Unit1 Section B（1a-1b)知识点汇总 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit1 Happy Holiday Section B(1a-1b)知识点汇总 一、旅行地点相关 1. 广场与几何相关 square:作名词,有“广场”(There is a large square in our city. 我们城市里有一个大广场。)和“正方形”(First break the chocolate into squares. 首先把巧克力掰成方块。)之意;作形容词,表“正方形的”(The window is square. 这扇窗户是正方形的。)、“平方的”(The room is about 20 square metres. 这个房间约有20平方米。)。 Red Square:红场,俄罗斯莫斯科著名地标,周边汇聚众多历史建筑与文化景点,每年吸引大量游客前往参观。 2. 乡村与城市对比 countryside:意为“乡村;农村”,短语“in the countryside”表示“在乡村”(I spent my childhood in the countryside. 我在乡村度过了我的童年。);与之对应的城市相关表达可结合“big city”(I live in a big city, so everything there seemed so different. 我生活在一个大城市,所以那里的一切看起来都那么不同。),体现城乡差异。 二、旅行时间表达 1. 时间段内的活动 during:介词,“在……期间”,后接时间段(During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. 在这周期间,我们可以从学校图书馆借更多的书。She likes living in Qingdao during the summer. 她喜欢夏天住在青岛。)。 noon:名词“正午;中午”,“at noon”表示“在中午”(Do you have a short rest at noon? 你中午休息一小会儿吗?)。 三、旅行感受与描述 1. 情绪类形容词 excited:“激动的;兴奋的”,描述人的感受,作表语。常用短语:“be excited about”(I’m very excited about going to the movies. 要去看电影,我非常兴奋。)、“be excited to do sth”(They are excited to play football this afternoon. 他们很兴奋今天下午能去踢足球。)。 exciting:“令人激动的;令人兴奋的”,描述事物本身特征(It’s an exciting movie. 它是一部激动人心的电影。)。 surprised:“惊奇的;惊讶的”,主语为人,作表语。短语:“be surprised at sth”(I was really surprised at his sudden decision. 我对他突然做出的决定感到很惊讶。)、“be surprised to do sth”(She was surprised to see her old friend in the supermarket. 她对在超市里见到老朋友感到很惊讶。)。 surprising:“令人惊讶的;出人意料的”,描述事物特质(They gave us some surprising news. 他们给我们带来一些令人惊讶的消息。The result of the experiment is very surprising. 实验的结果非常令人惊讶。)。 2. 其他感受表达 sick:“恶心的;生病的”,“恶心的”时一般不作定语(I want to get off the bus. I feel a little sick. 我想下公共汽车。我感到有点儿恶心。);“生病的”时可作表语或定语(I didn't go to school yesterday because I was sick/ill. 昨天我没去上学,因为我病了。)。 四、旅行中的活动与行为 1. 寻找与发现 look for:“寻找”,强调动作过程(I'm looking for my keys. I can't find them anywhere. 我正在找我的钥匙,到处都找不到。);find:“找到;发现”,强调结果(Finally, they found the lost child in the park. 最后,他们在公园里找到了那个走失的孩子。)。 2. 希望与愿望 hope:“希望”,“hope to do sth”(They hope to buy a new house in the city. 他们希望在这个城市买一套新房子。)、“hope + that 从句”(We hope that we can see you again. 我们希望能再次见到你。),无“hope sb to do sth”结构。 wish:“希望”,“wish to do sth”(I wish to improve my English speaking skills. 我希望提高我的英语口语能力。)、“wish + that 从句”(I wish that I could fly like a bird! 我希望我能像鸟儿一样飞翔!)、“wish sb to do sth”(My aunt wishes us to visit her often. 我姑姑希望我们能经常去看望她。)。 3. 使役动作 make:使役动词,“make sb/sth do sth”(My mother makes me clean my room every weekend. 我妈妈让我每个周末打扫我的房间。)、“make sb/sth + 形容词”(The hard work made him tired. 繁重的工作让他疲惫。)、“make sb/sth + 名词”(His parents want to make him a doctor. 他的父母想让他成为一名医生。)。 4. 战斗与对抗 fight:作名词“战斗;搏斗;斗争”(常与“against/with”连用);作动词“打仗;打架”(过去式“fought”)。短语:“fight against”(The doctors fight against diseases every day. 医生每天都与疾病作斗争。)、“fight with sb”(My mother tells me not to fight with others. 我妈妈告诉我不要和别人打架。)、“fight for”(They fight for peace. 他们为和平而战。)。 5. 方位与动作 against:介词,“反对;与……相反;逆着”(We are sailing against the wind. 我们正逆风航行。)、“紧靠;倚;碰;撞”(The girl is sitting against the wall. 这个女孩正靠墙坐着。Tom hit his head against a tree in the dark. 黑暗中汤姆的头撞到了一棵树上。)。 turn around:“转身;翻转”(She turned around when she heard her name. 当她听到她的名字时,她转过身来。I turned my chair around to face the fire. 我把椅子转过来面向火炉。)。 fall down:“掉落;跌落;摔倒;倒塌”(He fell down from his bike yesterday. 昨天他从自行车上摔了下来。The old man fell down on the road and hurt his leg. 那位老人在路上摔倒了,伤到了腿。)。相关短语:“fall into”(落入)、“fall over”(跌倒)、“fall behind”(落后)、“fall asleep”(入睡)、“fall in love with”(爱上)。 五、旅行中的见闻描述 1. 时间状语从句引导词 as:连词,“当……时”,强调主从句动作/状态同时发生(As we walked through the halls, the tour guide told us stories about the war. 穿过大厅时,导游给我们讲了有关战争的故事。As I waited at the bus stop, I heard a big noise. 当我在公共汽车站等车时,我听到一声巨响。She sang as she walked on the road. 她在路上边唱歌边散步。)。 2. “穿过”相关介词 through:“(从内部)穿过”(The sunlight shines through the window. 阳光透过窗户射进来。)。 over:“(从上方)越过”(A plane flew over the mountain. 一架飞机飞过了那座山。)。 across:“(从表面)横过;从一边到另一边”(The old man slowly walked across the bridge. 那位老人慢慢地走过了桥。)。 past:“(从旁边)经过”(The car drove past us quickly. 汽车快速地从我们身边开了过去。)。 3. 复合结构作定语 with 复合结构:“with + 名词 + v ing/介词短语等”作后置定语(The painting with a woman sitting by the window is very beautiful. 这幅画着一个坐在窗边的女人的画非常美。The girl with a book in her hand is my classmate. 手里拿着一本书的那个女孩是我的同学。)。 六、旅行中的数量表达 thousand:数词“一千”。表确切数目时,前有具体数词,不加“s”且不与“of”连用(There are about six thousand students in our school. 我们学校有大约6000名学生。);表不确切数目时,前无具体数词,加“s”且与“of”连用(Thousands of tourists come to visit the Great Wall every day. 每天有成千上万的游客来游览长城。)。“hundred”(百)、“million”(百万)用法同理。 七、旅行相关其他词汇 1. 胜利相关 victory:名词“胜利;成功”,可指战争、比赛等胜利,后接“over/against”表“对……的胜利”。短语:“win/score a victory”(At last we won a victory. 最后我们获得了胜利。)、“a great victory”(A great victory won a victory. 重大胜利获得了胜利。)。 2. 俄罗斯相关 Russian:作形容词“俄罗斯的;俄罗斯人的”(You will enjoy a lot of nice Russian paintings next week. 下周你将欣赏许多好看的俄罗斯油画。);作名词“俄罗斯人;俄语”(These Russians speak Russian. 这些俄罗斯人说俄语。)。“Russia”是名词“俄罗斯”(Now many schools in Russia have Chinese classes. 如今在俄罗斯的许多学校里设有汉语课。)。 3. 导游与指南 guide:作名词“导游;向导”(The tour guide is very friendly. 这个导游很友好。)“指南;手册”;作动词“给某人领路;指导”(She guided us through the busy streets to the museum. 她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道到了博物馆。)。 4. 和平与宁静 peace:不可数名词,“和平;太平”(keep the peace 维持和平)、“安静;宁静”(in peace 静静地;和平地)。“peaceful”是其形容词,“和平的;安静的”(We had a peaceful afternoon. 我们度过了一个宁静的下午。)。 5. 忘记与记忆 forget:动词“忘记;遗忘”,反义词“remember”。作及物动词后接多种形式;作不及物动词常用“forget about”(Don't forget about the meeting tomorrow. 不要忘记明天的会议。)。“忘记带某物”用“forget”(Mike often forgets his schoolbag. 迈克经常忘记带他的书包。),“把某物忘在某处”用“leave”(Mike often leaves his schoolbag at home. 迈克经常把他的书包落在家里。)。“forgetful”(My mother is very forgetful. 我妈妈相当健忘。)、“forgettable”(Names and addresses are forgettable. 姓名和地址易被忘记。)、“unforgettable”(It was an unforgettable experience. 那是一次难忘的经历。)。 6. 好像与似乎 seem:系动词“好像;似乎;看来”。结构:“seem (to be) + 名词/形容词”(The weather seems (to be) nice today. Let's go for a walk. 今天天气看起来不错,咱们去散散步吧。He seems (to be) a very nice man. 他看起来是个很不错的人。)、“seem to do sth”(Tom seems to know everything. 汤姆好像什么都知道。)、“It seems/seemed that...”(It seems that everyone likes the wonderful movie. 似乎每个人都喜欢这部精彩的电影。)、“It seems as if...”(It seems as if it is going to rain. 看起来天快要下雨了。)。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $