语为单数。故填was。 3．Never before I read an article that is so full of lies. 3. have 解析：考查时态，主谓一致和倒装。句意：我以前从未读过一篇如此充满谎言的文章。由before可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语是I，现在完成时中的助动词用have，never是否定副词，位于句首，引起句子部分倒装，即将助动词have提前到主语I前面，因此空格处是have。故填have。 4．The comedy was full of humour, which not only (amuse) the audience, but also built up their confidence in life. 4. amused 解析：考查动词时态。句意：这部喜剧充满了幽默色彩，不仅逗乐了观众，还增强了他们对生活的信心。根据was full of和built up可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。amuse的过去式为amused。故填amused。 5．Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we (devote) to building a harmonious society. 5. be devoted 解析：考查被动语态。句意：只有当我们认识到相互帮助的重要性时，我们才能致力于构建一个和谐的社会。we与devote构成被动关系，can为情态动词，空处用含有情态动词的被动语态be devoted。故填be devoted。 6．But it can certainly keep me (entertain) while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 6. entertained 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但在我等待妻子来救我的时候，它肯定能让我开心。空处作宾补，entertain和宾语me之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，故填entertained。 7．She had to choose between giving up her job and (hire) a babysitter. 7. hiring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她不得不在放弃工作和雇一个保姆之间做出选择。between...and...为固定搭配，连接两个并列的成分，and前面为动名词短语giving up her job，因此and后面也应使用hire“雇佣”的动名词形式hiring，作宾语。故填hiring。 8． (measure) as long as 200 meters, the bridge took great efforts to build two decades ago. 8. Measuring 解析：考查现在分词。句意：这座桥长达200米，二十年前建造它耗费了巨大的努力。逗号后是主句。此处考查“The bridge measures 200 meters.”的用法，此处measure表示 “(尺寸、长度等)量度为……”，是系动词用法。the bridge与measure是主谓关系，应用现在分词measuring作状语，句首字母大写。故填Measuring。 9．In addition, the hospital (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood. 9. attached 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，附属于附近医学院的那家医院在洪水中被毁了。the hospital与attach之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词attached作后置定语。 故填attached。 10．Well (prepare) for the job interview, he was confident he would be hired. 10. prepared 解析：考查过去分词。句意：他为求职面试做了充分准备，有信心自己会被录用。逗号后是主句，根据“sb. be prepared for sth. (某人为……做好了准备)”的固定搭配可知，此空应用过去分词prepared作状语。故填prepared。 11．She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend the rest of the place didn’t exist. 11. that 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：她决定记住她的班级在哪里，然后假装其他地方不存在。空处引导宾语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 12．It is an occasion family members gather together and have a good rest. 12. when 解析：考查定语从句。句意：这是一个家庭成员聚在一起好好休息的场合。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasion，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故填when。 13．It’s lovely a day that we all want to go camping. 13. so 解析：考查固定句型。句意：这是如此美好的一天，以至于我们都想去露营。本题考查的是英语中表示“如此……以至于……”的固定句型：so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数+that从句。“so...that...” 引导结果状语从句。故填so。 14．They were responsible for finding a peaceful (solve) to the conflict. 14. solution 解析：考查名词。句意：他们负责为这场冲突找到一个和平的解决方案。根据空前a peaceful可知，空处需用名词形式作宾语；solve的名词形式是solution，用单数形式。故填solution。 15．It is (legal) to park your car on the freeway. 15. illegal 解析：考查形容词。句意：在高速公路上停车是违法的。空处作表语，用形容词，根据to park your car on the freeway（在高速公路上停车）可知，这是违法行为，用illegal。故填illegal。 16．The naughty boy looked at his teacher (innocent) as if he had done nothing wrong. 16. innocently 解析：考查副词。句意：那个淘气的男孩天真地看着老师，好像他什么也没做错似的。空格处用副词innocently修饰动词looked，innocently意为“天真地”。故填innocently。 17． is likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future. 17. It 解析：考查it作形式主语。句意：未来计算机有可能取代人类。分析句子可知，句中真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替真正的主语从句，且it位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。 18．Explaining to a friend how to find his apartment, he said, “Come up to the (five) floor and ring the doorbell with your finger.” 