语法填空10篇（深圳第一次月考复习专用）-2025-2026学年八年级上册册 英语 仿真模拟梯度特训 重难点突破 满分冲刺(沪教版2024)

考前特训 短文语法填空 仿真模拟 考前特训（沪教版2024） 2025-2026学年八年级上册 月考满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 夯实基础5篇 能力提升5篇 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 Passage 1 Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia. Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he 2 (show) great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 3 (paint) are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had 4 (much) inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as 6 (small) as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some 7 (can) even fly. Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked 8 (eat) meat. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody 9 (know) why. However, we can learn about them from 10 (they) fossils. 【答案】 1. scientist 2. showed 3. paintings 4. many 5. interesting 6. small 7. could 8. to eat 9. knows 10. their 【导语】本文主要介绍了一本百科全书的两篇文章。 1. 句意：多·达·芬奇是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。根据“painter, inventor, musician, engineer and…”可知，画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师这些都是职业，“科学家”是scientist，是名词。故填scientist。 2. 句意：从很小的时候，他就表现出了巨大的智慧和艺术才能。根据“From an early age”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。show的过去式是showed。故填showed。 3. 句意：他的画非常有名，其中一幅《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画。根据“the Mona Lisa”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是作品。本句表达的应是：他的画非常有名。“画、作品”可译为painting，是可数名词，此处需用名词的复数paintings。故填paintings。 4. 句意：他也有许多发明。根据“inventions”可知，它是可数名词复数，需用many来修饰。故填many。 5. 句意：例如，他的笔记本上有一些有趣的飞行器图。根据“his notebooks include some…(interest) drawings of flying machines”可知，此处缺形容词，并且它是修饰物“drawings”，需用形容词“令人感兴趣的”interesting。故填interesting。 6. 句意：有些恐龙像鸡一样小。本题考查短语：as+形容词原级+as。“small”小的，是形容词。故填small。 7. 句意：有些甚至会飞。根据“Some…(can) even fly. ”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，“can”能，它的过去式是could。故填could。 8. 句意：然而，有些恐龙喜欢吃肉。根据“some dinosaurs liked…(eat) meat.”可知，本题考查短语“喜欢做某事”like to do sth，表示偶尔喜欢做某事。故填to eat。 9. 句意：没人知道原因。根据“Nobody…(know) why.”可知，本句的动词表示状态，时态需用一般现在时。主语是Nobody，不定代词作主语，谓语动词需用单数。故填knows。 10. 句意：然而，我们可以从它们的化石中了解它们。根据“However, we can learn about them from…(they) fossils.”可知，此空缺的是形容词性的物主代词，修饰其后的名词fossils。故填their。 Passage 2 The giant panda is a national treasure of China. It is famous 1 a living fossil. Most pandas have black-and-white fur. They look very cute and have higher 2 (intelligent) than many animals. They can follow the zookeepers’ 3 (instruction) without difficulty. That’s why almost everyone 4 (like) them. Giant pandas love eating bamboo best. But they also enjoy other food, including birds, fish 5 some small animals. A panda at 6 (born) only weighs about 120 grams, while a grown-up panda’s weight can rise up to about 120 kilograms. Wild giant pandas live in cool and wet bamboo forests of central and western China, high up in the mountains. They show great ability to climb trees from 7 early age. The living giant panda was 8 (one) found in Sichuan by a Frenchman. Because giant pandas were in danger of 9 (die) out, they were on the list of the endangered species. Luckily, in 2016, 10 (science) changed the level of giant pandas on the list. It’s China’s success in rebuilding bamboo forests. 【答案】 1. as 2. intelligence 3. instructions 4. likes 5. and 6. birth 7. an 8. first 9. dying 10. scientists 【导语】本文主要介绍了大熊猫。 1. 句意：大熊猫作为活化石而闻名。根据“The giant panda is a national treasure of China. It is famous … a living fossil.”可知，大熊猫作为活化石而闻名，be famous as意为“作为……而闻名”。故填as。 2. 句意：它们看起来很可爱，而且有比很多动物更高的智力。根据“have higher”结合提示词可知，此处应用intelligence“智力”，名词作宾语。故填intelligence。 3. 句意：它们可以毫无困难地听从动物园管理员的指示。instruction意为“指示”，可数名词，此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填instructions。 4. 句意：这就是为什么几乎每个人都喜欢它们。此句时态为一般现在时，主语everyone为不定代词，因此动词应用三单形式。故填likes。 5. 句意：但它们也喜欢其他食物，包括鸟类、鱼类和一些小动物。根据“birds, fish … some small animals”可知，此处表示并列关系，因此应用and“和”。故填and。 6. 句意：一只熊猫出生时只有大约120克重，而一只成年熊猫的体重可达约120千克。at birth意为“在出生时”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填birth。 7. 句意：他们从小就展现出了出色的攀树能力。from an early age意为“从很小的时候”，符合语境。故填an。 8. 句意：这只活体大熊猫是法国人首次在四川发现的。根据“The living giant panda was … found in Sichuan”结合语境可知，此处指最先被发现，应用first。故填first。 9. 句意：由于大熊猫有灭绝的危险，它们被列入濒危物种的名单。of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填dying。 10. 句意：幸运的是，2016年，科学家们改变了大熊猫在名单中的等级。根据语境可知，此处表示“科学家”，空前无限定词，因此应用名词复数形式。故填scientists。 Passage 3 语法填空。 Hemingway is one of the most famous writers and reporters in the 1 (twenty) century in the world. He was born on July 21, 1899 and 2 (die) on July 2, 1961. When he was a small child, his mother taught him and her other children music and creativity by 3 (take) them to concerts, museums and theatres. And his father 4 (teach) them to love nature and how 5 (cook) in the open air and other life skills. In 1917, Hemingway finished high school and then worked as 6 reporter. During World War I, he went to France, Italy and Spain. He fought in World War I and then moved to Cuba. Later, Cuba 7 (drive) him out of the country. He had to go back to Idaho, the USA．There he had many health problems. And in 1961 he killed 8 (him) with a gun in his own house. In his amazing life, Hemingway wrote lots of famous books. Most of them 9 (be) still popular now. The Old Man and the Sea helped him win the Pulitzer Prizes (普利策奖) in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His other famous 10 (work) include The Sun Also Rises (《太阳照常升起》), A Farewell to Arms (《永别了，武器》) and so on. 【答案】 1. twentieth 2. died 3. taking 4. taught 5. to cook 6. a 7. drove 8. himself 9. are 10. works 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名作家海明威的生平事迹及其文学成就。 1. 句意：海明威是20世纪世界上最著名的作家和记者之一。设空处需填入“twenty”的序数词形式，表示“第20世纪”。故填twentieth。 2. 句意：他出生于1899年7月21日，于1961年7月2日去世。根据“on July 2, 1961.”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填died。 3. 句意：当他还是一个小孩子时，他的母亲通过带他们去音乐会、博物馆和剧院来教授他和她的其他孩子音乐和创造力。by是介词，后跟动名词形式。故填taking。 4. 句意：他的父亲教他们热爱自然，并教他们如何在户外烹饪及其他生活技能。此处是描述过去的事情，需用一般过去时。故填taught。 5. 句意：他的父亲教他们热爱自然，并教他们如何在户外烹饪及其他生活技能。此处用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，how to cook表示“如何烹饪”。故填to cook。 6. 句意：1917年，海明威完成了高中学业，之后担任记者。此处泛指一名记者，且reporter是辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故填a。 7. 句意：后来，古巴将他驱逐出境。此处描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填drove。 8. 句意：1961年，他在家中用枪结束了自己的生命。kill oneself“自杀”，空处用反身代词himself。故填himself。 9. 句意：它们大多数至今仍受欢迎。根据“now”可知，时态用一般现在时，主语是复数，be用are。故填are。 10. 句意：他的其他著名作品包括《太阳照常升起》、《永别了，武器》等。根据“include”可知，空处用名词复数作主语。故填works。 Passage 4 语法填空 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 【答案】 1. knowledge 2. them 3. in 4. countries 5. traditional 6. is discovered 7. will appear 8. carefully 9. to check 10. amazing 【导语】本文介绍了在线百科全书的特点和优势，强调了它们能快速更新信息，但同时提醒用户在使用时需谨慎核实内容的准确性。 1. 句意：在线百科全书就像互联网上无尽的装满知识的宝盒。根据“filled with”可知，with是介词，后应接名词；know“知道”，其名词为knowledge“知识”，不可数。故填knowledge。 2. 句意：无论你在哪里，只要你有一台电脑、平板电脑或智能手机，你就可以打开它们，探索广阔的信息世界。空前的open是动词，后接人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。故填them。 3. 句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。此处指历史上的伟大领袖，in history表示“历史上”。故填in。 4. 句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。根据空前的different可知，空处应是可数名词country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 5. 句意：与需要很长时间修改和出版新版本的传统书籍不同，在线百科全书上的信息每天都在变化。修饰名词books应用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 6. 句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“ a new planet ... in space”可知，新行星是在太空中“被发现”，再根据“is released”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语“a new planet”为单数，be动词用is。故填is discovered。 7. 句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“soon”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will appear。 8. 句意：然而，我们必须谨慎地使用在线百科全书。修饰动词use，应用careful的副词carefully。故填carefully。 9. 句意：所以，如果你使用在线百科全书的信息来做家庭作业或研究，重要的是要与其他可信的资源核对，比如学校书籍或政府网站。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”，空处应用不定式。故填to check。 10. 句意：总而言之，在线百科全书是令人惊奇的工具。根据“online encyclopedias are ... tools.”可知，修饰物应用-ing结尾的形容词，amazing“令人惊奇的”符合语境。故填amazing。 Passage 5 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 【答案】 1. the greatest 2. lived 3. a 4. to help 5. studying 6. first 7. if 8. students 9. than 10. us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国古代伟大的教育家孔子。 1. 句意：孔子是中国历史上最伟大的老师。根据空格后比较范围“in Chinese history”可知使用最高级，形容词最高级前用the，great的最高级是greatest。故填the greatest。 2. 句意：尽管他生活在2000多年前，但人们仍然记得并尊重他对当今教育的贡献。根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知此句时态为一般过去时，live“生活，居住”的过去式是lived。故填lived。 3. 句意：他有一个艰苦的童年。根据“hard”是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，have a hard childhood“童年生活很艰苦”，故填a。 4. 句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。此句谓语是“had to work”，后面再跟动词一般使用动词不定式，此句是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 5. 句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，give up“放弃，认输”，及物动词，后面跟动名词作宾语，study“学习”，动名词是studying。故填studying。 6. 句意：后来，他成为一名教师，开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。此空格处表示顺序，应用序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。 7. 句意：当时，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为每个人都应该上学，如果他们想学习。根据“… everyone should go to school…they wanted to learn.”可知，前句是在后句的条件下出现的结果，后句表示条件，应用if引导此条件状语从句。故填if。 8. 句意：他一生中有大约3000名学生。根据空格前数词“about 3,000”可知，空格处用名词复数。故填students。 9. 句意：当我和三个人在一起时，其中一个人在某些方面一定比我强。根据比较级“better”和空格后比较对象“me”可知用介词than。故填than。 10. 句意：他还告诉我们，思考在学习中非常重要。空格处作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，we“我们”，宾格形式是us。故填us。 Passage 6 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! 【答案】 1. musicians 2. playing 3. himself 4. surprised 5. from 6. a 7. gave 8. twenties 9. because 10. to learn 【导语】本文主要介绍了朗朗的情况。 1. 句意：他是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。根据“He is one of the most famous”可知，此处是one of the+最高级+复数名词“最……之一”，是固定结构，故填musicians。 2. 句意：从那时起，他就喜欢弹他父亲的旧钢琴。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故填playing。 3. 句意：不久，他就能自己弹一支短曲子了。根据“Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by”可知，此处是短语by oneself“独自地”，故填himself。 4. 句意：他的父亲非常惊讶，开始让他上钢琴课。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人用ed形容词，故填surprised。 5. 句意：三岁时，郎朗师从著名音乐老师朱亚芬学习钢琴。learn from“向……学习”，是固定短语，故填from。 6. 句意：两年后，他第一次参加比赛并获得了一等奖。空处修饰单数名词“competition”，表示泛指用不定冠词，辅音音素开头的单词用a修饰，故填a。 7. 句意：在那之后，他举办了有生以来的第一场音乐会。介绍过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填gave。 8. 句意：20多岁时，奥巴马邀请他在白宫弹钢琴。此处是结构“in one’s+基数词的复数形式”，表示不确定年龄，故填twenties。 9. 句意：我选择这首歌是因为我爱中国。空格前后是因果关系，后句是原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 10. 句意：更重要的是，郎朗鼓励数百万年轻人学习古典音乐！encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定短语，故填to learn。 Passage 7 根据短文内容，在空白处填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 In a middle school cafeteria (餐厅) in China, there are many banners (条幅) on the wall. One banner reads: “Who knows that each bowl of rice is the fruit of hard toil? (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。)” Another says: “Clear 1 (you) plate; refuse to waste food.” These banners are part of 2 activity in our country to cut down on food waste. A 3 (work) in the cafeteria said that they used to waste 100 kilograms of food every day, 4 this number dropped by 75 percent, because the school asked students 5 (take) just as much food as they need. Many restaurants in China also join in. They encourage people to order meals with the “N-1” formula (公式). “N” 6 (stand) for the number of people at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five 7 (dish). Then people can finish their meals. If they 8 (real) can’t finish the food, they should take the leftovers (剩菜) home. In fact, food waste is a big problem 9 the world. The UN says there are 820 million people around the world who don’t have enough food to eat. By 10 (cut) down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of many hungry people. 【答案】 1. your 2. an 3. worker 4. but 5. to take 6. stands 7. dishes 8. really 9. around/in 10. cutting 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国中学食堂和餐馆中减少食物浪费的具体做法，以及全球食物浪费的现状，呼吁人们关注并采取措施减少食物浪费，以帮助解决饥饿问题。 1. 句意：光盘行动，拒绝浪费食物。根据空后名词“plate”可知，此处是指你的盘子，应用人称代词you的形容词性物主代词your“你的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“plate”。故填your。 2. 句意：这些横幅是我国开展减少食物浪费活动的一部分。根据空后“activity in our country”可知，此处是指国家的一个活动，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“activity”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰。故填an。 3. 句意：食堂的一位工作人员说，他们以前每天浪费100公斤的食物，但这一数字已经下降了75%，因为学校要求学生只拿自己需要的食物。根据“A … in the cafeteria”可知，此处是指餐厅的一位工作人员，应用动词work的名词形式worker“工人”，空前有不定冠词“A”，这里名词应用单数形式。故填worker。 4. 句意：食堂的一位工作人员说，他们以前每天浪费100公斤的食物，但这一数字已经下降了75%，因为学校要求学生只拿自己需要的食物。“waste 100 kilograms of food every day”和“this number dropped by 75 percent”之间为转折关系，应用but连接句子。故填but。 5. 句意：食堂的一位工作人员说，他们以前每天浪费100公斤的食物，但这一数字已经下降了75%，因为学校要求学生只拿自己需要的食物。根据空前“asked students”可知，此处考查ask sb. to do sth.“叫某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to take。故填to take。 6. 句意：“N”代表一桌吃饭的人数。分析句子结构可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“N”为第三人称单数，谓语动词stand应用三单形式stands。故填stands。 7. 句意：所以，如果你的桌子上有六个人，你应该只点五道菜。空前有基数词five“五”，此处名词dish“一道菜；菜肴”应用复数形式dishes。故填dishes。 8. 句意：如果他们真的吃不完，就应该把剩饭剩菜带回家。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词real的副词形式really“的确，真的”，在句中作状语，修饰“can’t finish”。故填really。 9. 句意：事实上，食物浪费是全球的一个大问题。根据上文“they used to waste 100 kilograms of food every day”可知，一家学校食堂过去每天浪费100公斤食物，可见食物浪费是全世界的问题；考查in the world“在世界上”，介词短语；也可以用around the world“世界各地”，介词短语。故填around/in。 10. 句意：通过减少食物浪费，我们可以帮助把食物放在许多饥饿的人的空盘子里。根据空前介词“By”可知，这里应用动词cut的动名词形式cutting。故填cutting。 Passage 8 You might think the 4G mobile connection on your phone is quite fast. H 1 , an even faster and stronger technology is just around the corner. 5G networks will i 2 us to a new world. What is 5G? It’s the newest generation of cellular network technology. It works by u 3 a wider range of the radio spectrum(射频频谱), allowing a greater number of signals(信号) to be sent and received at higher speeds. People will be a 4 to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before. 5G will increase download speeds to up to 20 Gb per second — much faster than 4G’s 1 Gb per second. That m 5 a movie can be downloaded in just a few seconds! Most importantly, 5G’s greater network capacity(容量) shows that we can connect not j 6 people to people, but also people to machines, or to just about anything. For example, the lights in your living room, the fridge in your kitchen — all of them can be controlled w 7 your phone. Outside of the home, factory owners can use it to control their robots. F 8 could use it to follow “smart” tractors on their farms. Wearable devices(设备) could send updates to your doctor about changes of your h 9 . Driverless cars and home delivery drone(送货无人机) will depend on 5G to work b 10 . A completely wireless(无线的) world is at our doorstep. 【答案】 1. However 2. introduce 3. using 4. able 5. means 6. just 7. with 8. Famers 9. health 10. better 【分析】文章介绍的是5G网络的出现给人们的生活带来的改变以及具体表现在哪些方面。 1. 句意：你可能认为你手机上的4G移动连接相当快了。然而, 一个更强大的技术即将来临。 根据文中You might think the 4G mobile connection on your phone is quite fast. 与an even faster and stronger technology is just around the corner.可知，两者是转折关系，且所填的词前后都与句子隔开，所以这里应该填however，故答案为However。 2. 句意：5G网络将把我们带到一个全新的世界。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“把……引入……”，英语是introduce … to，空格前有will，是一般将来时的结构，所以空格应该用动词原形，故答案为introduce。 3. 句意：5G是通过使用一个更加宽的射频频谱来工作的。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“使用”，英语是use，而空格是放在介词by后面，所以这里应该用ing形式，故答案为using。 4. 句意：人们将能够以比以前更快的速度使用互联网。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“能够”，英语是can或者be able to，再由句中结构可知这里应该用be able to的形式，空格处缺的是able，故答案为able。 5. 句意：这意味着电影可以在几秒钟内下载！ 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“意思是”，英语是mean，而句子主语是that，是单数形式，所以动词要用三单形式，故答案为means。 6. 句意：我们不仅可以连接人与人。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“仅仅”，英语是just，是一个副词，在句中修饰动词，所以应该填just，故答案为just。 7. 句意：所有这些都可以用手机控制。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“用手机”，英语中表达“用某种工具”时要用介词with，所以这里应该用with，故答案为with。 8. 句意：农民可以用它来跟踪他们农场上的“智能”拖拉机。 根据句意理解及后句follow “smart” tractors on their farms可知，这里指的应该是“农民”，英语是farmer，是一个可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为farmers。 9. 句意：可穿戴设备可以向医生发送有关您健康状况变化的最新信息。 根据句意理解及前句send updates to your doctor about changes of your可知，这里指的是“健康”，空格前面有your修饰，所以空格应该用名词，故答案为health。 10. 句意：无人驾驶汽车和家庭送货无人机将依靠5G来更好地工作。 根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“更好的工作”，空格修饰的是动词work，所以应该用副词well，且句中隐含着比较级，所以这里应该用副词的比较级，故答案为better。 Passage 9 Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom! Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.” Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no. Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together. 【答案】 1. at 2. The 3. to help 4. his 5. friendly 6. ability 7. talking 8. checked 9. correctly 10. because 【导语】本文主要讲述了数学侦探为数学王国找回丢失的数字的故事。 1. 句意：他非常擅长解决数学问题，并且喜欢帮助人们进行计算。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”为固定用法，故填at。 2. 句意：信中说，王国中有个数字失踪了。上句提到“he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom”，此处特指那封信，应用定冠词the修饰；空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。 3. 句意：国王请求数学侦探帮助他的王国！ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”为固定结构，故填to help。 4. 句意：数学侦探收拾好他的笔记本和铅笔，然后出发了。空处修饰其后的名词notebook and pencil，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。 5. 句意：他很快就抵达了数学王国，一个充满五彩数字和友好数学符号的地方。此处应用名词friend的形容词形式friendly（友好的）来修饰后面的maths symbols。故填friendly。 6. 句意：我知道你有能力解决这个案子。have the ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”为固定用法，故此处填able的名词形式ability。 7. 句意：数学侦探通过与数字和符号交谈开始了调查。空处位于介词by后，应用动名词形式。故填talking。 8. 句意：然后数学侦探检查了王国里的所有计算。通读全文可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应填动词的过去式。故填checked。 9. 句意：在正确解出许多数学题和谜题后，数学侦探最终发现缺失的数字是5。此处修饰动词短语work out，应用correct的副词形式correctly，表示“正确地”。故填correctly。 10. 句意：0拿走了缺失的数字，因为他想成为数学王国中唯一的数字。空处前后内容存在因果关系，且空后表示原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 Passage 10 Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was 2 (extreme) intelligent, and he was unusually talented in many different fields. He was a true genius, and his paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From an early age, he 3 (show) great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 4 (paint) are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs are 6 type of prehistoric animal. They are 7 (relate) to crocodiles, snakes and lizards. They are also the ancestors of today’s birds. Dinosaurs first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from two Greek words, and it means “terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 8 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. Dinosaurs came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died 9 . Scientists are not completely sure why. However, they are learning more and more about dinosaurs by 10 (study) their fossils. 【答案】 1. scientist 2. extremely 3. showed 4. paintings 5. interesting 6. a 7. related 8. or 9. out 10. studying 【导语】本文主要介绍了一本百科全书的两篇文章，一篇是关于莱昂纳多·达·芬奇，另一篇是关于恐龙的。 1. 句意：莱昂纳多·达·芬奇是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。根据“painter, inventor, musician, engineer and…”可知，画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师这些都是职业，“科学家”是scientist，是名词。故填scientist。 2. 句意：达芬奇是极其聪明的，他在许多不同的领域都有非凡的才能。 此处需要填入一个副词，修饰形容词intelligent，extreme的副词是extremely。故填extremely。 3. 句意：从很小的时候，他就表现出了巨大的智慧和艺术才能。根据“From an early age”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。show的过去式是showed。故填showed。 4. 句意：他的画非常有名，其中一幅《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画。根据“the Mona Lisa”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是作品。本句表达的应是：他的画非常有名。“画、作品”可译为painting，是可数名词，此处需用名词的复数paintings。故填paintings。 5. 句意：例如，他的笔记本上有一些有趣的飞行器图。根据“his notebooks include some…(interest) drawings of flying machines”可知，此处缺形容词，并且它是修饰物“drawings”，需用形容词“令人感兴趣的”interesting。故填interesting。 6. 句意：恐龙是一种史前动物。“a type of”表示“一种”，这里是说恐龙是一种史前动物，故填a。 7. 句意：恐龙和恐龙与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴属于同一物种。“be related to”是固定搭配，表示“与……属于同一种类”，这里是说恐龙与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴属于同一物种，故填related。 8. 句意：恐龙在陆地上行走，要么用两条腿要么用四条腿“either...or...”是固定搭配，表示“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，故填or。 9. 句意：大约6600万年前恐龙突然灭绝了。“die out”表示“灭绝”，故填out。 10. 然而，他们正在通过研究他们的化石来了解更多关于恐龙的知识。“by”是介词，后接动词的-ing形式，故填studying。 3 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 短文语法填空 仿真模拟 考前特训（沪教版2024） 2025-2026学年八年级上册 月考满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 夯实基础5篇 能力提升5篇 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 Passage 1 Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia. Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he 2 (show) great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 3 (paint) are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had 4 (much) inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as 6 (small) as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some 7 (can) even fly. Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked 8 (eat) meat. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody 9 (know) why. However, we can learn about them from 10 (they) fossils. Passage 2 The giant panda is a national treasure of China. It is famous 1 a living fossil. Most pandas have black-and-white fur. They look very cute and have higher 2 (intelligent) than many animals. They can follow the zookeepers’ 3 (instruction) without difficulty. That’s why almost everyone 4 (like) them. Giant pandas love eating bamboo best. But they also enjoy other food, including birds, fish 5 some small animals. A panda at 6 (born) only weighs about 120 grams, while a grown-up panda’s weight can rise up to about 120 kilograms. Wild giant pandas live in cool and wet bamboo forests of central and western China, high up in the mountains. They show great ability to climb trees from 7 early age. The living giant panda was 8 (one) found in Sichuan by a Frenchman. Because giant pandas were in danger of 9 (die) out, they were on the list of the endangered species. Luckily, in 2016, 10 (science) changed the level of giant pandas on the list. It’s China’s success in rebuilding bamboo forests. Passage 3 语法填空。 Hemingway is one of the most famous writers and reporters in the 1 (twenty) century in the world. He was born on July 21, 1899 and 2 (die) on July 2, 1961. When he was a small child, his mother taught him and her other children music and creativity by 3 (take) them to concerts, museums and theatres. And his father 4 (teach) them to love nature and how 5 (cook) in the open air and other life skills. In 1917, Hemingway finished high school and then worked as 6 reporter. During World War I, he went to France, Italy and Spain. He fought in World War I and then moved to Cuba. Later, Cuba 7 (drive) him out of the country. He had to go back to Idaho, the USA．There he had many health problems. And in 1961 he killed 8 (him) with a gun in his own house. In his amazing life, Hemingway wrote lots of famous books. Most of them 9 (be) still popular now. The Old Man and the Sea helped him win the Pulitzer Prizes (普利策奖) in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His other famous 10 (work) include The Sun Also Rises (《太阳照常升起》), A Farewell to Arms (《永别了，武器》) and so on. Passage 4 语法填空 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. Passage 5 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Passage 6 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! Passage 7 根据短文内容，在空白处填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 In a middle school cafeteria (餐厅) in China, there are many banners (条幅) on the wall. One banner reads: “Who knows that each bowl of rice is the fruit of hard toil? (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。)” Another says: “Clear 1 (you) plate; refuse to waste food.” These banners are part of 2 activity in our country to cut down on food waste. A 3 (work) in the cafeteria said that they used to waste 100 kilograms of food every day, 4 this number dropped by 75 percent, because the school asked students 5 (take) just as much food as they need. Many restaurants in China also join in. They encourage people to order meals with the “N-1” formula (公式). “N” 6 (stand) for the number of people at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five 7 (dish). Then people can finish their meals. If they 8 (real) can’t finish the food, they should take the leftovers (剩菜) home. In fact, food waste is a big problem 9 the world. The UN says there are 820 million people around the world who don’t have enough food to eat. By 10 (cut) down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of many hungry people. Passage 8 You might think the 4G mobile connection on your phone is quite fast. H 1 , an even faster and stronger technology is just around the corner. 5G networks will i 2 us to a new world. What is 5G? It’s the newest generation of cellular network technology. It works by u 3 a wider range of the radio spectrum(射频频谱), allowing a greater number of signals(信号) to be sent and received at higher speeds. People will be a 4 to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before. 5G will increase download speeds to up to 20 Gb per second — much faster than 4G’s 1 Gb per second. That m 5 a movie can be downloaded in just a few seconds! Most importantly, 5G’s greater network capacity(容量) shows that we can connect not j 6 people to people, but also people to machines, or to just about anything. For example, the lights in your living room, the fridge in your kitchen — all of them can be controlled w 7 your phone. Outside of the home, factory owners can use it to control their robots. F 8 could use it to follow “smart” tractors on their farms. Wearable devices(设备) could send updates to your doctor about changes of your h 9 . Driverless cars and home delivery drone(送货无人机) will depend on 5G to work b 10 . A completely wireless(无线的) world is at our doorstep. Passage 9 Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom! Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.” Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no. Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together. Passage 10 Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was 2 (extreme) intelligent, and he was unusually talented in many different fields. He was a true genius, and his paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From an early age, he 3 (show) great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 4 (paint) are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs are 6 type of prehistoric animal. They are 7 (relate) to crocodiles, snakes and lizards. They are also the ancestors of today’s birds. Dinosaurs first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from two Greek words, and it means “terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 8 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. Dinosaurs came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died 9 . Scientists are not completely sure why. However, they are learning more and more about dinosaurs by 10 (study) their fossils. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $