专题05 阅读理解 （说明文和议论文）（期中真题分类汇编，天津专用）高二英语上学期

专题05 阅读理解 说明文和议论文 说明文 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中考试） Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones, according to a new report from Burning Glass Technologies, a job market analytics (数据分析) company in Boston. It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require. What researchers discovered was that many want workers with experience in such new abilities as big data gathering and analysis, or design using digital technology. Burning Glass Technologies came up with the term“hybrid jobs” to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. For example, these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales. “The jobs of the future don’t involve just one skill,” says Matt Sigelman,CEO of Burning Glass Technologies. The company expects general job growth of about 10% between 2018 and 2028, but the hybrid jobs by 21%. What’s more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional set of skills. For example,a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one, with an average yearly salary of $100,000. Moreover, an engineer who improves her sales skills and becomes a consulting engineer for a software company can more than double her pay from $180,000 to $400,000. While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of work, with only 12% possibility of being replaced by machines, compared with 42% for general jobs, says Burning Glass Technologies. Hybrid jobs are mostly not beginner roles, so they mainly go to workers with years of experience and, most importantly, more training after leaving college. That means workers, bosses and educators will have to think about how to better prepare people for hybrid jobs. 1．Why did the company research into job advertisements? A．To understand the growth of best paid workers. B．To compare workers’ experience with new abilities. C．To find out companies’ requirements about skills. D．To tell the possible changes in the future job market. 2．What does the term “hybrid jobs” imply about the nature of the positions? A．They are jobs only available in the technology department. B．They require a mix of technical and innovative skills. C．They are part-time positions combining different roles. D．They are positions that are especially creative. 3．What is the purpose of the example given in Paragraph 4? A．To illustrate the high salary potential of traditional jobs. B．To explain why traditional jobs are becoming outdated. C．To provide evidence of the financial benefits of hybrid jobs. D．To demonstrate the growth rate of hybrid jobs over traditional ones. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for this passage? A．How to Get Suitable Jobs. B．The Skills for “Hybrid” Jobs. C．Future Jobs Require “Hybrid” Skills. D．Tips on Finding Fastest-Growing Jobs. 5．What can be the source of the report based on the passage? A．A piece of creative writing about fictional job roles. B．A personal account from a CEO about job trends. C．An editorial piece about the future of work. D．A professional research into the job market. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市五区县重点校联考·期中） India’s past is full of rich cultural legacies (遗产). But for many rural people, especially children, a world of art and culture remains distant because of limited resources and inaccessible opportunities. As a result, even the doors to museums — where artifacts, artworks, and historical objects are displayed for public viewing and learning — feel out of their reach. To handle this, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (CSMVS) (a museum in Mumbai) started the “Museum on Wheels (MOW). This creative effort aims to break the barrier of the geographical location and economic factors, and bring the wonders of history, art and culture to the remote areas of India. “People don’t connect with the museum as a place where they can come, spend time, and enjoy the pieces,” says Krutika Mhatre, who leads the MOW project. “The concept of museums, with a bricked room and a gallery of displayed objects, is old and outdated. It has evolved so much. Most people are not much aware of this. We do not have museums in remote areas, like the countryside. So reaching museums is also a task. With the intention of solving the above issues, the idea of the MOW was generated. Beginning in 2015, the MOW has two buses that have travelled across the country so far. The first-ever exhibition on wheels happened in Mumbai and the theme of the exhibition changes every six months. “Whenever we decide to change the theme, we speak with different school teachers and educators to understand what would stimulate the children more. If they are learning something in the curriculum, we will display the related knowledge on the bus,” says Krutika. In the past years, the MOW has hosted exhibitions on Indian traditional games, the history, fossils, and various civilizations, which sources its pieces from the CSMVS and some local artists. “When questioned about the MOW, children are always up on their toes to share their experiences. There is light in their eyes. They are able to recollect what they have seen when the topics are taught in the class, which is in itself an evidence of good work,” Krutika says. 6．What problem are rural Indians probably facing now? A．More lands are used to build museums and the like. B．Their awareness of protecting cultural relics is weak. C．The geographical locations limit their tourism income. D．Some educational resources are hardly available to them. 7．What do Krutika’s words in Paragraph 2 mainly show? A．The background to the MOW idea. B．The additional functions of museums. C．The insufficiency of museums in India. D．The challenges from the MOW project. 8．What’s special about the MOW? A．It is usually held in schools. B．It displays the cultural relics instead of models. C．It changes its themes based on students’ needs. D．It invites educators to explain the items to kids. 9．What does Krutika think of the MOW? A．It has achieved its desired goal. B．It’s a double-edged sword. C．Its development hits a bottleneck. D．Its exhibitions are beyond kids’ comprehension. 10．What is probably the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To publicize an amazing museum project. B．To call on people to care for rural kids. C．To market Indian cultural legacies D．To make people museum-goers. 主题02 人与社会——文化艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市滨海新区汉沽第一中学·期中） If you are travelling from one of London’s international airports to central London, don't take taxi unless you are very rich! The minimum (最小的) fare from Heathrow, the nearest airport to central London, is about $25. If you are travelling in a group of four people and each of you has a lot of luggage, you may feel that it would be worth paying for a taxi. If you simply want to cross London from one railway station to another or from a station to your hotel, then a taxi may be a good idea. Although taxis may seem quite expensive, they make life a lot easier if you have a lot of luggage, or if you are not confident about finding your way around the Underground System. Here are some useful facts about using taxis: Licensed (有许可证的) taxis are large, and usually black vehicles with a small white plate (牌照) on the back showing a license number and the words Hackney Carriages. ★ The best place to find a taxi is at a railway station. Follow the signs for taxi and you will find what is called a taxi rank (a place in the road where a taxi can stop). Another good place to find a taxi is near a large hotel. ★ If you are not at a station, you will have to stand in the street and wait for one to go past. Look for a taxi which has an orange light lit up over the driver's window— this means that it is not being used by anyone else. ★ When the taxi is quite close, raise your arm and wave the driver down. The taxi should stop for you. ★ When you pay, it is usual to give the driver a tip of at least 10%. 11．What does the author say about the taxi in London? A．It is hard to catch a taxi at the airport. B．It is a good choice to cross London. C．Its service is far from satisfactory. D．Its fare is not very high. 12．What do the licensed taxis look like? A．They are small. B．They are all orange. C．They have red plates. D．They have plates on the back. 13．Where can you find a taxi easily according to the author? A．A bus stop. B．A small hotel. C．A taxi rank near a railway station. D．A large shopping centre. 14．What should you take note of if you want to stop a taxi? A．Whether its light is on. B．Whether the driver is waving. C．Whether it is a white licensed taxi. D．Whether the taxi stops at the right place. 15．If your taxi fare is $30, how much should you give the tip to the driver at least? A．$2. B．$3. C．$4. D．$5. 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第一中学·期中） Lots of people love to indulgein biscuits with their tea, but those with diabetes need to watch out for sweet treats. Diabetes is a metabolic (代谢的) disease. If a patient’s blood sugar is not well controlled, serious problems can occur. A patient may experience dizziness and fatigue, but also have kidney failure, blindness and heart disease, according to Medical News Today. But new research may make it possible to “treat diabetes by eating biscuits”. Researchers from Peking University and East China Normal University successfully developed a new cell using synthetic (合成的) biology technology. Their study was published in Nature Chemical Biology in November. In their research, diabetic mice implanted with the cells can increase insulin (胰岛素) levels and lower blood sugar as long as they eat specific amino acid (氨基酸) biscuits. It only takes 90 minutes for the mice to reduce their blood sugar, which is equivalent to the time after an insulin injection (注射), Liu Tao, one of the authors, told Science and Technology Daily. This kind of biscuit does not directly lower blood sugar levels, but is a “key” to insulin. The special amino acids in the biscuits help to start the insulin translation process. The end result is controlled blood sugar, according to Ye Haifeng, one of the authors. “This unnatural amino acid is similar to the ingredients added in many health drinks and is very friendly to the human body,” Liu told Science and Technology Daily. Maybe one day, people will need to take artificial amino acids before meals, or eat foods containing artificial amino acids suitable for diabetics, so they can control their blood sugar. Although scientists in synthetic biology have paved the way for possible future treatments, their findings won’t be ready for patients anytime soon. “Synthetic biology is still an early-stage discipline (学科) in regard to the traditional diabetes therapeutic (治疗的) development timeline, with most technologies currently in the preclinical stages in the lab,” Ira Pastor, CEO of the life sciences company Bioquark, told US News. 21．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why diabetes is a metabolic disease. B．Dangerous problems caused by diabetes. C．Blood sugar’s effects on the metabolic system. D．Diseases that can affect blood sugar. 22．How did the blood sugar of the diabetic mice decrease in the study? A．Scientists implanted cells that can directly lower blood sugar. B．Scientists gave them biscuits with less sugar. C．The implanted cells and the specific amino acids increased insulin. D．The amino acid biscuits they ate contained insulin. 23．How does the special amino acid work? A．It transforms blood sugar into an acid. B．It helps start the insulin translation process. C．It clears ingredients unfriendly to the human body. D．It allows the injected insulin to work better. 24．Which of the following would Ira Pastor agree with? A．Synthetic biology proves the most effective solution to diabetes. B．Synthetic biology is developing quickly at present. C．There remains a long way for this therapy to enter hospitals. D．Many traditional therapeutic diabetes technologies are still in the lab. 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第四十七中学·期中） Lego, the world’s largest toy company, has built a reputation not only for the durability (耐用性) of its bricks, but also for its large investment in sustainability (可持续性). So it was surprising when the Financial Times reported that Lego had pulled out of its well-known “Bottles to Bricks” project. This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives. Pursuing sustainability requires attention to the entire life cycle of a product, which involves three types of emissions: Scope 1 emissions are generated directly by a company’s internal operations. Scope 2 emissions are caused by generating the electricity, steam, heat or cooling a company consumes. And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions. Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices. The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations. 25．What made Lego discontinue its “Bottles to Bricks” project? A．High production costs with recycled materials. B．Lack of public support with recycled materials. C．Not too much recycled plastic. D．Environmental issues with recycled materials. 26．What is the feature of scope 3 emissions? A．They are easier to track and control. B．They significantly contribute to carbon emissions. C．They have very small effects on sustainability efforts. D．They mainly come from companies’ internal processes. 27．How does Lego influence other companies according to the text? A．By helping them innovate green materials. B．By reminding them of supply chain emissions. C．By encouraging them to focus on product quality. D．By warning them of unpredictable market conditions. 28．What can be known from the Lego example? A．Companies should prioritize environmental concerns. B．Public awareness and support need to be emphasized. C．Sustainability requires continuous adaptation and efforts. D．Material innovation can ease companies’ environmental issues. 29．What can be the best title for the text? A．Lego’s future: a green and long journey B．The challenges to the toy industry C．The complexities of carbon emissions D．New plastic: a greener alternative Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市实验中学滨海学校·期中） Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities-famous people-worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C． , painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 30．It can be learned from the passage that stars today________. A．are often misunderstood by the public B．can no longer have their privacy protected C．spend too much on their public appearance D．care little about how they have come into fame 31．What does the underlined words mean? A．to lose their way back B．to forget their own names C．to lose their memories D．to forget their true selves 32．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. B．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. C．Great heroes of the past were generally admired. D．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. 33．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A．Huge population of fans. B．Availability of modern media. C．Lack of favorable chances. D．Inadequate social recognition. 34．What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity? A．Sympathetic. B．Skeptical. C．Disapproving. D．Indifferent. Passage 3 (2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河北区·期中) Bethany Hamilton is a famous professional surfer. She surfs in competitions around the world. But life for her is queer with twists and turns. She has fought her way through ups and downs. And now she has become a source of inspiration for millions through her story of faith, determination and hope. Her story has become a major movie which is named Soul Surfer. On October 31, 2003, at the age of 13, Bethany was attacked by a 15-foot tiger shark while surfing just off the shore of Hawaii. Bethany said, “It came out of the blue. I had no warning at all; not over the slightest sign of danger. That's all it took: a split second. I felt a lot of pressure and a couple of lightning fast fugs (猛拽) . Then I watched in shock as the water around me turned bright red. Somehow, I stayed calm. My left arm was gone along with a huge piece of my surfboard…” After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude. She determined to go back again. In January 2004, Bethany made her return to surf competition and with no intention of stopping, Bethany continued to shine in competitions. Initially, she adopted a custom-made (定制的) board that was longer and slightly thicker than standard and had a handle for her right arm, making it easier to paddle, and she learned to kick more to make up for the loss of her left arm. Just over a year after the attack, she took first place—winning her first National Title. Now she competes with the world's best and travels the globe. She says that she has learned a lot about life, love, and being strong. However, although so many things have happened to her, she says she is still just a surfer. 35．What did Bethany say about the attack? A．It happened unexpectedly. B．It made her disappointed. C．It happened because of the strange waves. D．It occurred due to her unusual surfing gestures. 36．When Bethany started surfing again, she ________. A．adopted a wider board B．used her feet more C．couldn't paddle D．added two handles on the board 37．Which of the following word can best describe Hamilton? A．Cruel. B．Honest. C．Strong-willed. D．Strict. 38．What can we learn from the story? A．Bad news travels fast. B．Smiles brighten people up. C．People should respect the order of nature D．Determination can help people overcome difficulties. 39．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise a movie. B．To explain the danger of surfing. C．To tell us an encouraging story. D．To inform the readers about shark attacks. Passage 4 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河北区·期中） The ancient Olympic Games were primarily ceremonies held in honour of Zeus (宙斯). The events took place in Olympia, Greece. The athletes were all male citizens of the city-states from every corner of the Greek world. Women were not even allowed to watch the games. The first Olympics were organised in 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of Elis, won a 600-foot-long foot race (竞走), the only event at that Olympics. This race remained the only athletic event at the first 13 Olympics, until 724 BC when a new foot race was added. The Olympics were held in Olympia every four years and became a splendid part of Ancient Greek culture for about 12 centuries. Although Olympia was the first place where the ancient Olympic Games were staged, it took about 1, 500 years for the Olympics to return. Pierre de Coubertin, who came from France, got the idea of resurrecting the Olympics in 1889. His idea was originally for educational purposes, but it was approved by the participating delegates (代表) of an international conference in Paris in 1894, and then the first modern Olympics were held two years later. Athens, the capital of Greece served as the first host. The marathon competition was first introduced among the 43 events at the 1896 Athens Olympics. The long-distance running is in memory of Pheidippides, an ancient messenger who is said to have run from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated in the Battle of Marathon. The long distance that Pheidippides ran and his death is the source of the modern marathon, a symbol of endurance and spirit in sport. Today the marathon has become an important event for Olympic Games and other independent long-distance running competitions in modern society. The distance of 26 miles 385 yards (42.195 km) was first used at the 1908 Olympic Games in London, measured between the starting-point at Windsor Castle and the finish at White City Stadium, and was later adopted as the standard in 1921. 40．Which of the following is true about the ancient Olympic Games? A．Koroibos was the first winner of the ancient Olympic Games. B．People from all areas of the Greek world could join the Olympics. C．The Olympics were originally held by Zeus, according to Greek Myth. D．Before 724 BC, the athletes could attend two types of races in the Olympics. 41．What is the meaning of the underlined word “resurrecting” in Paragraph 3? A．Taking up. B．Setting out. C．Turning down. D．Bringing back. 42．What had happened before the international conference in Paris in 1894? A．The tradition of having the Olympic Games had been long lost. B．The Olympic Games had been held in Olympia for 1500 years. C．Athens served as the host city of the first modern Olympics. D．Pierre de Coubertin asked to organize the Olympic Games in Paris. 43．What do we know about the marathon from the article? A．The distance Pheidippides ran was 42.195 kilometres. B．The marathon was one of the 43 ancient Olympic events. C．Marathon competitions are not just held in the Olympics. D．The marathon aims at memorizing a battle Greek army won. 44．Who are the intended readers of this article? A．People who like to read news on education. B．People who are interested in sports history. C．People who want to learn about Greek culture. D．People who hope to participate in the Olympics. Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市第一百中学、咸水沽第一中学·期中） Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today’s children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的). “We should not fear boredom.” said Julie Robinson. “Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,” she added. Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed. Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander? But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. And she is right. 45．Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children . A．find effective solutions to social problems B．improve the ability to learn knowledge C．have time to think and have their imagination developed D．communicate more with their parents and friends 46．What’s the author’s attitude towards the action of parents in Paragraph 4? A．Negative B．Hopeful C．Positive D．Unconcerned 47．Which of the following is seen as “inactivity” according to the last paragraph? A．Sending emails on a train. B．Playing games with friends. C．Planning constant activity for children. D．Looking out of the window at the beautiful views. 48．The author mentioned the train journey to show that . A．the trip on a quiet train was very boring B．the view of the countryside was beautiful C．people had too much work to do D．electronic devices influence people’s life greatly 49．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B．People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C．Electronic devices are always good for children. D．Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone. Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市瑞景中学·期中） “Shuan Q” is a meme (网络流行语) which can be used as a popular way to say “I’m speechless” with a matching emoji (表情包) at ached behind. No one can deny the power of the Internet. Some believe it makes language weaker but some see a brighter side, believing it makes online communication easier between strangers. An elementary school teacher in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, says that the evolution of Internet slang is not all fun and carefree. From his daily observations, he believes the “geographic boundary” between Internet slang and formal language is disappearing. On many occasions, the composition she has received from pupil have been flooded with abbreviated slangs (网络梗). During last year’s Two Sessions, several representatives put forward proposals such as “regulating online language” and “banning vulgar (粗俗) words”, specifically to address this issue, expressing the need to reduce online language misuse and strengthen the protection of Chinese. However, many experts and scholars of linguistics and communication including Feng Zhiwei disagree. Feng, believes that Internet language is a natural product of the dynamic development of language, and it is not necessary to ban it. 50．What can we learn about internet slangs from paragraph 2 and 3? A．They are formal. B．They are funny and carefree. C．They are flooded among pupils. D．They were supported by all people. 51．What is Feng Zhiwei’s opinion about internet slangs? A．They are natural. B．They are misused. C．They should be banned. D．They are disappearing. 52．Which word best describe the authors attitude to internet slangs? A．Doubtful B．Objective C．Indifferent D．Favorable 主题02 人与社会——文学艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市北辰区·期中） Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all over the world are fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play musical instruments. Music isn’t only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat. Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. Many of the new bands have been able to use changes in technology to develop their music such as computerised drum machines, synthesisers and other electronic instruments. Tastes differ. So people’s musical interests range from pop and rock music to classical music and opera. My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is full of energy. When I listen to pop music it makes me remember happy times and forget the problems of everyday life. I also enjoy listening to classical music. The music I hate is heavy metal. I find it noisy. When I listen to this style of music it presents to my mind pictures of dark days. My mother and father agree with my tastes in music. Though they prefer to listen to classical, they think that modern music is not too bad. Music appeals to our hearts. It comforts our souls and enriches (充实) our minds. Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration. 53．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Several types of music. B．Different musical tastes. C．The development of musical styles. D．The importance of music in our lives. 54．How is the second paragraph developed? A．By describing courses. B．By analysing reasons. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 55．Which of the following is TRUE about the music in Great Britain? A．It has produced many popular music stars in the world. B．It fails to apply new technology in the performances. C．Many new bands insist on traditional instruments. D．British groups fall behind the new trends now. 56．Why does the author like pop music? A．It is played with electronic instruments. B．It is characterised by a steady beat. C．It is loud and strong. D．It sounds energetic. 57．What is the author’s parents’ attitude towards his musical taste? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Dissatisfied. D．Unconcerned. 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市南开中学·期中） Naming hurricane New research from the University of Illinois finds that hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths than those with male names. The study examined over 60 years of hurricanes which hit the US. The results showed there were higher death tolls, on average, when the hurricanes were given a female name. This wasn’t because female-named hurricanes were any more severe; rather that people’s behavior changed. Sharon Shavitt, one of the authors of the report, explained: “In judging the intensity of a storm, people appear to be applying their beliefs about how men and women behave. This makes a female-named hurricane, such as Belle or Candy, seem gentle and less violent.” People unconsciously say to themselves: how could I be killed by a hurricane called Candy? In fact, hurricanes are named arbitrarily, and the names tell you nothing about the severity of the storm. But, if people in the path of the storm are letting its name affect whether they take shelter, what we call it may matter more than we think. Having searched through the records, the researchers returned to the lab to test their finding experimentally. People were given a series of hypothetical storms with male and female names and asked to make judgments about their intensity and the risk they faced. The results showed that people often regarded male-named hurricanes, like Hurricane Christopher or Hurricane Victor as more intense and riskier than the female-named ones, like Hurricane Alexandra and Hurricane Christina. Shavitt continued, “People imagining a ‘female’ hurricane were not as willing to seek shelter. The fixed ideas that underlie (是……的基础) these judgments are subtle and not necessarily hostile toward women - they may involve viewing women as warmer and less aggressive than men.” The fact is that until the late 1970s, hurricanes were always given female names, as they were thought to represent women’s qualities like unpredictability. This practice - and the sexist reasoning behind it - was rightly abandoned in favour of choosing between male and female. Strangely, though, what we’ve learnt is that we’d be better off naming all hurricanes after men to take advantage of people’s fixed views. The researchers estimate that changing a severe hurricane’s name from “Eloise” to “Charles” could potentially cut the death toll by one-third. Perhaps the naming of hurricane is one specific situation where we shouldn’t worry about being sexist, if being a little sexist is going to save lives. 58．Hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths because . A．male named hurricanes are not terrible B．female-named hurricanes are more severe C．people think the female-named hurricanes are not severe D．people prefer to challenge the male-named hurricanes 59．The underlined word “arbitrarily” in Paragraph 2 probably means . A．for humor B．on purpose C．by chance D．in turn 60．According to the passage, which name can possibly cut the death toll? A．Eloise. B．Candy. C．Christina. D．Charles. 61．Why did hurricane naming conventions change from only female names to both male and female names in the late 1970s? A．It was realized that hurricanes should not be gendered. B．People desired to honor both male and female historical figures. C．People recognized the previous naming convention was based on sexist reasoning. D．The number of hurricanes requiring more diverse names to avoid repetition increased. 62．It can be inferred from the passage that . A．future hurricanes will be named after men more often B．being sexist in naming hurricanes helps save lives C．sexism in naming hurricanes will be banned D．rules of naming hurricanes will be changed Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市实验中学滨海学校·期中） There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways. However, thanks to the advances in medical science, surgical techniques have improved considerably. Compared with the traditional open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (微创手术)has several benefits to offer. Not only is the procedure quick and less painful, but also ensures rapid recovery. Now, surgical procedures, either big or small, are done within a few minutes to a few hours. The best part about the minimally invasive surgery is the painless procedure. The advanced techniques are helping with quality treatments to patients who have to undergo (进行) surgical procedures. Unlike the traditional open surgery that requires a large cut, a surgeon makes multiple tiny cuts of less than an inch. For the process, the surgeon uses small surgical instruments, such as a tiny tube with a mini camera at one end. Once the surgeon marks the cuts, he then passes the tiny tube through one of the cuts. The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference. These images give the surgeon a clear picture of the area undergoing the surgery. After the surgery, the surgeon cleans the cuts and sometimes places a bandage for additional support. Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option. 63．What makes people afraid of surgery? A．The large cut. B．The great risk. C．The high expense. D．The slow recovery. 64．What can surgeons use as a reference in the surgery? A．The previous treatment plan. B．The images by the mini camera. C．The standard surgical procedures. D．The advice from other surgeons. 65．Who might benefit most from the minimally invasive surgery? A．Patients in need of additional support. B．Patients lack of regular checkups. C．Patients with several medical conditions. D．Patients scared of surgical instruments. 66．What is the author’s attitude towards minimally invasive surgery? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 67．Where is the passage probably from? A．A medical magazine. B．An online medical forum. C．A technique discovery. D．An advertisement for a medical product. Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Three-dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States. Three-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue(生物学上的组织). Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have been working on creating and manufacturing living tissue since 2003. This process is called biofabrication (生物制造). It requires special printing equipment and a special kind of ink. Traditional printers require ink to produce an image or design on a piece of paper. For their three-D printer, the South Carolina researchers prepare complex nutritious solutions they call bio-inks. Bio-inks are made of proteins and glucose(葡萄糖), which normally provides energy for most cells of the body. The researchers also add living cells taken from the animal that will receive the new, printed tissue. The bio-inks are then added to a device that researchers call the Palmetto bio-printer. Sarah Grace Dennis is one of the researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina. She says new technology, like the Palmetto bio-printer, is a great help to the biofabrication process. “When I got here a year ago, we were printing acellular(非细胞的) bio-inks to see if patterns could be printed. And now we are printing skeletal muscle replica implants(骨骼肌肉复制品移植物) that we have been implanting into rats.” The bio-inks are placed in three dispensers(分配器), containers, inside the printer. Lasers control both the position of the printing surface and the places where the bio-ink is released. Michael Yost is a leader of the research team. He says the printing process is fully automated-machine-operated. He says that the Palmetto bio-printer makes it possible to create complex tissue types. The researchers say bio-printing is still experimental. But they hope in a few years they may be able to print tissue to replace damaged human organs(器官). However, there are still some concerns with biofabrication. Some scientists worry about how to get blood to the replacement tissue. The flow of blood is important to keep the printed tissue alive. Michael Yost hopes that more people will believe in the benefits of biofabification.“Tissue biofabrication is a reality, and it is a reality now, and if you come here and you get to see it. You can’t touch it, but you will see it and think this is real. And this is really human.” 68．What can we learn about 3-D printers from paragraph 1? A．They are playing a bugger role around the world. B．They are gaining popularity quickly in the States. C．They are bringing severe challenges to patients. D．They are. mainly used to make simple things now. 69．According to Sarah Grace Dennis, ________. A．new technology has made the biofabrication process possible B．the biofabrication process has become perfect now C．acellular bio-inks have been widely used in the US. D．printing skeletal muscle replica implants is impossible at present 70．According to Michael Yost, we can infer that the Palmetto bio-printer ________. A．can work perfectly without power B．can only be found in the United States C．has already been used to treat the patients D．has a bright future in medical application 71．Which of the following is one of the problems with biofabrication according to the passage? A．People are worried about the safety of the biofabrication process. B．The price of the bio-printer is too high and most people can’t afford it. C．Scientists have difficulty in getting blood to the replacement tissue. D．Researchers can’t find enough living cells of animals to make the bio-inks. 72．We can know from the passage that ________. A．the fast growing demand for biofabrication worries people B．special bio-inks are developed and bio-printing is being experimented C．the use of the bio-printer is spreading widely around the world D．the 3-D printer. has already been applied widely in treating patients 议论文 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市西青区杨柳青第一中学·期中） If you seek happiness, then you need to know what happiness is for you. I don’t believe there is one universal definition (普遍定义) of happiness. Happiness is a very subjective (主观的) emotion, according to me. Put two people in identical situation: same amount of money, life experiences, etc. and you can be pretty sure that they both wouldn’t feel equally happy or equally sad. I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us. It is this kind of happiness that I find more interesting. The second kind of happiness that I talk about comes from our expectations out of our lives, which vary from person to person. For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find. They are constantly in search of these things in life, which always seem to elude them. Those things may be money or fame or power or any of the other pursuits (追求) that humans have, but it would be likely that such people are less likely to be happy, if their goals are not met. In most cases, even after their goals are met, they don’t find happiness, because they seek more — new goals, new wish lists, and it’s a seemingly never-ending process for them! On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc. Of course, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t have any expectations at all. You should keep those expectations reasonable and manageable. 73．Which of the following is the author’s opinion according to Paragraph 1? A．Happiness has only one universal definition. B．Every individual has his own happiness. C．There are no people who are really happy. D．Happiness means having money and power. 74．What does the underlined part “these things” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．Daily demands. B．Life experiences. C．Ideas about happiness. D．Expectations out of life. 75．Even if their goals are met, some people still don’t feel happy because . A．they gave too much for their goals B．they don’t know what happiness is C．they have new goals that need achieving D．they think sadness is a never-ending process 76．What kind of person is likely to be happy in the author’s opinion? A．He who has a lot of expectations. B．He who has no goals at all. C．He who has a great ambition or dream. D．He who can find fun from his daily life. 77．The author writes this passage mainly to tell readers . A．the reasons for being happiness B．the importance of happiness C．to enjoy every day to the fullest D．to give up their dreams and be practical Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市滨海新区汉沽第一中学·期中） Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why? Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their free time. In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. And when you do something good to others, you will feel happy, too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them, you can see that happiness is always around you. True happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you can not always say you are poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, “Life is like a revolving (旋转的) door. When it closes, it also opens.” If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person. 78．Happiness is for . A．those who have large and beautiful houses B．those who have cars C．those who have a lot of money D．all people 79．When you do something wrong, . A．you may correct it B．you will have no chance to challenge yourself C．anybody will laugh at you D．you will be happy 80．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．When you get success, your friends will be very proud of you. B．You can get help from others when you make mistakes. C．You can still be a happy person even if you have little money. D．All the above. 81．Why do we say “Happiness is not the same as money”? Because . A．money always brings happiness B．money doesn’t always bring happiness C．everything can be bought with money D．only rich people have happiness 82．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Do Something Good to Others B．Happy and Lucky C．What is True Happiness D．Life and Success 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Female role models are having a moment. In the United States, there is a female vice president. The women’s soccer team is fighting a public, uphill battle for equal pay. Women are even making their way into what had seemed a permanent men’s club: the senior operation ranks of the armed forces. Role models inspire people by showing what is actually possible. Research supports that it works: these pioneers not only help us imagine where we might go but also map out the path there. Role models have also been shown to have a bigger impact on women and underrepresented communities—those who have not easily achieved their goals. Seeing more women in the world of science, girls of today are more likely, when asked to draw a scientist, to draw a woman than those in past decades. Even one role model can benefit a child, helping them perform better in school and maintain a positive attitude. However, the idea of “good role models” needs an update, especially when it comes to girls; otherwise the endless stream of shining snapshots of achievement they see can actually lead to self-doubt. In addition to role models, our work on girls and the process of building confidence has found that what girls really need are “work in progress” models. Girls tend to judge themselves harshly and suffer from perfectionism. They need to see the struggles and failures in their role models, as well as great perseverance. Anything that suggests success effortlessly achieved can be discouraged rather than inspired, playing into girls’ worst self-doubt thinking patterns. Helping girls see the extraordinary in the seemingly ordinary is a good solution to unrealistic expectations. “Everyday heroes have a special impact,” said the child psychologist Bonnie Zucker. “Take a young girl who has to shoulder-the-responsibility for raising her brothers or sisters for some reason. She might not have attractive social media presence, but her bravery, devotion, and emotional labor are, in fact, heroic.” 83．What is Paragraph 1 mainly talking about? A．Some jobs suitable for females. B．Some influences of female role models. C．Females’ challenges at the workplace. D．Females’ achievements in different fields. 84．What can we infer about role models from Paragraph 2? A．They give us realistic guides to success. B．They help us know more outstanding people. C．They are preferred by female groups. D．They show us the value of keeping learning. 85．What influence can the snapshots of achievement have on girls? A．Broadening their minds. B．Inspiring them to dream big. C．Driving them to work harder. D．Making them doubt themselves. 86．Why do girls need “work in progress” models? A．They make them achieve success quickly. B．They help them accept their imperfect selves. C．They teach them to be strict with themselves. D．They encourage them to follow their dreams. 87．What does the author imply by mentioning Bonnie Zucher’s words? A．Many girls’ expectations are unrealistic. B．Girls have a strong sense of responsibility. C．Girls can follow heroic examples in daily life. D．Social activities are of great importance to girls. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河东区·期中） Parents do need to teach their kids financial responsibility and that money is earned. Still, many child-development experts agree that tying a child’s allowance(零花钱) to chores can be a wrong decision. Susie Walton advises keeping chores and allowances totally separate. “Allowance is one thing. When it comes to chores, life skills, responsibilities - that’s a whole different thing,” says Walton. Walton says, “When kids aren’t doing a chore, you don’t say, ‘Well, there goes your allowance.’ You’re going to sit them down and ask what’s going on. ‘We’re a team. We’re a family. We’ve got to have them done.’” Besides, by paying children for chores with an allowance, you’ll also be sending the message that work isn’t worth doing unless they’re getting paid for it. There are times when it would make sense to pay kids for chores. Most experts agree that it’s a fine idea to pay children money for extra jobs that are outside their normal set of chores, such as washing windows, washing the car or helping to clean out the garage - - - especially if the child is saving for a big item. This may even develop an entrepreneurial(企业家的) spirit to think outside of the box to earn money. For parents who are concerned that their children won’t learn the value of a dollar if the allowance isn’t tied to household chores, note that there are still plenty of money management skills to be learned from a straight allowance. Depending on the age, kids can be made responsible for paying for their own toys or snacks. “I really like having my own money,” says Kevin,9. “It’s up to me if I want to buy the cheap toy now, or save and get the better toy.” And that’s a good lesson to learn at 9 years old. No matter which allowance route you take in parenthood, kids will feel empowered by being able to handle their own money. 88．Which of the following would Susie Walton most probably agree with? A．Kids should be paid for doing chores. B．Kids shouldn’t be forced to do chores. C．Doing chores teaches kids the value of work. D．A child’s allowance shouldn’t be tied to chores. 89．According to Susie Walton, if kids don’t do chores, parents should ______ . A．teach them the entrepreneurial spirit B．talk to them about family responsibilities C．give them a smaller allowance than usual D．punish them by not giving them their allowances 90．In Paragraph 6, “a straight allowance” probably means “______”. A．money given by charity organizations B．money earned by doing part-time jobs C．money earned by doing everyday household chores D．money given by parents and not dependent on chores 91．What is the author’s attitude towards Kevin’s action? A．Worried. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Unfavorable. 92．What is the text mainly about? A．The importance of kids doing chores. B．Whether parents should pay kids for chores. C．The advantages of kids handling their own money. D．Whether parents should give kids regular allowances. Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第一中学·期中） Every now and then, I take out a photo from my collection that brings back memories of an old vacation. It’s a picture of me from the late 1970s on a bench in London’s Victoria Station, my head resting against a wall, eyes closed with tiredness, clothes messed up. I used to love that shot. It was evidence of my leisure time, of travel, of interruption from the office: miles covered, sights seen, train stations raced through, goals achieved. However, as I leave work to hit the vacation trail this summer, I take along something extra. This traveling companion has a habit of ruining trips with feelings of guilt — the guilt that comes from attempting to vacation while thinking of the job. The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually give in to leisure is a long-running battle that has gone too far, driven by an over-scheduling craze. It has made many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy (玩忽职守). It’s hard to take it easy when you’ve been programmed not to. We have been taught for generations that work is the only goal. Time that is unfilled is evil, we are led to believe, and unplanned enjoyment should be avoided. This is reinforced today by a workplace culture that wants you to believe that advancement depends on your staying on the job. Research now shows, however, that leisure time can do something job advancement and money can’t. Leisure activities increase your desire to work, leadership skills, your sense of awareness and your ability to change. Free time also promotes a positive mood and sense of well-being, because it develops self-worth. Deep down, everyone knows we need time off to make our lives better. On holiday, using your productive output as a measure of yourself doesn’t work. This is because a vacation isn’t about output; it’s about input—exploring, learning, reflecting. The magic of a holiday is in the experience itself. This is the same as life satisfaction; it can’t be measured, only felt. The best part of a vacation isn’t going somewhere else; it’s being where you are, fully involved in the experience. 93．The author mentions the photo at the beginning because ________. A．it brings back good memories of a leisurely tour B．it shows how exhausting leisure travel can be C．it shows the writer once considered leisure travel as a goal in itself D．it proves interruptions from the office do not spoil the enjoyment of travel. 94．What does the underlined phrase “this traveling companion” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The feeling of guilt for not working. B．Interruptions from the office. C．Enjoying leisure time. D．Thinking of one’s goals. 95．Based on the information provided in the article, which of the following best illustrates the advantage of leisure time? A．It improves your productivity. B．It is good for personal development. C．It leads directly to job advancement. D．It helps you see your goals in life more clearly. 96．What does the author suggest people do while on vacation? A．Take leisure tours like he does. B．Ignore job advancement and money. C．Get rid of 24-7 technology when they are on vacation. D．Enjoy the experience of being on vacation. 2 / 53 1 / 53 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解 说明文和议论文 说明文 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中考试） Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones, according to a new report from Burning Glass Technologies, a job market analytics (数据分析) company in Boston. It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require. What researchers discovered was that many want workers with experience in such new abilities as big data gathering and analysis, or design using digital technology. Burning Glass Technologies came up with the term“hybrid jobs” to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. For example, these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales. “The jobs of the future don’t involve just one skill,” says Matt Sigelman,CEO of Burning Glass Technologies. The company expects general job growth of about 10% between 2018 and 2028, but the hybrid jobs by 21%. What’s more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional set of skills. For example,a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one, with an average yearly salary of $100,000. Moreover, an engineer who improves her sales skills and becomes a consulting engineer for a software company can more than double her pay from $180,000 to $400,000. While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of work, with only 12% possibility of being replaced by machines, compared with 42% for general jobs, says Burning Glass Technologies. Hybrid jobs are mostly not beginner roles, so they mainly go to workers with years of experience and, most importantly, more training after leaving college. That means workers, bosses and educators will have to think about how to better prepare people for hybrid jobs. 1．Why did the company research into job advertisements? A．To understand the growth of best paid workers. B．To compare workers’ experience with new abilities. C．To find out companies’ requirements about skills. D．To tell the possible changes in the future job market. 2．What does the term “hybrid jobs” imply about the nature of the positions? A．They are jobs only available in the technology department. B．They require a mix of technical and innovative skills. C．They are part-time positions combining different roles. D．They are positions that are especially creative. 3．What is the purpose of the example given in Paragraph 4? A．To illustrate the high salary potential of traditional jobs. B．To explain why traditional jobs are becoming outdated. C．To provide evidence of the financial benefits of hybrid jobs. D．To demonstrate the growth rate of hybrid jobs over traditional ones. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for this passage? A．How to Get Suitable Jobs. B．The Skills for “Hybrid” Jobs. C．Future Jobs Require “Hybrid” Skills. D．Tips on Finding Fastest-Growing Jobs. 5．What can be the source of the report based on the passage? A．A piece of creative writing about fictional job roles. B．A personal account from a CEO about job trends. C．An editorial piece about the future of work. D．A professional research into the job market. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项研究报告，指出结合了技术与创造性思维的岗位是目前增长最快且薪资最高的岗位之一，并介绍了这类岗位的特点、薪资优势及对未来就业市场的影响。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require. (它研究了数百万份招聘广告，以更好地了解公司需要的技能。)”可知，公司研究招聘广告的目的是为了了解公司对所需技能的要求。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Burning Glass Technologies came up with the term ‘hybrid jobs’ to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. (Burning Glass Technologies提出了‘混合岗位’一词来描述这类职位，这类职位需要通常不会一起出现的技能。)”可知，混合岗位需要技术和创新技能的结合。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“What’s more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional set of skills. (此外，混合岗位的薪资高于那些需要传统技能的职位。)”和后面举了两个混合岗位的高薪例子可知，第四段的例子是为了提供混合岗位经济利益的证据。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲了一项研究报告，指出结合了技术与创造性思维的岗位是目前增长最快且薪资最高的岗位之一，并介绍了这类岗位的特点、薪资优势及对未来就业市场的影响，文章的最好的标题是“未来的工作需要混合技能”。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones, according to a new report from Burning Glass Technologies, a job market analytics company in Boston. (根据波士顿就业市场分析公司Burning Glass Technologies的一份新报告，结合了技术与创造性思维的岗位是目前增长最快且薪资最高的岗位之一。)”可知，这篇报道的来源是一项关于就业市场的专业研究。故选D。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市五区县重点校联考·期中） India’s past is full of rich cultural legacies (遗产). But for many rural people, especially children, a world of art and culture remains distant because of limited resources and inaccessible opportunities. As a result, even the doors to museums — where artifacts, artworks, and historical objects are displayed for public viewing and learning — feel out of their reach. To handle this, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (CSMVS) (a museum in Mumbai) started the “Museum on Wheels (MOW). This creative effort aims to break the barrier of the geographical location and economic factors, and bring the wonders of history, art and culture to the remote areas of India. “People don’t connect with the museum as a place where they can come, spend time, and enjoy the pieces,” says Krutika Mhatre, who leads the MOW project. “The concept of museums, with a bricked room and a gallery of displayed objects, is old and outdated. It has evolved so much. Most people are not much aware of this. We do not have museums in remote areas, like the countryside. So reaching museums is also a task. With the intention of solving the above issues, the idea of the MOW was generated. Beginning in 2015, the MOW has two buses that have travelled across the country so far. The first-ever exhibition on wheels happened in Mumbai and the theme of the exhibition changes every six months. “Whenever we decide to change the theme, we speak with different school teachers and educators to understand what would stimulate the children more. If they are learning something in the curriculum, we will display the related knowledge on the bus,” says Krutika. In the past years, the MOW has hosted exhibitions on Indian traditional games, the history, fossils, and various civilizations, which sources its pieces from the CSMVS and some local artists. “When questioned about the MOW, children are always up on their toes to share their experiences. There is light in their eyes. They are able to recollect what they have seen when the topics are taught in the class, which is in itself an evidence of good work,” Krutika says. 6．What problem are rural Indians probably facing now? A．More lands are used to build museums and the like. B．Their awareness of protecting cultural relics is weak. C．The geographical locations limit their tourism income. D．Some educational resources are hardly available to them. 7．What do Krutika’s words in Paragraph 2 mainly show? A．The background to the MOW idea. B．The additional functions of museums. C．The insufficiency of museums in India. D．The challenges from the MOW project. 8．What’s special about the MOW? A．It is usually held in schools. B．It displays the cultural relics instead of models. C．It changes its themes based on students’ needs. D．It invites educators to explain the items to kids. 9．What does Krutika think of the MOW? A．It has achieved its desired goal. B．It’s a double-edged sword. C．Its development hits a bottleneck. D．Its exhibitions are beyond kids’ comprehension. 10．What is probably the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To publicize an amazing museum project. B．To call on people to care for rural kids. C．To market Indian cultural legacies D．To make people museum-goers. 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度Museum on Wheels项目如何将文化带入农村地区。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“India’s past is full of rich cultural legacies (遗产). But for many rural people, especially children, a world of art and culture remains distant because of limited resources and inaccessible opportunities. (印度的过去充满了丰富的文化遗产。但对于许多农村人口，特别是儿童来说，由于资源有限和机会有限，艺术和文化的世界仍然遥远。)”可知，印度农村现在可能面临的问题是很难获得一些教育资源。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““People don’t connect with the museum as a place where they can come, spend time, and enjoy the pieces,” says Krutika Mhatre, who leads the MOW project. “The concept of museums, with a bricked room and a gallery of displayed objects, is old and outdated. It has evolved so much. Most people are not much aware of this. We do not have museums in remote areas, like the countryside. So reaching museums is also a task. With the intention of solving the above issues, the idea of the MOW was generated. (博物馆项目负责人Krutika Mhatre说：“人们并不把博物馆当作一个可以来参观、消磨时间和欣赏作品的地方。”“博物馆的概念是一个砖砌的房间和一个展示物品的画廊，这是陈旧和过时的。它已经进化了很多。大多数人都没有意识到这一点。在偏远地区，比如农村，我们没有博物馆。因此，联系博物馆也是一项任务。为了解决上述问题，MOW的想法产生了。)”可知，Krutika的话主要展示了MOW想法的背景。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Whenever we decide to change the theme, we speak with different school teachers and educators to understand what would stimulate the children more. If they are learning something in the curriculum, we will display the related knowledge on the bus,” says Krutika. (“每当我们决定改变主题时，我们都会与不同的学校老师和教育工作者交谈，了解什么会更能激发孩子们的兴趣。如果他们在课程中学到了一些东西，我们会在巴士上展示相关知识。”Krutika说。)”可知，这表明MOW特别之处在于它会根据学生的需要来改变展览的主题。故选C。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段中““When questioned about the MOW, children are always up on their toes to share their experiences. There is light in their eyes. They are able to recollect what they have seen when the topics are taught in the class, which is in itself an evidence of good work,” Krutika says. (“当被问及有关铁道部的问题时，孩子们总是站起来分享他们的经历。他们的眼中有光。当课堂上讲授这些主题时，他们能够回忆起他们所看到的内容，这本身就是一种优秀作品的证据，”Krutika说。)”可知，这表明她认为MOW已经达到了预期的效果，即激发了孩子们的兴趣，并帮助他们在课堂上学到了相关知识。故选A。 10．推理判断题。通过全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“To handle this, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (CSMVS) (a museum in Mumbai) started the “Museum on Wheels (MOW).  This creative effort aims to break the barrier of the geographical location and economic factors, and bring the wonders of history, art and culture to the remote areas of India. (为了解决这个问题，Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu sanggrahalaya (CSMVS)（孟买的一家博物馆）启动了“车轮上的博物馆”（MOW）。这项创造性的努力旨在打破地理位置和经济因素的障碍，将历史、艺术和文化的奇迹带到印度的偏远地区。)”可知，作者的目的是为了宣传这个令人惊叹的博物馆项目。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——文化艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市滨海新区汉沽第一中学·期中） If you are travelling from one of London’s international airports to central London, don't take taxi unless you are very rich! The minimum (最小的) fare from Heathrow, the nearest airport to central London, is about $25. If you are travelling in a group of four people and each of you has a lot of luggage, you may feel that it would be worth paying for a taxi. If you simply want to cross London from one railway station to another or from a station to your hotel, then a taxi may be a good idea. Although taxis may seem quite expensive, they make life a lot easier if you have a lot of luggage, or if you are not confident about finding your way around the Underground System. Here are some useful facts about using taxis: Licensed (有许可证的) taxis are large, and usually black vehicles with a small white plate (牌照) on the back showing a license number and the words Hackney Carriages. ★ The best place to find a taxi is at a railway station. Follow the signs for taxi and you will find what is called a taxi rank (a place in the road where a taxi can stop). Another good place to find a taxi is near a large hotel. ★ If you are not at a station, you will have to stand in the street and wait for one to go past. Look for a taxi which has an orange light lit up over the driver's window— this means that it is not being used by anyone else. ★ When the taxi is quite close, raise your arm and wave the driver down. The taxi should stop for you. ★ When you pay, it is usual to give the driver a tip of at least 10%. 11．What does the author say about the taxi in London? A．It is hard to catch a taxi at the airport. B．It is a good choice to cross London. C．Its service is far from satisfactory. D．Its fare is not very high. 12．What do the licensed taxis look like? A．They are small. B．They are all orange. C．They have red plates. D．They have plates on the back. 13．Where can you find a taxi easily according to the author? A．A bus stop. B．A small hotel. C．A taxi rank near a railway station. D．A large shopping centre. 14．What should you take note of if you want to stop a taxi? A．Whether its light is on. B．Whether the driver is waving. C．Whether it is a white licensed taxi. D．Whether the taxi stops at the right place. 15．If your taxi fare is $30, how much should you give the tip to the driver at least? A．$2. B．$3. C．$4. D．$5. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在伦敦乘坐出租车需要注意的一些事项。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If you simply want to cross London from one railway station to another or from a station to your hotel, then a taxi may be a good idea.(如果你只是想从一个火车站穿过伦敦到另一个，或者从一个车站穿过伦敦到你的酒店，那么出租车可能是个好主意。)”可知，如果你要穿过伦敦，那么出租车是一个好的选择。故选B项。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Licensed (有许可证的) taxis are large, and usually black vehicles with a small white plate (牌照) on the back showing a license number and the words Hackney Carriages.(有执照的出租车很大，通常是黑色的，后面有一个白色的小牌，上面有牌照号码和哈克尼马车的字样。)”可知，有执照的出租车的车牌照在后面。故选D项。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The best place to find a taxi is at a railway station. Follow the signs for taxi and you will find what is called a taxi rank(找出租车最好的地方是在火车站。跟着出租车的标志走，你就会找到所谓的出租车站)”可知，在火车站附近的出租车站可以很容易地找到出租车。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Look for a taxi which has an orange light lit up over the driver's window— this means that it is not being used by anyone else.(找一辆司机窗口亮着橙色灯的出租车——这意味着没有其他人在使用它。)”可知，如果你想拦出租车，你应该注意司机窗口橙色灯是否亮着。故选A项。 15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“When you pay, it is usual to give the driver a tip of at least 10%.(当你付钱时，通常要给司机至少10%的小费。)”可知，如果你的车费是30美元，你至少应该给司机的小费是30×10%=3美元。故选B项。 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第一中学·期中） Lots of people love to indulgein biscuits with their tea, but those with diabetes need to watch out for sweet treats. Diabetes is a metabolic (代谢的) disease. If a patient’s blood sugar is not well controlled, serious problems can occur. A patient may experience dizziness and fatigue, but also have kidney failure, blindness and heart disease, according to Medical News Today. But new research may make it possible to “treat diabetes by eating biscuits”. Researchers from Peking University and East China Normal University successfully developed a new cell using synthetic (合成的) biology technology. Their study was published in Nature Chemical Biology in November. In their research, diabetic mice implanted with the cells can increase insulin (胰岛素) levels and lower blood sugar as long as they eat specific amino acid (氨基酸) biscuits. It only takes 90 minutes for the mice to reduce their blood sugar, which is equivalent to the time after an insulin injection (注射), Liu Tao, one of the authors, told Science and Technology Daily. This kind of biscuit does not directly lower blood sugar levels, but is a “key” to insulin. The special amino acids in the biscuits help to start the insulin translation process. The end result is controlled blood sugar, according to Ye Haifeng, one of the authors. “This unnatural amino acid is similar to the ingredients added in many health drinks and is very friendly to the human body,” Liu told Science and Technology Daily. Maybe one day, people will need to take artificial amino acids before meals, or eat foods containing artificial amino acids suitable for diabetics, so they can control their blood sugar. Although scientists in synthetic biology have paved the way for possible future treatments, their findings won’t be ready for patients anytime soon. “Synthetic biology is still an early-stage discipline (学科) in regard to the traditional diabetes therapeutic (治疗的) development timeline, with most technologies currently in the preclinical stages in the lab,” Ira Pastor, CEO of the life sciences company Bioquark, told US News. 21．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why diabetes is a metabolic disease. B．Dangerous problems caused by diabetes. C．Blood sugar’s effects on the metabolic system. D．Diseases that can affect blood sugar. 22．How did the blood sugar of the diabetic mice decrease in the study? A．Scientists implanted cells that can directly lower blood sugar. B．Scientists gave them biscuits with less sugar. C．The implanted cells and the specific amino acids increased insulin. D．The amino acid biscuits they ate contained insulin. 23．How does the special amino acid work? A．It transforms blood sugar into an acid. B．It helps start the insulin translation process. C．It clears ingredients unfriendly to the human body. D．It allows the injected insulin to work better. 24．Which of the following would Ira Pastor agree with? A．Synthetic biology proves the most effective solution to diabetes. B．Synthetic biology is developing quickly at present. C．There remains a long way for this therapy to enter hospitals. D．Many traditional therapeutic diabetes technologies are still in the lab. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过食用特制饼干来控制糖尿病的新研究进展。 21．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Diabetes is a metabolic (代谢的) disease. If a patient’s blood sugar is not well controlled, serious problems can occur. A patient may experience dizziness and fatigue, but also have kidney failure, blindness and heart disease, according to Medical News Today. (糖尿病是一种代谢疾病。如果患者的血糖控制不好，可能会出现严重的问题。据《今日医学新闻》报道，患者可能会感到头晕和疲劳，还会出现肾衰竭、失明和心脏病。)”可知，第二段主要阐述了糖尿病可能导致的严重健康问题。故选B。 22．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“In their research, diabetic mice implanted with the cells can increase insulin (胰岛素) levels and lower blood sugar as long as they eat specific amino acid (氨基酸) biscuits. (在他们的研究中，植入这种细胞的糖尿病小鼠只要吃特定的氨基酸饼干，就能提高胰岛素水平，降低血糖。)”可知，在这项中研究中的糖尿病小鼠是通过植入的细胞和特定的氨基酸共同作用增加了胰岛素水平，从而降低了血糖。故选C。 23．细节理解题。由文章第五段中“This kind of biscuit does not directly lower blood sugar levels, but is a “key” to insulin. The special amino acids in the biscuits help to start the insulin translation process. (这种饼干不会直接降低血糖水平，但却是胰岛素的‘关键’。饼干中特殊的氨基酸有助于启动胰岛素的转化过程。)”可知，特殊的氨基酸帮助启动胰岛素转化过程。故选B。 24．推理判断题。由文章最后一段““Synthetic biology is still an early-stage discipline (学科) in regard to the traditional diabetes therapeutic (治疗的) development timeline, with most technologies currently in the preclinical stages in the lab,” Ira Pastor, CEO of the life sciences company Bioquark, told US News. (生命科学公司Bioquark的首席执行官Ira Pastor在接受《美国新闻》采访时表示：‘就传统的糖尿病治疗发展时间表而言，合成生物学仍然是一门早期学科，大多数技术目前都处于实验室的临床前阶段。’)”可知，Ira认为这项技术目前处于实验室的临床前阶段，还不能进入医院；由此可知，他认为这种疗法要进入医院还有很长的路要走。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第四十七中学·期中） Lego, the world’s largest toy company, has built a reputation not only for the durability (耐用性) of its bricks, but also for its large investment in sustainability (可持续性). So it was surprising when the Financial Times reported that Lego had pulled out of its well-known “Bottles to Bricks” project. This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives. Pursuing sustainability requires attention to the entire life cycle of a product, which involves three types of emissions: Scope 1 emissions are generated directly by a company’s internal operations. Scope 2 emissions are caused by generating the electricity, steam, heat or cooling a company consumes. And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions. Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices. The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations. 25．What made Lego discontinue its “Bottles to Bricks” project? A．High production costs with recycled materials. B．Lack of public support with recycled materials. C．Not too much recycled plastic. D．Environmental issues with recycled materials. 26．What is the feature of scope 3 emissions? A．They are easier to track and control. B．They significantly contribute to carbon emissions. C．They have very small effects on sustainability efforts. D．They mainly come from companies’ internal processes. 27．How does Lego influence other companies according to the text? A．By helping them innovate green materials. B．By reminding them of supply chain emissions. C．By encouraging them to focus on product quality. D．By warning them of unpredictable market conditions. 28．What can be known from the Lego example? A．Companies should prioritize environmental concerns. B．Public awareness and support need to be emphasized. C．Sustainability requires continuous adaptation and efforts. D．Material innovation can ease companies’ environmental issues. 29．What can be the best title for the text? A．Lego’s future: a green and long journey B．The challenges to the toy industry C．The complexities of carbon emissions D．New plastic: a greener alternative 【答案】25．D 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乐高公司放弃“瓶子变积木”项目的例子，说明了在追求可持续性时需要考虑产品整个生命周期的碳排放，特别是供应链中的排放。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段“This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives.(这个雄心勃勃的项目旨在用回收塑料瓶制成的新材料取代传统的乐高塑料。然而，当乐高评估该项目对整个供应链的环境影响时，它发现用回收塑料生产积木需要额外的材料和能源，以使它们足够耐用，这将导致更高的碳排放。因此，该公司决定继续使用目前的化石燃料为基础的材料，同时继续寻找更可持续的替代品)”可知，因为回收材料的环境问题导致乐高终止了“瓶子变积木”的项目。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions.(第三类排放是由公司的供应链产生的。从2022年到2023年，乐高的总排放量增加了30%，尽管该公司与购买能源相关的范围2排放量减少了40%。这一增长几乎全部来自第三类排放)”可知，第三类排放的特点是大大增加了碳排放。故选B项。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices.(目前，只有不到30%的公司报告了有意义的第3类排放，部分原因是这些排放难以追踪。但随着越来越多的公司跟随乐高的脚步，开始报告第3类排放，他们可能会发现自己处于同样的境地，意识到减少碳排放的努力往往归结为供应链和消费者使用的排放。结果可能会迫使他们做出一些艰难的选择)”可知，乐高通过提醒他们供应链的排放来影响其他公司。故选B项。 28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations.(在大多数企业尚未做好充分准备的复杂环境中，乐高的例子起到了警示作用。随着越来越多的公司接受对其整体碳足迹的审查，我们可能会看到更多的情况，善意的可持续发展努力会遇到令人不安的事实。这就要求我们认真理解可持续性，而不是把它当作一份善行清单，而是把它当作一个复杂的、持续的过程，需要谨慎、开放，最重要的是，要致力于造福子孙后代)”可知，从乐高的例子中我们可以知道可持续性需要不断适应和努力。故选C项。 29．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations.(在大多数企业尚未做好充分准备的复杂环境中，乐高的例子起到了警示作用。随着越来越多的公司接受对其整体碳足迹的审查，我们可能会看到更多的情况，善意的可持续发展努力会遇到令人不安的事实。这就要求我们认真理解可持续性，而不是把它当作一份善行清单，而是把它当作一个复杂的、持续的过程，需要谨慎、开放，最重要的是，要致力于造福子孙后代)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述乐高公司放弃“瓶子变积木”项目的例子，说明了在追求可持续性时需要考虑产品整个生命周期的碳排放，以及可持续性需要不断适应和努力，所以A项“Lego’s future: a green and long journey(乐高的未来：绿色而漫长的旅程)”适合作本文的最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市实验中学滨海学校·期中） Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities-famous people-worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C． , painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 30．It can be learned from the passage that stars today________. A．are often misunderstood by the public B．can no longer have their privacy protected C．spend too much on their public appearance D．care little about how they have come into fame 31．What does the underlined words mean? A．to lose their way back B．to forget their own names C．to lose their memories D．to forget their true selves 32．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. B．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. C．Great heroes of the past were generally admired. D．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. 33．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A．Huge population of fans. B．Availability of modern media. C．Lack of favorable chances. D．Inadequate social recognition. 34．What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity? A．Sympathetic. B．Skeptical. C．Disapproving. D．Indifferent. 【答案】30．B 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为名人，他们是世界关注的焦点。狗仔队在他们家外面扎营，准备好了相机，使他们没有了隐私生活。并提到了追踪名人的现象由来已久，最后介绍了名人应对的问题。 30．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. （小报刊登了他们私生活中的惊心动魄的故事）”和第四段的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.（超级明星的一举一动都要担心那些拿着现代相机的摄影师）”可知，现在明星们的隐私不再受到保护。故选B。 31．词句猜测题。根据划线句后的“seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. （看到粉丝想象中的自己，而不是大家都知道他们名字之前的自己。）”可知，明星忙着成为粉丝想象中的那个人，已经忘记了自己是谁，因此划线句“to lose track of who they really are”指的是明星们忘记他们真实的自我。故选D。 32．主旨大意题。本段通过举例画家为他的崇拜者描绘他的胜利和19世纪，查尔斯·狄更斯访问美国时，他的作品售罄吸引了成千上万的粉丝，以及20世纪20年代和30年代的小报刊登关于电影明星的文章来说明名人面临的问题由来已久，尤其是第一句“The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.（追踪名人的现象由来已久）”可知，本段主要讲述了名人面临的问题由来已久。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.（超级明星的一举一动都要担心那些拿着现代相机的摄影师。当他们说了一些愚蠢的事情或做了一些荒谬的事情时，总会有互联网在几分钟内传播新闻，让他们的“故事”永远活着）”可知，现代媒体的使用，让今天的名人更难成为名人。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.（有时少数名人也能得到一点正义。尽管如此，即使是享有充分正义的明星也经常抱怨他们的生活有多艰难。他们已经厌倦了出名）”可知，作者是同情这些名人的。故选A。 Passage 3 (2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河北区·期中) Bethany Hamilton is a famous professional surfer. She surfs in competitions around the world. But life for her is queer with twists and turns. She has fought her way through ups and downs. And now she has become a source of inspiration for millions through her story of faith, determination and hope. Her story has become a major movie which is named Soul Surfer. On October 31, 2003, at the age of 13, Bethany was attacked by a 15-foot tiger shark while surfing just off the shore of Hawaii. Bethany said, “It came out of the blue. I had no warning at all; not over the slightest sign of danger. That's all it took: a split second. I felt a lot of pressure and a couple of lightning fast fugs (猛拽) . Then I watched in shock as the water around me turned bright red. Somehow, I stayed calm. My left arm was gone along with a huge piece of my surfboard…” After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude. She determined to go back again. In January 2004, Bethany made her return to surf competition and with no intention of stopping, Bethany continued to shine in competitions. Initially, she adopted a custom-made (定制的) board that was longer and slightly thicker than standard and had a handle for her right arm, making it easier to paddle, and she learned to kick more to make up for the loss of her left arm. Just over a year after the attack, she took first place—winning her first National Title. Now she competes with the world's best and travels the globe. She says that she has learned a lot about life, love, and being strong. However, although so many things have happened to her, she says she is still just a surfer. 35．What did Bethany say about the attack? A．It happened unexpectedly. B．It made her disappointed. C．It happened because of the strange waves. D．It occurred due to her unusual surfing gestures. 36．When Bethany started surfing again, she ________. A．adopted a wider board B．used her feet more C．couldn't paddle D．added two handles on the board 37．Which of the following word can best describe Hamilton? A．Cruel. B．Honest. C．Strong-willed. D．Strict. 38．What can we learn from the story? A．Bad news travels fast. B．Smiles brighten people up. C．People should respect the order of nature D．Determination can help people overcome difficulties. 39．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise a movie. B．To explain the danger of surfing. C．To tell us an encouraging story. D．To inform the readers about shark attacks. 【答案】35．A 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了著名的职业冲浪运动员贝瑟尼·汉密尔顿在被虎鲨咬掉一条胳膊后，仍然坚持冲浪，并取得成功的励志故事。 35．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Bethany said, “It came out of the blue. I had no warning at all; not over the slightest sign of danger.” (贝瑟尼说：“这是突然发生的。我根本没有得到任何警告；没有丝毫危险的迹象。”)”可知，鲨鱼袭击是突然发生的，贝瑟尼没有得到任何警告，由此可知，这次袭击出乎意料地发生了。故选A项。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Initially, she adopted a custom-made (定制的) board that was longer and slightly thicker than standard and had a handle for her right arm, making it easier to paddle, and she learned to kick more to make up for the loss of her left arm.” (最初，她采用了一种定制的板，比标准板长，略厚，右臂有把手，更容易划水，她学会了踢更多的水来弥补左臂的损失。)”可知，她学会多用脚踢水来弥补左臂的损失，由此可知，当贝瑟尼再次开始冲浪时，她更多地使用脚。故选B项。 37．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude. She determined to go back again.” (在失去了40%以上的血液并通过几次手术后，由于难以置信的积极态度，贝瑟尼正在康复的路上。她决定再次回去。)”可知，在经历了鲨鱼袭击和治疗痛苦后，贝瑟尼决定重新开始冲浪，由此可知，她是一个意志坚强的人。故选C项。 38．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude. She determined to go back again.” (在失去了40%以上的血液并通过几次手术后，由于难以置信的积极态度，贝瑟尼正在康复的路上。她决定再次回去。)”和最后一段关键句“Just over a year after the attack, she took first place—winning her first National Title. Now she competes with the world’s best and travels the globe. (就在袭击发生一年多后，她获得了第一名，赢得了她的第一个全国冠军。现在，她与世界上最好的选手竞争，环游世界。)”可知，在经历了鲨鱼袭击和治疗痛苦后，她的决心让她重新开始冲浪，并获得了全国冠军，由此可知，我们能从这个故事中学到决心可以帮助人们克服困难。故选D项。 39．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“Bethany Hamilton is a famous professional surfer. She surfs in competitions around the world. But life for her is queer with twists and turns. She has fought her way through ups and downs.” (贝瑟尼·汉密尔顿是一位著名的职业冲浪运动员。她参加世界各地的冲浪比赛。但对她来说，生活充满了曲折。她经历了起起落落。)”可知，文章主要讲述了著名的职业冲浪运动员贝瑟尼·汉密尔顿在被虎鲨咬掉一条胳膊后，仍然坚持冲浪，并取得成功的励志故事，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给我们讲一个鼓舞人心的故事。故选C项。 Passage 4 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河北区·期中） The ancient Olympic Games were primarily ceremonies held in honour of Zeus (宙斯). The events took place in Olympia, Greece. The athletes were all male citizens of the city-states from every corner of the Greek world. Women were not even allowed to watch the games. The first Olympics were organised in 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of Elis, won a 600-foot-long foot race (竞走), the only event at that Olympics. This race remained the only athletic event at the first 13 Olympics, until 724 BC when a new foot race was added. The Olympics were held in Olympia every four years and became a splendid part of Ancient Greek culture for about 12 centuries. Although Olympia was the first place where the ancient Olympic Games were staged, it took about 1, 500 years for the Olympics to return. Pierre de Coubertin, who came from France, got the idea of resurrecting the Olympics in 1889. His idea was originally for educational purposes, but it was approved by the participating delegates (代表) of an international conference in Paris in 1894, and then the first modern Olympics were held two years later. Athens, the capital of Greece served as the first host. The marathon competition was first introduced among the 43 events at the 1896 Athens Olympics. The long-distance running is in memory of Pheidippides, an ancient messenger who is said to have run from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated in the Battle of Marathon. The long distance that Pheidippides ran and his death is the source of the modern marathon, a symbol of endurance and spirit in sport. Today the marathon has become an important event for Olympic Games and other independent long-distance running competitions in modern society. The distance of 26 miles 385 yards (42.195 km) was first used at the 1908 Olympic Games in London, measured between the starting-point at Windsor Castle and the finish at White City Stadium, and was later adopted as the standard in 1921. 40．Which of the following is true about the ancient Olympic Games? A．Koroibos was the first winner of the ancient Olympic Games. B．People from all areas of the Greek world could join the Olympics. C．The Olympics were originally held by Zeus, according to Greek Myth. D．Before 724 BC, the athletes could attend two types of races in the Olympics. 41．What is the meaning of the underlined word “resurrecting” in Paragraph 3? A．Taking up. B．Setting out. C．Turning down. D．Bringing back. 42．What had happened before the international conference in Paris in 1894? A．The tradition of having the Olympic Games had been long lost. B．The Olympic Games had been held in Olympia for 1500 years. C．Athens served as the host city of the first modern Olympics. D．Pierre de Coubertin asked to organize the Olympic Games in Paris. 43．What do we know about the marathon from the article? A．The distance Pheidippides ran was 42.195 kilometres. B．The marathon was one of the 43 ancient Olympic events. C．Marathon competitions are not just held in the Olympics. D．The marathon aims at memorizing a battle Greek army won. 44．Who are the intended readers of this article? A．People who like to read news on education. B．People who are interested in sports history. C．People who want to learn about Greek culture. D．People who hope to participate in the Olympics. 【答案】40．A 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥运会的发展历史和比赛项目等。 40．细节理解题。根据第二段“The first Olympics were organised in 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of Elis, won a 600-foot-long foot race (竞走), the only event at that Olympics. (第一届奥运会于公元前776年举办，当时来自附近城市埃利斯的厨师科罗伊博斯赢得了一场600英尺长的竞走比赛，这是那届奥运会上唯一的比赛)”可知，第一届奥运会只有一项比赛，科罗伊博斯赢得了比赛。由此可知，科罗伊博斯是古代奥林匹克运动会的第一位获胜者。故选A项。 41．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“His idea was originally for educational purposes, but it was approved by the participating delegates (代表) of an international conference in Paris in 1894, and then the first modern Olympics were held two years later. Athens, the capital of Greece served as the first host. (他的想法最初是出于教育目的，但1894年在巴黎举行的一次国际会议的与会代表批准了这一想法，两年后举行了第一届现代奥运会。希腊首都雅典是第一个东道主)”可知，巴黎举行的一次国际会议批准了他的想法，两年后举行了第一届现代奥运会。由此可知，他的想法是复兴停止多年的奥运会，“Bringing back”意为“恢复（某事物）”，能够表达划线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选D项。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Although Olympia was the first place where the ancient Olympic Games were staged, it took about 1,500 years for the Olympics to return. (虽然奥林匹亚是古代奥运会的第一个举办地，但奥运会大约花了1500年才得以回归)”可知，奥运会大约花了1500年才得以回归。由此可知，1894年巴黎国际会议之前，举办奥运会的传统早已失传。故选A项。 43．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Today the marathon has become an important event for Olympic Games and other independent long-distance running competitions in modern society. (如今，马拉松已成为现代社会奥运会和其他独立长跑比赛的重要项目)”可知，马拉松是现代社会奥运会和其他独立长跑比赛的重要项目。由此可知，马拉松比赛不仅在奥运会期间举行。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“The ancient Olympic Games were primarily ceremonies held in honour of Zeus (宙斯). (古代奥运会主要是为纪念宙斯而举行的仪式)”和第二段关键句“The first Olympics were organised in 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of Elis, won a 600-foot-long foot race (竞走), the only event at that Olympics. (第一届奥运会于公元前776年举办，当时来自附近城市埃利斯的厨师科罗伊博斯赢得了一场600英尺长的竞走比赛，这是那届奥运会上唯一的比赛)”可知，文章主要介绍了奥运会的发展历史。由此推知，这篇文章的目标读者是对体育史感兴趣的人。故选B项。 Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市第一百中学、咸水沽第一中学·期中） Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today’s children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的). “We should not fear boredom.” said Julie Robinson. “Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,” she added. Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed. Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander? But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. And she is right. 45．Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children . A．find effective solutions to social problems B．improve the ability to learn knowledge C．have time to think and have their imagination developed D．communicate more with their parents and friends 46．What’s the author’s attitude towards the action of parents in Paragraph 4? A．Negative B．Hopeful C．Positive D．Unconcerned 47．Which of the following is seen as “inactivity” according to the last paragraph? A．Sending emails on a train. B．Playing games with friends. C．Planning constant activity for children. D．Looking out of the window at the beautiful views. 48．The author mentioned the train journey to show that . A．the trip on a quiet train was very boring B．the view of the countryside was beautiful C．people had too much work to do D．electronic devices influence people’s life greatly 49．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B．People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C．Electronic devices are always good for children. D．Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone. 【答案】45．C 46．A 47．D 48．D 49．B 【导语】本文是说明文。现在人们都使用手机等电子产品来避免无聊，而作者认为无聊的存在是有其意义的——可以让孩子们在无聊中对一些问题进行思考。 45．细节理解题。根据第二段中Julie Robinson说的话“Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第三段中“The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed.(传统观念认为孩子应该不断活跃，这会阻碍他们想象力的发展。因此，任何能够提高更深思熟虑的事情都会受到热烈欢迎。)”可知，Julie Robinson认为无聊是有用的，因为它能让孩子们有时间思考，且发展他们的想象力，故选C。 46．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. (现在，当父母听到孩子抱怨无聊时，他们会感到一种失败感。他们寻找一种可以立即玩游戏的电子设备。在长途汽车旅行中，我们再也不会因为不耐烦地问“我们到了吗?”而感到无聊，因为各种各样的电子设备已经随身携带，以避免哪怕是一分钟的无聊)”和第五段中“But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. (但不仅仅是孩子们需要反思，大人们也需要)”可知，当父母听到孩子感到无聊时，总是给他们电子设备让他们来玩游戏，这使得孩子没有时间进行反思，由此可推知，作者对第四段中父母的行为持否定态度，故选A。 47．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library.  There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. (今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。手机已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。朱莉·罗宾逊认为这是一个跨代现象：对“不活跃”的恐惧。)”可知，“不活跃”现象指的是人们安静的这种状态，即上文提到的无聊现象，如今人们害怕无聊，所以会经常看手机，或者不间断的做一些打发无聊的事情。由此可推知，D项“望着窗外美丽的景色”被认为是一种“不活跃”现象，故选D。 48．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present.(今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。手机已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。)”可推知，作者提到了火车旅行，是为了表明电子设备对人们的生活影响很大，故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第四段中“Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. (现在，当父母听到孩子抱怨无聊时，他们会感到一种失败感。他们寻找一种可以立即玩游戏的电子设备。在长途汽车旅行中，我们再也不会因为不耐烦地问“我们到了吗？”而感到无聊，因为各种各样的电子设备已经随身携带，以避免哪怕是一分钟的无聊。)”可知，人们没有给他们的孩子足够的时间去思考和想象。故选B。 Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市瑞景中学·期中） “Shuan Q” is a meme (网络流行语) which can be used as a popular way to say “I’m speechless” with a matching emoji (表情包) at ached behind. No one can deny the power of the Internet. Some believe it makes language weaker but some see a brighter side, believing it makes online communication easier between strangers. An elementary school teacher in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, says that the evolution of Internet slang is not all fun and carefree. From his daily observations, he believes the “geographic boundary” between Internet slang and formal language is disappearing. On many occasions, the composition she has received from pupil have been flooded with abbreviated slangs (网络梗). During last year’s Two Sessions, several representatives put forward proposals such as “regulating online language” and “banning vulgar (粗俗) words”, specifically to address this issue, expressing the need to reduce online language misuse and strengthen the protection of Chinese. However, many experts and scholars of linguistics and communication including Feng Zhiwei disagree. Feng, believes that Internet language is a natural product of the dynamic development of language, and it is not necessary to ban it. 50．What can we learn about internet slangs from paragraph 2 and 3? A．They are formal. B．They are funny and carefree. C．They are flooded among pupils. D．They were supported by all people. 51．What is Feng Zhiwei’s opinion about internet slangs? A．They are natural. B．They are misused. C．They should be banned. D．They are disappearing. 52．Which word best describe the authors attitude to internet slangs? A．Doubtful B．Objective C．Indifferent D．Favorable 【答案】50．C 51．A 52．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了网络用语的发展，以及各界人员对网络用语的态度。 50．推理判断题。根据第二段中“On many occasions, the composition she has received from pupil have been flooded with abbreviated slangs (网络梗). (在很多情况下，她从学生那里得到的作文中充斥着缩写的俚语。)”及第三段“During last year’s Two Sessions, several representatives put forward proposals such as “regulating online language” and “banning vulgar(粗俗) words”, specifically to address this issue, expressing the need to reduce online language misuse and strengthen the protection of Chinese. (在去年的两会上，几位代表提出了“规范网络语言”、“禁止粗俗”等提案，专门针对这一问题，表达了减少网络语言滥用、加强汉语保护的需要。)”可知，网络用语在学生之间非常的泛滥以至于要减少网络语言的滥用，故选C项。 51．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, many experts and scholars of linguistics and communication including Feng Zhiwei disagree. Feng, believes that Internet language is a natural product of the dynamic development of language, and it is not necessary to ban it. (然而，包括冯志伟在内的许多语言学和传播学专家学者并不同意这种说法。冯认为，网络语言是语言动态发展的自然产物，没有必要禁止它。)”可知，冯教授认为网络用语是社会发展下的自然产物，没有必要禁止其发展，故选A项。 52．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Some believe it makes language weaker but some see a brighter side, believing it makes online communication easier between strangers. (有些人认为它使语言变弱，但有些人看到了光明的一面，认为它使陌生人之间的在线交流更容易。)”可知，作者对网络用语这一社会现象的态度是客观的，故选B项。 主题02 人与社会——文学艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市北辰区·期中） Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all over the world are fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play musical instruments. Music isn’t only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat. Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. Many of the new bands have been able to use changes in technology to develop their music such as computerised drum machines, synthesisers and other electronic instruments. Tastes differ. So people’s musical interests range from pop and rock music to classical music and opera. My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is full of energy. When I listen to pop music it makes me remember happy times and forget the problems of everyday life. I also enjoy listening to classical music. The music I hate is heavy metal. I find it noisy. When I listen to this style of music it presents to my mind pictures of dark days. My mother and father agree with my tastes in music. Though they prefer to listen to classical, they think that modern music is not too bad. Music appeals to our hearts. It comforts our souls and enriches (充实) our minds. Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration. 53．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Several types of music. B．Different musical tastes. C．The development of musical styles. D．The importance of music in our lives. 54．How is the second paragraph developed? A．By describing courses. B．By analysing reasons. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 55．Which of the following is TRUE about the music in Great Britain? A．It has produced many popular music stars in the world. B．It fails to apply new technology in the performances. C．Many new bands insist on traditional instruments. D．British groups fall behind the new trends now. 56．Why does the author like pop music? A．It is played with electronic instruments. B．It is characterised by a steady beat. C．It is loud and strong. D．It sounds energetic. 57．What is the author’s parents’ attitude towards his musical taste? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Dissatisfied. D．Unconcerned. 【答案】53．D 54．C 55．A 56．D 57．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是音乐在我们生活中的重要性，作者认为音乐能抚慰我们的灵魂，丰富我们的思想，音乐是声音中的美，是我们灵感的神奇源泉。 53．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all over the world are fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play musical instruments.(你能想象没有音乐的日子吗？我们在任何地方都能听到音乐：在街上和家里，通过收音机和电视，在商店和公园。全世界的人都喜欢音乐。他们听音乐，跟着音乐跳舞，学习演奏乐器)”可知，全世界的人都喜欢音乐，我们在任何地方都能听到音乐，所以音乐存在于我们生活的角角落落。由此可知，第一段的主要内容是讲音乐在我们生活中的重要性。故选D项。 54．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“There are lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat.(有很多不同种类的音乐。有些是很久以前出现的，有些是现代的。民间音乐很久以前就出现了，但现在仍然很流行。民间音乐很久以前就出现了，但现在仍然很流行。民歌听起来很悦耳。古典音乐常与过去的音乐联系在一起。说唱乐是一种现代音乐风格，歌手用稳定的节奏随着音乐及时说出或大声喊出歌词)”可知，文章第二段在介绍音乐的种类时列举了民间音乐、民歌、说唱乐等等这些不同的音乐形式。由此推知，第二段是通过举例子说明不同的音乐种类展开的。故选C项。 55．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. Many of the new bands have been able to use changes in technology to develop their music such as computerised drum machines, synthesisers and other electronic instruments.(英国产生的流行音乐明星比其他任何国家都多。英国乐队经常引领音乐的新潮流。新的风格、组合和歌手不断出现。许多新乐队已经能够利用技术上的变化来发展他们的音乐，比如电脑化的鼓机、合成器和其他电子乐器)”可知，英国乐队经常引领音乐的新潮流，所以D项不对；英国的许多新乐队已经能够利用技术上的变化来发展他们的音乐，所以B项不对；新乐队也能够利用新的音乐设备比如电脑化的鼓机、合成器和其他电子乐器来发展他们的音乐，所以C项不对，由本段第一句话知英国产生的流行音乐明星比其他任何国家都多，所以A项It has produced many popular music stars in the world(它在世界上产生了许多流行的音乐明星)正确。故选A项。 56．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is full of energy.(我最喜欢的音乐风格是流行音乐，因为它充满活力)”可知，我喜欢流行音乐因为它听起来精力充沛。故选D项。 57．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“My mother and father agree with my tastes in music. Though they prefer to listen to classical, they think that modern music is not too bad.(我的父母认同我在音乐方面的品味。虽然他们更喜欢听古典音乐，但他们认为现代音乐还不错)”可知，我的父母认同我在音乐方面的品味，他们虽然更喜欢古典乐，但是认为现代音乐还不错。由此推知，作者的父母对他的音乐品味很支持。故选B项。 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市南开中学·期中） Naming hurricane New research from the University of Illinois finds that hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths than those with male names. The study examined over 60 years of hurricanes which hit the US. The results showed there were higher death tolls, on average, when the hurricanes were given a female name. This wasn’t because female-named hurricanes were any more severe; rather that people’s behavior changed. Sharon Shavitt, one of the authors of the report, explained: “In judging the intensity of a storm, people appear to be applying their beliefs about how men and women behave. This makes a female-named hurricane, such as Belle or Candy, seem gentle and less violent.” People unconsciously say to themselves: how could I be killed by a hurricane called Candy? In fact, hurricanes are named arbitrarily, and the names tell you nothing about the severity of the storm. But, if people in the path of the storm are letting its name affect whether they take shelter, what we call it may matter more than we think. Having searched through the records, the researchers returned to the lab to test their finding experimentally. People were given a series of hypothetical storms with male and female names and asked to make judgments about their intensity and the risk they faced. The results showed that people often regarded male-named hurricanes, like Hurricane Christopher or Hurricane Victor as more intense and riskier than the female-named ones, like Hurricane Alexandra and Hurricane Christina. Shavitt continued, “People imagining a ‘female’ hurricane were not as willing to seek shelter. The fixed ideas that underlie (是……的基础) these judgments are subtle and not necessarily hostile toward women - they may involve viewing women as warmer and less aggressive than men.” The fact is that until the late 1970s, hurricanes were always given female names, as they were thought to represent women’s qualities like unpredictability. This practice - and the sexist reasoning behind it - was rightly abandoned in favour of choosing between male and female. Strangely, though, what we’ve learnt is that we’d be better off naming all hurricanes after men to take advantage of people’s fixed views. The researchers estimate that changing a severe hurricane’s name from “Eloise” to “Charles” could potentially cut the death toll by one-third. Perhaps the naming of hurricane is one specific situation where we shouldn’t worry about being sexist, if being a little sexist is going to save lives. 58．Hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths because . A．male named hurricanes are not terrible B．female-named hurricanes are more severe C．people think the female-named hurricanes are not severe D．people prefer to challenge the male-named hurricanes 59．The underlined word “arbitrarily” in Paragraph 2 probably means . A．for humor B．on purpose C．by chance D．in turn 60．According to the passage, which name can possibly cut the death toll? A．Eloise. B．Candy. C．Christina. D．Charles. 61．Why did hurricane naming conventions change from only female names to both male and female names in the late 1970s? A．It was realized that hurricanes should not be gendered. B．People desired to honor both male and female historical figures. C．People recognized the previous naming convention was based on sexist reasoning. D．The number of hurricanes requiring more diverse names to avoid repetition increased. 62．It can be inferred from the passage that . A．future hurricanes will be named after men more often B．being sexist in naming hurricanes helps save lives C．sexism in naming hurricanes will be banned D．rules of naming hurricanes will be changed 【答案】58．C 59．C 60．D 61．C 62．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了飓风的命名与飓风风暴强度之间的关系，以及有可能引起的性别歧视问题。 58．细节理解题。 根据第一段“This wasn’t because female-named hurricanes were any more severe; rather that people’s behavior changed. (这并不是因为女性命名的飓风更严重；而是人们的行为改变了。)”以及第二段“People unconsciously say to themselves: how could I be killed by a hurricane called Candy? (人们不自觉地对自己说：我怎么会被一个叫Candy的飓风杀死呢？)”可知，带有女性名字的飓风可能会造成更多的死亡是因为人们认为女性命名的飓风并不严重。故选C。 59．词句猜测题。 根据划线词上文“People unconsciously say to themselves: how could I be killed by a hurricane called Candy? (人们不自觉地对自己说：我怎么会被一个叫Candy的飓风杀死呢？)”及下文“and the names tell you nothing about the severity of the storm (这些名字并不能告诉你风暴的严重程度)”可知，人们因为飓风的名字是Candy，而对其严重程度产生误解，实际上名字与飓风的严重程度无关。由此可知，飓风的名字是随机命名的。由此推知，划线单词arbitrarily与by chance“偶然”意思接近。故选C。 60．细节理解题。 根据最后一段“The researchers estimate that changing a severe hurricane’s name from “Eloise” to “Charles” could potentially cut the death toll by one-third. (研究人员估计，将严重飓风的名字从“Eloise”改为“Charles”可能会使死亡人数减少三分之一。)”可知，以Charles命名的飓风可能会使死亡人数减少三分之一。故选D。 61．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“This practice - and the sexist reasoning behind it - was rightly abandoned in favour of choosing between male and female. (这种做法——以及其背后的性别歧视推理——被正确地抛弃，转而支持在男性和女性之间进行选择。)”可知，20世纪70年代末飓风的命名惯例会从仅使用女性名字转变为同时使用男性和女性名字是因为人们认识到以前的命名惯例是基于性别歧视的推理。故选C。 62．推理判断题。 根据最后一段“Perhaps the naming of hurricane is one specific situation where we shouldn’t worry about being sexist, if being a little sexist is going to save lives. (如果轻微的性别歧视能够挽救生命，那么或许在给飓风命名的特定情况下，我们不必过于担心是否存在性别歧视。)”可知，给飓风命名时带有性别歧视有助于拯救生命。故选B。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市实验中学滨海学校·期中） There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways. However, thanks to the advances in medical science, surgical techniques have improved considerably. Compared with the traditional open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (微创手术)has several benefits to offer. Not only is the procedure quick and less painful, but also ensures rapid recovery. Now, surgical procedures, either big or small, are done within a few minutes to a few hours. The best part about the minimally invasive surgery is the painless procedure. The advanced techniques are helping with quality treatments to patients who have to undergo (进行) surgical procedures. Unlike the traditional open surgery that requires a large cut, a surgeon makes multiple tiny cuts of less than an inch. For the process, the surgeon uses small surgical instruments, such as a tiny tube with a mini camera at one end. Once the surgeon marks the cuts, he then passes the tiny tube through one of the cuts. The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference. These images give the surgeon a clear picture of the area undergoing the surgery. After the surgery, the surgeon cleans the cuts and sometimes places a bandage for additional support. Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option. 63．What makes people afraid of surgery? A．The large cut. B．The great risk. C．The high expense. D．The slow recovery. 64．What can surgeons use as a reference in the surgery? A．The previous treatment plan. B．The images by the mini camera. C．The standard surgical procedures. D．The advice from other surgeons. 65．Who might benefit most from the minimally invasive surgery? A．Patients in need of additional support. B．Patients lack of regular checkups. C．Patients with several medical conditions. D．Patients scared of surgical instruments. 66．What is the author’s attitude towards minimally invasive surgery? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 67．Where is the passage probably from? A．A medical magazine. B．An online medical forum. C．A technique discovery. D．An advertisement for a medical product. 【答案】63．A 64．B 65．C 66．D 67．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了微创手术的优点，让它成为外科手术最好的选择。 63．细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways.”（曾经有一段时间，“手术”这个词用来吓唬人，他们会尽最大努力避免手术。这种感觉是可以理解的，因为身体上的大伤口在很多方面都让人不舒服。）可知，大的伤口让人们害怕手术。故选A项。 64．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference.”（医生在屏幕上监控微型摄像机拍摄的图像，并将其作为参考。）可知，外科医生在手术中可以使用微型相机拍摄的图像作为参考。故选B项。 65．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions.”（微创手术已成为多种疾病患者的首选。）可知，患有多种疾病的病人可能从微创手术中受益最大。故选C项。 66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option.”（微创手术已成为多种疾病患者的首选。事实上，说这些手术现在是许多常规手术的标准手术程序并没有错。无论你是有小问题，还是想要手术治疗重大健康问题，这都是最好的选择。）故可推知，作者对微创手术的态度是支持的。故选D项。 67．推理判断题。根据第一段的“However, thanks to the advances in medical science, surgical techniques have improved considerably.”（然而，由于医学的进步，手术技术有了很大的提高。）和第二段的“Compared with the traditional open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (微创手术) has several benefits to offer.”（与传统的开放手术相比，微创手术有几个优点。）以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了微创手术的优点，让它成为外科手术最好的选择。因此推断文章最有可能出现在医学杂志上。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Three-dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States. Three-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue(生物学上的组织). Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have been working on creating and manufacturing living tissue since 2003. This process is called biofabrication (生物制造). It requires special printing equipment and a special kind of ink. Traditional printers require ink to produce an image or design on a piece of paper. For their three-D printer, the South Carolina researchers prepare complex nutritious solutions they call bio-inks. Bio-inks are made of proteins and glucose(葡萄糖), which normally provides energy for most cells of the body. The researchers also add living cells taken from the animal that will receive the new, printed tissue. The bio-inks are then added to a device that researchers call the Palmetto bio-printer. Sarah Grace Dennis is one of the researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina. She says new technology, like the Palmetto bio-printer, is a great help to the biofabrication process. “When I got here a year ago, we were printing acellular(非细胞的) bio-inks to see if patterns could be printed. And now we are printing skeletal muscle replica implants(骨骼肌肉复制品移植物) that we have been implanting into rats.” The bio-inks are placed in three dispensers(分配器), containers, inside the printer. Lasers control both the position of the printing surface and the places where the bio-ink is released. Michael Yost is a leader of the research team. He says the printing process is fully automated-machine-operated. He says that the Palmetto bio-printer makes it possible to create complex tissue types. The researchers say bio-printing is still experimental. But they hope in a few years they may be able to print tissue to replace damaged human organs(器官). However, there are still some concerns with biofabrication. Some scientists worry about how to get blood to the replacement tissue. The flow of blood is important to keep the printed tissue alive. Michael Yost hopes that more people will believe in the benefits of biofabification.“Tissue biofabrication is a reality, and it is a reality now, and if you come here and you get to see it. You can’t touch it, but you will see it and think this is real. And this is really human.” 68．What can we learn about 3-D printers from paragraph 1? A．They are playing a bugger role around the world. B．They are gaining popularity quickly in the States. C．They are bringing severe challenges to patients. D．They are. mainly used to make simple things now. 69．According to Sarah Grace Dennis, ________. A．new technology has made the biofabrication process possible B．the biofabrication process has become perfect now C．acellular bio-inks have been widely used in the US. D．printing skeletal muscle replica implants is impossible at present 70．According to Michael Yost, we can infer that the Palmetto bio-printer ________. A．can work perfectly without power B．can only be found in the United States C．has already been used to treat the patients D．has a bright future in medical application 71．Which of the following is one of the problems with biofabrication according to the passage? A．People are worried about the safety of the biofabrication process. B．The price of the bio-printer is too high and most people can’t afford it. C．Scientists have difficulty in getting blood to the replacement tissue. D．Researchers can’t find enough living cells of animals to make the bio-inks. 72．We can know from the passage that ________. A．the fast growing demand for biofabrication worries people B．special bio-inks are developed and bio-printing is being experimented C．the use of the bio-printer is spreading widely around the world D．the 3-D printer. has already been applied widely in treating patients 【答案】68．B 69．A 70．D 71．C 72．B 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国科学家们正在研究的生物制造，这一需要创造和生产出生物学上的组织的过程需要特殊的生物打印及和生物墨水。虽然生物打印技术仍在实验阶段，人们对生物制造也有一些担忧，但仍有望在几年后能够打印出替代人体受损器官的组织。 68．细节理解题。根据第一段“Three-dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States.”（在美国，三维打印机正迅速成为日常设备。）可知，3D打印机在美国迅速流行起来。故选B。 69．推理判断题。根据第四段“She says new technology, like the Palmetto bio-printer, is a great help to the biofabrication process.”（她说，像棕榈生物打印机这样的新技术对生物制造过程有很大的帮助。）和“And now we are printing skeletal muscle replica implants(骨骼肌肉复制品移植物) that we have been implanting into rats.”（现在我们正在打印已经植入老鼠体内的骨骼肌肉复制品移植物。）可知，Sarah认为，新技术已经使生物制造过程成为可能。故选A。 70．推理判断题。根据第五段“He says that the Palmetto bio-printer makes it possible to create complex tissue types.”（他说，Palmetto生物打印机使制造复杂的组织类型成为可能。）可知，Michael Yost认为Palmetto生物打印机使制造复杂的组织类型成为可能，可见它在医学应用方面有着光明的未来。故选D。 71．细节理解题。根据第六段“Some scientists worry about how to get blood to the replacement tissue. The flow of blood is important to keep the printed tissue alive.”（一些科学家担心如何将血液输送到替代组织，血液的流动对于保持打印组织的存活是很重要的。）可知，在生物制造过程中，科学家们在将血液输送到替代组织方面存在困难。故选C。 72．细节理解题。根据第三段“For their three-D printer, the South Carolina researchers prepare complex nutritious solutions they call bio-inks.”（南卡罗来纳州的研究人员为他们的3d打印机准备了复杂的营养溶液，他们称之为生物墨水。）和“The bio-inks are then added to a device that researchers call the Palmetto bio-printer.”（然后将生物墨水添加到研究人员称之为棕榈生物打印机的设备中。）可知，特殊的用于生物打印的生物墨水已经被研制出来了；根据第六段“The researchers say bio-printing is still experimental.”（研究人员表示，生物打印仍处于实验阶段。）可知，生物打印还处于实验当中。故选B。 议论文 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市西青区杨柳青第一中学·期中） If you seek happiness, then you need to know what happiness is for you. I don’t believe there is one universal definition (普遍定义) of happiness. Happiness is a very subjective (主观的) emotion, according to me. Put two people in identical situation: same amount of money, life experiences, etc. and you can be pretty sure that they both wouldn’t feel equally happy or equally sad. I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us. It is this kind of happiness that I find more interesting. The second kind of happiness that I talk about comes from our expectations out of our lives, which vary from person to person. For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find. They are constantly in search of these things in life, which always seem to elude them. Those things may be money or fame or power or any of the other pursuits (追求) that humans have, but it would be likely that such people are less likely to be happy, if their goals are not met. In most cases, even after their goals are met, they don’t find happiness, because they seek more — new goals, new wish lists, and it’s a seemingly never-ending process for them! On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc. Of course, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t have any expectations at all. You should keep those expectations reasonable and manageable. 73．Which of the following is the author’s opinion according to Paragraph 1? A．Happiness has only one universal definition. B．Every individual has his own happiness. C．There are no people who are really happy. D．Happiness means having money and power. 74．What does the underlined part “these things” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．Daily demands. B．Life experiences. C．Ideas about happiness. D．Expectations out of life. 75．Even if their goals are met, some people still don’t feel happy because . A．they gave too much for their goals B．they don’t know what happiness is C．they have new goals that need achieving D．they think sadness is a never-ending process 76．What kind of person is likely to be happy in the author’s opinion? A．He who has a lot of expectations. B．He who has no goals at all. C．He who has a great ambition or dream. D．He who can find fun from his daily life. 77．The author writes this passage mainly to tell readers . A．the reasons for being happiness B．the importance of happiness C．to enjoy every day to the fullest D．to give up their dreams and be practical 【答案】73．B 74．D 75．C 76．D 77．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了幸福的概念和寻找幸福的方法。作者提到了两种幸福：一种是普遍存在的幸福，另一种是个人特定的幸福。作者指出，那些对生活抱有很高期望的人可能很难找到幸福，因为他们不断追求着无法得到的东西。相比之下，那些能够接受现实并享受生活中简单的快乐的人更容易感到幸福。 73．细节理解题。根据第一段“I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us.(我相信这是因为有两种幸福。有一种幸福，是普遍存在的；还有一种幸福，是我们每个人都有不同的幸福)”可知，作者认为存在两种幸福，一种是普遍的幸福，一种是每个个体不同的幸福。故选B。 74．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find.(例如，一个对他或她的生活期望很高的人可能会发现幸福很难找到)”以及“They are constantly in search of”可知，对生活期望很高的人不断地寻找对生活的期望。由此推知，划线词指的是“对生活的期望”。故选D。 75．细节理解题。根据第二段“In most cases, even after their goals are met, they don’t find happiness, because they seek more — new goals, new wish lists, and it’s a seemingly never-ending process for them!(在大多数情况下，即使他们的目标实现了，他们也找不到幸福，因为他们追求更多——新的目标，新的愿望清单，这对他们来说似乎是一个永无止境的过程！)”可知，尽管有些人实现了目标，可是他们依旧不幸福，是因为他们要追求更多的新目标，这对他们来说似乎是一个永无止境的过程。故选C。 76．细节理解题。根据最后一段“On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc. (另一方面，一个接受生活并充分利用每一天的人更有可能每天都很快乐。他们没有压力或目标来占据他们的思想，他们可以从日常生活的简单快乐中获得幸福，寻找爱情，为家人和孩子腾出时间，看着他们的孩子成长等等)”可知，一个接受生活并且充分利用每一天的人，在简单的生活中获得幸福。故选D。 77．推理判断题。根据第一段“I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us.(我相信这是因为有两种幸福。有一种幸福，是普遍存在的；还有一种幸福，是我们每个人都有不同的幸福)”以及最后一段中“On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc.(另一方面，一个接受生活并充分利用每一天的人更有可能每天都很快乐。他们没有压力或目标来占据他们的思想，他们可以从日常生活的简单快乐中获得幸福，寻找爱情，为家人和孩子腾出时间，看着他们的孩子成长等等)”以及通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讨论了幸福的概念和寻找幸福的方法。作者指出，那些对生活抱有很高期望的人可能很难找到幸福，因为他们不断追求着无法得到的东西。相比之下，那些能够接受现实并享受生活中简单的快乐的人更容易感到幸福。由此推知，本篇文章的目的是告诉读者们充分的享受当下的每一天，接受当下的每一天并享受生活中简单的快乐是最能够感到幸福的。故选C。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市滨海新区汉沽第一中学·期中） Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why? Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their free time. In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. And when you do something good to others, you will feel happy, too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them, you can see that happiness is always around you. True happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you can not always say you are poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, “Life is like a revolving (旋转的) door. When it closes, it also opens.” If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person. 78．Happiness is for . A．those who have large and beautiful houses B．those who have cars C．those who have a lot of money D．all people 79．When you do something wrong, . A．you may correct it B．you will have no chance to challenge yourself C．anybody will laugh at you D．you will be happy 80．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．When you get success, your friends will be very proud of you. B．You can get help from others when you make mistakes. C．You can still be a happy person even if you have little money. D．All the above. 81．Why do we say “Happiness is not the same as money”? Because . A．money always brings happiness B．money doesn’t always bring happiness C．everything can be bought with money D．only rich people have happiness 82．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Do Something Good to Others B．Happy and Lucky C．What is True Happiness D．Life and Success 【答案】78．D 79．A 80．D 81．B 82．C 【导语】本文是议论文。作者关于“幸福是什么”提出自己的观点：每个人都会拥有幸福，幸福是内心的感受，幸福和金钱不是同一回事。 78．细节理解题。根据文章首句“Happiness is for everyone (幸福属于每个人)”可知，幸福是属于每一个人的，每一个人都会拥有幸福。故选D。 79．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. (当你在学校遇到困难时，你的朋友会帮助你；当你努力学习时，你的父母总是关心你的生活和健康；当你获得成功时，你的朋友会向你祝贺；当你做错事时，你周围的人会帮助你纠正它)”可知，当你做错事的时候，你身边的人会帮助你改正。故选A。 80．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. (当你在学校遇到困难时，你的朋友会帮助你；当你努力学习时，你的父母总是关心你的生活和健康；当你获得成功时，你的朋友会向你祝贺；当你做错事时，你周围的人会帮助你纠正它)”可知，当你成功的时候，你的朋友会祝贺你，为你感到骄傲；当你做错事的时候，你会得到身边的人的帮助，改正错误；根据第三段中“When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. (当你很穷的时候，你也可以说你很幸福，因为你拥有了用钱买不到的东西)”可知，当你贫穷的时候，你也会很幸福，因为你拥有用钱买不到的其他东西。由此可知，上面的三个说法都是正确的。故选D。 81．推理判断题。文章第一段“Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why? Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads in their free time. (幸福属于每个人。你不需要关心那些有漂亮房子、大花园和游泳池的人，或者那些有好车和很多钱的人等等。为什么？因为那些有大房子的人可能经常感到孤独，而那些有车的人可能想在空闲时间走在乡间小路上)”可知，钱并不总是带来幸福；第三段中“When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. (当你很穷的时候，你也可以说你很幸福，因为你拥有了用钱买不到的东西)”可知，幸福和金钱并不是同一回事，金钱并不总是会带来幸福。故选B。 82．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. (事实上，只要你用心，幸福就在你身边)”和第三段中“True happiness is not the same as money. (真正的幸福和金钱不一样)”可知，文章论述了什么是真正的幸福，标题应该为“What is True Happiness (什么是真正的幸福)”。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高二上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Female role models are having a moment. In the United States, there is a female vice president. The women’s soccer team is fighting a public, uphill battle for equal pay. Women are even making their way into what had seemed a permanent men’s club: the senior operation ranks of the armed forces. Role models inspire people by showing what is actually possible. Research supports that it works: these pioneers not only help us imagine where we might go but also map out the path there. Role models have also been shown to have a bigger impact on women and underrepresented communities—those who have not easily achieved their goals. Seeing more women in the world of science, girls of today are more likely, when asked to draw a scientist, to draw a woman than those in past decades. Even one role model can benefit a child, helping them perform better in school and maintain a positive attitude. However, the idea of “good role models” needs an update, especially when it comes to girls; otherwise the endless stream of shining snapshots of achievement they see can actually lead to self-doubt. In addition to role models, our work on girls and the process of building confidence has found that what girls really need are “work in progress” models. Girls tend to judge themselves harshly and suffer from perfectionism. They need to see the struggles and failures in their role models, as well as great perseverance. Anything that suggests success effortlessly achieved can be discouraged rather than inspired, playing into girls’ worst self-doubt thinking patterns. Helping girls see the extraordinary in the seemingly ordinary is a good solution to unrealistic expectations. “Everyday heroes have a special impact,” said the child psychologist Bonnie Zucker. “Take a young girl who has to shoulder-the-responsibility for raising her brothers or sisters for some reason. She might not have attractive social media presence, but her bravery, devotion, and emotional labor are, in fact, heroic.” 83．What is Paragraph 1 mainly talking about? A．Some jobs suitable for females. B．Some influences of female role models. C．Females’ challenges at the workplace. D．Females’ achievements in different fields. 84．What can we infer about role models from Paragraph 2? A．They give us realistic guides to success. B．They help us know more outstanding people. C．They are preferred by female groups. D．They show us the value of keeping learning. 85．What influence can the snapshots of achievement have on girls? A．Broadening their minds. B．Inspiring them to dream big. C．Driving them to work harder. D．Making them doubt themselves. 86．Why do girls need “work in progress” models? A．They make them achieve success quickly. B．They help them accept their imperfect selves. C．They teach them to be strict with themselves. D．They encourage them to follow their dreams. 87．What does the author imply by mentioning Bonnie Zucher’s words? A．Many girls’ expectations are unrealistic. B．Girls have a strong sense of responsibility. C．Girls can follow heroic examples in daily life. D．Social activities are of great importance to girls. 【答案】83．D 84．A 85．D 86．B 87．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了女性榜样的力量及产生原因和造成的影响。 83．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the United States, there is a female vice president. The women’s soccer team is fighting a public, uphill battle for equal pay. Women are even making their way into what had seemed a permanent men’s club: the senior operation ranks of the armed forces.”（在美国，有一位女性副总统。女子足球队正在进行一场公开的、艰苦的平等之战。女性甚至进入了一个似乎是永久性的男性俱乐部：武装部队的高级行动级别。）可知，第一段主要介绍了女性在不同领域取得的成就。故选D项。 84．推理判断题。根据第二段“Role models have also been shown to have a bigger impact on women and underrepresented communities—those who have not easily achieved their goals.”（榜样也被证明对妇女和代表性不足的社区——那些不容易实现目标的社区——有更大的影响。）及“Even one role model can benefit a child, helping them perform better in school and maintain a positive attitude.”（即使是一个榜样也能让孩子受益，帮助他们在学校表现更好，并保持积极的态度。）可推断出，榜样可以为我们提供了通往成功的现实指南。故选A项。 85．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, the idea of “good role models” needs an update, especially when it comes to girls; otherwise the endless stream of shining snapshots of achievement they see can actually lead to self-doubt.”（然而，“好榜样”的概念需要更新，尤其是在女孩方面；否则，源源不断的成就快照实际上会导致自我怀疑。）可知，成就快照对女孩产生的影响是会导致她们的自我怀疑。故选D项。 86．推理判断题。根据第三段“Girls tend to judge themselves harshly and suffer from perfectionism, They need to see the struggles and failures in their role models, as well as great perseverance. Anything that suggests success effortlessly achieved can be discouraged rather than inspired, playing into girls’ worst self-doubt thinking patterns.”（女孩往往会严厉地评判自己，并遭受完美主义的折磨。她们需要看到自己的榜样身上的挣扎和失败，以及巨大的毅力。任何暗示毫不费力就能取得成功的东西都可能受到阻碍，而不是受到鼓舞，这正好迎合了女孩们最糟糕的自我怀疑思维模式。）可知，女孩需要“进行中的工作”模式通过看到榜样的挣扎和失败，从而帮助她们接受不完美的自己。故选B项。 87．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Take a young girl who has to shoulder-the-responsibility for raising her brothers or sisters for some reason. She might not have attractive social media presence, but her bravery, devotion, and emotional labor are, in fact, heroic.”（以一个年轻女孩为例，由于某种原因，她不得不承担抚养兄弟姐妹的责任。她可能在社交媒体上没有引人注目的形象，但她的勇敢、奉献和情感劳动实际上是英雄般的）可知，作者提到邦妮·祖彻的话是为了让女孩们可以在日常生活中以英雄为榜样。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市河东区·期中） Parents do need to teach their kids financial responsibility and that money is earned. Still, many child-development experts agree that tying a child’s allowance(零花钱) to chores can be a wrong decision. Susie Walton advises keeping chores and allowances totally separate. “Allowance is one thing. When it comes to chores, life skills, responsibilities - that’s a whole different thing,” says Walton. Walton says, “When kids aren’t doing a chore, you don’t say, ‘Well, there goes your allowance.’ You’re going to sit them down and ask what’s going on. ‘We’re a team. We’re a family. We’ve got to have them done.’” Besides, by paying children for chores with an allowance, you’ll also be sending the message that work isn’t worth doing unless they’re getting paid for it. There are times when it would make sense to pay kids for chores. Most experts agree that it’s a fine idea to pay children money for extra jobs that are outside their normal set of chores, such as washing windows, washing the car or helping to clean out the garage - - - especially if the child is saving for a big item. This may even develop an entrepreneurial(企业家的) spirit to think outside of the box to earn money. For parents who are concerned that their children won’t learn the value of a dollar if the allowance isn’t tied to household chores, note that there are still plenty of money management skills to be learned from a straight allowance. Depending on the age, kids can be made responsible for paying for their own toys or snacks. “I really like having my own money,” says Kevin,9. “It’s up to me if I want to buy the cheap toy now, or save and get the better toy.” And that’s a good lesson to learn at 9 years old. No matter which allowance route you take in parenthood, kids will feel empowered by being able to handle their own money. 88．Which of the following would Susie Walton most probably agree with? A．Kids should be paid for doing chores. B．Kids shouldn’t be forced to do chores. C．Doing chores teaches kids the value of work. D．A child’s allowance shouldn’t be tied to chores. 89．According to Susie Walton, if kids don’t do chores, parents should ______ . A．teach them the entrepreneurial spirit B．talk to them about family responsibilities C．give them a smaller allowance than usual D．punish them by not giving them their allowances 90．In Paragraph 6, “a straight allowance” probably means “______”. A．money given by charity organizations B．money earned by doing part-time jobs C．money earned by doing everyday household chores D．money given by parents and not dependent on chores 91．What is the author’s attitude towards Kevin’s action? A．Worried. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Unfavorable. 92．What is the text mainly about? A．The importance of kids doing chores. B．Whether parents should pay kids for chores. C．The advantages of kids handling their own money. D．Whether parents should give kids regular allowances. 【答案】88．D 89．B 90．D 91．B 92．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母该不该让孩子做家务，怎样处理做家务与给零花钱的关系。 88．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Susie Walton advises keeping chores and allowances totally separate. “Allowance is one thing. When it comes to chores, life skills, responsibilities - that’s a whole different thing,” says Walton.(Susie Walton建议把家务和零用钱完全分开。“零用钱是一回事。当涉及到家务、生活技能、责任时——这是完全不同的事情，”Walton说。)”可知，SusieWalton认为chores和allowances不是一回事，因此她认为孩子的零用钱不应该和做家务联系在一起。故选D。 89．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““When kids aren’t doing a chore, you don’t say, ‘Well, there goes your allowance.’ You’re going to sit them down and ask what’s going on. ‘We’re a team. We’re a family. We’ve got to have them done.’” (“当孩子不做家务时，你不会说，‘好吧，这是你的零用钱。’你要让他们坐下来，问问发生了什么事。‘我们是一个团队。我们是一家人。我们必须把它们做完。’”)”可知，Susie Waltoni认为如果孩子不做家务，父母应该教给他们家庭责任。故选B。 90．词句猜测题。根据划线词之前“For parents who are concemned that their children won’t leam the value of a dollar if the allowance isn’t tied to household chores (父母们担心，如果零用钱与家务无关，他们的孩子就不会知道一美元的价值。)”可知，父母担心直接给零花钱孩子就不会知道一美元的价值，所以此处的a straight allowance指的是父母给孩子的零用钱，并不是孩子靠做家务赚的钱。故选D。 91．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“And that’s a good lsson to learn at 9 years old. (这对9岁的孩子来说是个很好的教训。)”可知，作者对Kevim行为的态度是赞成的。故选B。 92．主旨大意题。文章第一段“Parents do need to teach their kids financial responsibility and that money is earned. Still, many child-developmentexperts agree that tying a child's alowance to chores can be a slippery slope. Here’s why (父母确实需要教育他们的孩子经济责任，钱是挣来的。尽管如此，许多儿童发展专家都认为，把孩子的零用钱和家务联系在一起可能是一种滑坡效应。这就是为什么)”指出家长需要教育孩子经济责任，第二至六段主要是不同的人(包括孩子)对于父母该不该让孩子做家务以及该怎样处理做家务与给零花钱的关系的不同看法，纵观全文可知，文章主要讨论了父母该不该让孩子做家务以及该怎样处理做家务与给零花钱的关系。故选B。 Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高二上·天津市第一中学·期中） Every now and then, I take out a photo from my collection that brings back memories of an old vacation. It’s a picture of me from the late 1970s on a bench in London’s Victoria Station, my head resting against a wall, eyes closed with tiredness, clothes messed up. I used to love that shot. It was evidence of my leisure time, of travel, of interruption from the office: miles covered, sights seen, train stations raced through, goals achieved. However, as I leave work to hit the vacation trail this summer, I take along something extra. This traveling companion has a habit of ruining trips with feelings of guilt — the guilt that comes from attempting to vacation while thinking of the job. The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually give in to leisure is a long-running battle that has gone too far, driven by an over-scheduling craze. It has made many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy (玩忽职守). It’s hard to take it easy when you’ve been programmed not to. We have been taught for generations that work is the only goal. Time that is unfilled is evil, we are led to believe, and unplanned enjoyment should be avoided. This is reinforced today by a workplace culture that wants you to believe that advancement depends on your staying on the job. Research now shows, however, that leisure time can do something job advancement and money can’t. Leisure activities increase your desire to work, leadership skills, your sense of awareness and your ability to change. Free time also promotes a positive mood and sense of well-being, because it develops self-worth. Deep down, everyone knows we need time off to make our lives better. On holiday, using your productive output as a measure of yourself doesn’t work. This is because a vacation isn’t about output; it’s about input—exploring, learning, reflecting. The magic of a holiday is in the experience itself. This is the same as life satisfaction; it can’t be measured, only felt. The best part of a vacation isn’t going somewhere else; it’s being where you are, fully involved in the experience. 93．The author mentions the photo at the beginning because ________. A．it brings back good memories of a leisurely tour B．it shows how exhausting leisure travel can be C．it shows the writer once considered leisure travel as a goal in itself D．it proves interruptions from the office do not spoil the enjoyment of travel. 94．What does the underlined phrase “this traveling companion” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The feeling of guilt for not working. B．Interruptions from the office. C．Enjoying leisure time. D．Thinking of one’s goals. 95．Based on the information provided in the article, which of the following best illustrates the advantage of leisure time? A．It improves your productivity. B．It is good for personal development. C．It leads directly to job advancement. D．It helps you see your goals in life more clearly. 96．What does the author suggest people do while on vacation? A．Take leisure tours like he does. B．Ignore job advancement and money. C．Get rid of 24-7 technology when they are on vacation. D．Enjoy the experience of being on vacation. 【答案】93．A 94．A 95．B 96．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述了现代人在休闲与工作之间的冲突，特别是关于休假时的心理挣扎以及休闲时间对个人成长和幸福感的重要性。 93．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It was evidence of my leisure time, of travel, of interruption from the office: miles covered, sights seen, train stations raced through, goals achieved.(它证明了我的闲暇时间，旅行时间，以及从办公室中被打断的时间：走了几英里路，看过风景，匆匆走过火车站，实现了目标)”可知，作者在第一段提到那张照片，是因为它勾起了作者悠闲旅行的美好回忆。故选A。 94．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“This traveling companion has a habit of ruining trips with feelings of guilt — the guilt that comes from attempting to vacation while thinking of the job.(这个旅伴有个习惯，总是带着内疚感毁掉旅行——这种内疚感来自于一边度假一边想着工作)”和第四段的“The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually give in to leisure is a long-running battle that has gone too far, driven by an over-scheduling craze. It has made many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy (玩忽职守).(我们想要休息的时间和我们实际上屈服于休闲时的内疚感之间的冲突是一场旷日持久的战斗，在过度安排日程的狂热推动下，这场战斗已经走得太远了。这让很多人觉得他们的空闲时间是一种玩忽职守)”可知，“This traveling companion”指的是“去旅行而不工作的内疚感”。故选A。 95．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Leisure activities increase your desire to work, leadership skills, your sense of awareness and your ability to change. Free time also promotes a positive mood and sense of well-being, because it develops self-worth.(休闲活动增加你的工作欲望，领导能力，你的意识和你改变的能力。空闲时间也能促进积极的情绪和幸福感，因为它能培养自我价值)”可知，休闲时间对个人发展有好处。故选B。 96．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The magic of a holiday is in the experience itself.(假期的魔力在于体验本身)”以及最后一段“The best part of a vacation isn’t going somewhere else; it’s being where you are, fully involved in the experience.(度假最好的部分不是去别的地方；它是在你所在的地方，全身心地投入到体验中)”可知，作者建议人们度假时享受旅行的体验。故选D。 2 / 53 1 / 53 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $