Unit 1 People of Achievement 词汇讲解课件-高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件围绕“People of Achievements”主题，系统梳理了acknowledge、commit、academy、insist等核心词汇的一词多义、搭配用法及语境应用，通过词源解读、语义网络图和真实语境例句构建知识支架，帮助学生从具体到抽象理解语言规律，实现从识记到运用的进阶。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过“commit”词源故事激发文化意识，借助“in no circumstances”倒装结构训练逻辑推理能力，再以“sum up”总结句式强化表达逻辑。资料中嵌入语义网络图、金句汇总和情境填空练习，既提升学生跨文化沟通能力，又发展批判性思维与自主学习意识，助力教师高效开展素养导向教学。

Reading and Thinking 词 汇 讲 解 选择性必修一 Unit 1 People of Achievements 1 重难点词 精讲 acknowledge 一词多义 英语释义 defeat 搭配义 commit & committed 英语释义 academy & academic 搭配义 insist 英语释义 “过而不改，是谓过矣”，这句孔子的名言出自《论语·卫灵公》，意思是：有过错却不加以改正，这才是真正的过错！ 1. commit & committed commit 词源解读 commit: com-(together 一起)+ mit (to send 送)→将人送去承担义务等 →(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证 同根词：  admit: ad- (to 去) + mit (to let go, send 放行、送) → 容许……进入  permit: per- (through 通过) + mit (to send 送) → 送其过去使通过 → 许可；准许  transmit: trans- (across 越过) + mit (to send 送) → 输送；传送 commit v.  vt 犯（错误、罪行等）to do sth wrong or illegal： commit murder / a crime / a mistake Smoking is committing suicide slowly.  vi & vt（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证 to make a definite agreement or promise to do sth： The government has committed to investing in renewable energy infrastructure. 政府已承诺投资可再生能源基础设施。 ① commit oneself to (doing) sth: A talented scientist well known for his commitment to his country, Huang Danian committed himself to his research in geophysics (地球物理学). ② commit oneself to do sth: Both sides committed themselves to settle the conflicts peacefully. 双方相互承诺和平解决这些冲突。 SMOKING KILLS 课文  vt 投入 to spend money or time on sth / sb： commit sth to (doing) sth: The company commits significant resources to training new employees. 公司投入大量资源培训新员工。 committed adj 尽心尽力的；坚定的： Tu Youyou is a committed and patient scientist. He has always been a committed member of the community. 他一直是社区中一位热忱的成员。 She adored classical dance and was committed to perfecting every movement. 她热爱古典舞，并致力于完善每一个动作。 课文改 commitment n  [C] 承诺；许诺；保证 a promise or an agreement to do sth： ① commitment to (doing) sth: Our city has made a commitment to becoming carbon-neutral by 2050. ② commitment to do sth: He paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 人教新选必③ – 4  [C] 承诺的事 / 责任： Next time, I’ll check my calendar before I make any new commitments. [U] 投入；奉献 being prepared to give a lot of your time and attention to sth because you believe it is right or important： A career as a responsible teacher requires 100% commitment. 选必三 Unit 4 同义异构：devotion 同义异构：make a promise to do sth 抽象名词具体化 【词汇拓展】 commit & commitment 语义网络图 “发送”错误或非法的事情 犯（错误、罪行等） 投入 承诺；许诺；保证 commitment 把时间精力金钱等“发送”到某事上 把承诺、努力“发送”到某事上 （使）承担义务；（使）作出保证 commit 投入；奉献 发送 commit （基本义） 承诺的事 / 责任 2. academy & academic 词源： 在希腊神话中有一位绝世美女海伦，少女的时候，她被来自雅典的英雄忒修斯劫走。海伦的两个哥哥来到雅典，要求归还自己的妹妹，并威胁要动用武力。正在这危急时刻，一个名叫阿卡德摩斯（Akademos）的农夫告诉了他们海伦的位置。两兄弟很快就夺回了自己的妹妹。而Akademos也因为使雅典避免了一场战争而成为英雄，得到神灵的庇佑，他的橄榄树林年年丰收。这片橄榄树林也因此得名Akademeia。 后来，哲学家柏拉图在这片橄榄树林里创建了学园。人们将他的学园也称为Akademeia。英语单词academy就来源于柏拉图创建的Akademeia学园。原本专指柏拉图所创建的学园，但后来词义进一步扩充，泛指各种学术研究性机构。 （某一领域的）研究院；学会： The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is China’s premier research institution.  专科学校；（尤指音乐、军事）学院： He is a teacher of a police / military academy. Now she is studying in an academy of music. （美国的）私立学校 academy n [C] academic adj［常用于名词前］  学校的；学院的 connected with the educational activities of schools, colleges and universities： The Office of Academy Affairs is responsible for organizing orientation programs. He is pursuing an academic degree / qualification in Business Administration. The start of the new academic year is a busy time for our teaching department.  学术的 connected with studying from books, opposite to practical skills： He has a deep passion for academic subjects such as Philosophy and History. Her paper is based on years of thorough academic research. n [C] 大学教师 【词汇拓展】 academically adv 学术上；学业上： In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. 2012 上海 爱读英文小说的同学们，一定对上图中的话不陌生。这是英国著名小说家简·奥斯汀 (Jane Austen) 所著的长篇小说《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice) 的开篇第一句，译成中文是： 凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶一位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的道理。 3. acknowledge 词源解读：a-（处于）+ c（无意义）+ knowledge（知道）→ 处于知道的状态 → 承认 (基本义) acknowledge vt  承认 to accept or admit that sth is true or exists： I must acknowledge my error in the financial report. Langlang is acknowledged as / to be one of the greatest pianists. He finally acknowledges to his wife that he was wrong about their vacation plans. “承认”某事是对的或存在的，比admit正式  向……打招呼；对……做出反应 to show that you have seen or noticed sb / sth or received sth： I waved at him from across the room, but he completely acknowledged me. The driver acknowledged the pedestrian’s thanks with a wave of his hand. “承认”看到某人或某物 acknowledgement n [C] & [U] 承认；确认；[常用复数] 鸣谢 有些英文书的正文前或正文后有一页Acknowledgements，可翻译成“致谢；感谢；鸣谢”。 （公开）感谢 to publicly express thanks for help you have been given： I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family. “承认”获得别人的帮助 承认 （基本义） 向……打招呼； 对……做出反应 承认 承认某事是对的或者 存在的 承认看到某人或某物 acknowledge 语义网络图 承认获得别人的帮助 （公开）感谢 4. defeat 挫败并不是最糟糕的失败，不去尝试才是真正的失败。 defeat vt.  击败；战胜 (beat)： Scientists are working tirelessly to defeat the enemy of cancer. Our football team was narrowly defeated in the final game.  使（计划、希望等）落空；使受挫 to stop sth from being successful： Don’t let your arms relax as that would defeat the object / purpose of the exercise. n. [C] & [U] 击败；战败；失败： Even the greatest teams can suffer a defeat on any given day. acknowledge / admit / accept defeat 5. insist 词源解读：in- (upon 在……之上) + sist (to stand 站) → 站在自己的立场上 → 坚决要求；坚持认为 同根词：  assist: as- (to 到) + sist (to stand 站) → 站到某人身边 → 帮助；协助  resist: re- (against 对抗) + sist (to stand 站) → 站起来对抗 → 抗拒；抵抗 insist vt & vi  坚持；坚决要求 to demand that sth should happen： — Why don’t you call them up today? — OK, if you insist.  坚持说；坚持认为 to say firmly that sth is true, especially when others don’t believe you： ① insist on sth: As a customer, you should insist on your right to a refund if the product is faulty. ② insist + (that) 从句： Despite all the evidence against him, he still insisted that his theory was correct. 注：insist表示“坚持”和“坚决要求”时，that 从句中用虚拟语气；而表示“坚持说”和“坚持认为”时则不用。 ① insist on / upon (doing) sth: Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 人教新选必① –1 ② insist + (that) … (should) do sth: She insisted that her son (should) finish his homework before going out to play. 重难点词 精讲 flow 一词多义 sum 一词多义 搭配义 consequence 英语释义 搭配义 form词根 circumstance 搭配义 辨析义 conclusion 搭配义 6. conclusion 高考链接 根据所给汉语，完成句子。 _________ (总之) we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.（2014 江西书面表达） Finally Lastly In summary In conclusion conclusion n [C]  结论；推论： After reading both sides of the argument, I can now make a conclusion. Don’t jump to conclusions (急于下结论)! Let me explain what actually happened. ［常用单数］［正式用语］结束；结尾 (end)： When he brought his speech to a nice conclusion, his teacher invited the rest of the class to praise him. 2019 全国改 常用搭配 arrive at / come to / draw / reach a conclusion 得出结论： After three hours of debate, the committee finally came to a conclusion. Listen to both sides of the story before you draw a final conclusion. in conclusion 最后；总之 (finally)： Others may disagree, but in conclusion, the benefits of this policy far outweigh its drawbacks. In conclusion, people around the world should protect the water resources. 2010 福建书面表达改 7. circumstance 根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. We don’t usually accept late applications, but _____________ ___________________________ (在这种情况下) we will make an exception. 2. ____________________________________ (在任何情况下都不) should you leave this house. in this case in / under the circumstances In no case / In / Under no circumstances circumstance n [C] ［常用复数］情况；情形 the conditions that affect a situation, an event, etc.： Our circumstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever return alive. ［复数］［正式用语］境况；状况（尤指经济状况）the conditions of a person’s life, especially the money they have： I’d love to donate more, but my current financial / social / personal circumstances won’t allow it. in / under ... circumstances 在……情况下： I know you’re upset, but under the circumstances, I think her reaction was completely understandable. It’s an experimental model, so don’t touch it under any circumstances. 2012 江西改 circumstance 词源解读：circum (around 周围) + st (to stand 站立) + -ance (名词后缀) → 站立的周围 →（周边）的状况 → 情况；情形 in / under no circumstances 决不；无论如何不： Under no circumstances should we do terrible things to other people. 注：in / under no circumstances 置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。 辨析：circumstance, environment circumstance 和 environment 都含有“环境”“状况”之意。 ● circumstance 指“情况”“情形”(the conditions that affect a situation, an event, etc.)”，常用复数，表明与某事件或某人有关的环境，情形，情况等，也可指“境况”“状况”(尤指经济状况) (how much money sb has)”。 We can’t judge what he did until we know all the circumstances. ● environment 指“生活环境”“周围状况(the conditions of the place where you are)”，尤其指作用和影响生物体的生长，发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和。 The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environment. （液体、气体、电等）流动；流出： After a long journey through mountains and valleys, the river flows down into the ocean.  [比喻人或事物像水一样]流逝；流畅；流淌： Since time flows away, we must make the most of the present moment. Her hair flowed down her back like a waterfall of shimmering silk. After the concert, a massive crowd of fans flowed along the highway towards the parking lots. n [C] & [U] 流；流动： Have you noticed a flow of people / cars along the road? The digital economy thrives on the free flow of information across borders. flow vi Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards. The person who has no personality always goes with the flow. Don’t just follow the flow; think for yourself and make your own decisions. 8. flow 液体、气体、电等“流动” 由具体到抽象 比喻人或事物像水一样“流动” （液体、气体、电等） 流动；流出 （比喻人或事物像水一样）流逝；流畅；流淌 flow 语义网络图 流动、流出 flow 基本义 9. consequence n  [C] 结果；后果 a result of sth that has happened： If you break the rules, you must be prepared to face / take the consequences. The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.  [U][正式用语] 重要（性）；重大 importance： In the grand scheme of the universe, our individual problems might seem of little consequence. 根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 The failure of the company was a direct ___________________（结果）of bad management. result / consequence 正式用语 as a consequence / in consequence [正式用语] 结果；因此 as a result： He spent all his savings on unnecessary luxuries. As a / In consequence, he couldn’t afford to repair his car when it broke down. as a consequence of / in consequence of [正式用语] 由于…的缘故 as a result of sth： My father coughs frequently as a consequence of / in consequence of smoking. 比 as a result 正式 比 as a result of 正式 10. sum do a sum sum 做算术 总和 sum 词源解读 sum 来源于拉丁语 summus（最高的）。在一组数字里面，古罗马人喜欢从底向上计数，然后把总数放在顶部。sum 的词源义即为“总数（total）”。 sum n [C]  [常用单数] 总数；总和；全部： Please calculate the sum of all expenses listed on this spreadsheet. Looking back, the sum of my experiences living abroad, which forged me into a more independent and adaptable person.  算术： “No need for a calculator, I’ll just do the sum in my head,” he said, quickly glancing at the bill.  金额： She puts aside a small / large sum of money each week towards her dream vacation. vi & vt sum up 总结；概括： Our expenses for this quarter summed up to a considerable amount. To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop drinking. summary（必修一 Unit 4） adj 概括的；扼要的： The first chapter of the book contains a summary account / explanation of the Second World War. n [C] 总结；摘要；概要： in summary In summary, it is an educational model full of potential but one that still requires continuous improvement. summarise / summarize vi & vt 总结；概括；概述 (sum up)： To summarise, this is a clever approach to a common problem. 【温故】 11.词根 form form （shape 形状） -ula: 完成物 (sth done) formula uni-: 一 (one) uniform -al: ……的 (of) formal 词根 词缀 单词 派生词 form （to form 形成）  per- : 彻底地 (thoroughly) perform performance in-: 入 (into) inform trans-: 到另一方 (across) transform transformation re-: 再 (again) reform -ation (名词后缀) formation -er former 1. He loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it. 2017 江苏 2. I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family. 3. Our team was narrowly defeated in the final. 4. In conclusion, people around the world should protect the water resources. 2010 福建书面表达改 5. Under no circumstances should we do terrible things to other people. 6. Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards. 7. She was over the age limit and, as a / in consequence, her application was rejected. 8. To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. 本单元金句汇总 $