18. fifth 解析：考查序数词。句意：在向朋友解释如何找到他的公寓时，他说：“到五楼，用你的手指按门铃。”分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词floor，应填序数词表示顺序，“第五”是fifth。故填fifth。 19．In my opinion, in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most. 19. when/whenever 解析：考查连词。句意：在我看来，当遇到困难时，我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。根据后句“我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助”可知，此处指的是当遇到困难时候，我们应该向最信任的求助。表示“当……时候”用when，此处还可以表示“无论什么时候遇到困难”，用whenever。故填when或者whenever。 20． (consider) that he has just recovered from an operation, he did fairly well in the first game. 20. Considering 解析：考查连词。句意：考虑到他刚刚从手术中恢复过来，他在第一场比赛中的表现相当不错。considering that意为“考虑到”，为固定搭配，句首首字母应大写。故填Considering。 二、语法填空综合训练 （一） （25-26高三上·陕西汉中·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Growing up in San Francisco, Grace Young often went with her father to Chinatown, where he bought ingredients for traditional Chinese meals. Now, 66 years old, 1 (know) as an excellent cookbook author, Ms. Young 2 (mirror) this routine for decades. Her love for cooking started early; by 13, she was sitting in on cooking classes. After college, 3 (move) to New York, she joined 4 book-publishing company. In her 30s, even though she had helped write over 40 cookbooks, she realized she didn’t have the skills to make the dishes from her family’s culture. “Writing down my parents’ recipes,” she thought, “would be a 5 (value) gift for my family and future generations.” In fact, 6 started as a collection of recipes turned into a personal story. Talking about food made her parents share stories of their past. “It was an amazing way 7 me to learn not just family recipes, but also our family history,” she said. The release of The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen in 1999 showed her great dedication to keeping Chinese cooking traditions alive. Ms. Young has also supported Chinatown’s restaurants. Since early 2020, she has raised money 8 (buy) meals from these places, giving them to the needy. This year, instead of cooking at home, she celebrated Chinese New Year with a variety of dishes from local Chinatown 9 (restaurant). “If these restaurants don’t survive,” she stressed, “the Chinese cooking traditions in our city are sure to 10 (appear).” 【答案】1．known 2．has mirrored 3．moving 4．a 5．valuable 6．what 7．for 8．to buy 9．restaurants 10．disappear 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了格蕾丝・杨（Grace Young）对中国烹饪传统的热爱与传承，包括她记录家族食谱、支持唐人街餐馆等事迹。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，66 岁、作为一位出色的烹饪书作者而闻名的杨女士，几十年来一直效仿这种惯例。be known as是固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名”，此处用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填known。 2．考查动词时态。句意：同上。根据“Now”以及“for decades”可知用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，主语Ms. Young是第三人称单数，故填has mirrored。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：大学毕业后，搬到纽约，她加入了一家图书出版公司。此处是非谓语，she和move之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填moving。 4．考查冠词。句意：同上。book-publishing company是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且book是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 5．考查形容词。句意：“写下我父母的食谱，”她想，“会是给我的家人和后代的一份珍贵的礼物。”此处修饰名词gift，要用形容词，value的形容词形式是valuable，故填valuable。 6．考查主语从句。句意：事实上，一开始作为食谱集的东西变成了一个个人故事。此处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指记录食谱这件事，用连接代词what引导，故填what。 7．考查介词。句意：“这对我来说是一种很棒的方式，不仅可以学习家庭食谱，还可以了解我们的家族历史，”她说。表示“对于某人”，用介词for引出不定式动作的执行者，a way for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“对某人来说做某事的一种方式”，故填for。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：自2020年初以来，她筹集资金从这些地方购买餐食，送给有需要的人。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”，故填to buy。 9．考查名词复数。句意：今年，她没有在家做饭，而是用当地唐人街餐馆的各种菜肴庆祝中国新年。作介词from宾语，restaurant“餐馆；餐厅”为可数名词，“local Chinatown ________ (restaurant)”前无冠词，结合下文“If these restaurants don’t survive”可知此处表复数概念，填名词复数形式，故填restaurants。 10．考查动词。句意：“如果这些餐馆无法生存，”她强调，“我们城市的中国烹饪传统肯定会消失。”根据上文“If these restaurants don’t survive”可知，此处指如果当地唐人街餐馆无法生存，这个城市的中国烹饪传统肯定会消失，are sure to后接动词原形，appear“出现”为动词，其反义词disappear“消失”符合语境，故填disappear。 （二） （25-26高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UChicago Medicine has taken a bold step in expanding cancer care by partnering with AdventHealth 11 (create) a national cancer network, beginning in Kansas City. This strategic alliance blends academic research with community-based treatment, aiming to improve access to 12 (advance) therapies for patients who previously lacked options. The initiative integrates cutting-edge diagnostics, MRI-guided radiation therapy, and streamlined patient support into a single facility. The newly opened AdventHealth Cancer Institute 13 (see) strong public interest by last month, with patient 14 (attend) surpassing expectations. It’s the integration of resources — from academic research institutions and community hospitals alike — 15 empowers the network to offer access to over 300 active clinical trials, bringing innovative treatments 16 (close) to underserved communities. A key milestone in the collaboration is the acquisition of imaging and profiling technologies, which allow 17 the creation of personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique biology. The partnership not only improves patient outcomes but also reshapes 18 healthcare is delivered. It builds 19 ecosystem where academic excellence meets community engagement, offering a 20 (promise) blueprint for future medical partnerships. 【答案】11．to create 12．advanced 13．had seen 14．attendance 15．that 16．closer 17．for 18．how 19．an 20．promising 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了芝加哥大学医学中心与AdventHealth合作，在堪萨斯城创建了一个全国性的癌症网络。该网络结合了学术研究与社区治疗，旨在为之前缺乏治疗选择的患者提供更先进的治疗方法。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：芝加哥大学医学中心与AdventHealth合作，创建了一个全国性的癌症网络，首先在堪萨斯城展开，迈出了扩大癌症护理的大胆一步。句中has taken为谓语动词，create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 12．考查形容词。句意：这一战略联盟将学术研究与社区治疗相结合，旨在为以前缺乏选择的患者提供更先进的治疗方法。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词therapies，advanced意为“先进的”，形容词词性，符合句意。故填advanced。 13．考查动词时态。句意：截至上个月，新成立的AdventHealth癌症研究所已经引起了公众的强烈兴趣，患者就诊人数超出了预期。根据时间状语by last month可知，句子应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，即“在上个月之前已经……”，had seen为过去完成时结构。故填had seen。 14．考查名词。句意：截至上个月，新成立的AdventHealth癌症研究所已经引起了公众的强烈兴趣，患者就诊人数超出了预期。空处需填名词作介词with的宾语，attend的名词为attendance，意为“就诊人数”，不可数名词。故填attendance。 15．考查强调句。句意：正是来自学术研究机构和社区医院的资源整合，使该网络能够提供300多项活跃的临床试验，为服务不足的社区带来创新疗法。根据句子结构，去掉it’s和空处，句子成分和意思依然完整，故此处考查强调句，其基本结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分，此处被强调部分为主语the integration of resources，故空处需填that。故填that。 16．考查比较级。句意：正是来自学术研究机构和社区医院的资源整合，使该网络能够提供300多项活跃的临床试验，为服务不足的社区带来更接近的创新疗法。空处需填形容词比较级，作宾语补足语，即“使创新疗法更接近服务不足的社区”，close的比较级为closer。故填closer。 17．考查介词。句意：合作的一个关键里程碑是获得了成像和分析技术，这使得为每个患者独特的生物学特征制定个性化治疗计划成为可能。空处需填介词for，构成固定短语allow for，意为“考虑到，为……提供可能”，符合句意。故填for。 18．考查宾语从句。句意：这种伙伴关系不仅改善了患者的治疗效果，而且重塑了医疗服务的提供方式。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何提供医疗服务”，故空处需填连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 19．考查冠词。句意：它建立了一个学术卓越与社区参与相结合的生态系统，为未来的医疗伙伴关系提供了一个有希望的蓝图。ecosystem意为“生态系统”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且ecosystem音标以元音音素开头，故空处需填不定冠词an。故填an。 20．考查形容词。句意：它建立了一个学术卓越与社区参与相结合的生态系统，为未来的医疗伙伴关系提供了一个有希望的蓝图。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词blueprint，promise的形容词为promising，意为“有希望的”，符合句意。故填promising。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第20页，共26页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $