精品解析：山东省济南市2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

2025—2026学年高中三年级摸底考试 英语试题 本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What probably is the girl’s favorite food? A. Chips. B. Salad. C. toast. 2. What is the man supposed to do on Saturday? A Take a course. B. Rest at home. C. Go over his lessons. 3. How much should the woman pay in total? A $31.5. B. $35. C. $38.5. 4. Where is the new owner of the house from? A. Arizona. B. California. C. New York. 5. Why did the man’s wife disagree with his plan? A. To be closer to her parents. B. To maintain a high salary. C. To live in a big house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How much might the electricity bill for August be? A.$100. B.$250. C.$350. 7. What does the woman request from the man? A. His phone number. B. His email address. C. His home address. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What classes does Seven Island Sports Center mainly offer? A. Swimming. B. Yoga. C. Dancing. 9. How many days per week can an Under Super member use the facilities? A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven. 10. Which membership does the man decide on? A. Under Super. B. Middle Class. C. Low Class. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the woman heading to Madrid? A. To travel. B. To attend a conference. C. To take up a new post. 12. What does the woman probably need to do before leaving? A. Pack her baggage. B. Apply for a visa. C. Book the flight. 13 What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Pick her up at the airport. B. Take her to the airport. C. Help with her work. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the girl do last this morning? A. She wrote her paper. B. She wrote a diary. C. She surfed the Internet. 15. Who invented the umbrella according to the girl? A. A German. B. An American. C. A Chinese. 16. When did the British first use umbrellas? A. In the 20th century. B. In about 450 BCE. C. In the 18th century. 17. What does the man probably do? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A historian. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What kind of event is The World of Ants? A. A lecture. B. A movie. C. A demonstration. 19. Where will the film be shown? A. In the Insect House. B. In Theatre C. C. In the Exhibition Room. 20. At what time will Tasha begin her display? A. 11:00 am. B. 2:30 pm. C. 3:45 pm. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Freshwater is vital for all life on our planet. Yet, in many places around the globe, our management of freshwater resources is becoming unsustainable. Understanding the interconnectedness and complexity of local and regional freshwater issues is critical to living sustainably on Earth. That’s why the National Geographic Society and the Nature Conservancy have joined forces to develop a program centered around a unique remote externship (校外实习) program for young adults worldwide. The Experience Throughout the externship, you will learn about freshwater conservation careers from weekly webinars (研讨会) featuring the National Geographic Society and the Nature Conservancy experts, your own research, and informative interviews conducted with local conservation organizations. During this externship, you will also: ·Gain knowledge of freshwater conservation issues and strategies through resources and case studies provided by the two partner organizations. ·Engage with local leaders, conservationists, and community members to grasp freshwater-related challenges and their impacts on the community. ·Apply primary and secondary research methods to investigate existing conservation initiatives and identify local freshwater issues. ·Conduct landscape and gap analyses to uncover conservation gaps and propose actionable solutions. ·Develop written and visual storytelling skills to effectively communicate key issues and community-based action strategies. Qualifications We are seeking young people aged 18-25 from around the globe interested in learning about introductory conservation approaches. No prior work experience or coursework in conservation or environmental topics is required. The program values diversity in beliefs, cultures, and backgrounds. Duration and Rewards Start Date July 14th, 2025 Format Fully remote Program Options Duration Hours/week Hourly Rate Additional Rewards 4 weeks 10 $5 $20 8 weeks 10 $6 $30 Note: Those who finish all required tasks (whether for the 4-week track or the 8-week track) will be qualified for an additional reward. 1. What is the purpose of this externship program? A. To promote international cooperation. B. To provide a hands-on field experience. C. To introduce freshwater-related careers. D. To help understand freshwater challenges. 2. What might participants do during the externship? A. Raise funds for the program. B. Document global case studies. C. Put forward workable solutions. D. Engage in making local policies. 3. How much will an 8-week extern earn at most upon full completion? A. $200. B. $220. C. $510. D. $480. B One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed. “We are completely swept up by the fast pace of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to unwind among the everyday chaos of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的)forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space. “I thought about how to create something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese craftsmanship to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires the investment of time,” she noted. Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “The changes in her work’s form between movement and stillness are projections of conceptual unrest,” said Su Dan, the artistic director of Hand of Wisdom, observing Hua’s shift since her return. “She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.” 4. Why did Hua Yong reach for her phone in Paragraph 1? A. She felt like taking a photo. B. She tried to have a rest among chaos. C. She intended to make a call. D. She had formed the habitual behavior. 5. What change did Hua Yong make after her Paris residency? A. She integrated Sino-French wood crafts. B. She applied geometric shapes creatively. C. She shifted to rare and simple materials. D. She adopted digital techniques flexibly. 6. What do we know about the works in Changing the World in Silence? A. They relied hardly on handwork. B. They mirrored the rush of modern life. C. They featured mental relaxation. D. They were well-appreciated by viewers. 7. What does Su Dan imply about Hua Yong? A. She underwent life unrest in Paris. B. She deserted wood craft traditions. C. Her works turn out the best models. D. Her works project a consistent idea. C Beneath the Pacific lies the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where tens of billions of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are packed with cobalt (钴). Seabed-mining companies promote them as “a battery in a rock” and “the easiest way to solve climate change.” They claim that those nodules can provide metals for 4.8 billion electric vehicles. Yet this promise threatens a biological treasure. Marine (海洋的) biologists reveal the CCZ shelters over 5,000 unique species in the darkness. The extensive mining of cobalt may lead to the loss of biodiversity. A company claimed to have found a solution to minimize the damage to the ecology and has already trialed a 25-ton collector robot designed to harvest these nodules. However, a 2023 study shows it can cause permanent destruction in the area. Commercial mining is not yet permitted in international waters. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is still determining how, and under what conditions, mining should be allowed. After 28 years of debate, its 168 member states still lack formal agreement. While companies advocate using nodule-collecting robots, 437 scientists from 44 countries demand an immediate stop.ISA studies confirm that just 10% mining of the CCZ may wipe out 50% of its species. Nor is it certain that cobalt mining will even be all that important in car-battery technology. Many battery companies are trying to recycle cobalt from spent batteries. In March, several major European carmakers jointly stated that they would not buy any metals produced from deep-sea mining before the environmental risks are “completely understood”. Meanwhile, several Chinese electric vehicle producers have already made the switch, recycling up to 95% of metals from used batteries. “Why rush to mine the ocean for metals becoming outdated?” said battery expert Gavin Harper. On June 8, 21 marine scientists from 8 universities finished a six-week research in the CCZ and packed up seafloor samples to take back to their labs for further analysis. “An assessment of the mining’s impact will take years of research,” says Andrew from Edinburgh. “I’m trying to get the best environmental data. And then it’s up to society to make the decision to go ahead.” 8. Why are the nodules called “a battery in a rock”? A. They contain valuable metals. B. They have recharging qualities. C. They own battery-like structures. D. They generate renewable power. 9. What can be inferred about the ISA? A. It prioritizes economic interests. B. It is guarded about seabed mining. C. It opposes commercial operations. D. It requires more technical support. 10. What does the author want to illustrate in Paragraph 4? A. Deep-sea mining meets demands. B. Carmakers reuse battery materials. C. Battery recycling needs promoting. D. Seabed mining for cobalt can wait. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Marine Mining, a Green Solution B. Cobalt, the Future of Batteries C. Ocean Metals, an Ocean Risk? D. CCZ the Treasure Unknown? D Have you ever felt so stressed that you just sort of froze? Your body goes still, you can’t feel much but, at the same time, your senses are working overtime. You know you must act soon; but it’s as if something is stopping you. This ‌“freezing”, or tonic immobility in academic terms, is an adaptive defense response to stress or danger. When we freeze, our heart rate drops and our blood pressure changes. Our pupils might become wider. A flood of hormones (荷尔蒙) spread quickly, readying us for action. It can all happen within seconds. While fight-or-flight seems logical for survival, freezing appears counterproductive — potentially too much to handle, making us incapable of acting or making a decision. But is that really all that’s going on? Not according to Prof Karin Roelofs, a neuroscientist who studies freezing at Radboud University.“Many people think that freezing is a kind of shutdown of the system,” she says.“What we actually find is that in threatening situations, freezing actually helps gain more information, prepare actions, and improve perception and decision-making.” Freezing acts like an emergency flow state: watchful, not petrified. Importantly, this response can be trained. Roelofs highlights two groups controlling freezing: living statues, street performers maintaining extreme stillness and snipers (狙击手) requiring absolute stillness while making decisions. Lab research confirms this. A virtual reality shooting game showed players with stronger freezing responses performed better and decided faster. Freezing doesn’t slow responses. “Brain noise reduces. Perception increases. You make better decisions faster,” Roelofs clarifies. But let’s say you’re not a sniper, or don’t spend your weekends as a living statue. What if you’re about to take an exam or lead a big business meeting? Those situations involving social pressure, may not be life or death, but still can cause freezing. The key is to use this response through training, particularly focused breathing: maintain slow, rhythmic exhalation (有节奏的呼气). Instead of feeling out of control, you can master it and — sniper or not — take your best shot. 12. What happens in “freezing” according to the text? A. Awareness is lost. B. The heart pounds. C. Senses are sharper. D. The breath quickens. 13. What does the underlined word “petrified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Confused. B. Panicked. C. Distressed. D. Occupied. 14. Why are living statues and snipers mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To contrast response types. B. To illustrate freezing causes. C. To support response training. D. To criticize stressful professions. 15. How should students manage exam freezing according to the text? A. Seek professional help. B. Apply trained breathing. C. Hold breath to stay still. D. Make last-minute revisions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When I first started traveling, my dad asked me what I was running away from. Another time, a friend told me to stop running away from my problems and to start living life. I’m not sure why. ____16____ We are running away from responsibilities, challenges, and ultimately, maturity itself. People think we are all just Peter Pans refusing to be “adults”. And to all those people, I say: you are right. ____17____ I’m running away from office life, commutes (通勤), weekend duties, and the strict path society has laid out as “normal”. I’m running away because I want to experience every culture, see every mountain, eat different food, attend crazy festivals, meet new people, and enjoy different holidays around the world. I want to construct a life that makes me happy. In our society, the accepted path is long and narrow: you go to college, get a job, get married, buy a house, have two or three children, raise them, and then retire. Only then, after you’ ve put in your time, can you enjoy the fruits of your labor. ____18____ And any deviation (偏差) is considered abnormal and strange. For me, those who travel the world aren’t running away from life. ____19____ They are exploring the world and living on their own terms. They have a degree of freedom a lot of people will never experience. They get to be the captains of their own ships. People may tell you they envy what you do, and say they wish they could travel like you. But they never do. Few people have the courage to take the risk. But life is what you make it out to be. Life is yours to create. ____20____ So I’m not running away. I am just going after my own life. And I never plan to look back. A. Traveling is something everyone should do. B. Responsible people don’t just travel forever. C. On the contrary, they are running toward true living. D. If you really want something, you have to go after it. E. I’m running away from people’s fixed idea of the‌ “real” world. F. But there is this perception that travelers must be escaping something. G. Society boxes you in and restricts your movements to their expectations. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Marcus was the type of person who never raised his hand, rarely made eye contact, and left the room the second the bell rang. Naturally, I assumed he was ____21____ or even rude since I was always sure that I had a good ____22____ on people. But everything began to change the day we were ____23____ up for a group project. When the teacher announced our ____24____ together, he looked over and gave me a small ____25____. No smile, no greeting, just that. I ____26____ my eyes, with no expectation to co-work well with him. To my ____27____, Marcus came to our first meeting prepared: he had notes, questions and even ____28____ for how we could divide the work fairly. I couldn’t help asking, “Are you always this ____29____?” He shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Only when I care.” At that moment, I realized words weren’t ____30____ he often used, but when he did, they ____31____. Over the next two weeks, we worked side by side. He wasn’t the person I thought he was. He didn’t avoid people; he just didn’t know how to ____32____. He didn’t look down on others; he was just shy. The day we presented our project, he spoke ____33____ and with surprising humor. After class, when our teacher praised us, I turned to Marcus and said, “I’m glad we got paired up.” He looked down, smiled slightly and replied, “Me too.” That day I realized how easy it is to misunderstand someone when you don’t ____34____ to look deeper. Since then, I’ve tried to listen more closely, ____35____ more slowly, and give people the space to show me who they are. 21. A. decent B. tolerant C. distant D. selfish 22. A. impact B. read C. hold D. impression 23. A. paired B. locked C. tied D. fed 24. A. addresses B. names C. jobs D. wishes 25. A. gift B. book C. shake D. nod 26. A. rolled B. lowered C. widened D. opened 27. A. excitement B. surprise C. relief D. regret 28. A. contributions B. opportunities C. suggestions D. possessions 29. A. talented B. impressed C. determined D. organized 30. A. chains B. toys C. tools D. weapons 31. A. replied B. emerged C. declined D. mattered 32. A. show off B. reach out C. carry on D. give in 33. A. angrily B. rapidly C. delicately D. confidently 34. A. forget B. fail C. bother D. hesitate 35. A. judge B. behave C. explain D. investigate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As trains thunder across the tracks like lightning, few people pause to think of the silent sentinels (守卫者) ____36____ (safeguard) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region’s 9,525.68 kilometers of railway, much of which cuts through the barren (贫瘠的) Gobi Desert. These devoted railway workers, who ____37____ (brave) face sandstorms and intense heat, carry on day and night. They light lamps against the wind and inspect every inch of the rail carefully ____38____ (ensure) safe and smooth journeys. ____39____ once relied on ropes and muscle has developed into a mechanized maintenance force now — sweat and steel work together constructing a modern Silk Road across the wilderness, ____40____ its reach extending beyond regional boundaries. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Xinjiang’s railways ____41____ (progress) rapidly under the strong and targeted ____42____ (guide) of national railway development strategies. By late 2024, the region’s operating length had doubled, growing from 4,914.2 kilometers in 2012 to 9,525.68 kilometers — ____43____ 93.84 percent increase. Xinjiang now has the world’s first desert railway loop (环线) around the Tarim Basin and a northern loop encircling the Junggar Basin, both of ____44____ have become vital lifelines for promoting ____45____ (strong) ethnic unity, faster regional development, and broader connectivity under the Belt and Road Initiative. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 下周是你校的“志愿者周”，请以“An Experience of Volunteering”为题写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿，内容包括： (1)你的一次志愿者服务经历； (2)你的感受和倡议。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Experience of Volunteering _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Fourteen-year-old Nathan ran a small stand selling colorful phone cases at the annual community Summer Carnival (嘉年华). While younger kids crowded around other attractions, he focused on his modest business. His real ambition, however, lay beyond this: he dreamed of owning a 3D printer. With it, he could design and create unique phone cases himself, transforming his small summer job into a proper online business. One afternoon, a 10-year-old girl named Michele stopped by and bought one phone case for her mom. As they talked, Nathan shared his dream of having a 3D printer. ‌“With that printer, I can print anything in any form,” Nathan said. “Anything in any form?” Michele’s eyes lit up with sudden excitement. “Once you get it, could you please make a leg for my pet duck Tim? Because he was missing one,” Michele said hopefully. “That’ s a cool project,” Nathan replied. He thought for a minute. “I’ll make him one, but it won’t be ready now. I have to save up some of the money myself to buy the 3D printer.” “How lucky Tim is! You are so kind!” Michele said happily, unable to contain her excitement. Before leaving, Michele exchanged phone numbers with Nathan. They discovered that they lived in the same neighborhood, which meant Nathan could easily get close to the duck and measure the size of its leg in person to ensure that a suitable prosthetic (假体的) leg could be made. He promised to reach out as soon as he could afford a printer. That evening, Nathan told his family about Michele and his promise. His parents praised his kindness and initiative. They agreed to offer some financial support to buy the printer but also emphasized the importance of his own effort. “We’re proud you’re earning this yourself, Nathan,” his father said. “Saving your share shows real commitment.” Nathan nodded firmly, feeling more determined than ever. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nathan worked very hard for the 3D printer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, creating the leg model was not easy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年高中三年级摸底考试 英语试题 本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What probably is the girl’s favorite food? A. Chips. B. Salad. C. toast. 2. What is the man supposed to do on Saturday? A. Take a course. B. Rest at home. C. Go over his lessons. 3. How much should the woman pay in total? A. $31.5. B. $35. C. $38.5. 4. Where is the new owner of the house from? A. Arizona. B. California. C. New York. 5. Why did the man’s wife disagree with his plan? A. To be closer to her parents. B. To maintain a high salary. C. To live in a big house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How much might the electricity bill for August be? A.$100. B.$250. C.$350. 7. What does the woman request from the man? A. His phone number. B. His email address. C. His home address. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What classes does Seven Island Sports Center mainly offer? A. Swimming. B. Yoga. C. Dancing. 9. How many days per week can an Under Super member use the facilities? A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven. 10. Which membership does the man decide on? A. Under Super. B. Middle Class. C. Low Class. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the woman heading to Madrid? A. To travel. B. To attend a conference. C. To take up a new post. 12. What does the woman probably need to do before leaving? A. Pack her baggage. B. Apply for a visa. C. Book the flight. 13. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Pick her up at the airport. B. Take her to the airport. C. Help with her work. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the girl do last this morning? A. She wrote her paper. B. She wrote a diary. C. She surfed the Internet. 15. Who invented the umbrella according to the girl? A. A German. B. An American. C. A Chinese. 16. When did the British first use umbrellas? A. In the 20th century. B. In about 450 BCE. C. In the 18th century. 17. What does the man probably do? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A historian. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What kind of event is The World of Ants? A. A lecture. B. A movie. C. A demonstration. 19. Where will the film be shown? A. In the Insect House. B. In Theatre C. C. In the Exhibition Room. 20. At what time will Tasha begin her display? A. 11:00 am. B. 2:30 pm. C. 3:45 pm. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Freshwater is vital for all life on our planet. Yet, in many places around the globe, our management of freshwater resources is becoming unsustainable. Understanding the interconnectedness and complexity of local and regional freshwater issues is critical to living sustainably on Earth. That’s why the National Geographic Society and the Nature Conservancy have joined forces to develop a program centered around a unique remote externship (校外实习) program for young adults worldwide. The Experience Throughout the externship, you will learn about freshwater conservation careers from weekly webinars (研讨会) featuring the National Geographic Society and the Nature Conservancy experts, your own research, and informative interviews conducted with local conservation organizations. During this externship, you will also: ·Gain knowledge of freshwater conservation issues and strategies through resources and case studies provided by the two partner organizations. ·Engage with local leaders, conservationists, and community members to grasp freshwater-related challenges and their impacts on the community. ·Apply primary and secondary research methods to investigate existing conservation initiatives and identify local freshwater issues. ·Conduct landscape and gap analyses to uncover conservation gaps and propose actionable solutions. ·Develop written and visual storytelling skills to effectively communicate key issues and community-based action strategies. Qualifications We are seeking young people aged 18-25 from around the globe interested in learning about introductory conservation approaches. No prior work experience or coursework in conservation or environmental topics is required. The program values diversity in beliefs, cultures, and backgrounds. Duration and Rewards Start Date July 14th, 2025 Format Fully remote Program Options Duration Hours/week Hourly Rate Additional Rewards 4 weeks 10 $5 $20 8 weeks 10 $6 $30 Note: Those who finish all required tasks (whether for the 4-week track or the 8-week track) will be qualified for an additional reward. 1. What is the purpose of this externship program? A. To promote international cooperation. B. To provide a hands-on field experience. C. To introduce freshwater-related careers. D. To help understand freshwater challenges. 2. What might participants do during the externship? A. Raise funds for the program. B. Document global case studies. C. Put forward workable solutions. D. Engage in making local policies. 3. How much will an 8-week extern earn at most upon full completion? A. $200. B. $220. C. $510. D. $480. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个针对全球年轻人的独特的远程校外实习项目，包括实习内容、资格要求、时长和奖励等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Understanding the interconnectedness and complexity of local and regional freshwater issues is critical to living sustainably on Earth. That’s why the National Geographic Society and the Nature Conservancy have joined forces to develop a program centered around a unique remote externship (校外实习) program for young adults worldwide.(了解当地和区域淡水问题的相互关联性和复杂性对于在地球上可持续生活至关重要。这就是为什么国家地理学会和大自然保护协会联手开发了一个项目，该项目围绕着一个针对全球年轻人的独特远程校外实习项目展开)”可知，这个校外实习项目的目的是帮助全球年轻人了解淡水挑战。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据During this externship, you will also:部分中的“·Conduct landscape and gap analyses to uncover conservation gaps and propose actionable solutions.(·进行景观和差距分析，以发现保护差距并提出可行的解决方案)”可知，参与者在实习期间可能会提出可行的解决方案。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中的“8 weeks；Hours/week：10；Hourly Rate：$6；Additional Rewards：$30(8周，每周小时数：10，每小时费率：6美元，额外奖励：30美元)”和最后一段“Note: Those who finish all required tasks (whether for the 4-week track or the 8-week track) will be qualified for an additional reward.(注意：完成所有必需任务的人(无论是4周课程还是8周课程)都有资格获得额外奖励)”可知，一个为期8周的实习生每周工作10小时，每小时6美元，完全完成任务后额外奖励30美元，即8×10×6+30=510美元。故选C项。 B One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed. “We are completely swept up by the fast pace of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to unwind among the everyday chaos of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的)forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space. “I thought about how to create something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese craftsmanship to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires the investment of time,” she noted. Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “The changes in her work’s form between movement and stillness are projections of conceptual unrest,” said Su Dan, the artistic director of Hand of Wisdom, observing Hua’s shift since her return. “She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.” 4. Why did Hua Yong reach for her phone in Paragraph 1? A. She felt like taking a photo. B. She tried to have a rest among chaos. C. She intended to make a call. D. She had formed the habitual behavior. 5. What change did Hua Yong make after her Paris residency? A. She integrated Sino-French wood crafts. B. She applied geometric shapes creatively. C. She shifted to rare and simple materials. D. She adopted digital techniques flexibly. 6. What do we know about the works in Changing the World in Silence? A. They relied hardly on handwork. B. They mirrored the rush of modern life. C. They featured mental relaxation. D. They were well-appreciated by viewers. 7. What does Su Dan imply about Hua Yong? A. She underwent life unrest in Paris. B. She deserted wood craft traditions. C. Her works turn out the best models. D. Her works project a consistent idea. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了木工艺术家华雍的创作理念、巴黎经历及作品意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed.(在法国工作室的一个静谧午后，木工技艺艺术家华雍发现自己正盯着煮开的水看。她下意识地伸手拿起手机，刷新了屏幕。就在那一刻，她意识到现代生活被速度吞噬得有多严重。)”可知，华雍拿起手机是形成了习惯性行为。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的) forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space.(华雍是2024年中法工艺交流项目“智慧之手”奖的获得者，去年她在巴黎度过了两个月难得的、不受打扰的时光，这让她得以深入思考创作行为。她开始尝试运用简单的几何形状，通过重复这些形状来创造似乎超越时空的视觉效果。)”可知，华雍在巴黎驻留后创造性地运用了几何形状。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua.(在北京艺术平台“艺述八号”举办的《用安静改变世界》展览，是她一年思考的成果展示。展览持续到6月中旬，共展出25件作品，其中有11件是她在巴黎驻留期间之后创作的。其中有一件漩涡状的桌子，它能将观者的思绪引入另一个维度。“我们希望这里的所有工艺品都能静静地陪伴着观者，让他们在精神上短暂逃离片刻，得到片刻的放松，”华雍这样描述道。)”可知，《用安静改变世界》中的作品以精神放松为特色。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.(她长期接触中国传统材料，并不断思考。在这种反思状态下创作的作品成为设计理念的典范：它们短暂却永恒。)”可知，苏丹暗示华雍的作品始终围绕“结合传统材料与深度思考”的理念，她的作品传达了一个始终如一的理念。故选D。 C Beneath the Pacific lies the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where tens of billions of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are packed with cobalt (钴). Seabed-mining companies promote them as “a battery in a rock” and “the easiest way to solve climate change.” They claim that those nodules can provide metals for 4.8 billion electric vehicles. Yet this promise threatens a biological treasure. Marine (海洋的) biologists reveal the CCZ shelters over 5,000 unique species in the darkness. The extensive mining of cobalt may lead to the loss of biodiversity. A company claimed to have found a solution to minimize the damage to the ecology and has already trialed a 25-ton collector robot designed to harvest these nodules. However, a 2023 study shows it can cause permanent destruction in the area. Commercial mining is not yet permitted in international waters. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is still determining how, and under what conditions, mining should be allowed. After 28 years of debate, its 168 member states still lack formal agreement. While companies advocate using nodule-collecting robots, 437 scientists from 44 countries demand an immediate stop.ISA studies confirm that just 10% mining of the CCZ may wipe out 50% of its species. Nor is it certain that cobalt mining will even be all that important in car-battery technology. Many battery companies are trying to recycle cobalt from spent batteries. In March, several major European carmakers jointly stated that they would not buy any metals produced from deep-sea mining before the environmental risks are “completely understood”. Meanwhile, several Chinese electric vehicle producers have already made the switch, recycling up to 95% of metals from used batteries. “Why rush to mine the ocean for metals becoming outdated?” said battery expert Gavin Harper. On June 8, 21 marine scientists from 8 universities finished a six-week research in the CCZ and packed up seafloor samples to take back to their labs for further analysis. “An assessment of the mining’s impact will take years of research,” says Andrew from Edinburgh. “I’m trying to get the best environmental data. And then it’s up to society to make the decision to go ahead.” 8. Why are the nodules called “a battery in a rock”? A. They contain valuable metals. B. They have recharging qualities. C. They own battery-like structures. D. They generate renewable power. 9. What can be inferred about the ISA? A. It prioritizes economic interests. B. It is guarded about seabed mining. C. It opposes commercial operations. D It requires more technical support. 10. What does the author want to illustrate in Paragraph 4? A. Deep-sea mining meets demands. B. Carmakers reuse battery materials. C. Battery recycling needs promoting. D. Seabed mining for cobalt can wait. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Marine Mining, a Green Solution B. Cobalt, the Future of Batteries C. Ocean Metals, an Ocean Risk? D. CCZ the Treasure Unknown? 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了海底多金属结核开采的利弊及争议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Beneath the Pacific lies the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where tens of billions of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are packed with cobalt (钴). Seabed-mining companies promote them as “a battery in a rock” and “the easiest way to solve climate change.” They claim that those nodules can provide metals for 4.8 billion electric vehicles.(太平洋底部坐落着克拉里昂-克利珀顿断裂带，那里蕴藏着数百亿颗富含钴的多金属结核。海底采矿公司将它们宣传为“岩石中的电池”和“解决气候变化的最简单方法”。他们声称，这些结核可以为48亿辆电动汽车提供金属。)”可知，这些结核被称为“岩石中的电池”是因为它们含有有价值的金属。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is still determining how, and under what conditions, mining should be allowed. After 28 years of debate, its 168 member states still lack formal agreement.(国际海底管理局（ISA）仍在确定如何以及在什么条件下允许采矿。经过28年的辩论，其168个成员国仍未达成正式协议。)”可知，关于采矿，ISA仍未达成正式协议，由此可推断，它对海底采矿持谨慎态度。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nor is it certain that cobalt mining will even be all that important in car-battery technology. Many battery companies are trying to recycle cobalt from spent batteries. In March, several major European carmakers jointly stated that they would not buy any metals produced from deep-sea mining before the environmental risks are “completely understood”. Meanwhile, several Chinese electric vehicle producers have already made the switch, recycling up to 95% of metals from used batteries. (钴开采在汽车电池技术中是否真的那么重要也不确定。许多电池公司正试图从废旧电池中回收钴。今年3月，几家欧洲主要汽车制造商联合声明，在“完全了解”环境风险之前，他们不会购买任何深海采矿生产的金属。与此同时，几家中国电动汽车生产商已经做出了改变，从废旧电池中回收了高达95%的金属。)”可知，作者想在第四段说明的是深海钴开采可以等待。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Beneath the Pacific lies the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where tens of billions of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are packed with cobalt (钴). (太平洋底部坐落着克拉里昂-克利珀顿断裂带，那里蕴藏着数百亿颗富含钴的多金属结核。)”以及第二段中“Yet this promise threatens a biological treasure. Marine (海洋的) biologists reveal the CCZ shelters over 5,000 unique species in the darkness. The extensive mining of cobalt may lead to the loss of biodiversity.(然而，这一承诺威胁着生物宝藏。海洋生物学家揭示，CCZ在黑暗中庇护着5000多种独特的物种。钴的广泛开采可能导致生物多样性的丧失。)”以及最后一段中““An assessment of the mining’s impact will take years of research,” says Andrew from Edinburgh. “I’m trying to get the best environmental data. And then it’s up to society to make the decision to go ahead.”(“评估采矿的影响需要多年的研究，”爱丁堡的安德鲁说。“我正在努力获取最好的环境数据。然后由社会来决定是否继续进行。”)”可知，文章主要讨论了多金属结核开采的利弊及争议，由此可知，C选项“Ocean Metals, an Ocean Risk?(海洋金属，海洋风险？)”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 D Have you ever felt so stressed that you just sort of froze? Your body goes still, you can’t feel much but, at the same time, your senses are working overtime. You know you must act soon; but it’s as if something is stopping you. This ‌“freezing”, or tonic immobility in academic terms, is an adaptive defense response to stress or danger. When we freeze, our heart rate drops and our blood pressure changes. Our pupils might become wider. A flood of hormones (荷尔蒙) spread quickly, readying us for action. It can all happen within seconds. While fight-or-flight seems logical for survival, freezing appears counterproductive — potentially too much to handle, making us incapable of acting or making a decision. But is that really all that’s going on? Not according to Prof Karin Roelofs, a neuroscientist who studies freezing at Radboud University.“Many people think that freezing is a kind of shutdown of the system,” she says.“What we actually find is that in threatening situations, freezing actually helps gain more information, prepare actions, and improve perception and decision-making.” Freezing acts like an emergency flow state: watchful, not petrified. Importantly, this response can be trained. Roelofs highlights two groups controlling freezing: living statues, street performers maintaining extreme stillness and snipers (狙击手) requiring absolute stillness while making decisions. Lab research confirms this. A virtual reality shooting game showed players with stronger freezing responses performed better and decided faster. Freezing doesn’t slow responses. “Brain noise reduces. Perception increases. You make better decisions faster,” Roelofs clarifies. But let’s say you’re not a sniper, or don’t spend your weekends as a living statue. What if you’re about to take an exam or lead a big business meeting? Those situations involving social pressure, may not be life or death, but still can cause freezing. The key is to use this response through training, particularly focused breathing: maintain slow, rhythmic exhalation (有节奏的呼气). Instead of feeling out of control, you can master it and — sniper or not — take your best shot. 12. What happens in “freezing” according to the text? A. Awareness is lost. B. The heart pounds. C. Senses are sharper. D. The breath quickens. 13. What does the underlined word “petrified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A Confused. B. Panicked. C. Distressed. D. Occupied. 14. Why are living statues and snipers mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To contrast response types. B. To illustrate freezing causes. C. To support response training. D. To criticize stressful professions. 15. How should students manage exam freezing according to the text? A. Seek professional help. B. Apply trained breathing. C Hold breath to stay still. D. Make last-minute revisions. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在面对压力或危险时，人们会出现“冻结”反应及其作用，还说明了可以通过训练来掌控这种反应。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Have you ever felt so stressed that you just sort of froze? Your body goes still, you can’t feel much but, at the same time, your senses are working overtime. (你有没有曾经因感到压力太大，以至于有点僵住了？你的身体静止不动，你感觉不到太多，但与此同时，你的感官却在超负荷工作。)”可知，在“僵住”时，感官却在全力工作，说明感官会更加敏锐。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Freezing acts like an emergency flow state: watchful, not (僵住就像一种紧急流动状态：警惕，而不是)”和表示转折的“not”可知，僵住时人们虽然警惕但并非吓呆了，而是保持冷静的观察状态，由此可推测“petrified”应与“watchful (警惕的)”形成对比，意为“吓呆了的；目瞪口呆的”，与B项“Panicked (惊慌失措)”意思相近。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Importantly, this response can be trained. Roelofs highlights two groups controlling freezing: living statues, street performers maintaining extreme stillness and snipers (狙击手) requiring absolute stillness while making decisions. Lab research confirms this. (重要的是，这种反应是可以训练的。Roelofs强调了两组控制僵住的人：活雕像，即保持极度静止的街头表演者，以及在做出决定时需要绝对静止的狙击手。实验室研究证实了这一点。)”可知，提到活雕像和狙击手是为了说明僵住反应可以通过训练来控制，从而支持“这种反应可以通过训练来掌控”的观点。故选C项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The key is to use this response through training, particularly focused breathing: maintain slow, rhythmic exhalation (有节奏的呼气). (关键是通过训练来利用这种反应，特别是专注呼吸：保持缓慢、有节奏的呼气。)”可知，学生应该通过训练呼吸来应对考试时的僵住反应。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When I first started traveling, my dad asked me what I was running away from. Another time, a friend told me to stop running away from my problems and to start living life. I’m not sure why. ____16____ We are running away from responsibilities, challenges, and ultimately, maturity itself. People think we are all just Peter Pans refusing to be “adults”. And to all those people, I say: you are right. ____17____ I’m running away from office life, commutes (通勤), weekend duties, and the strict path society has laid out as “normal”. I’m running away because I want to experience every culture, see every mountain, eat different food, attend crazy festivals, meet new people, and enjoy different holidays around the world. I want to construct a life that makes me happy. In our society, the accepted path is long and narrow: you go to college, get a job, get married, buy a house, have two or three children, raise them, and then retire. Only then, after you’ ve put in your time, can you enjoy the fruits of your labor. ____18____ And any deviation (偏差) is considered abnormal and strange. For me, those who travel the world aren’t running away from life. ____19____ They are exploring the world and living on their own terms. They have a degree of freedom a lot of people will never experience. They get to be the captains of their own ships. People may tell you they envy what you do, and say they wish they could travel like you. But they never do. Few people have the courage to take the risk. But life is what you make it out to be. Life is yours to create. ____20____ So I’m not running away. I am just going after my own life. And I never plan to look back. A. Traveling is something everyone should do. B. Responsible people don’t just travel forever. C. On the contrary, they are running toward true living. D. If you really want something, you have to go after it. E. I’m running away from people’s fixed idea of the‌ “real” world. F. But there is this perception that travelers must be escaping something. G. Society boxes you in and restricts your movements to their expectations. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要探讨了作者对旅行的看法，反驳了那些认为旅行是逃避生活的人，强调旅行是为了追求真正的生活和自由。 【16题详解】 上文“When I first started traveling, my dad asked me what I was running away from. Another time, a friend told me to stop running away from my problems and to start living life. I’m not sure why.(当我刚开始旅行的时候，我爸爸问我在逃避什么。还有一次，一个朋友告诉我，不要再逃避我的问题了，要开始生活。我不知道为什么)”指出作者在开始旅行时，被周围的人质疑是在逃避问题，但作者不理解原因。F选项“But there is this perception that travelers must be escaping something.(但有一种看法认为旅行者一定是在逃避什么)”承接上文，从上文的个人经历讲到一种普遍现象，即人们普遍认为旅行者是在逃避某些东西，进而引出下文“We are running away from responsibilities, challenges, and ultimately, maturity itself. People think we are all just Peter Pans refusing to be “adults”.(我们在逃避责任、挑战，最终逃避成熟本身。人们认为我们都是拒绝成为“成年人”的彼得·潘)”对“逃避”对象的详细阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据第一段和它的最后一句话“And to all those people, I say: you are right.(对所有那些人，我要说：你们是对的)”可知，周围的人质疑作者去旅行是在逃避问题，作者对此作出了肯定的答复：自己是在逃避。E选项“I’m running away from people’s fixed idea of the‌ “real” world.(我在逃避人们对“真实”世界的固有观念)”承接上文，明确说明自己是在逃避“真实”世界的固有观念，同时引出下文“I’m running away from office life, commutes (通勤), weekend duties, and the strict path society has laid out as “normal”.(我正在逃离办公室生活、通勤压力、周末加班，以及社会设定好的所谓“正常”人生轨迹)”对固有观念的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“In our society, the accepted path is long and narrow: you go to college, get a job, get married, buy a house, have two or three children, raise them, and then retire. Only then, after you’ ve put in your time, can you enjoy the fruits of your labor.(在我们的社会里，公认的道路是漫长而狭窄的：你上大学，找工作，结婚，买房，生两三个孩子，抚养他们，然后退休。只有这样，在你付出了时间之后，你才能享受劳动的果实)”详细描述个人们公认的“正常”人生轨迹，G选项“Society boxes you in and restricts your movements to their expectations.(社会把你束缚住，限制你的行动以符合他们的期望)”承接上文，指出这是来自社会的“束缚”，与上文提到的公认的道路和限制相呼应。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“For me, those who travel the world aren’t running away from life.(对我来说，那些环游世界的人并不是在逃避生活)”可知，作者在反驳那些认为旅行是逃避生活的人。C选项“On the contrary, they are running toward true living.(相反，他们是在追求真正的生活)”明确提出自己不同的观点，说明旅行者是在追求真正的生活，与上文提到的“逃避生活”相对比。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“People may tell you they envy what you do, and say they wish they could travel like you. But they never do. Few people have the courage to take the risk. But life is what you make it out to be. Life is yours to create.(人们可能会告诉你他们羡慕你所做的，说他们希望也能像你一样旅行。但他们从来没有这样做过。很少有人有勇气去冒险。但生活是你自己创造的。生活由你创造)”可知，作者在鼓励人们勇敢追求自己想要的生活。D选项“If you really want something, you have to go after it.(如果你真的想要什么，你就必须去追求它)”能够承接上文，说明如果想要什么就必须去追求，与上文提到的生活由自己创造相呼应。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Marcus was the type of person who never raised his hand, rarely made eye contact, and left the room the second the bell rang. Naturally, I assumed he was ____21____ or even rude since I was always sure that I had a good ____22____ on people. But everything began to change the day we were ____23____ up for a group project. When the teacher announced our ____24____ together, he looked over and gave me a small ____25____. No smile, no greeting, just that. I ____26____ my eyes, with no expectation to co-work well with him. To my ____27____, Marcus came to our first meeting prepared: he had notes, questions and even ____28____ for how we could divide the work fairly. I couldn’t help asking, “Are you always this ____29____?” He shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Only when I care.” At that moment, I realized words weren’t ____30____ he often used, but when he did, they ____31____. Over the next two weeks, we worked side by side. He wasn’t the person I thought he was. He didn’t avoid people; he just didn’t know how to ____32____. He didn’t look down on others; he was just shy. The day we presented our project, he spoke ____33____ and with surprising humor. After class, when our teacher praised us, I turned to Marcus and said, “I’m glad we got paired up.” He looked down, smiled slightly and replied, “Me too.” That day I realized how easy it is to misunderstand someone when you don’t ____34____ to look deeper. Since then, I’ve tried to listen more closely, ____35____ more slowly, and give people the space to show me who they are. 21. A. decent B. tolerant C. distant D. selfish 22. A. impact B. read C. hold D. impression 23. A. paired B. locked C. tied D. fed 24. A. addresses B. names C. jobs D. wishes 25. A. gift B. book C. shake D. nod 26. A. rolled B. lowered C. widened D. opened 27. A. excitement B. surprise C. relief D. regret 28. A. contributions B. opportunities C. suggestions D. possessions 29. A. talented B. impressed C. determined D. organized 30. A. chains B. toys C. tools D. weapons 31. A. replied B. emerged C. declined D. mattered 32. A. show off B. reach out C. carry on D. give in 33. A. angrily B. rapidly C. delicately D. confidently 34. A. forget B. fail C. bother D. hesitate 35. A. judge B. behave C. explain D. investigate 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者起初误解马库斯，后通过合作项目重新认识他的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很自然地，我认为他很冷漠，甚至粗鲁，因为我一直确信自己很会识人。A. decent体面的；B. tolerant宽容的；C. distant冷漠的；D. selfish自私的。根据上文“Marcus was the type of person who never raised his hand, rarely made eye contact, and left the room the second the bell rang.”可知，马库斯从不举手，很少眼神交流，铃一响就离开房间，因此作者认为他很冷漠。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impact影响；B. read阅读；C. hold保持；D. impression印象。根据上文“Naturally, I assumed he was 　1 　 or even rude since I was always sure that I had a good”和下文“on people.”可知，作者确信自己能很好地识人。have a good read on为固定短语，意为“很会识人，能很好地判断人的性格”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从我们被安排在一个小组项目中后，一切都开始改变了。A. paired配对；B. locked锁；C. tied系；D. fed喂养。根据下文“I’m glad we got paired up.”可知，作者和马库斯被安排在一个小组项目中。be paired up为固定短语，意为“配对，组合”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布我们的名字在一起时，他看了看，向我微微点了点头。A. addresses地址；B. names名字；C. jobs工作；D. wishes愿望。根据上文“When the teacher announced our”可知，老师宣布分组时，会念出每组同学的名字。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gift礼物；B. book书；C. shake握手；D. nod点头。根据上文“he looked over and gave me a small”和下文“No smile, no greeting, just that.”可知，马库斯没有微笑，没有问候，只是微微点了点头。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我翻了个白眼，没指望能和他好好合作。A. rolled滚动；B. lowered降低；C. widened加宽；D. opened打开。根据下文“with no expectation to cowork well with him.”可知，作者没指望能和马库斯好好合作，因此翻了个白眼。roll one’s eyes为固定短语，意为“翻白眼”。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，马库斯为我们的第一次会议做了准备：他有笔记、问题，甚至对我们如何公平分配工作提出了建议。A. excitement兴奋；B. surprise惊讶；C. relief宽慰；D. regret遗憾。根据下文“Marcus came to our first meeting prepared: he had notes, questions and even 　8 　 for how we could divide the work fairly.”可知，马库斯为第一次会议做了充分的准备，这让作者感到惊讶。to one’s surprise为固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contributions贡献；B. opportunities机会；C. suggestions建议；D. possessions财产。根据下文“for how we could divide the work fairly.”可知，马库斯对如何公平分配工作提出了建议。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住问：“你总是这么有条理吗？”A. talented有天赋的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. determined坚定的；D. organized有条理的。根据上文“Marcus came to our first meeting prepared: he had notes, questions and even 8 for how we could divide the work fairly.”可知，马库斯为第一次会议做了准备，因此作者问他是否总是这么有条理。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到语言并不是他常用的工具，但当他开口时，那些话都很重要。A. chains链条；B. toys玩具；C. tools工具；D. weapons武器。根据上文“I realized words weren’t”和下文“he often used”可知，此处将“words”比作“tools”，表示语言是人们交流的工具，而马库斯不常使用这个工具，符合语境。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. replied回复；B. emerged出现；C. declined下降；D. mattered要紧，有关系。根据上文“Only when I care”和“At that moment, I realized words weren’t 10 he often used, but when he did, they”可知，当马库斯使用言语时，言语就很重要，表达简单易懂，且必要。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他并没有回避人群；他只是不知道如何与人接触。A. show off炫耀；B. reach out接触，伸出援手；C. carry on继续；D. give in屈服。根据上文“He didn’t avoid people; he just didn’t know how to”可知，马库斯并没有回避人群，他只是不知道如何与人接触。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们展示项目的那天，他自信而幽默地发言。A. angrily生气地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. delicately精致地；D. confidently自信地。根据上文“He wasn’t the person I thought he was.”和下文“and with surprising humor.”可知，马库斯的表现与作者最初的印象不同，此处应填积极的副词，confidently“自信地”符合语境，体现他展示项目时的良好状态。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我意识到，当你不费心去深入了解一个人时，误解他是多么容易。A. forget忘记；B. fail失败；C. bother费心；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文“That day I realized how easy it is to misunderstand someone when you don’t”和下文“to look deeper.”可知，不费心去深入了解一个人时，误解是多么容易产生。bother to do为固定短语，意为“费心做某事”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我试着更仔细地倾听，更缓慢地判断，并给人们展示自我的空间。A. judge判断；B. behave表现；C. explain解释；D. investigate调查。根据上文“Since then, I’ve tried to listen more closely”和下文“more slowly, and give people the space to show me who they are”可知，从那以后，作者试着更仔细地倾听，更缓慢地判断，学会了不轻易“评判”他人。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As trains thunder across the tracks like lightning, few people pause to think of the silent sentinels (守卫者) ____36____ (safeguard) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region’s 9,525.68 kilometers of railway, much of which cuts through the barren (贫瘠的) Gobi Desert. These devoted railway workers, who ____37____ (brave) face sandstorms and intense heat, carry on day and night. They light lamps against the wind and inspect every inch of the rail carefully ____38____ (ensure) safe and smooth journeys. ____39____ once relied on ropes and muscle has developed into a mechanized maintenance force now — sweat and steel work together constructing a modern Silk Road across the wilderness, ____40____ its reach extending beyond regional boundaries. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Xinjiang’s railways ____41____ (progress) rapidly under the strong and targeted ____42____ (guide) of national railway development strategies. By late 2024, the region’s operating length had doubled, growing from 4,914.2 kilometers in 2012 to 9,525.68 kilometers — ____43____ 93.84 percent increase. Xinjiang now has the world’s first desert railway loop (环线) around the Tarim Basin and a northern loop encircling the Junggar Basin, both of ____44____ have become vital lifelines for promoting ____45____ (strong) ethnic unity, faster regional development, and broader connectivity under the Belt and Road Initiative. 【答案】36. safeguarding 37. bravely 38. to ensure 39. What 40. with 41. have progressed 42. guidance 43. a 44. which 45. stronger 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国新疆维吾尔自治区铁路的发展历程和现状，以及铁路工人在保障铁路安全中所扮演的重要角色。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当火车如闪电般呼啸着穿过铁轨时，很少有人会停下来想一想那些默默守护着新疆维吾尔自治区9525.68公里铁路的守卫者，其中大部分铁路穿越了贫瘠的戈壁沙漠。“(safeguard) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region’s 9,525.68 kilometers of railway”作后置定语，safeguard(保护)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“silent sentinels”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填safeguarding。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些忠诚的铁路工人勇敢地面对沙尘暴和酷热，日夜不停地工作。提示词修饰动词face，用副词bravely作状语，意为“勇敢地”。故填bravely。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们迎风点灯，仔细检查铁轨的每一寸，以确保旅途安全顺畅。“(ensure) safe and smooth journeys”是“They light lamps against the wind and inspect every inch of the rail carefully”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。 【39题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：曾经依赖绳索和体力的工作现在已经发展成机械化的维护力量——汗水和钢铁共同在荒野中构建了一条现代丝绸之路，其影响范围超越了地区界限。“_____ once relied on ropes and muscle”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，表示“……的事物”，用连接代词what引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 【40题详解】 考查with复合结构。句意：曾经依赖绳索和体力的工作现在已经发展成机械化的维护力量——汗水和钢铁共同在荒野中构建了一条现代丝绸之路，其影响范围超越了地区界限。“_____ its reach extending beyond regional boundaries”作伴随状语，结合现在分词“extending”，用介词with构成with复合结构作状语。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自中华人民共和国成立以来，新疆铁路在国家铁路发展战略的有力指导和针对性指导下取得了快速发展。progress(进步)是主句谓语动词，与主语“railways”之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China”可知，描述从过去持续到现在的动作，谓语动词用现在完成时，主语是复数名词，谓语动词也用复数形式。故填have progressed。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：自中华人民共和国成立以来，新疆铁路在国家铁路发展战略的有力指导和针对性指导下取得了快速发展。提示词作介词under的宾语，用名词guidance，意为“指导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：截至2024年底，该地区运营里程翻了一番，从2012年的4914.2公里增长到9525.68公里，增长了93.84%。increase是可数名词单数，表泛指，应用不定冠词限定，因数词“93.84”发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：新疆现已建成世界首条环塔克拉玛干沙漠铁路环线，以及北疆环准噶尔盆地铁路网，这两大交通动脉已成为促进民族更紧密团结、区域更快速发展、推动“一带一路”更广泛互联互通的重要生命线。“both of _____ have become vital lifelines”定语从句，修饰先行词“ the world’s first desert railway loop (环线) around the Tarim Basin and a northern loop encircling the Junggar Basin”，指物，关系词将其代入非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：新疆现已建成世界首条环塔克拉玛干沙漠铁路环线，以及北疆环准噶尔盆地铁路网，这两大交通动脉已成为促进民族更紧密团结、区域更快速发展、推动“一带一路”更广泛互联互通的重要生命线。形容词strong作定语，结合其后并列部分“faster regional development”和“broader connectivity”可知，表示“促进民族更紧密团结”，用形容词比较级stronger作定语。故填stronger。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 下周是你校的“志愿者周”，请以“An Experience of Volunteering”为题写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿，内容包括： (1)你的一次志愿者服务经历； (2)你的感受和倡议。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Experience of Volunteering _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 An Experience of Volunteering Last year, I volunteered to help clean up the local park. I worked with a group of other students. We picked up litter, swept the paths, and watered the flowers. It was hard work, but it was also very rewarding. During the process, we also interacted with some passers-by and spread the idea of environmental protection. After the activity, I felt a great sense of satisfaction. I realized that even a small act of kindness can make a big difference. I advocate that everyone take part in volunteer activities. Let’s make our community a better place to live in. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“An Experience of Volunteering”为题，写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿，讲述自己的一次志愿者服务经历，并表达自己的感受和倡议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 帮助：help → assist 捡起：pick up → collect 有意义的：rewarding → meaningful 意识到：realize → be aware of 2. 句式拓展 并列句变主从复合句 原句：It was hard work, but it was also very rewarding. 拓展句：Although it was hard work, it was also very rewarding. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I realized that even a small act of kindness can make a big difference.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] I advocate that everyone take part in volunteer activities.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Fourteen-year-old Nathan ran a small stand selling colorful phone cases at the annual community Summer Carnival (嘉年华). While younger kids crowded around other attractions, he focused on his modest business. His real ambition, however, lay beyond this: he dreamed of owning a 3D printer. With it, he could design and create unique phone cases himself, transforming his small summer job into a proper online business. One afternoon, a 10-year-old girl named Michele stopped by and bought one phone case for her mom. As they talked, Nathan shared his dream of having a 3D printer. ‌“With that printer, I can print anything in any form,” Nathan said. “Anything in any form?” Michele’s eyes lit up with sudden excitement. “Once you get it, could you please make a leg for my pet duck Tim? Because he was missing one,” Michele said hopefully. “That’ s a cool project,” Nathan replied. He thought for a minute. “I’ll make him one, but it won’t be ready now. I have to save up some of the money myself to buy the 3D printer.” “How lucky Tim is! You are so kind!” Michele said happily, unable to contain her excitement. Before leaving, Michele exchanged phone numbers with Nathan. They discovered that they lived in the same neighborhood, which meant Nathan could easily get close to the duck and measure the size of its leg in person to ensure that a suitable prosthetic (假体的) leg could be made. He promised to reach out as soon as he could afford a printer. That evening, Nathan told his family about Michele and his promise. His parents praised his kindness and initiative. They agreed to offer some financial support to buy the printer but also emphasized the importance of his own effort. “We’re proud you’re earning this yourself, Nathan,” his father said. “Saving your share shows real commitment.” Nathan nodded firmly, feeling more determined than ever. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nathan worked very hard for the 3D printer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, creating the leg model was not easy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Nathan worked very hard for the 3D printer. He continued to sell phone cases at the carnival and even took on some odd jobs around the neighborhood. He saved every penny he earned, carefully keeping track of his progress in a notebook. Weeks passed, and finally, Nathan had saved enough money to buy the 3D printer. He was overjoyed and couldn’t wait to start working on Michele’s project. Moreover, he also shared his excitement with his friends, who were all very supportive of him. However, creating the leg model was not easy. Nathan faced many challenges along the way. He had to take precise measurements of Tim’s remaining leg and do a lot of research to understand how a prosthetic leg should be designed. He spent countless hours tinkering with the printer, adjusting the settings, and trying different materials. But he refused to give up. Finally, after many tries, he created a leg that fit Tim perfectly. Michele was overjoyed when she saw it, and Nathan felt a sense of pride and accomplishment. His hard work had paid off, and he had not only fulfilled his promise but also gained valuable skills and experience. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了14岁的Nathan在嘉年华卖手机壳，梦想拥有3D打印机，他答应为Michele的宠物鸭Tim制作一条假腿，在父母支持下努力攒钱买打印机。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Nathan为了3D打印机非常努力地工作。”可知，第一段可描写Nathan通过各种方式努力赚钱买打印机，最终成功买到并准备开始制作假腿。 ②由第二段首句内容“然而，制作腿的模型并不容易。”可知，第二段可描写Nathan在制作过程中遇到的困难以及他如何克服困难，最终成功制作出适合Tim的假腿。 2. 续写线索：努力工作攒钱——买到打印机——开始制作假腿——遇到困难——克服困难——成功制作假腿 3 词汇激活： 行为类 ①继续：continue/go on/keep on ②承担：take on/undertake ③流逝：pass/elapse/go by 情绪类 ①欣喜若狂：overjoyed/ecstatic/thrilled ②成就：accomplishment/achievement 【点睛】[高分句型1] He saved every penny he earned, carefully keeping track of his progress in a notebook.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型2] He had to take precise measurements of Tim’s remaining leg and do a lot of research to understand how a prosthetic leg should be designed.(运用了连接副词how引导宾语从句) [高分句型3] Finally, after many tries, he created a leg that fit Tim perfectly.(运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $