内容正文:
专题03 词性词形转换
(一)名词单复数转换
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Timidity(胆怯) and laziness are people’s greatest _________.(enemy)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Laziness and impatience are the ________ of our study.(enemy)
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Many ________ are talking about that news which happened yesterday.(citizen)
4.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Firemen saved a lot of people’s ________ in the big fire.(life)
5.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)There are a lot of ________ near his house.(bamboo)
6.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Poverty and ignorance are the ________(enemy) of progress.
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)As a soldier, you have to obey ________(order).
8.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The dog barked at the strangers, thinking they were ________.(enemy)
9.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We won against our ________ because we are stronger and better than them.(enemy)
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)His rudeness made him a lot of ________(enemy) in the company.
(二)基数词变序数词/表频率/表年龄段
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Take the lift to the ________ floor.You’ll see Susan’s office just opposite.(five)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Read the article ________, and you can understand it better.(two)
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)The ________ article is much more difficult than the second one.(five)
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)During the war, the old lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ________.(fifty)
5.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Please look at the ________ person from the left.He is my brother.(nine)
6.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Come up to the ________ floor, and you can find a swimming pool.(twenty)
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)My family is going to celebrate my brother’s ________ birthday at that restaurant tomorrow.(fourteen)
8.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)You can enjoy a better view if you live on the ________ floor.(twelve)
9.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Although my aunt is already in her ________, she still looks very young.(forty)
10.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The secretary reminded her boss ________ that he would have a meeting at five.(two)
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Could you please pass me the ________ dictionary from the left on the shelf.(five)
12.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Jack lives on the ________ floor and he has a good view of the park.(twenty)
13.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The doctor asked me to take pills three times a day and ________ at a time.(twice)
14.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Emma became a successful businesswoman in her ______.(thirty)
(三)动词、形容词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Did you see the ________ of Mary’s hair? It almost reaches her knee.(long)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)The sudden ________ of the pet dog made the little boy very sad.(die)
3.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)The ________ of the report must be at least 5 minutes.(long)
4.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)He had to make a ________ between staying with his parents and going abroad with his grandparents.(choose)
5.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Milk tea is a delicious ________ of milk and different types of tea.(create)
6.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Doing housework can help students develop a sense of ________.(responsible)
7.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The ________ of life is limited, but the width of it can be unlimited.(long)
8.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The light went out, and the room was plunged(陷入) into ________.(dark)
9.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Our new teacher is a handsome young man of average ________.(high)
(四)名词、动词变形容词
1.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)They dragged the ________ horse into the city.(wood)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)People in China celebrate ________ festivals in many special ways.(tradition)
3.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ puppy raced around the park, running after every ball in sight.(energy)
4.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Paper cutting is a ________ Chinese skill with a long history.(tradition)
5.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Mum hung a ________ sign on the door that said “Welcome”.(wood)
6.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Paper-cutting is a ________ Chinese skill in China.(tradition)
7.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The soldiers all felt very ________ when they heard the news.(shock)
8.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)People like keeping dogs as pets because they are ________ to their owners.(faith)
9.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)We are so ________ with what they have done in the Doha Asian Games.(please)
10.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)A good friend should always be helpful, honest and ______.(faith)
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Teenagers should learn to be ________ thinkers rather than follow others blindly.(depend)
12.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)They have come up with some _________ ideas to make the event more interesting.(create)
13.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)In my opinion, _________ thinking is essential for children’s personal growth.(depend)
14.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)In this project, ________ thinking is necessary as well as team work among the group.(depend)
15.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)We are all _________ at the news of Maggie Smith’s death.(shock)
(五)形容词变副词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Make sure the door is _________ locked before you leave.(secure)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Tom’s interest in playing football ________ comes from his father.(main)
3.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)I was glad to hear that you arrived home ________.(safe)
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Computers can calculate very fast and ________ give wrong answers.(rare)
5.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)The prisoner’s hands were ________ tied.(secure)
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Van Gogh was _________ the most well-known painter in the world.(probable)
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)She found it ________ difficult to get a job in this competitive city.(extreme)
8.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Make sure the windows are closed and the door is ________ locked before you leave.(secure)
9.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Hangzhou has ________ held the 19th Asian Games 2023.(successful)
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Nowadays, we can ________ see the pop star in public.(rare)
11.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It is ________ important to have security check before entering the underground stations.(extreme)
12.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)It’s very important to speak to the customers ________.(polite)
13.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It is ______ dangerous if you drive after drinking.It’s also against the law.(extreme)
14.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The map ________ shows the location of the new park.(accurate)
15.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)The Earth is ________ polluted, so we must take action to take care of it.(serious)
(六)代词变形
1.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)I happened to meet an old friend of ________ in the supermarket.(I)
2.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)All the students enjoyed ________ when they were visiting the science museum.(they)
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)Let me introduce ________ to you.( I)
4.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Please help ________ to some sushi on the plate, twins.(you)
5.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)My father met a friend of ______ when he was walking in the street yesterday.(he)
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove _________.(he)
7.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The uniforms are not _______.Perhaps they belong to the students over there.(we)
8.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Our classroom is the same size as ________.(they)
(一)名词、形容词变动词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Do you know how to _________ the newly-invented robot?(operation)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)To ________ a new picture, the painter has stayed in his studio for a month.(creative)
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)Some people find it difficult to ________ in language learning.(success)
4.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We admired the engineer because he could _________ the machine expertly.(operation)
5.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Kitty is sure that she will ________ in the final examination.(success)
6.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Let’s ________ a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week.(invitation)
7.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Mum, would you please ________(hot) some milk for me?
8.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The company should ________ for the delay in delivering the package.(apology)
9.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Ladies and gentlemen, we ________ for the late departure of this flight(apology)
10.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The computer ________ people to communicate more conveniently.(able)
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)I’m quite sure our team will ________(success) in winning the basketball match.
12.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It was a shame that the sailor didn’t ________ in crossing the Pacific.(success)
13.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The government is planning to ______ more jobs for the young.(creative)
14.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)After countless tries, the scientists finally ________ in inventing a new one last year.(success)
15.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Taking notes of new ideas often will help you ________ new things easily.(creative)
16.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Alice should ________ to his teacher for telling lies yesterday.(apology)
(二)形容词、副词、动词变反义词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)He was ________ at being left out of the team and couldn’t eat a bite.(happy)
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)She was quite ________ because she missed all the fun parts of the activity.(happy)
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)In 2050, many kinds of animals may ________ from our Earth because of the pollution.(appear)
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)A car is driving fast towards the little girl, but she is ________ of the danger.(aware)
5.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)The girl was ________ about the rude way that the doctor treated her.(happy)
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The little boy walked towards the cave and was _________ of the hidden danger ahead.(aware)
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)We hope the problems of traffic jams will ________ in the near future.(appear)
8.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Teachers worry that many students are ________ of the danger of playing computer games.(aware)
9.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Unluckily, he was ________ of the danger behind him.(aware)
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)I didn’t realize that Simon was deeply ________ about his failure in the match.(happy)
11.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)He offered his seat to the elderly lady, which was a very ________ thing to do.(impolite)
12.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The fisherman’s wife said ________ to him, “Why can’t we live in a new house? It’s unfair.”(happy)
(三)名词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The headmaster showed six ________ around our school.(Germany)
2.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)After living in Paris for years, she eventually became a French ________.(city)
3.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Being a responsible ________ means respecting others and their rights.(city)
4.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ made sure all the gates of the city were securely locked.(Troy)
(四)动词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We can learn a lot about life and ________ from keeping pet dogs.(die)
2.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ in red skirts in the left corner come from South Korea.(act)
3.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)He was very angry with the broken package, so she made a ________ to the manager.(complain)
4.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The shop has received many ________, so the boss is very angry.(complain)
5.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The sudden _________ of the pet dog in the car accident was a great shock to the family.(die)
6.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Tom likes science and his dream is to be a great ________(invent).
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Jenny should make an ________ for her being late because the other group members had to wait for a long time.(apologize)
8.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The wooden bridge on the river has been in ________ for over 100 years.(serve)
9.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The fans were sorry for the sudden ______ of the famous singer.(die)
10.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)They had no ________ but to leave their hometown at once.(choose)
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)I’m sorry to hear the ________(die) of my favourite writer this morning.
12.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)He made up his mind to make a ________ of the business.(succeed)
(五)形容词变比较级/最高级
1.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)He works hardest, but gets the ________ money of all.(little)
2.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Stop smoking, and then you will become much ________.(healthy)
3.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Lily is the ________ of the two.(slim)
4.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Lucy has become much ________ since she became a headteacher.(busy)
5.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Tony caught a bad cold last week.Though he took some medicine, he felt even ______.(ill)
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The old man has been ill for a week.Now he feels even _________.(bad)
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)His students have to hand in their homework no ________ than next Friday.(late)
(六)其他词性综合转换
1.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)There have been many changes in my hometown in ________ years.(recently)
2.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Grandpa Li learns to use common software _________ word, excel and web design.(include)
3.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Careful planning is the secret of ________.(successfully)
4.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The rescue team ________ saved the dolphin from the sea.(success)
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专题03 词性词形转换
(一)名词单复数转换
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Timidity(胆怯) and laziness are people’s greatest _________.(enemy)
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:胆怯和懒惰是人最大的敌人。enemy“敌人”,根据“Timidity(胆怯) and laziness are”可知,此处应用名词复数形式,即enemies。故填enemies。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Laziness and impatience are the ________ of our study.(enemy)
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:懒惰和没有耐心是我们学习的敌人。the后接名词,且laziness和impatience是复数概念,因此enemy需用复数形式enemies。故填enemies。
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Many ________ are talking about that news which happened yesterday.(citizen)
【答案】citizens
【详解】句意:许多市民正在谈论昨天发生的那则新闻。citizen意为市民,可数名词。由many(许多)修饰可数名词复数可知应用所给名词的复数形式。故填citizens。
4.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Firemen saved a lot of people’s ________ in the big fire.(life)
【答案】lives
【详解】句意:消防员在大火中拯救了许多人的生命。life“生命”,根据“a lot of people’s”可知,此处用名词的复数形式。故填lives。
5.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)There are a lot of ________ near his house.(bamboo)
【答案】bamboos
【详解】句意:在他家附近有很多竹子。根据“There are”可知此处缺少名词复数,bamboo“竹子”,复数为bamboos,故填bamboos。
6.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Poverty and ignorance are the ________(enemy) of progress.
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:贫穷和无知是进步的敌人。enemy“敌人”,可数名词。根据空前的are可知,空格处应用enemy的复数形式。故填enemies。
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)As a soldier, you have to obey ________(order).
【答案】orders
【详解】句意:作为一名士兵,你必须服从命令。order在句中意为“命令”,是泛指的命令,用复数。故填orders。
8.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The dog barked at the strangers, thinking they were ________.(enemy)
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:狗以为陌生人是敌人,便朝他们狂吠。根据“they were”可知,空格处要使用名词的复数形式,enemy的复数形式是enemies。故填enemies。
9.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We won against our ________ because we are stronger and better than them.(enemy)
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:我们战胜了敌人,因为我们比他们更强大、更好。根据“our”可知,此空需要一个名词;再者根据“them”可知,此空是一个名词复数形式,enemy的复数为enemies,直接按规则变形,难度低。故填enemies。
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)His rudeness made him a lot of ________(enemy) in the company.
【答案】enemies
【详解】句意:他的粗鲁使他在公司里树敌很多。enemy“敌人”,可数名词。根据“His rudeness made him a lot of…in the company.”可知,a lot of“很多”,其后接可数名词复数和不可数名词,此处应填名词enemy的复数形式。故填enemies。
(二)基数词变序数词/表频率/表年龄段
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Take the lift to the ________ floor.You’ll see Susan’s office just opposite.(five)
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:乘电梯到五楼。你将会看到苏珊的办公室就在对面。five“五”,基数词;根据“Take the lift to the...floor.You’ll see Susan’s office just opposite.”可知,此处指办公室在第五楼,应用序数词fifth“第五”,表示顺序。故填fifth。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Read the article ________, and you can understand it better.(two)
【答案】twice
【详解】句意:把这篇文章读两遍,你就能更好地理解它。根据“and you can understand it better”可知,把这篇文章读两遍就能更好地理解它。two基数词,意为“二”;twice“两次”。故填twice。
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)The ________ article is much more difficult than the second one.(five)
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:第五篇文章比第二篇文章难得多。根据“The...article”,可知the+序数词,five序数词为fifth。故填fifth。
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)During the war, the old lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ________.(fifty)
【答案】fifties
【详解】句意:战争期间,这位五十多岁的老太太在上海受到一个当地家庭的保护。根据“in her...”可知此处考查短语“in one’s+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十岁的时候”。fifty的复数是“fifties”。故填fifties。
5.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Please look at the ________ person from the left.He is my brother.(nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:请看看那个从左边数起的第九个人。他是我的弟弟。根据定冠词“the”可知后接序数词表示顺序,nine的序数词是ninth。故填ninth。
6.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Come up to the ________ floor, and you can find a swimming pool.(twenty)
【答案】twentieth
【详解】句意:来到第二十层,你会发现一个游泳池。根据“the...floor”可知,此处表示第二十层,the后面接序数词,twenty“二十”,基数词,其序数词为twentieth。故填twentieth。
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)My family is going to celebrate my brother’s ________ birthday at that restaurant tomorrow.(fourteen)
【答案】fourteenth
【详解】句意:我们家明天要在那家餐馆为我弟弟庆祝14岁生日。此处指的是十四岁生日,“fourteen”应改为序数词“fourteenth”,表示“第十四个”,故填fourteenth。
8.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)You can enjoy a better view if you live on the ________ floor.(twelve)
【答案】twelfth
【详解】句意:如果你住在第十二层,可以欣赏到更好的景色。根据“if you live on the ...floor”可知,表示“第十二层”要用序数词,第十二的序数词为twelfth。故填twelfth。
9.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Although my aunt is already in her ________, she still looks very young.(forty)
【答案】forties
【详解】句意:虽然我姑妈已经四十多岁了,但她看起来仍然很年轻。“in one’s+整十数的基数词复数形式”是固定结构,表“在某人几十岁时”,forty的复数为forties,直接按固定规则变形,难度低。故填forties。
10.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The secretary reminded her boss ________ that he would have a meeting at five.(two)
【答案】twice
【详解】句意:秘书提醒了老板两次他五点钟要开会。根据“The secretary reminded her boss ...”可推出此处表示提醒了两次,用two的副词形式twice表示“两次”。故填twice。
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Could you please pass me the ________ dictionary from the left on the shelf.(five)
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:你能把从架子左边数第五本字典递给我吗?定冠词the+序数词,表示顺序,five是基数词,对应的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。
12.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Jack lives on the ________ floor and he has a good view of the park.(twenty)
【答案】twentieth
【详解】句意:Jack住在第二十楼,他能很好地看到公园的景色。根据所给词及“Jack lives on the...floor...”可知,Jack住在第二十楼,此处应该用序数词表示顺序,twenty“二十”的序数词为twentieth。故填twentieth。
13.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The doctor asked me to take pills three times a day and ________ at a time.(twice)
【答案】two
【详解】句意:医生让我一天吃三次药,一次吃两粒。“twice”表示“两次”,这里说的是一次吃的药量,结合前面提到的pills“药丸”,应该是用基数词“two”表示“两粒”。故填two。
14.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Emma became a successful businesswoman in her ______.(thirty)
【答案】thirties
【详解】句意:艾玛在30多岁时成为了一名成功的女商人。结合句意及提示词“thirty三十”可知,此处应用其复数形式,与之构成“in one’s+整十的复数形式”,表示“在某人几十岁时”,符合语意。故填thirties。
(三)动词、形容词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Did you see the ________ of Mary’s hair? It almost reaches her knee.(long)
【答案】length
【详解】句意:你看见了玛丽头发的长度吗?几乎达到了她的膝盖。空处作see的宾语用名词形式,long对应的名词是length“长度”,故填length。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)The sudden ________ of the pet dog made the little boy very sad.(die)
【答案】death
【详解】句意:宠物狗的突然死亡让这个小男孩非常伤心。根据“The sudden...of the pet dog”可知,此处指宠物狗的死亡,这里需要一个名词作主语,“die”是动词“死亡”,其名词形式是“death”,故填death。
3.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)The ________ of the report must be at least 5 minutes.(long)
【答案】length
【详解】句意:报告的篇幅必须至少为五分钟。根据“The ...of the report”可知,设空处应填名词,“long”的名词形式为“length”,意为“篇幅”。故填length。
4.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)He had to make a ________ between staying with his parents and going abroad with his grandparents.(choose)
【答案】choice
【详解】句意:他不得不在与父母待在一起和与祖父母一起出国之间做出选择。根据“make a ...between staying with his parents and going abroad with his grandparents.”可知,此处指做出 “选择”,choose 动词“选择”,其名词形式choice,此处被a修饰,应使用单数形式。故填choice。
5.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Milk tea is a delicious ________ of milk and different types of tea.(create)
【答案】creation
【详解】句意:奶茶是牛奶和不同种类茶的绝妙创作。根据分析句子成分可知,a修饰名词单数形式,create“创造”为动词,其名词为creation,故填creation。
6.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Doing housework can help students develop a sense of ________.(responsible)
【答案】responsibility
【详解】句意:做家务可以帮助学生培养责任感。根据“Doing housework can help students develop a sense of….”可知,这里需要一个名词,a sense of…表示 “……的意识”,responsible是形容词,表示“有责任的;负责的”,其名词形式是responsibility,表示“责任;责任感”。故填responsibility。
7.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The ________ of life is limited, but the width of it can be unlimited.(long)
【答案】length
【详解】句意:生命的长度是有限的,但生命的宽度可以是无限的。根据“The...of life”和“but the width of it”及所给词可知,空处指的是生命的长度,而“long”的名词是“length”,表示“长度”。故填length。
8.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The light went out, and the room was plunged(陷入) into ________.(dark)
【答案】darkness
【详解】句意:灯灭了,房间陷入一片黑暗。根据“the room was plunged(陷入) into”可知,此处应该用名词作宾语,dark“黑暗的”,形容词,其名词为darkness“黑暗”。故填darkness。
9.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Our new teacher is a handsome young man of average ________.(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:我们的新老师是一个中等身高的英俊年轻人。根据“a handsome young man of average...”和提示词汇可知,此处是中等身材的英俊年轻人,average height表示“中等身高”,形容词average后需填名词,height“身高”为形容词high的名词。故填height。
(四)名词、动词变形容词
1.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)They dragged the ________ horse into the city.(wood)
【答案】wooden
【详解】句意:他们把木马拖进了城里。此空修饰名词horse,应填形容词,wood对应的形容词是wooden“木制的”,故填wooden。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)People in China celebrate ________ festivals in many special ways.(tradition)
【答案】traditional
【详解】句意:中国人以许多特殊的方式庆祝传统节日。tradition“传统”,名词,此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词festivals,故填traditional。
3.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ puppy raced around the park, running after every ball in sight.(energy)
【答案】energetic
【详解】句意:这只精力充沛的小狗在公园里跑来跑去,追逐着每一个看得见的球。此处应用形容词修饰名词puppy,energy是名词,其形容词形式是energetic“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。
4.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Paper cutting is a ________ Chinese skill with a long history.(tradition)
【答案】traditional
【详解】句意:剪纸是一项历史悠久的中国传统技艺。修饰名词“Chinese skill”,填形容词traditional“传统的”,作定语。故填traditional。
5.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Mum hung a ________ sign on the door that said “Welcome”.(wood)
【答案】wooden
【详解】句意:妈妈在门上挂了一个写着“欢迎”的木制牌子。根据句意可知,此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“sign”,“wood”是名词,表示“木头”,其形容词形式为“wooden”,表示“木制的”。故填wooden。
6.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Paper-cutting is a ________ Chinese skill in China.(tradition)
【答案】traditional
【详解】句意:在中国,剪纸是中国的传统技艺。此处用形容词修饰名词skill,traditional意为“传统的”,形容词作定语。故填traditional。
7.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The soldiers all felt very ________ when they heard the news.(shock)
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:士兵们听到这个消息时,他们都感到非常震惊。根据“felt very...”可知,此处表示感到震惊,感官动词后面接形容词作表语,shock“(使)震惊”,动词,此处修饰人,故其形容词为shocked。故填shocked。
8.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)People like keeping dogs as pets because they are ________ to their owners.(faith)
【答案】faithful
【详解】句意:许多人喜欢养狗当宠物,因为狗对主人很忠诚。分析句子可知,空处应填形容词作表语;根据“Many people like to keep dogs as pets”可知,狗对主人很忠诚,faith名词,信仰,其形容词为faithful忠实的,be faithful to sb.对某人忠诚,固定短语。故填faithful。
9.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)We are so ________ with what they have done in the Doha Asian Games.(please)
【答案】pleased
【详解】句意:我们对他们在多哈亚运会上做的事感到非常满意。此空位于be动词“are”后作表语,应用“please”的形容词pleased“满意的”,be pleased with“对……满意”。故填pleased。
10.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)A good friend should always be helpful, honest and ______.(faith)
【答案】faithful
【详解】句意:一个好朋友应该总是乐于助人、诚实守信。根据“be helpful, honest and...”可知此处作表语用形容词faithful“忠实的”。故填faithful。
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Teenagers should learn to be ________ thinkers rather than follow others blindly.(depend)
【答案】independent
【详解】句意:青少年应该学会独立思考,而不是盲目跟从别人。be动词后接形容词作表语,根据“ rather than follow others blindly”,可知,青少年要学会独立思考,independent“独立的”,故填independent。
12.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)They have come up with some _________ ideas to make the event more interesting.(create)
【答案】creative
【详解】句意:他们想出了一些有创意的想法来使这个活动更有趣。create是动词“创造”,此处需形容词修饰名词ideas,creative是其形容词形式“有创造力的”,需记忆特殊后缀变形(create→creative),比直接加ly变形多一步后缀记忆,难度稍增。故填creative。
13.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)In my opinion, _________ thinking is essential for children’s personal growth.(depend)
【答案】independent
【详解】句意:在我看来,独立思考对孩子的个人成长至关重要。depend“依赖”。根据“thinking is essential for children’s personal growth.”可知,此处应表示独立思考对孩子的个人成长至关重要,空格处应用形容词“独立的”independent,修饰动名词thinking。故填independent。
14.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)In this project, ________ thinking is necessary as well as team work among the group.(depend)
【答案】independent
【详解】句意:在这个项目中,除了团队合作外,独立思考也是必要的。根据“In this project,…thinking is necessary as well as team work among the group.”可知这里需要一个形容词来修饰“thinking”。depend是动词,表示“依靠;依赖”,其形容词形式有“dependent”和“independent”。根据句子语境,在这个项目中,除了团队合作外,“独立思考” 也是必要的,故填independent。
15.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)We are all _________ at the news of Maggie Smith’s death.(shock)
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:听到玛吉史密斯去世的消息,我们都很震惊。shock“使震惊”。根据“We are all...at the news”可知,我们应该是对这个消息感到震惊,空格处应用形容词作表语,“感到震惊的”shocked。故填shocked。
(五)形容词变副词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Make sure the door is _________ locked before you leave.(secure)
【答案】securely
【详解】句意:在你离开之前,确信门锁好了。根据“the door is...locked before you leave”可知,空格处应填副词修饰locked。secure“安全的,可靠的”,形容词,其副词为securely。故填securely。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Tom’s interest in playing football ________ comes from his father.(main)
【答案】mainly
【详解】句意:汤姆对踢足球的兴趣主要来自他的父亲。这里是要修饰动词短语“comes from”,表示“主要来自”,需要用副词形式。“main”是形容词,其副词形式是“mainly”,意为“主要地”,在句中作状语。故填mainly。
3.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)I was glad to hear that you arrived home ________.(safe)
【答案】safely
【详解】句意:我很高兴听到你安全到家了。这里是要修饰动词“arrived”,表示“安全地到达”,需要用副词形式。“safe”是形容词,其副词形式是“safely”,意为“安全地”。故填safely。
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)Computers can calculate very fast and ________ give wrong answers.(rare)
【答案】rarely
【详解】句意:计算机计算速度很快,很少给出错误答案。根据“give wrong answers”,可知空处应为副词“很少”rarely修饰动词。故填rarely。
5.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)The prisoner’s hands were ________ tied.(secure)
【答案】securely
【详解】句意:囚犯的手被牢牢地绑住了。根据句意可知,此处应该是一个副词,“secure”副词形式为“securely”,用来修饰动词“tied”,表示“牢牢地”或“稳固地”捆绑。故填securely。
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Van Gogh was _________ the most well-known painter in the world.(probable)
【答案】probably
【详解】句意:梵高可能是世界上最著名的画家。probable是形容词“可能的”,此处修饰整个句子,需变为副词probably,直接加ly变形,难度低。故填probably。
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)She found it ________ difficult to get a job in this competitive city.(extreme)
【答案】extremely
【详解】句意:她发现在这个竞争激烈的城市找工作非常困难。根据“She found it…difficult to get a job in this competitive city.”可知这里需要一个副词来修饰形容词“difficult”。“extreme”是形容词,意为“极端的;极度的”,其副词形式是“extremely”,故填extremely。
8.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)Make sure the windows are closed and the door is ________ locked before you leave.(secure)
【答案】securely
【详解】句意:在你离开之前,确认窗户是关着的并且门锁好了。根据“the door is……locked before you leave.”可知,空格处应填副词修饰locked。secure“安全的,可靠的”,形容词,其副词为securely。故填securely。
9.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)Hangzhou has ________ held the 19th Asian Games 2023.(successful)
【答案】successfully
【详解】句意:杭州已经成功举办了2023年第19届亚运会。此处用副词修饰动词held,successful是形容词,其副词形式为successfully意为“成功地”。故填successfully。
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Nowadays, we can ________ see the pop star in public.(rare)
【答案】rarely
【详解】句意:如今,我们很少能在公共场合看到这位流行歌星。分析句子结构可知,此处应填一个副词来修饰动词see,在句中作状语;rare稀少的,罕见的,形容词,其副词为rarely,意为“少有地;罕见地”。故填rarely。
11.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It is ________ important to have security check before entering the underground stations.(extreme)
【答案】extremely
【详解】句意:进入地铁站前进行安检是极其重要的。这里是要修饰形容词“important”,表示“极其重要”,需要用副词形式。“extreme”是形容词,其副词形式是“extremely”,意为“极其;非常”,在句中作状语。故填extremely。
12.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)It’s very important to speak to the customers ________.(polite)
【答案】politely
【详解】句意:对顾客说话有礼貌是很重要的。根据“speak to the customers”可知,需要用副词来修饰动词“speak”,因此将形容词“polite”变为副词形式“politely”以表示说话的方式。故填politely。
13.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It is ______ dangerous if you drive after drinking.It’s also against the law.(extreme)
【答案】extremely
【详解】句意:酒后驾车是极其危险的。这也是违法的。此处缺副词,修饰形容词dangerous。又结合提示词可知,应用其对应的副词形式extremely,表示“极其地”,符合语境。故填extremely。
14.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The map ________ shows the location of the new park.(accurate)
【答案】accurately
【详解】句意:地图准确地标出了新公园的位置。accurate是形容词,此处需要用副词修饰动词。故填accurately。
15.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)The Earth is ________ polluted, so we must take action to take care of it.(serious)
【答案】seriously
【详解】句意:地球被严重污染了,所以我们必须采取行动来爱护它。polluted是动词,要用副词来修饰。serious是形容词,意为“严重的”,其副词形式为seriously意为“严重地”。故填seriously。
(六)代词变形
1.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)I happened to meet an old friend of ________ in the supermarket.(I)
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:我在超市碰巧遇见了我的一位老朋友。根据“an old friend of”可知,此处是指我的一位老朋友,应用人称代词主格I的名词性物主代词mine“我的”构成双重所有格。故填mine。
2.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)All the students enjoyed ________ when they were visiting the science museum.(they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:所有的学生在参观科学博物馆时都玩得很开心。考查固定表达enjoy oneself/oneselves“玩得愉快”,主语为all the students,为复数,此处应为they的反身代词的复数形式themselves。故填themselves。
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)Let me introduce ________ to you.( I)
【答案】myself
【详解】句意:让我向你介绍我自己。固定表达introduce oneself to sb.表示“向某人介绍自己”,根据“I”可知,此处填反身代词myself,故填myself。
4.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)Please help ________ to some sushi on the plate, twins.(you)
【答案】yourselves
【详解】句意:双胞胎,请随便吃盘子里的寿司。句子主语是“twins”,是复数形式,因此反身代词用“yourselves”表示“你们自己”,故填yourselves。
5.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)My father met a friend of ______ when he was walking in the street yesterday.(he)
【答案】his
【详解】句意:我父亲昨天在街上散步时遇到了他的一个朋友。根据“a friend of...”可知此处指他的一个朋友,空后无名词,此处用名词性物主代词his,构成双重所有格。故填his。
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove _________.(he)
【答案】himself
【详解】句意:约翰计划参加即将到来的演讲比赛来证明自己。主语是John(男性),对应的反身代词为himself,直接根据人称匹配反身代词,无额外语法难点,难度低。故填himself。
7.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The uniforms are not _______.Perhaps they belong to the students over there.(we)
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:这些制服不是我们的。也许它们属于那边的学生。根据“The uniforms are not”可知,空后无名词,应该用名词性物主代词作表语,we“我们”,主格,其名词性物主代词为ours“我们的”。故填ours。
8.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Our classroom is the same size as ________.(they)
【答案】theirs
【详解】句意:我们的教室和他们的一样大。根据“Our classroom is the same size as...”可知,我们的教室和他们的一样大,空格处应使用名词性物主代词,指代他们的教室,they对应的名词性物主代词是theirs。故填theirs。
(一)名词、形容词变动词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)Do you know how to _________ the newly-invented robot?(operation)
【答案】operate
【详解】句意:你知道如何操作新发明的机器人吗?此题结构为“疑问词+to do”,空处填动词原形,operation为名词“操作”,动词原形为operate。故填operate。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)To ________ a new picture, the painter has stayed in his studio for a month.(creative)
【答案】create
【详解】句意:为了创作一幅新画,那位画家在画室里待了一个月。根据“To … a new picture”可知,to后空格处应填动词原形构成不定式,在句中作目的状语,“creative”的动词原形是“create”。故填create。
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)Some people find it difficult to ________ in language learning.(success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:一些人发现成功地学好语言很难。此空位于“to”后应用“success”的动词succeed“成功”,和“to”构成动词不定式,succeed in…“在某方面成功”。故填succeed。
4.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We admired the engineer because he could _________ the machine expertly.(operation)
【答案】operate
【详解】句意:我们钦佩这位工程师,因为他能熟练地操作机器。operation是名词“运转”,对应的动词为operate“操作”,情态动词could后接动词原形,直接按名词变动词规则变形,难度低。故填operate。
5.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Kitty is sure that she will ________ in the final examination.(success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:基蒂确信她会在期末考试中成功。will后接动词原形,success是名词,对应的动词是succeed“成功”,故填succeed。
6.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Let’s ________ a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week.(invitation)
【答案】invite
【详解】句意:下周我们请一位消防员给我们做一场关于电气安全的讲座吧。根据“Let’s...a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week.(invitation)”可知,此处是let sb.do sth.“让某人做某事”,空处应填入动词原形,invitation对应的动词形式是invite“邀请”。故填invite。
7.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Mum, would you please ________(hot) some milk for me?
【答案】heat
【详解】句意:妈妈,请你给我热点牛奶好吗?“would you please...”意为“请你……好吗”,后跟动词原形。hot意为“热的”,是形容词,其动词形式是heat“加热”,符合语境。故填heat。
8.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)The company should ________ for the delay in delivering the package.(apology)
【答案】apologize/apologise
【详解】句意:公司应该为包裹的延误道歉。根据空前的情态动词“should”可知,此处应用动词原形,apologize“道歉”符合。故填apologize/apologise。
9.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Ladies and gentlemen, we ________ for the late departure of this flight(apology)
【答案】apologize/apologise
【详解】句意:女士们,先生们,飞机晚点我们深表歉意。分析句子后,此处缺少谓语动词;结合语境,表示现在反省的具体动作,需要使用一般现在时,主语是we,用动词原形;此动词两种形式apologize或apologise都可以。故填apologize/apologise。
10.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The computer ________ people to communicate more conveniently.(able)
【答案】enables
【详解】句意:电脑使人们的交流更加方便。根据“The computer...people to communicate more conveniently.”可知,电脑使人们的交流更加方便,enable“使能够”,时态是一般现在时,主语是单三,故填enables。
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)I’m quite sure our team will ________(success) in winning the basketball match.
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:我很肯定我们队会赢得这场篮球赛。根据“I’m quite sure our team will…in winning the basketball match.”可知,此句为主从复合句,从句时态为一般将来时,其结构为“will do”;空前为will,空处应用动词原形,success“成功”,名词,其动词形式为succeed。故填succeed。
12.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)It was a shame that the sailor didn’t ________ in crossing the Pacific.(success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:很遗憾这个水手没有成功穿越太平洋。success成功,名词。didn’t助动词后需要填入实义动词的原形,所以需填succeed,成功,动词;succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。故答案为succeed。
13.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The government is planning to ______ more jobs for the young.(creative)
【答案】create
【详解】句意:政府计划为年轻人创造更多的工作岗位。creative“有创造力的”,是形容词,其动词形式是create“创造”,plan to do sth“计划做某事”,故填create。
14.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)After countless tries, the scientists finally ________ in inventing a new one last year.(success)
【答案】succeeded
【详解】句意:经过无数次尝试,科学家们去年终于成功地发明了一种新的。分析句子可知,此处缺少谓语动词,succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”,根据“last year”可知句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填succeeded。
15.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Taking notes of new ideas often will help you ________ new things easily.(creative)
【答案】create
【详解】句意:经常记录新想法可以帮助你更容易地创造新事物。根据“Taking notes of new ideas often will help you ...new things easily.”可知,此处为help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”,空处填动词原形;creative“有创造力的”,形容词,其动词为create“创造”。故填create。
16.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Alice should ________ to his teacher for telling lies yesterday.(apology)
【答案】apologize
【详解】句意:爱丽丝应该为昨天撒谎向老师道歉。根据should可知,空处填动词原形。apology“歉意”的动词形式是apologize,故填apologize。
(二)形容词、副词、动词变反义词
1.(24-25九上·上海宝山区·期中)He was ________ at being left out of the team and couldn’t eat a bite.(happy)
【答案】unhappy
【详解】句意:他对被排除在队伍之外感到不高兴,一口也吃不下。空前是be动词was,所以空处填形容词形式,根据“being left out of the team”可知,他被排除在队伍之外,所以是不开心,unhappy“不开心的”。故填unhappy。
2.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)She was quite ________ because she missed all the fun parts of the activity.(happy)
【答案】unhappy
【详解】句意:她很不高兴,因为她错过了活动中所有有趣的部分。根据后半句“because she missed all the fun parts of the activity.”可知,错过了活动中所有有趣的部分,这不是一件令人高兴的事情,表否定用“unhappy”。故填unhappy。
3.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)In 2050, many kinds of animals may ________ from our Earth because of the pollution.(appear)
【答案】disappear
【详解】句意:到2050年,由于污染,许多种类的动物可能会从我们的地球上消失。所给单词appear意为“出现”,根据“because of the pollution”及常识可知,这里是说“动物可能会从地球上消失”,所以应填appear的反义词disappear“消失”,又因为情态动词may后跟动词原形。故填disappear。
4.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区多校联考·期中)A car is driving fast towards the little girl, but she is ________ of the danger.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意:一辆车正朝那个小女孩开过去,但是她并没有意识到危险。根据“but…”可知此处和前句表示转折,因此应用“aware”的反义词unaware“没有意识到的”,be unaware of“没有意识到……”。故填unaware。
5.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)The girl was ________ about the rude way that the doctor treated her.(happy)
【答案】unhappy
【详解】句意:女孩对医生对待她的粗鲁方式感到不高兴。根据“the rude way that the doctor treated her”可知,指女孩对医生对她的粗鲁方式感到不高兴,空处用形容词unhappy“不高兴的”,作表语。故填unhappy。
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The little boy walked towards the cave and was _________ of the hidden danger ahead.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意:小男孩朝山洞走去,没有意识到前面隐藏的危险。aware是形容词“意识到的”,根据“the hidden danger ahead”可知需表否定含义,加否定前缀un变为unaware“未察觉的”,需结合语境判断否定逻辑,比直接变形多一步语境分析,难度稍增。故填unaware。
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)We hope the problems of traffic jams will ________ in the near future.(appear)
【答案】disappear
【详解】句意:我们希望交通堵塞的问题在不久的将来会消失。根据“We hope the problems of traffic jams will ...”结合常识可知是希望交通堵塞问题消失,此处用appear的反义词disappear表示“消失”,will后接动词原形。故填disappear。
8.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Teachers worry that many students are ________ of the danger of playing computer games.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意:老师们担心许多学生没有意识到玩电脑游戏的危险。根据“Teachers worry that many students are...of the danger of playing computer games”可知是担心许多学生没有意识到玩电脑游戏的危险,be unaware of“没有意识到”。故填unaware。
9.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Unluckily, he was ________ of the danger behind him.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意:不幸的是,他没有意识到身后的危险。was后接形容词作表语,根据Unluckily以及“of the danger behind him”可知,并没有意识到身后的危险,be unaware of“没有意识到”,故填unaware。
10.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)I didn’t realize that Simon was deeply ________ about his failure in the match.(happy)
【答案】unhappy
【详解】句意:我没有意识到西蒙对于他这次比赛的失败是如此的不开心。空处作表语应用形容词,由“his failure”可知应是不开心,故填unhappy。
11.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)He offered his seat to the elderly lady, which was a very ________ thing to do.(impolite)
【答案】polite
【详解】句意:他把座位让给这位老太太,这是一件非常礼貌的事。根据“He offered his seat to the elderly lady”可知,给老人让座是一件非常礼貌的事,polite“有礼貌的”,形容词,作定语。故填polite。
12.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The fisherman’s wife said ________ to him, “Why can’t we live in a new house? It’s unfair.”(happy)
【答案】unhappily
【详解】句意:渔夫的妻子不开心地对他说:“我们为什么不能住进新房子呢?这不公平。”根据“said...to him”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词,根据“‘Why can’t we live in a new house? It’s unfair.’”可知,妻子觉得不公平,所以应是不开心地对他说,happy“开心的”,形容词,happily“开心地”,副词,其反义词unhappily“不开心地”符合语境。故填unhappily。
(三)名词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)The headmaster showed six ________ around our school.(Germany)
【答案】Germans
【详解】句意:校长带六个德国人参观了我们的学校。根据“The headmaster showed six…around our school”以及所给单词可知,此处指的是“德国人”,German意为“德国人”,six后跟可数名词复数形式。故填Germans。
2.(24-25九上·上海位育中学·期中)After living in Paris for years, she eventually became a French ________.(city)
【答案】citizen
【详解】句意:在巴黎住了几年后,她最终成为了法国公民。根据“she eventually became a French…”以及所给单词可知,她最终成为了法国公民,citizen意为“公民”,空前a修饰可数名词单数。故填citizen。
3.(24-25九上·上海杨浦区·期中)Being a responsible ________ means respecting others and their rights.(city)
【答案】citizen
【详解】句意:做一个负责任的公民意味着尊重他人和他们的权利。根据所给单词和“Being a responsible...means respecting others and their rights.”可知,空格处应填一个单数名词,citizen“公民”符合语境。故填citizen。
4.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ made sure all the gates of the city were securely locked.(Troy)
【答案】Trojans
【详解】句意:特洛伊人确保了这座城市的所有大门都牢牢地锁上了。Troy“特洛伊”,空处the修饰,应用人作主语,用名词复数形式Trojans“特洛伊人”表示泛指一类人,专有名词首字母大写。故填Trojans。
(四)动词变名词
1.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)We can learn a lot about life and ________ from keeping pet dogs.(die)
【答案】death
【详解】句意:我们可以从养宠物狗中学到很多关于生与死的知识。根据“We can learn a lot about life and”可知,此处需要填入die的名词形式death来表示“死亡”,此处为抽象名词,不可数。故填death。
2.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The ________ in red skirts in the left corner come from South Korea.(act)
【答案】actresses
【详解】句意:左角穿着红裙子的女演员们来自韩国。the后面加名词作主语,根据“in red skirts”可知,是女演员,谓语动词come为原形,说明主语为复数形式actresses“女演员”。故填actresses。
3.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)He was very angry with the broken package, so she made a ________ to the manager.(complain)
【答案】complaint
【详解】句意:他对破损的包裹非常生气,所以她向经理投诉。根据“made a”可知,此处填名词,complain的名词形式为complaint“投诉”。故填complaint。
4.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The shop has received many ________, so the boss is very angry.(complain)
【答案】complaints
【详解】句意:那家商店收到了许多投诉,因此老板非常生气。many修饰复数名词,complain的名词为complaint,其复数形式为complaints。故填complaints。
5.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The sudden _________ of the pet dog in the car accident was a great shock to the family.(die)
【答案】death
【详解】句意:这只宠物狗在车祸中突然死亡,给这家人带来了极大的震惊。of介词,意思是“……的”,构成名词所有格,of前后使用名词。die:死,动词;名词是death;故填death。
6.(24-25九上·上海崇明区·期中)Tom likes science and his dream is to be a great ________(invent).
【答案】inventor
【详解】句意:汤姆喜欢科学,他的梦想是成为一名伟大的发明家。根据“Tom likes science and his dream is to be a great…”可知,汤姆非常喜欢科学,所以他的梦想是成为一名发明家。invent“发明”是动词,inventor“发明家”是名词,且由a可知,用单数。故填inventor。
7.(24-25九上·上海进才实验中学·期中)Jenny should make an ________ for her being late because the other group members had to wait for a long time.(apologize)
【答案】apology
【详解】句意:珍妮应该为她的迟到道歉,因为其他小组成员等了很长时间。apologize“道歉”,动词;an后跟单数名词apology“道歉”。故填apology。
8.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The wooden bridge on the river has been in ________ for over 100 years.(serve)
【答案】service
【详解】句意:河上的木桥已经使用了100多年。serve“服务,起作用”,动词,名词形式为service;in service表示“在使用中”。故填service。
9.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)The fans were sorry for the sudden ______ of the famous singer.(die)
【答案】death
【详解】句意:歌迷们对这位著名歌手的突然去世感到遗憾。形容词sudden后加名词death“死亡”。故填death。
10.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)They had no ________ but to leave their hometown at once.(choose)
【答案】choice
【详解】句意:他们别无选择,只能马上离开他们的家乡。根据“had no...”可知,此处别无选择。这里用choose的名词形式choice。故填choice。
11.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)I’m sorry to hear the ________(die) of my favourite writer this morning.
【答案】death
【详解】句意:今天早上听到我最喜欢的作家去世的消息,我很难过。根据“the ...of”可知,需填入名词,die的名词death意为“死亡”,符合语境。故填death。
12.(23-24九上·上海杨浦区·期中)He made up his mind to make a ________ of the business.(succeed)
【答案】success
【详解】句意:他下定决心要把生意办好。succeed“成功”,动词原形。根据“a...of the business”可知,空格处应用名词单数。success“成功”,名词。故填success。
(五)形容词变比较级/最高级
1.(24-25九上·上海奉贤区·期中)He works hardest, but gets the ________ money of all.(little)
【答案】least
【详解】句意:他工作得最努力,但得到的钱最少。根据“all”,可知三者或三者以上的比较,用最高级least“最少的”。故填least。
2.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Stop smoking, and then you will become much ________.(healthy)
【答案】healthier
【详解】句意:停止吸烟,然后你会变得健康得多。根据“much”可知,此处应用比较级形式healthier“更健康的”,作表语。故填healthier。
3.(24-25九上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Lily is the ________ of the two.(slim)
【答案】slimmer
【详解】句意:丽丽是这两个中更苗条的。根据空格后“of the two”可知,这里是两者进行比较,用形容词比较级。slim的比较级是slimmer。故填slimmer。
4.(24-25九上·上海闵行区·期中)Lucy has become much ________ since she became a headteacher.(busy)
【答案】busier
【详解】句意:露西自从成为主任后变得更忙了。根据“become”可知,此处填形容词作表语;根据“since she became a headteacher”以及“much”可知,需填入busy的比较级形式busier,表示“更加忙碌的”。故填busier。
5.(23-24九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Tony caught a bad cold last week.Though he took some medicine, he felt even ______.(ill)
【答案】worse
【详解】句意:托尼上星期得了重感冒。尽管他吃了一些药,但他感觉更糟了。根据“Though he took some medicine, he felt even”可知尽管吃了药,但是感觉更糟糕了,用比较级worse。故填worse。
6.(23-24九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The old man has been ill for a week.Now he feels even _________.(bad)
【答案】worse
【详解】句意:这位老人病了一个星期了。现在他感觉更糟了。bad的比较级是不规则变化worse,需记忆特殊变形,且even修饰比较级表“更……”,比规则比较级(加er)多一步特殊变化记忆,难度稍增。故填worse。
7.(24-25九上·上海七宝实验中学·期中)His students have to hand in their homework no ________ than next Friday.(late)
【答案】later
【详解】句意:他的学生必须不迟于下星期五交作业。根据than可知,此空应填late的比较级later,no later than意为“不晚于”,故填later。
(六)其他词性综合转换
1.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)There have been many changes in my hometown in ________ years.(recently)
【答案】recent
【详解】句意:近几年来,我的家乡发生了许多变化。根据句意可知,此处应该是一个形容词作定语修饰“years”,recently“最近地”副词,其形容词形式为recent“最近的”,in recent years表示“近几年来”。故填recent。
2.(24-25九上·上海浦东新区·期中)Grandpa Li learns to use common software _________ word, excel and web design.(include)
【答案】including
【详解】句意:李爷爷学习使用常用的软件,包括word、excel和网页设计。本句的谓语动词learns to use,可知后面不能使用动词。include:包括,包含,及物动词;including:包括,包含,介词,用于列举事物前。故填including。
3.(24-25九上·上海黄浦区·期中)Careful planning is the secret of ________.(successfully)
【答案】success
【详解】句意:周密的计划是成功的秘诀。根据“the secret of”可知,of后跟名词形式,successfully的名词为success,是不可数名词。故填success。
4.(24-25九上·上海建平实验中学·期中)The rescue team ________ saved the dolphin from the sea.(success)
【答案】successfully
【详解】句意:救援队成功地将海豚从海里救了出来。设空处用副词形式来修饰动词“saved”,因此将形容词success变为副词successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。
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