精品解析：山东省淄博市周村区第一中学（五四制）2024-2025学年八年级下学期3月测试英语试题

八年级下册英语阶段性测试 (120分) 第一卷 (65分) 一、听力部分 (15分) 第一部分 听短对话回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到五组对话，每组对话听一遍。听对话前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完每组对话后，你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示音后，进入下一小题。 1. Where are the speakers making small talk? A. In the office. B. On the bus. C. At the bus stop. 2. When did John watch the movie? A. Last Friday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday. 3. What is the girl’s favorite subject? A. Math. B. History. C. English. 4. What did Anna do last night? A. She went to a birthday party. B. She played games at home. C. She looked after her sister at home. 5. How did the man use to go to work? A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. 第二部分 听长对话回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到一段对话，对话听两遍。听对 (话前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完对话后，每小题你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示 (音后，进入下一小题。 6. What’s the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Warm. C. Cold. 7. How often does Jane have a picnic with her family? A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a month. 8. Where do Jane’s family usually go for a picnic? A To the park. B. To the beach. C. To the forest. 9. What food does Jane’s mother usually make for the picnic? A. Cakes. B. Hamburgers. C. Sandwiches. 10. What does John think of Jane’s picnic? A. Relaxing. B. Dangerous. C. Exciting. 第三部分 听短文回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到一篇短文，短文听两遍。听短文前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完短文后，每小题你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示音后，进入下一小题。 11. What did David use to be? A. Shy. B. Serious. C. Brave. 12. Who gave David a book one day? A. His father. B. His teacher. C. His uncle. 13. How long did it take David to finish reading the book? A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days. 14. Where did David meet Kate? A At school. B. At the supermarket. C. At the subway station. 15. What did David and Kate talk about? A. Food and music B. Food and weather. C. Weather and music. 二、完型填空。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Parents helped us in all sides when we were very young. As we grow older, we may help them. Families can ____1____ in reaching goals when all family members help one another. What makes real family members?____2____ we are, our family members are the most important in our lives. Family members support each other in many ways ____3____ money or helping around the house. On the one hand, we can share our hopes, dreams or problems when we ____4____ with them. On the other hand, we can get a strong feeling of satisfaction and confidence ____5____ their help. To build good family relationships needs a lot of efforts. Firstly, everyone in the family needs to ____6____ with each other and shouldn’t have conflicts (冲突). Secondly, family members should share thoughts and feelings ____7____ eating meals, traveling or working together. Thirdly, we should talk with each other about our worries and then ____8____ them together because family members can encourage one another to set goals and achieve dreams. Finally, we are supposed to spend time ____9____ family members. Listening shows we care about them as much as they care about us. In a word, family members can make us ____10____ energy and powerful all the time. 1. A. get B. succeed C. lead D. reach 2. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. Wherever 3 A. either B. except C. besides D. neither 4. A. deal B. communicate C. compare D. compete 5. A. as B. for C. with D. without 6. A. come up B. get along C. hold on D. take up 7. A. after B. before C. as D. while 8. A. solve B. discuss C. suggest D. discover 9. A. calling on B. listening to C. talking to D. connecting with 10. A. fill with B. run out C. full of D. born with 三、阅读理解 (40分) A Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette in October 2023. He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016. Hai Ya got the idea of his work from a painting called Qianli Jiangshan Tu. Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty painted the work at the age of 18. Modeled on (以……为原型) the life of Wang, Hai Ya created the character of an excellent painter Zhao Ximeng. Zhao painted for an emperor more than 1,000 years ago. One day, the painter’s mind left his physical body and went into a special space. There a modern police officer was working on a case (案件) having to do with a very old painting. The Space-Time Painter tells about the political upheavals (政治动乱) of the time when the painting was created. We can find traditional Chinese culture, history, speculative elements (推测性元素) and science fiction in Hai Ya’s work. Hai, 33, developed an interest in science fiction when he was very young and started writing at university. Now, he works in Shenzhen. “I’m really surprised and very lucky. It’s like a dream come true,” said Hai Ya. 11. How many Chinese writers have got a Hugo award so far? A. 2. B. 3. C. 18. D. 33. 12. How did Hai Ya get the idea of his work? A. He got it from a crime. B. He got it from an old painting. C. He got it with the help of Liu Cixin. D. He got it while working in Shenzhen 13. What can we learn from the end of the article? A. Hai Ya felt surprised at winning the award. B. Hai Ya started writing when he was little. C. Hai Ya never went to university. D. Hai Ya will give up his job. B Isaac Winfield is an 11-year-old boy. The young boy used his own birthday money to start a food bank service in 2020. “Isaac is very kind and he always wants to help,” said his mother. “After he moved to a new school, he learned that it didn’t give out food parcels (包裹) during the COVID-19 outbreak. So he decided to do it in our house.” With a little help, Isaac bought some food with his birthday money and put it in a little greenhouse. Then he started giving out food from there. Someone noticed it and posted it on the Internet. Then people came and donated (捐赠). Isaac got so many donations that his family bought a shed (棚) to store them. Isaac even asked his family and friends not to give him birthday gifts this year. “For his 11th birthday, he just wanted food bank donations. He wanted to get as many donations as possible to help as many people as he could,” said his mother. On weekends, Isaac hands food parcels out to the needy around his hometown. Those in need can also go to his food bank shed. It is open 24 hours a day. There is not only food but also winter clothes and shoes to help people keep warm. “Being able to help all these people makes him feel better about himself,” his mother said. 14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Isaac’s food bank. B. Isaac’s new school. C. Isaac’s house. D. Isaac’s hometown. 15. What happened after Isaac’s service appeared online? A. More volunteers came to help him. B. More people came to get free food. C. More food banks appeared in his hometown. D. More people made donations to his food bank. 16. What can we learn from Isaac’s mother’s words in the last paragraph? A. Her son is doing a wonderful job. B. Her son needs to improve his service. C. It makes her son feel good to help others. D. There are a lot of poor people in the world. 17. What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To describe a talented boy to us. B. To show us how to help poor people. C. To tell us about a kind boy and his food bank. D. To advise us to make donations to food banks. C Can your grandparents use computers or smartphones? Have you ever taught them how to use them? A study shows that 4 in 10 old people have smartphones in America, but they don’t know how to use them. This makes them feel lonely and sad. Dorcey is a retired (退休的) teacher from Africa. She lived all over the world before moving to New Mexico. When her husband died suddenly, she was alone there. She didn’t know how to answer calls on her new phone, and she was afraid of asking others. “I asked a worker in a supermarket once, but he was very impatient (不耐烦的),” Dorcey said. Then she met a “Teenior”. With her help, Dorcey can talk to her family and friends in Africa and Europe on the phone by herself now. Teeniors are a group of young people who are proficient in electronic devices (电子设备) like smartphones and computers. They work at a company (公司) in New Mexico. The company matches Teeniors with old people. They teach them how to use electronic devices. Trish Lopez started the company in 2015 after realizing that her mother needed help. Lopez’s mother knew little about electronic devices and it troubled her a lot in daily life. However, Lopez was so busy with her work that she couldn’t help her mother in time. She thought there might be many old people like her mother, so she started her business. Till 2020, more than 3,000 old people received help from Lopez’s company in New Mexico. “Our company not only offers help to the old people, but also provides learning chances for the young. They learn to be patient, communicate with the old people and understand them,” said Lopez. 18. How did Dorcey learn to use the phone? A. By asking her husband. B By getting help from a Teenior. C. By talking with a worker in a supermarket. D. By studying in a community with her friends. 19. The underlined phrase “proficient in” probably means “______”. A. good at B. tired of C. afraid of D. worried about 20. Why did Lopez start her company? A. To make more money. B. To teach old people to use electronic devices. C. To ask young people to use smartphones less. D. To make old people communicate with their children. 21. According to the passage, we can infer (推断) ______. A. Lopez hopes to learn from the Teeniors B. the Teeniors get bored of helping the old people C. Lopez’s company is helpful to the old and the young D. old people don’t want to learn to use smartphones at all D At my neighborhood’s dog park, everyone smiles and says hello. Are dog owners nicer than other people? ____22____ Maybe because of their animals, the people in the dog park find it easy to be friendly. When I take my pet dog Clancy there, I often make small talk with other dog owners. ____23____ It started with an old man with a Labrador. “Does anyone know a good computer person?” he asked. “I’ve got one,” said a lady sitting with her chihuahua. “But does anyone know a good dentist?” “Oh, I have one of those,” said a young mother with her Pomeranian, “but I wonder if anyone knows a good place to repair watches.” “The store up the road does that,” said a man walking past with a poodle. Whenever I have a question, instead of turning to the Internet, I think, “____24____” However, some people who are not dog owners cannot understand me. “That’s a beautiful painting,” said a friend the other day in my living room as he watched a picture by Rembrandt Alexander Tayco. “How did you come across the artist?” “While walking my dog,” I said. “____25____” “What?” he said. Or when someone asked where I found my accountant (会计师) I replied, “I met her at the dog park.” At this point, people would shrug their shoulders (耸肩), as if to say, “What a strange place to find an accountant!” But what would be a better place? A. Many people keep dogs as pets. B. There will be an answer at the park. C. He has a dog and Clancy enjoys playing with it. D. I can’t say that’s true, but sometimes it feels like it is. E. Not long ago, there was a meeting of recommendations (推荐) at the park. 阅读材料，将1—5小题中五条有关聊天技巧的建议与五个标题A—E进行匹配。 ____26____ Try to be a good listener. Listening carefully will help you understand and encourage those speaking to you. Letting others express themselves will improve communication and give you time to think of an answer! ____27____ Asking a question is the best way to start a conversation. And asking open-ended questions can get really interesting responses (回应). Usually, they just help to keep the conversation going. ____28____ A conversation needs at least two people. Everyone involved (参与的) should have the chance to speak, ask questions, listen, and be involved in the conversation. You should learn to listen and speak at the right time. ____29____ If you know who you are going to talk with, you can think about subjects they will be interested in. Then you can spend some time learning a little specific vocabulary related to (与……相关的特别词汇) these subjects. ____30____ There are some subjects you should stay away from especially in business situations or the first time you meet someone. These subjects include the pay, death, religion (宗教), politics (政治), or really personal things. A. Listen carefully B. Avoid unsafe’ subjects C. Ask open-ended questions D. Do research and make preparations E. Learn when to listen and when to speak 第二卷 (55分) 四、选词填空 (共10小题，满分10分) 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 light avoid in since therefore breaking tips with if basic humorous community When I was a child, my parents always told me never to talk to strangers. However, ____31____ we didn’t talk with strangers, we’d never make friends. We’d never have the chance to get a job. We’d never enjoy the joy of talking with neighbors in our ____32____. Here, I suggest you follow these ____33____ when you want to talk with strangers. First, try ____34____ the ice. In the UK, the weather is the most common subject. People in England don’t like to talk about heavy subjects. So the weather can be something ____35____ to talk about. In the US, people often say, “Where are you from?” Your answer can be something fun. American people are usually ____36____ and saying something interesting can make others want to listen to you. Second, ____37____ saying something too private. On the one hand, it’s not polite ____38____ any culture. On the other hand, it’s not safe. In the Internet age, it’s dangerous for strangers to know about your ____39____ information like your name, birthday and family. ____40____, don’t talk about personal things too much with strangers. 五、语法填空 (共10小题，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 One day, the animals in the forest were happy because it was the old tree’s 200th birthday. They would hold a great party for him ____41____ (celebrate) it. Some of the animals were happily ____42____ (make) delicious food like biscuits and cakes. Other animals were preparing gifts for the old tree. ____43____ the fox took the biscuits and ate them. He also took the gifts and opened them. The old tree saw this and said to the fox, “You did something wrong, ____44____ (do) you?” The fox was embarrassed and said nothing. Then he asked the fox why he did this. The fox said ____45____ (shy), “Because I don’t have any friends and nobody invited me to your party.” “Do you know why you don’t have any friends in the forest?” the old tree asked the fox. “Because I am not as strong as the tiger?” the fox felt unsure of ____46____ (he). “No. The reason is that you are not nice ____47____ everyone,” the old tree said. “Try to be much____48____ (friendly) to other animals. I believe all of them will want to be your friends. Oh, I will be your first friend if you do as I say.” The conversation was very ____49____ (help) to the fox. He changed a lot after it. After the fox became friendly to other animals in the forest, they all became the____50____ (fox) friends. They lived together happily. 六、完成以下句子。(7分) 51. 你们上周五参加了运动会，不是吗？ You attended the sports meeting last Friday, ________ ________? 52. 当你在公共汽车站等车时，应当排队等候。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 尽管身患重病，他仍然坚持教学。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 我们应该避免询问别人的私人信息。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、阅读表达 (共5小题，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 There is a cafeteria (自助食堂) in Chen Guixiang’s neighborhood. The 79-year-old woman goes there with her husband almost every day. They don’t need to cook for themselves. “The cafeteria is near our home so we only need to walk for five minutes to get there. And the foods are not expensive and taste great,” Chen said. The cafeteria started up in September, 2022 and has served more than 17,000 people. There are three dishes and a soup for each meal. It costs only about 10 yuan for old people aged 60 and above. Of course, young people can also eat there, but they pay a bit more. “We welcome old people to our cafeteria to eat and spend time with friends. There are some volunteers working here. They may help take meals to disabled people’s homes,” the leader of the cafeteria said. There are also some interesting activities for old people in the cafeteria, such as Chinese calligraphy and painting. They make the old people’s life colorful. The old people enjoy themselves there. Wei Xiaokun, 82, comes here to have dinner. “I enjoy the food here. And I also enjoy exercising or talking with my friends,” Wei said. “I learnt how to use my smart phone and Chinese calligraphy from volunteers.” There are 528 such cafeterias in Fuzhou, serving around 610,000 old people. They are quite convenient for the old people. 55. Why does Chen go to the cafeteria for meals almost every day? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. How much does an old man aged 60 and above need to pay for a meal in the cafeteria? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What can the cafeteria do for disabled people? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What can old people do in the cafeteria besides having meals? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What do you think of the cafeteria? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达 (共1小题，满分18分) 60. 假如你是李华，你的好友Jim正在学习汉语，最近他了解到了“寒暄”这种说法，他认为这是与他人沟通的一种很好的方式。昨天Jim向你发来邮件请教中国人如何开始寒暄以及在寒暄时的谈话内容等。请你给Jim回信，通过以下提示及自身的生活经验向他进行说明。 Relations: neighbors, colleagues (同事), even strangers Questions: Have you eaten yet? What are you busy with these days? Topic: family, study, work, health Meaning: become closer; pass time; … 写作要求： 1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅； 3. 100词左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Jim, How are you? You asked me about the Chinese “small talk” in your e-mail yesterday. Now let me tell you something about it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级下册英语阶段性测试 (120分) 第一卷 (65分) 一、听力部分 (15分) 第一部分 听短对话回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到五组对话，每组对话听一遍。听对话前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完每组对话后，你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示音后，进入下一小题。 1. Where are the speakers making small talk? A. In the office. B. On the bus. C. At the bus stop. 2. When did John watch the movie? A. Last Friday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday. 3. What is the girl’s favorite subject? A. Math. B. History. C. English. 4. What did Anna do last night? A. She went to a birthday party. B. She played games at home. C. She looked after her sister at home. 5. How did the man use to go to work? A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. 第二部分 听长对话回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到一段对话，对话听两遍。听对 (话前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完对话后，每小题你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示 (音后，进入下一小题。 6. What’s the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Warm. C. Cold. 7. How often does Jane have a picnic with her family? A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a month. 8. Where do Jane’s family usually go for a picnic? A. To the park. B. To the beach. C. To the forest. 9. What food does Jane’s mother usually make for the picnic? A. Cakes. B. Hamburgers. C. Sandwiches. 10. What does John think of Jane’s picnic? A. Relaxing. B. Dangerous. C. Exciting. 第三部分 听短文回答问题 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 你将听到一篇短文，短文听两遍。听短文前，你有20秒钟时间阅读所有小题。听完短文后，每小题你还有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。在听到“嘟”的提示音后，进入下一小题。 11. What did David use to be? A. Shy. B. Serious. C. Brave. 12. Who gave David a book one day? A. His father. B. His teacher. C. His uncle. 13. How long did it take David to finish reading the book? A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days. 14. Where did David meet Kate? A. At school. B. At the supermarket. C. At the subway station. 15. What did David and Kate talk about? A. Food and music B. Food and weather. C. Weather and music. 二、完型填空。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Parents helped us in all sides when we were very young. As we grow older, we may help them. Families can ____1____ in reaching goals when all family members help one another. What makes real family members?____2____ we are, our family members are the most important in our lives. Family members support each other in many ways ____3____ money or helping around the house. On the one hand, we can share our hopes, dreams or problems when we ____4____ with them. On the other hand, we can get a strong feeling of satisfaction and confidence ____5____ their help. To build good family relationships needs a lot of efforts. Firstly, everyone in the family needs to ____6____ with each other and shouldn’t have conflicts (冲突). Secondly, family members should share thoughts and feelings ____7____ eating meals, traveling or working together. Thirdly, we should talk with each other about our worries and then ____8____ them together because family members can encourage one another to set goals and achieve dreams. Finally, we are supposed to spend time ____9____ family members. Listening shows we care about them as much as they care about us. In a word, family members can make us ____10____ energy and powerful all the time. 1. A. get B. succeed C. lead D. reach 2. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. Wherever 3. A. either B. except C. besides D. neither 4. A. deal B. communicate C. compare D. compete 5. A. as B. for C. with D. without 6. A. come up B. get along C. hold on D. take up 7 A. after B. before C. as D. while 8. A. solve B. discuss C. suggest D. discover 9. A. calling on B. listening to C. talking to D. connecting with 10. A. fill with B. run out C. full of D. born with 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍什么是真正的家庭成员以及如何形成好的家庭关系。 【1题详解】 句意：当所有家庭成员互相帮助时，家庭才能成功地实现目标。 get得到；succeed成功；lead带领；reach达到。succeed in…“在……中成功”，固定词组。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：无论我们是谁，我们的家庭成员在我们的生活中都是最重要的。 Whoever无论谁；Whatever无论什么；However然而；Wherever无论什么地方。根据“…we are, our family members are the most important in our lives.”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指无论我们是谁，我们的家庭成员在我们的生活中都是最重要的。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：除了金钱或家务之外，家庭成员还在许多方面相互支持。 either任何一个；except除了；besides除…之外(还)；neither两者都不。根据下文“On the one hand, we can share our hopes, dreams or problems when we…with them. On the other hand, we can get a strong feeling of satisfaction and confidence…their help.”并结合选项可知，此处表示包含的意思，besides符合。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：一方面，当我们与他们交流时，我们可以分享我们的希望、梦想或问题。 deal处理；communicate交流；compare比较；compete竞争。根据啊“we can share our hopes, dreams or problems”可知，此处指一家人交流的时候可以分享我们的希望、梦想或问题。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：另一方面，在他们的帮助下，我们可以获得强烈的满足感和信心。 as作为；for为了；with和；without没有。根据“On the other hand, we can get a strong feeling of satisfaction and confidence… their help.”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指在家人的帮助下，我们可以获得强烈的满足感和信心，with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”，固定词组。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：首先，家庭中的每个人都需要和睦相处，不应该有冲突。 come up出现；get along和睦相处；hold on坚持；take up占用。根据“shouldn’t have conflicts”可知，此处指和睦相处。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：其次，家庭成员应该在一起吃饭、旅行或工作时分享想法和感受。 after在……之后；before在……之前；as因为；while与……同时。根据句意可知，空前后的动作同时发生，应用while。故选D。 【8题详解】 句意：第三，我们应该互相谈谈我们的担忧，然后一起解决它们，因为家庭成员可以鼓励彼此设定目标和实现梦想。 solve解决；discuss讨论；suggest建议；discover发现。根据“we should talk with each other about our worries”并结合选项可知，此处指谈论并解决我们的担忧。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：最后，我们应该花时间倾听家人的意见。 calling on号召；listening to听；talking to与……交谈；connecting with与……联系。根据下文“Listening shows we care about them as much as they care about us.”可知，此处指倾听家人的意见。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：总之，家庭成员可以让我们一直充满活力和力量。 fill with填充；run out耗尽；full of充满；born with与生俱来。根据“In a word, family members can make us…energy and powerful all the time.”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指家庭成员可以让我们一直充满活力和力量。故选C。 三、阅读理解 (40分) A Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette in October 2023. He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016. Hai Ya got the idea of his work from a painting called Qianli Jiangshan Tu. Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty painted the work at the age of 18. Modeled on (以……为原型) the life of Wang, Hai Ya created the character of an excellent painter Zhao Ximeng. Zhao painted for an emperor more than 1,000 years ago. One day, the painter’s mind left his physical body and went into a special space. There a modern police officer was working on a case (案件) having to do with a very old painting. The Space-Time Painter tells about the political upheavals (政治动乱) of the time when the painting was created. We can find traditional Chinese culture, history, speculative elements (推测性元素) and science fiction in Hai Ya’s work. Hai, 33, developed an interest in science fiction when he was very young and started writing at university. Now, he works in Shenzhen. “I’m really surprised and very lucky. It’s like a dream come true,” said Hai Ya. 11. How many Chinese writers have got a Hugo award so far? A. 2. B. 3. C. 18. D. 33. 12. How did Hai Ya get the idea of his work? A. He got it from a crime. B. He got it from an old painting. C. He got it with the help of Liu Cixin. D. He got it while working in Shenzhen 13. What can we learn from the end of the article? A. Hai Ya felt surprised at winning the award. B. Hai Ya started writing when he was little. C. Hai Ya never went to university. D. Hai Ya will give up his job. 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了获得雨果奖的小说《时空画师》及其作者海漄。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016.”可知，到目前为止，有3位中国作家获得了雨果奖：海漄、刘慈欣和郝景芳。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Hai Ya got the idea of his work from a painting called Qianli Jiangshan Tu. Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty painted the work at the age of 18.”可知，海漄的创作灵感来自一幅名为《千里江山图》的古画。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’m really surprised and very lucky. It’s like a dream come true”可知，海漄对获奖感到惊讶。故选A。 B Isaac Winfield is an 11-year-old boy. The young boy used his own birthday money to start a food bank service in 2020. “Isaac is very kind and he always wants to help,” said his mother. “After he moved to a new school, he learned that it didn’t give out food parcels (包裹) during the COVID-19 outbreak. So he decided to do it in our house.” With a little help, Isaac bought some food with his birthday money and put it in a little greenhouse. Then he started giving out food from there. Someone noticed it and posted it on the Internet. Then people came and donated (捐赠). Isaac got so many donations that his family bought a shed (棚) to store them. Isaac even asked his family and friends not to give him birthday gifts this year. “For his 11th birthday, he just wanted food bank donations. He wanted to get as many donations as possible to help as many people as he could,” said his mother. On weekends, Isaac hands food parcels out to the needy around his hometown. Those in need can also go to his food bank shed. It is open 24 hours a day. There is not only food but also winter clothes and shoes to help people keep warm. “Being able to help all these people makes him feel better about himself,” his mother said. 14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Isaac’s food bank. B. Isaac’s new school. C. Isaac’s house. D. Isaac’s hometown. 15. What happened after Isaac’s service appeared online? A. More volunteers came to help him. B. More people came to get free food. C. More food banks appeared in his hometown. D. More people made donations to his food bank. 16. What can we learn from Isaac’s mother’s words in the last paragraph? A. Her son is doing a wonderful job. B. Her son needs to improve his service. C. It makes her son feel good to help others. D. There are a lot of poor people in the world. 17. What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To describe a talented boy to us. B. To show us how to help poor people. C. To tell us about a kind boy and his food bank. D. To advise us to make donations to food banks. 【答案】14. B 15. D 16. C 17. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了11岁男孩Isaac Winfield用自己的生日钱创办食品银行服务，帮助疫情期间需要帮助的人的故事。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“After he moved to a new school, he learned that it didn’t give out food parcels… So he decided to do it in our house.”可知，“it”指代的是前文提到的“a new school”即Isaac’s new school。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Someone noticed it and posted it on the Internet. Then people came and donated.”可知，Isaac的服务被发布到网上后，许多人前来捐赠。故选D。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Being able to help all these people makes him feel better about himself”可知，Isaac的母亲认为帮助他人让Isaac感到快乐。故选C。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕Isaac创办食品银行并帮助他人的故事展开，目的是向读者介绍这个善良的男孩和他的食品银行。故选C。 C Can your grandparents use computers or smartphones? Have you ever taught them how to use them? A study shows that 4 in 10 old people have smartphones in America, but they don’t know how to use them. This makes them feel lonely and sad. Dorcey is a retired (退休的) teacher from Africa. She lived all over the world before moving to New Mexico. When her husband died suddenly, she was alone there. She didn’t know how to answer calls on her new phone, and she was afraid of asking others. “I asked a worker in a supermarket once, but he was very impatient (不耐烦的),” Dorcey said. Then she met a “Teenior”. With her help, Dorcey can talk to her family and friends in Africa and Europe on the phone by herself now. Teeniors are a group of young people who are proficient in electronic devices (电子设备) like smartphones and computers. They work at a company (公司) in New Mexico. The company matches Teeniors with old people. They teach them how to use electronic devices. Trish Lopez started the company in 2015 after realizing that her mother needed help. Lopez’s mother knew little about electronic devices and it troubled her a lot in daily life. However, Lopez was so busy with her work that she couldn’t help her mother in time. She thought there might be many old people like her mother, so she started her business. Till 2020, more than 3,000 old people received help from Lopez’s company in New Mexico. “Our company not only offers help to the old people, but also provides learning chances for the young. They learn to be patient, communicate with the old people and understand them,” said Lopez. 18. How did Dorcey learn to use the phone? A. By asking her husband. B. By getting help from a Teenior. C. By talking with a worker in a supermarket. D. By studying in a community with her friends. 19. The underlined phrase “proficient in” probably means “______”. A. good at B. tired of C. afraid of D. worried about 20. Why did Lopez start her company? A. To make more money. B. To teach old people to use electronic devices. C. To ask young people to use smartphones less. D. To make old people communicate with their children. 21. According to the passage, we can infer (推断) ______. A. Lopez hopes to learn from the Teeniors B. the Teeniors get bored of helping the old people C. Lopez’s company is helpful to the old and the young D. old people don’t want to learn to use smartphones at all 【答案】18. B 19. A 20. B 21. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲了Trish Lopez于2015年创办公司，安排“青少年助手”帮助老年人使用电子设备，这既为老年人提供了帮助，也为年轻人提供了学习机会。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Then she met a ‘Teenior’. With her help, Dorcey can talk to her family and friends in Africa and Europe on the phone by herself now.”可知，在“青少年助手”的帮助下，Dorcey学会了使用手机。故选B。 【19题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“They work at a company (公司) in New Mexico. The company matches Teeniors with old people. They teach them how to use electronic devices.”可知，这些“青少年助手”教老年人使用电子设备，所以他们精通电子设备，proficient in意为“精通，擅长”，与good at意思相近。故选A。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Trish Lopez started the company in 2015 after realizing that her mother needed help. Lopez’s mother knew little about electronic devices and it troubled her a lot in daily life.”以及“She thought there might be many old people like her mother, so she started her business.”可知，Lopez创办她的公司是为了教老人使用电子设备。故选B。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Our company not only offers help to the old people, but also provides learning chances for the young. They learn to be patient, communicate with the old people and understand them”可推断，Lopez的公司对老人和年轻人都有帮助。故选C。 D At my neighborhood’s dog park, everyone smiles and says hello. Are dog owners nicer than other people? ____22____ Maybe because of their animals, the people in the dog park find it easy to be friendly. When I take my pet dog Clancy there, I often make small talk with other dog owners. ____23____ It started with an old man with a Labrador. “Does anyone know a good computer person?” he asked. “I’ve got one,” said a lady sitting with her chihuahua. “But does anyone know a good dentist?” “Oh, I have one of those,” said a young mother with her Pomeranian, “but I wonder if anyone knows a good place to repair watches.” “The store up the road does that,” said a man walking past with a poodle. Whenever I have a question, instead of turning to the Internet, I think, “____24____” However, some people who are not dog owners cannot understand me. “That’s a beautiful painting,” said a friend the other day in my living room as he watched a picture by Rembrandt Alexander Tayco. “How did you come across the artist?” “While walking my dog,” I said. “____25____” “What?” he said. Or when someone asked where I found my accountant (会计师), I replied, “I met her at the dog park.” At this point, people would shrug their shoulders (耸肩), as if to say, “What a strange place to find an accountant!” But what would be a better place? A. Many people keep dogs as pets. B. There will be an answer at the park. C. He has a dog and Clancy enjoys playing with it. D. I can’t say that’s true, but sometimes it feels like it is. E. Not long ago, there was a meeting of recommendations (推荐) at the park. 【答案】22. D 23. E 24. B 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在社区狗公园的见闻，通过与狗主人的互动，发现狗主人之间更容易建立友好关系，并从中获得各种生活问题的解答。 【22题详解】 根据文章第二段“Are dog owners nicer than other people?”以及后文描述狗公园的友好氛围可知，作者对此问题的态度是模糊的。选项D“我不能说这是真的，但有时感觉确实如此”符合语境。故选D。 【23题详解】 根据文章第二段“When I take my pet dog Clancy there, I often make small talk with other dog owners.”以及后文描述的推荐场景（电脑维修、牙医、手表修理等）可知，此处应填入与“推荐聚会”相关的内容。选项E“不久前，公园里有一次推荐聚会”符合语境。故选E。 【24题详解】 根据文章倒数第四段“Whenever I have a question, instead of turning to the Internet, I think…”以及后文描述的狗公园提供的各种答案可知，作者认为“公园里会有答案”。选项B“公园里会有答案”符合语境。故选B。 【25题详解】 根据文章倒数第二段“While walking my dog,” I said.”以及朋友困惑的反应“What?” he said.”可知，此处需补充狗相关的信息。选项C“他有一只狗，Clancy喜欢和它玩”与上下文衔接自然，符合语境。故选C。 阅读材料，将1—5小题中五条有关聊天技巧的建议与五个标题A—E进行匹配。 ____26____ Try to be a good listener. Listening carefully will help you understand and encourage those speaking to you. Letting others express themselves will improve communication and give you time to think of an answer! ____27____ Asking a question is the best way to start a conversation. And asking open-ended questions can get really interesting responses (回应). Usually, they just help to keep the conversation going. ____28____ A conversation needs at least two people. Everyone involved (参与的) should have the chance to speak, ask questions, listen, and be involved in the conversation. You should learn to listen and speak at the right time. ____29____ If you know who you are going to talk with, you can think about subjects they will be interested in. Then you can spend some time learning a little specific vocabulary related to (与……相关的特别词汇) these subjects. ____30____ There are some subjects you should stay away from especially in business situations or the first time you meet someone. These subjects include the pay, death, religion (宗教), politics (政治), or really personal things. A. Listen carefully B. Avoid unsafe’ subjects C. Ask open-ended questions D. Do research and make preparations E. Learn when to listen and when to speak 【答案】26. A 27. C 28. E 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文给出了对话时一些聊天技巧的建议。 【26题详解】 根据“Try to be a good listener.”可知，这一段讲的是如何倾听。选项A“认真倾听”可作为这一段的标题。故选A。 【27题详解】 根据“Asking a question is the best way to start a conversation. And asking open-ended questions can get really interesting responses”可知，这一段建议要提出开放式问题。选项C“提出开放式问题”可作为这一段标题。故选C。 【28题详解】 根据“A conversation needs at least two people.”“You should learn to listen and speak at the right time.”可知，对话过程既要听，也要说。选项E“学会什么时候听，什么时候说”可作为这一段的标题。故选E。 【29题详解】 根据“If you know who you are going to talk with, you can think about subjects they will be interested in.”可知，这一段说的是要了解和谁交谈，并提前准备。选项D“做好研究和准备”可作为这一段的标题。故选D。 【30题详解】 根据“There are some subjects you should stay away from especially in business situations or the first time you meet someone.”可知，对话中有些话题应该远离。选项B“避免不安全的‘主题’”可作为这一段的标题。故选B。 第二卷 (55分) 四、选词填空 (共10小题，满分10分) 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 light avoid in since therefore breaking tips with if basic humorous community When I was a child, my parents always told me never to talk to strangers. However, ____31____ we didn’t talk with strangers, we’d never make friends. We’d never have the chance to get a job. We’d never enjoy the joy of talking with neighbors in our ____32____. Here, I suggest you follow these ____33____ when you want to talk with strangers. First, try ____34____ the ice. In the UK, the weather is the most common subject. People in England don’t like to talk about heavy subjects. So the weather can be something ____35____ to talk about. In the US, people often say, “Where are you from?” Your answer can be something fun. American people are usually ____36____ and saying something interesting can make others want to listen to you. Second, ____37____ saying something too private. On the one hand, it’s not polite ____38____ any culture. On the other hand, it’s not safe. In the Internet age, it’s dangerous for strangers to know about your ____39____ information like your name, birthday and family. ____40____, don’t talk about personal things too much with strangers. 【答案】31. if 32. community 33. tips 34. breaking 35. light 36. humorous 37. avoid 38. in 39. basic 40. Therefore 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些聊天建议。 【31题详解】 句意：然而，如果我们不与陌生人交谈，我们就永远不会交朋友。根据“we didn’t talk with strangers, we’d never make friends”可知，此处表示假设条件，用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。 【32题详解】 句意：我们永远不会享受与社区邻居交谈的乐趣。根据“with neighbors in our”可知，指与社区邻居交谈。community“社区”。故填community。 【33题详解】 句意：当你想和陌生人交谈时，我建议你遵循这些提示。根据“I suggest you follow these … when you want to talk with strangers.”及下文给出的建议可知，此处指tips“提示”。故填tips。 【34题详解】 句意：首先，试着打破僵局。break the ice“打破僵局”，try doing sth“试着做某事”，此处用break“打破”的动名词形式。故填breaking。 【35题详解】 句意：所以天气可以说是轻松的话题。根据“the weather”可知，天气应是轻松的话题，用light“轻松的，不严肃的”。故填light。 【36题详解】 句意：美国人通常很幽默，说一些有趣的话让别人想听。根据“saying something interesting can make others want to listen to you”可知，美国人是幽默的。humorous“幽默的”。故填humorous。 【37题详解】 句意：第二，不要说太私人的话。根据“On the one hand, it’s not polite … any culture. On the other hand, it’s not safe.”可知，私人话题不礼貌且不安全，所以要避免说太私人的话题。avoid“避免”。故填avoid。 【38题详解】 句意：一方面，这在任何文化中都是不礼貌的。in any culture“在任何文化中”，in“在……中”。故填in。 【39题详解】 句意：在互联网时代，陌生人知道你的名字、生日和家人等基本信息是危险的。根据“information like your name, birthday and family”可知，名字、生日和家人等都是基本信息。basic“基本的”。故填basic。 【40题详解】 句意：因此，不要和陌生人谈太多私事。根据“In the Internet age, it’s dangerous for strangers …birthday and family.”可知，此处总结上文建议，用therefore“因此，所以”，首字母大写。故填Therefore。 五、语法填空 (共10小题，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 One day, the animals in the forest were happy because it was the old tree’s 200th birthday. They would hold a great party for him ____41____ (celebrate) it. Some of the animals were happily ____42____ (make) delicious food like biscuits and cakes. Other animals were preparing gifts for the old tree. ____43____ the fox took the biscuits and ate them. He also took the gifts and opened them. The old tree saw this and said to the fox, “You did something wrong, ____44____ (do) you?” The fox was embarrassed and said nothing. Then he asked the fox why he did this. The fox said ____45____ (shy), “Because I don’t have any friends and nobody invited me to your party.” “Do you know why you don’t have any friends in the forest?” the old tree asked the fox. “Because I am not as strong as the tiger?” the fox felt unsure of ____46____ (he). “No. The reason is that you are not nice ____47____ everyone,” the old tree said. “Try to be much____48____ (friendly) to other animals. I believe all of them will want to be your friends. Oh, I will be your first friend if you do as I say.” The conversation was very ____49____ (help) to the fox. He changed a lot after it. After the fox became friendly to other animals in the forest, they all became the____50____ (fox) friends. They lived together happily. 【答案】41. to celebrate 42. making 43. But 44. didn’t 45. shyly 46. himself 47. to 48. friendlier 49. helpful 50. fox’s 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了森林里的动物们为老树举办200岁生日派对，狐狸因没有朋友且未被邀请而偷吃食物和打开礼物，老树指出狐狸没有朋友是因为他对大家不友好，狐狸听后改变自己，最终与其他动物成为朋友的故事。 【41题详解】 句意：他们将为老树举办一个盛大的派对来庆祝它。根据“They would hold a great party for him...it.”可知，此处表示举办派对的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 【42题详解】 句意：一些动物正在开心地制作美味的食物，比如饼干和蛋糕。根据“Some of the animals were happily...delicious food like biscuits and cakes.”可知，此处表示动物们正在制作食物，应用现在分词与were构成过去进行时。故填making。 【43题详解】 句意：但狐狸拿了饼干并吃了它们。根据“Other animals were preparing gifts for the old tree...the fox took the biscuits and ate them.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接，位于句首首字母大写。故填But。 【44题详解】 句意：你做错了，是吗？根据“You did something wrong...you?”可知，此处为反意疑问句，前句为肯定句，且含有实义动词did，所以后句应用否定形式didn’t。故填didn’t。 【45题详解】 句意：狐狸害羞地说。根据“The fox said...”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词said，shy的副词为shyly。故填shyly。 【46题详解】 句意：狐狸对自己感到不确定。根据“the fox felt unsure of...”可知，此处表示狐狸对自己感到不确定，应用反身代词himself表示“他自己”。故填himself。 【47题详解】 句意：原因是你对每个人都不友好。根据“you are not nice...everyone”可知，此处表示对每个人都不友好，应用介词to表示“对……”。故填to。 【48题详解】 句意：试着对其他动物更友好一些。根据“Try to be much...to other animals.”可知，此处表示对其他动物更友好一些，应用friendly的比较级friendlier。故填friendlier。 【49题详解】 句意：这次谈话对狐狸很有帮助。根据“The conversation was very...to the fox.”可知，此处表示这次谈话对狐狸很有帮助，应用help的形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。 【50题详解】 句意：当狐狸对森林里的其他动物变得友好后，它们都成了狐狸的朋友。根据“they all became the...friends.”可知，此处表示它们都成了狐狸的朋友，应用名词所有格fox’s表示“狐狸的”。故填fox’s。 六、完成以下句子。(7分) 51. 你们上周五参加了运动会，不是吗？ You attended the sports meeting last Friday, ________ ________? 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. you 【解析】 【详解】根据“last Friday”可知，时态是一般过去时；陈述部分是肯定句，疑问部分需用否定式didn’t，主语you“你们”不变。故填didn’t；you。 52. 当你在公共汽车站等车时，应当排队等候。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you are waiting for the bus at the bus stop, you should queue up. 【解析】 【详解】“公共汽车站”表达为“the bus stop”；“等车”表达为“wait for the bus”；“排队等候”表达为“queue up”；“应当”表达为“should”。“当你在公共汽车站等车时”是正在进行的动作，用现在进行时“are waiting”；“应当排队等候”是对该场景下行为的建议，用should+动词原形。故填When you are waiting for the bus at the bus stop, you should queue up. 53. 尽管身患重病，他仍然坚持教学。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although/Though he was seriously ill, he still kept on teaching. 【解析】 【详解】此句是although/though“尽管，虽然”引导的让步状语从句，注意不能与but同时出现。he“他”；be seriously ill“身患重病”；still“仍然”；keep on doing sth“继续/坚持做某事”；teach“教学”。陈述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填Although/Though he was seriously ill, he still kept on teaching. 54. 我们应该避免询问别人的私人信息。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should avoid asking others about their personal information. 【解析】 【详解】“我们”表达为“we”；“应该”表达为“should”；“避免”表达为“avoid”；“别人”表达为“others”；“私人信息”表达为“personal information”；“询问……关于……”表达为“ask...about...”。“should”为情态动词，后接“avoid”原形，“avoid”后接 “asking”动名词形式。故填We should avoid asking others about their personal information. 七、阅读表达 (共5小题，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 There is a cafeteria (自助食堂) in Chen Guixiang’s neighborhood. The 79-year-old woman goes there with her husband almost every day. They don’t need to cook for themselves. “The cafeteria is near our home so we only need to walk for five minutes to get there. And the foods are not expensive and taste great,” Chen said. The cafeteria started up in September, 2022 and has served more than 17,000 people. There are three dishes and a soup for each meal. It costs only about 10 yuan for old people aged 60 and above. Of course, young people can also eat there, but they pay a bit more. “We welcome old people to our cafeteria to eat and spend time with friends. There are some volunteers working here. They may help take meals to disabled people’s homes,” the leader of the cafeteria said. There are also some interesting activities for old people in the cafeteria, such as Chinese calligraphy and painting. They make the old people’s life colorful. The old people enjoy themselves there. Wei Xiaokun, 82, comes here to have dinner. “I enjoy the food here. And I also enjoy exercising or talking with my friends,” Wei said. “I learnt how to use my smart phone and Chinese calligraphy from volunteers.” There are 528 such cafeterias in Fuzhou, serving around 610,000 old people. They are quite convenient for the old people. 55 Why does Chen go to the cafeteria for meals almost every day? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. How much does an old man aged 60 and above need to pay for a meal in the cafeteria? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What can the cafeteria do for disabled people? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What can old people do in the cafeteria besides having meals? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What do you think of the cafeteria? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】55. Because the cafeteria is near her house and the foods are not expensive and taste great. 56. About 10 yuan. 57. The volunteers in the cafeteria can help take meals to disabled people’s homes. 58. They can enjoy some interesting activities like Chinese calligraphy and painting. 59. 开放题，言之有理即可。I think it is useful and popular./I think it’s quite convenient. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了社区的自助食堂。 55题详解】 根据“The cafeteria is near our home so we only need to walk for five minutes to get there. And the foods are not expensive and taste great”可知自助餐厅离家很近，而且食物不贵，味道也很好。故填Because the cafeteria is near her house and the foods are not expensive and taste great. 【56题详解】 根据“It costs only about 10 yuan for old people aged 60 and above.”可知只需要10元左右。故填About 10 yuan. 【57题详解】 根据“There are some volunteers working here. They may help take meals to disabled people’s homes”可知志愿者他们会帮忙把饭送到残疾人家里。故填The volunteers in the cafeteria can help take meals to disabled people’s homes. 【58题详解】 根据“There are also some interesting activities for old people in the cafeteria, such as Chinese calligraphy and painting.”可知自助餐厅里还有一些为老年人准备的有趣活动，比如中国书法和绘画。故填They can enjoy some interesting activities like Chinese calligraphy and painting. 【59题详解】 开放题，言之有理即可。故填I think it is useful and popular./I think it’s quite convenient. 八、书面表达 (共1小题，满分18分) 60. 假如你是李华，你的好友Jim正在学习汉语，最近他了解到了“寒暄”这种说法，他认为这是与他人沟通的一种很好的方式。昨天Jim向你发来邮件请教中国人如何开始寒暄以及在寒暄时的谈话内容等。请你给Jim回信，通过以下提示及自身的生活经验向他进行说明。 Relations: neighbors, colleagues (同事), even strangers Questions: Have you eaten yet? What are you busy with these days? Topic: family, study, work, health Meaning: become closer; pass time; … 写作要求： 1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅； 3. 100词左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Jim, How are you? You asked me about the Chinese “small talk” in your e-mail yesterday. Now let me tell you something about it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Jim, How are you? You asked me about the Chinese “small talk” in your e-mail yesterday. Now let me tell you something about it. In China, we often start small talk with different people—like neighbors when we meet in the community, colleagues at the office, or even strangers we run into, such as in a supermarket. Common opening questions are “Have you eaten yet?” or “What are you busy with these days?” These aren’t real requests for answers but warm ways to break the ice. The topics usually stay light, like talking about family (how kids are doing), study (schoolwork for students), work (daily tasks), or health (if someone’s been feeling well). The point of small talk is to get closer to each other and make boring waits (like in lines) more pleasant by passing time. It’s all about being friendly! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：向朋友介绍中国人进行“寒暄”的对象、常用开场问题、谈话话题及寒暄的意义，结合生活场景补充细节，满足交流需求。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头回应朋友邮件中的疑问，点明回信主题是介绍中国“寒暄”，自然开启正文； 第二步，先说明寒暄的对象（邻居、同事、陌生人及对应场景），再列举常用开场问题并解释其本质是破冰而非真求答案，接着介绍寒暄的常见话题，最后阐述寒暄的意义（拉近距离、打发时间）； 第三步，结尾用“It’s all about being friendly!”简洁总结寒暄的核心，让朋友更易理解，符合书信轻松交流的风格。 [亮点词汇] ①small talk寒暄 ②break the ice破冰 ③light轻松的 ④pleasant愉快的 [高分句型] In China, we often start small talk with different people—like neighbors when we meet in the community, colleagues at the office, or even strangers we run into, such as in a supermarket.（并列结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $