内容正文:
专题03 词性词形转换
(一)名词单复数转换
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Are your favourite ________ playing football and volleyball?(hobby)
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)At last, the two _________ were caught by the police after someone dialed 110.(thief)
3.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)She enclosed four ________ in her letter to Mary.(photo)
4.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Not all the ________ need repairing.(roof)
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)There are many famous ________ in China.(university)
(二)基数词变序数词/表频率
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)All Peter’s friends came to his party to celebrate his ________ birthday.(twelve)
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)The ________ boy from the right in the group photo is my little lovely brother.(nine)
3.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)My mother does some shopping in RT-MART _________ a week.(two)
4.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Tom will come back on the ________ of next month.(twelve)
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)We will celebrate our sister’s ________ birthday next month.(twenty)
6.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)The lift in my building didn’t work and stayed at the ________ floor yesterday.(nine)
(三)动词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)You should not ______ with the waitress.(argument)
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)It’s very difficult to ________ the problem of water pollution .(solution)
3.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)The old couple always care for each and there are never ________ between them.(argue)
4.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)The bread and cakes in the bakery are on ________ after 8:00 p.m.every day.(sell)
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)We had an ________ about the rules of the game.(argue)
(四)名词变形容词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Our teacher does many ________ experiments to help us understand better.(physics)
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)Computers are very ________ calculating machines.(power)
3.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Students can’t use ________ calculators in the exam.(electricity)
4.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)At last, he did a ________ experiment(实验).(succeed)
5.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Playing computer games for too long does harm to people’s ________ health.(physics)
(五)形容词变副词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)In order not to wake the sleeping baby up, mother left the room ________.(quiet)
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)Most ________, it will be fine tomorrow.(probable)
3.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Their advice is ________ listened to, but in fact, very little notice is taken of it.(polite)
4.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)A near-sighted person cannot focus ________ on distant objects.(accurate)
5.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)All the children sat ________ reading books in the library.(quiet)
(六)代词变形
1.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)The children enjoyed_________when they were having an autumn outing.(they)
2.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)Please help ________ to some fruit, everyone.(you)
3.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)You shouldn’t think only of ________, my kids.(you)
4.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)I introduced my family members to Cathy, and she introduced ________ to me.(she)
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)Students must take care of ________ when they study abroad.(they)
(一)名词变动词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)After a long-time preparation, they ________ in giving a special Halloween parade(游行) to the sick little boy.(success)
2.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)If you don’t change your method, you will never ________ in losing weight.(success)
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Because of the generation gap, the children often ________ with their parents.(argument)
4.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)She has ________ her old car and bought a new one.(sell)
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)Shop assistants usually _________ over half a million T-shirts every year.(sale)
(二)形容词变反义词
1.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)It’s ________ for the trees to flower so early.They usually flower in June.(usual)
2.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)It is _________ for him to stay in the classroom because he is always the first to leave.(usual)
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)It is ________ to have such cold weather in September in Shanghai.(usual)
4.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The campers are so ________ that they may cause a fire.(care)
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)The __________(usual) experience in the forest last month made our friendship much stronger.
6.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Serious air pollution made this city the most _________ place in the world.(healthy)
(三)名词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)The woman in red is the ________ of the big restaurant.(own)
2.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)The clever boy made a phone call to the police to report the ________.(thief)
3.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)He immediately called the police to report the ________.(thief)
4.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)He immediately called the police to report the ________.(thief)
5.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)My grandmother didn’t achieve her ________ of becoming a famous writer.(ambitious)
(四)形容词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Can you tell me the ________ of Shanghai Tower?(high)
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)I wonder how to work out the ________ of the tall tree which is over 800 years old.(high)
3.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Jessica is the same ________ as her sister.(high)
4.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)We are amazed at the ________ of the building.It’s really the highest one in our city.(high)
5.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)What’s the ________ of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower?(high)
(五)动词变形容词
1.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)We felt ________ when we heard their volleyball team won the match.(amaze)
2.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)The children quickly got ________ with reading indoors.(bore)
3.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)I think it is _________ to listen to the same story again and again.(bore)
4.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)She was ________ in achieving A grades in all her subjects.(success)
5.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)The musical Phantom of the Opera has been very ________ on Broadway.(succeed)
(六)多词性综合转换
1.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)The man is ________ for taking the girl to and from school.(response)
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)It’s a driver’s ________ to keep the passengers’ safety on the way.(responsible)
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Mike is ________ for designing the entire project.(responsibility)
4.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)The bus driver is ________ for the safety of passengers.(responsibility)
5.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Who will be _________ for the meeting when the manager is on business?(responsibility)
6.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)Making paper is one of the greatest ________ of ancient Chinese people.(invent)
7.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)How ________ the opening ceremony(开幕式) of the Asian Olympic Games was!(succeed)
8.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)Something must be done to ________ the problem, or we will have no fresh air.(solution)
9.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Who first ________ the number 0?(invention)
10.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)________ exercise is good for our general health.(physics)
11.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Could you tell me the _________ of the tallest building in Shanghai?(high)
12.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Another ________ will probably start if you don’t take the detective’s advice.(argue)
13.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Do you want to do those ________ with the help of the computer?(calculate)
14.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Jim said that he could _________ solve the problem by himself.(easy)
15.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Boys, don’t lose _________ in playing Angry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.(you)
16.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)His uncle grows the fruit while his aunt helps _________ the fruit.(sale)
17.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)You should _________ why you are late for school again.(explanation)
18.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Please tell me about your name, age and ________.(high)
19.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Her uncle is a _________ businessman.(succeed)
20.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)My sister can speak Greek fluently and ________.(accurate)
21.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)It’s better for you to stay at home to stretch your legs and do some ________ exercise.(physics)
22.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)My grandmother began to work as an engineer in her ________.(sixty)
23.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)I’m sure you will work out the problem ________ unless you give up.(succeed)
24.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)The world changed rapidly after the ________ of the computer.(invent)
25.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)Don’t ________ about it.Everything will be OK.(worried)
26.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)Lin Tao, a student of Grade ________, is the tallest boy in our school.(eight)
27.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)________, I didn’t catch the bus, so I was late for school this morning.(luck)
28.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________, many people were hurt in the car accident.(luck)
29.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)________, three miners were rescued from the mine safely.(luck)
30.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)________, I was at home when he called me.(luck)
31.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)Wendy’s computer games sell very ________(success).
32.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)We always _________ with each other about money in the past.(argument)
33.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)Looking at his school report, “Well ________!” his father said with a smile.(do)
34.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________ at people is not polite in our country.(stare)
35.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________ managers are looking at the report about this quarter.(sell)
36.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)Your ________ sounds good.But I don't believe you at all.(explain)
37.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)Please watch carefully if you want to know everything about the ________ change.(physics)
38.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Emily bought her aunt a nice coat on her ________ birthday.(forty)
39.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)I showed my stamp collection to a friend of ________ and told him which was my favourite.(me)
40.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)They left the children at home with Susan as ________.(usually)
41.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)________ prefer writing e-mails to communicate with each other to making phone calls.(businessman)
42.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)To be honest, I don’t quite understand Mr.Li’s ________ of this sentence.(explain)
43.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)The hall was ________with lots of fans waiting for their favourite singer.(crowd)
44.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)Playing basketball is one form of _________ exercise.(physics)
45.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Jack ________ some photos of himself in the letter last Monday.(close)
46.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Students are allowed to use the ________ calculators.(electric)
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专题03 词性词形转换
(一)名词单复数转换
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Are your favourite ________ playing football and volleyball?(hobby)
【答案】hobbies
【详解】句意:你的最大的爱好是玩足球和排球吗?hobby“爱好”,可数名词,根据“are”可知此处应填其复数形式,故填hobbies。
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)At last, the two _________ were caught by the police after someone dialed 110.(thief)
【答案】thieves
【详解】句意:最后,在有人拨打110后,这两个小偷被警察抓住了。根据“two”可知,基数词two修饰可数名词复数形式,thieves意为“小偷”,名词作主语。故填thieves。
3.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)She enclosed four ________ in her letter to Mary.(photo)
【答案】photos
【详解】句意:她在写给Mary的信里附上了四张照片。基数词four后接复数名词。故填photos。
4.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Not all the ________ need repairing.(roof)
【答案】roofs
【详解】句意:并非所有的屋顶都需要修理。roof“屋顶”,名词,not all后跟名词复数。故填roofs。
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)There are many famous ________ in China.(university)
【答案】universities
【详解】句意:在中国有很多著名的大学。根据“there are”可知此处需要使用复数名词,university是可数名词,其复数形式为universities。故填universities。
(二)基数词变序数词/表频率
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)All Peter’s friends came to his party to celebrate his ________ birthday.(twelve)
【答案】twelfth
【详解】句意:所有Peter的朋友们来到聚会庆祝他的第十二个生日。根据语境“All Peter’s friends came to his party to celebrate his...birthday.”可知,朋友们来派对庆祝他的“第十二个”生日。“twelve”译为“十二”,是基数词,这里需要序数词,表示“第十二的”,故填twelfth。
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)The ________ boy from the right in the group photo is my little lovely brother.(nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:合影中从右起第九个男孩是我可爱的小弟弟。the+序数词,表示顺序,根据提示词“nine”可知,此处需要变为序数词ninth“第九”。故填ninth。
3.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)My mother does some shopping in RT-MART _________ a week.(two)
【答案】twice
【详解】句意:我的母亲在大润发一周去购物两次。根据“a week”可知表达的是购物的频率,表达“一周两次”,用“twice”表示“两次”。故填twice。
4.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Tom will come back on the ________ of next month.(twelve)
【答案】twelfth
【详解】句意:汤姆将在下个月的12号回来。根据“on the...of next month”可知此处指“下个月的十二号”,表示日期时用序数词,twelve“十二”,基数词;twelfth “第十二”,序数词,表示顺序。故填twelfth。
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)We will celebrate our sister’s ________ birthday next month.(twenty)
【答案】twentieth
【详解】句意:下个月我们将庆祝妹妹的二十岁生日。此处作定语修饰其后的名词“birthday”,表示顺序,所以用其序数词形式。故填twentieth。
6.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)The lift in my building didn’t work and stayed at the ________ floor yesterday.(nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:我这栋楼的电梯坏了,昨天停在九楼。结合语境可知,电梯停在了九楼,应用序数词,nine的序数词是ninth,故填ninth。
(三)动词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)You should not ______ with the waitress.(argument)
【答案】argue
【详解】句意:你不应该和服务生争论。argument争论,争吵,名词;它的动词形式是argue。情态动词should not后面跟动词原形;故填argue。
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)It’s very difficult to ________ the problem of water pollution .(solution)
【答案】solve
【详解】句意:解决水污染问题是非常困难的。本句是固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth”,表示“做某事是怎样的”,solution“解决办法”,名词;to后应跟动词原形,构成不定式,在句中作真正的主语,solution对应的动词是solve,故填solve。
3.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)The old couple always care for each and there are never ________ between them.(argue)
【答案】arguments
【详解】句意:这对老夫妇总是互相关心,他们之间从来没有争吵过。“argue”是动词,意为“争吵”,根据“ there are never”可知,此处是there be句型,空处要填名词,“argue”的名词形式是“argument”,表示“争吵;争论”,且根据“are”可知要用复数形式“arguments”。故填arguments。
4.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)The bread and cakes in the bakery are on ________ after 8:00 p.m.every day.(sell)
【答案】sale
【详解】句意:这家面包店的面包和蛋糕每天晚上8点以后都在打折销售。“on sale”是一个固定短语,意为“廉价出售;打折销售”,这里需要用名词形式,所以填“sale”。故填sale。
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)We had an ________ about the rules of the game.(argue)
【答案】argument
【详解】句意:我们就游戏规则进行了争论。根据“had an...about”可知,此处使用单数名词,argue的名词形式为argument“争吵,争论”,故填argument。
(四)名词变形容词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Our teacher does many ________ experiments to help us understand better.(physics)
【答案】physical
【详解】句意:我们老师做了许多物理实验来帮助我们更好地理解。此空修饰空后的名词experiments,应该用形容词。physics的形容词是physical“物理的”。故填physical。
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)Computers are very ________ calculating machines.(power)
【答案】powerful
【详解】句意:计算机是非常强大的计算机器。根据“calculating machines”可知此处应用power的形容词powerful“强大的”作定语修饰名词。故填powerful。
3.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Students can’t use ________ calculators in the exam.(electricity)
【答案】electronic
【详解】句意:学生在考试中不能使用电子计算器。根据句意可知,需填入形容词“电子的”,修饰名词calculators。electricity意为“电”,是名词,形容词electronic“电子的”符合语境。故填electronic。
4.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)At last, he did a ________ experiment(实验).(succeed)
【答案】successful
【详解】句意:最后,他做了一个成功的实验。此处修饰名词experiment,用形容词successful“成功的”,作定语。故填successful。
5.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Playing computer games for too long does harm to people’s ________ health.(physics)
【答案】physical
【详解】句意:长时间玩电脑游戏对人们的身体健康有害。此处修饰名词health,用形容词physical“身体的”,作定语。故填physical。
(五)形容词变副词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)In order not to wake the sleeping baby up, mother left the room ________.(quiet)
【答案】quietly
【详解】句意:为了不吵醒熟睡的婴儿,妈妈悄悄地离开了房间。此处修饰动词left用副词quietly“悄悄地”。故填quietly。
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)Most ________, it will be fine tomorrow.(probable)
【答案】probably
【详解】句意:很可能,明天天气会很好。结合句子结构可知,此处应用副词形式,副词probably表示“大概,也许,可能”。故填probably。
3.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Their advice is ________ listened to, but in fact, very little notice is taken of it.(polite)
【答案】politely
【详解】句意:他们的建议被礼貌地听了,但事实上,很少有人注意到这一点。此处用于句中修饰动词,用其副词形式,故填politely。
4.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)A near-sighted person cannot focus ________ on distant objects.(accurate)
【答案】accurately
【详解】句意:近视眼的人不能准确地聚焦远处的物体。修饰动词focus,应该填所给词的副词形式accurately“精确地”。故填accurately。
5.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)All the children sat ________ reading books in the library.(quiet)
【答案】quietly
【详解】句意:所有的孩子都安静地坐在图书馆看书。根据所给空前面的“All the children sat”可知,应该填的是副词修饰动词,quiet的副词形式是quietly“安静地”,故填quietly。
(六)代词变形
1.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)The children enjoyed_________when they were having an autumn outing.(they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:孩子们秋游时玩得很开心。enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”,结合提示词可知,此空应填themselves,故填themselves。
2.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)Please help ________ to some fruit, everyone.(you)
【答案】yourself
【详解】句意:大家请随便吃点水果。help oneself to“随便吃/喝……”;根据“everyone”可知,应用反身代词yourself,故填yourself。
3.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)You shouldn’t think only of ________, my kids.(you)
【答案】yourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,你们不应该只考虑你们自己。根据“You shouldn’t think only of”及所给词汇提示可知,此处是yourself“你自己”,是反身代词,结合“my kids”可知,反身代词应用复数形式,故填yourselves。
4.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)I introduced my family members to Cathy, and she introduced ________ to me.(she)
【答案】herself
【详解】句意:我把我的家人介绍给Cathy,她把自己介绍给我。introduce sb.to sb.意为“向某人介绍某人”。此处要用she的反身代词herself表达“她自己”的意思。故填herself。
5.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)Students must take care of ________ when they study abroad.(they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:学生在国外学习时必须照顾自己。根据“when they study abroad.”可知,指的是学生要照顾自己,此处应用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
(一)名词变动词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)After a long-time preparation, they ________ in giving a special Halloween parade(游行) to the sick little boy.(success)
【答案】succeeded
【详解】句意:经过长时间的准备,他们成功地为这个生病的小男孩举行了一场特别的万圣节游行。分析句子结构可知,此空缺少动词作谓语。success是名词,对应的动词是succeed,描述过去发生的事情,动词用过去式,故填succeeded。
2.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)If you don’t change your method, you will never ________ in losing weight.(success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:如果你不改变你的方法,你减肥就永远不会成功。此处填动词原形,与will构成一般将来时;succeed“成功”,动词;故填succeed。
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Because of the generation gap, the children often ________ with their parents.(argument)
【答案】argue
【详解】句意:由于代沟,孩子们经常和父母吵架。空格处充当句子的谓语,结合语境可知为一般现在时,主语children为第三人称复数,谓语动词用原形;名词argument意为“争论”,动词argue意为“争论”。故填argue。
4.(24-25八上·上海闵行区·期中)She has ________ her old car and bought a new one.(sell)
【答案】sold
【详解】句意:她卖掉了旧车,买了一辆新车。根据“has”可知,空处用过去分词sold与其构成现在完成时。故填sold。
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)Shop assistants usually _________ over half a million T-shirts every year.(sale)
【答案】sell
【详解】句意:店员通常每年销售50多万件T恤衫。此处缺谓语,根据usually可知是一般现在时,主语为Shop assistants,是复数,故填动词原形。故填sell。
(二)形容词变反义词
1.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)It’s ________ for the trees to flower so early.They usually flower in June.(usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:树这么早开花很不寻常,它们通常在六月开花。固定句型It is adj for...to do sth表示“做某事对……来讲是……的”,根据“They usually flower in June.”可知现在开花是不寻常的,用unusual“不寻常的”。故填unusual。
2.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)It is _________ for him to stay in the classroom because he is always the first to leave.(usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:对他来说待在教室里是不寻常的,因为他总是第一个离开的。根据“because he is always the first to leave”可知,他总是第一个离开教室,所以他待在教室里这件事是不寻常的。“usual”是“平常的;通常的”,其否定形式“unusual”表示“不寻常的”,在句中作表语,故填unusual。
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)It is ________ to have such cold weather in September in Shanghai.(usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:上海九月有如此寒冷的天气是不寻常的。根据空格后“have such cold weather in September in Shanghai.”,结合所给词可知,此处应该表达上海九月有如此寒冷的天气是不寻常的。usual“常见的”,形容词,此处应该填入unusual,形容词,作表语,意为“不寻常的”符合语境。故填unusual。
4.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)The campers are so ________ that they may cause a fire.(care)
【答案】careless
【详解】句意:露营者太粗心了,可能会引起火灾。care关心,动词或名词。分析句子可知,系表结构,此处应填形容词作表语。根据“they may cause a fire.”可知,他们可能引起火灾。由此可推断,他们是“粗心的”。粗心的careless,形容词。故填careless。
5.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)The __________(usual) experience in the forest last month made our friendship much stronger.
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:上个月,在森林里不寻常的经历使我们的友谊更加牢固。根据“...made our friendship much stronger.”可知,此处指不寻常的经历,unusual“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。
6.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Serious air pollution made this city the most _________ place in the world.(healthy)
【答案】unhealthy
【详解】句意:严重的空气污染使得这座城市成了世界上最不健康的地方。根据“Serious air pollution”以及所给单词可知,严重的空气污染应该使这座城市成为最不健康的地方了,用healthy的反义词unhealthy。故填unhealthy。
(三)名词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)The woman in red is the ________ of the big restaurant.(own)
【答案】owner
【详解】句意:那个红衣女子是那个大饭店的老板。定冠词the后接名词。根据“of the big restaurant”可知此处应用动词own的名词owner来表示“店主,老板”,且应用其单数形式。故填owner。
2.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)The clever boy made a phone call to the police to report the ________.(thief)
【答案】theft
【详解】句意:这个聪明男孩给警察打电话报案。thief小偷,名词,根据“The clever boy made a phone call to the police to report the...”可知此处指“给警察打电话报道偷窃行为”,故此处用名词theft“偷窃,盗窃(罪)”。故填theft。
3.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)He immediately called the police to report the ________.(thief)
【答案】theft
【详解】句意:他立即打电话给警察报了盗窃案。thief“小偷”,名词。根据“called the police to report the...”可知,打电话报警应是报告盗窃案件,theft表示“偷窃,盗窃”符合语境。故填theft。
4.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)He immediately called the police to report the ________.(thief)
【答案】theft
【详解】句意:他立即打电话给警察报了盗窃案。thief“小偷”,是名词。根据“called the police to report the...”可知,打电话报警应是报告盗窃案件,theft表示“偷窃,盗窃”符合语境。故填theft。
5.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)My grandmother didn’t achieve her ________ of becoming a famous writer.(ambitious)
【答案】ambition
【详解】句意:我祖母没有实现她成为著名作家的抱负。ambitious“雄心勃勃的”,形容词;此空作宾语,应用名词ambition,结合语境可知,此处特指成为著名作家的抱负,应用其单数形式。故填ambition。
(四)形容词变名词
1.(23-24八上·上海崇明区部分学校联考·期中)Can you tell me the ________ of Shanghai Tower?(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:你能告诉我上海中心大厦的高度吗?根据“the…of Shanghai Tower”以及提示词“high”可知,此处应该填一个名词,表示“高度”,height“高度”符合题意。故填height。
2.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)I wonder how to work out the ________ of the tall tree which is over 800 years old.(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意: 我想知道如何计算出这棵有800多年历史的大树的高度。high“高的”,根据“how to work out the...of the tall tree which is over 800 years old.”可知,此处指计算出树的高度,空处应填名词height”高度”,作宾语。故填height。
3.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Jessica is the same ________ as her sister.(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:杰西卡和她姐姐一样高。根据“the same”可知,此空填名词,high的名词形式height“身高”符合句意。故填height。
4.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)We are amazed at the ________ of the building.It’s really the highest one in our city.(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:我们对这座建筑的高度感到惊奇。它真的是我们城市里最高的。此处在介词后作宾语,用名词height“高度”,故填height。
5.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)What’s the ________ of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower?(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:东方明珠电视塔的高度是多少?根据“the...of ”可知,空处需填入名词;high的名词形式为height“高度”。故填height。
(五)动词变形容词
1.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)We felt ________ when we heard their volleyball team won the match.(amaze)
【答案】amazed
【详解】句意:当我们听说他们的排球队赢得比赛时,我们感到惊讶。根据“We felt”可知,此处修饰人,用形容词amazed“吃惊的”,作表语。故填amazed。
2.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)The children quickly got ________ with reading indoors.(bore)
【答案】bored
【详解】句意:孩子们很快就厌倦了在室内读书。bore“使厌烦”,动词;此处作got的表语,应该用形容词,修饰人应该用形容词bored“厌倦的,无聊的”。故填bored。
3.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)I think it is _________ to listen to the same story again and again.(bore)
【答案】boring
【详解】句意:我认为一遍又一遍地听同一个故事是无聊的。bore令人厌烦;分析句子可知是“It’s + adj.+ to do sth.”固定结构,表示“做某事是……的”,可知填bore的形容词形式boring或bored;boring用于物,bored用于人;it指代“listen to the same story again and again”这件事,需用-ing形容词,故填boring。
4.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)She was ________ in achieving A grades in all her subjects.(success)
【答案】successful
【详解】句意:她成功地在所有科目中都取得了 A 等成绩。be successful in doing sth.意为“在……方面成功”,是固定用法。根据空后“in achieving A grades in all her subjects”可知,可以用successful来表达她在所有科目取得 A 等成绩这件事的成功。故填successful。
5.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)The musical Phantom of the Opera has been very ________ on Broadway.(succeed)
【答案】successful
【详解】句意:音乐剧《歌剧魅影》在百老汇大获成功。根据“has been”可知,空处用形容词successful“成功的”,作表语。故填successful。
(六)多词性综合转换
1.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)The man is ________ for taking the girl to and from school.(response)
【答案】responsible
【详解】句意:这个男人负责带这个女孩上下学。根据“The man is...for taking the girl to and from school.”可知,这个男人对接送女孩上下学负责,be responsible for“对……负责”,故填responsible。
2.(24-25八上·上海黄浦区·期中)It’s a driver’s ________ to keep the passengers’ safety on the way.(responsible)
【答案】responsibility
【详解】句意:司机有责任在路上保障乘客的安全。根据句子结构,空格处需填入名词形式,表示“责任”,responsible“有责任的”的名词形式是responsibility,故填responsibility。
3.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)Mike is ________ for designing the entire project.(responsibility)
【答案】responsible
【详解】句意:迈克负责设计整个项目。此处在句中作表语,用形容词responsible“负责任的”,故填responsible。
4.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)The bus driver is ________ for the safety of passengers.(responsibility)
【答案】responsible
【详解】句意:公共汽车司机对乘客的安全负责。根据“the safety of passengers”可知,此句是说司机对乘客安全负责,be responsible for“为……负责”,所给词为名词,此处用其形容词responsible作表语。故填responsible。
5.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Who will be _________ for the meeting when the manager is on business?(responsibility)
【答案】responsible
【详解】句意:当经理出差时,谁将负责这个会议?be responsible for...“对……负责”,需要填入responsibility的形容词responsible作表语。故填responsible。
6.(23-24八上·上海部分学校·期中)Making paper is one of the greatest ________ of ancient Chinese people.(invent)
【答案】inventions
【详解】句意:造纸是中国古代人民最伟大的发明之一。“one of the greatest”后应接名词复数形式,表示“最伟大的……之一”,动词invent的名词形式是invention,其复数形式为inventions。故填inventions。
7.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)How ________ the opening ceremony(开幕式) of the Asian Olympic Games was!(succeed)
【答案】successful
【详解】句意:亚洲奥运会的开幕式是多么成功啊!句中“how”修饰形容词,横线处位于系动词“was”之后作表语,需用形容词形式。succeed的形容词形式是successful,意为“成功的”。故填successful。
8.(23-24八上·上海青浦区教师进修学院附属中学·期中)Something must be done to ________ the problem, or we will have no fresh air.(solution)
【答案】solve
【详解】句意:必须采取措施来解决这个问题,否则我们将没有新鲜空气。solution“解决方案”,是名词,动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形solve“解决”。故填solve。
9.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Who first ________ the number 0?(invention)
【答案】invented
【详解】句意:谁第一个发明了数字0?根据“Who first ...the number 0?”可知,此处缺少谓语动词;再根据“发明数字0”是过去发生的事情可知,时态为一般过去时,动词要用过去式;invention“发明”,名词,其动词为invent,过去式为invented。故填invented。
10.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)________ exercise is good for our general health.(physics)
【答案】Physical
【详解】句意:体育运动对我们的整体健康有益。physics“物理学”,名词;此处应用形容词physical“身体的”作定语,修饰名词exercise,意为“体育运动,身体操练”,句首单词首字母应大写。故填Physical。
11.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Could you tell me the _________ of the tallest building in Shanghai?(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:你能告诉我上海最高的建筑物的高度吗?根据句意以及空格前的“the”可知,空格上应填名词。所给词“high”的名词形式为“height”,意为“高度”,故填height。
12.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Another ________ will probably start if you don’t take the detective’s advice.(argue)
【答案】argument
【详解】句意:如果你不采纳侦探的建议,另一场争论可能会开始。空处作主语,应用名词,argue“争论”是动词,其名词是argument“争论”,空前有another修饰,名词应用单数形式,故填argument。
13.(23-24八上·上海位育中学·期中)Do you want to do those ________ with the help of the computer?(calculate)
【答案】calculations
【详解】句意:你想在计算机的帮助下做那些计算吗?根据“those”可知,空处用名词复数形式,calculate的名词复数为calculations“计算”。故填calculations。
14.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Jim said that he could _________ solve the problem by himself.(easy)
【答案】easily
【详解】句意:吉姆说他能很容易地自己解决这个问题。easy容易的,形容词。根据提示词和题干可知,本题应使用副词easily修饰动词solve,表示“容易地解决”。故填easily。
15.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)Boys, don’t lose _________ in playing Angry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.(you)
【答案】yourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,不要沉迷于玩愤怒的小鸟。长时间玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛不好。lose oneself in doing sth.“沉迷做某事”,根据“Boys”可知此处用反身代词yourselves“你们自己”。故填yourselves。
16.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)His uncle grows the fruit while his aunt helps _________ the fruit.(sale)
【答案】sell/to sell
【详解】句意:他的叔叔种植水果,而他的婶婶帮助卖水果。根据短语help(to) do sth.“帮助做某事”可知,这里要填sale相应的动词原形sell或不定式to sell。故填sell/to sell。
17.(24-25八上·上海位育中学·期中)You should _________ why you are late for school again.(explanation)
【答案】explain
【详解】句意:你应该解释一下你再次到校迟到的原因。should“应该”,情态动词后接动词原形,explain“解释”。故填explain。
18.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Please tell me about your name, age and ________.(high)
【答案】height
【详解】句意:请告诉我你的名字、年龄和身高。根据“your name, age and...”可知,空处需名词,与name和age词性一致,“height”是“high”的名词形式,故填height。
19.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Her uncle is a _________ businessman.(succeed)
【答案】successful
【详解】句意:她的叔叔是一个成功的商人。空处作定语修饰名词businessman,应用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。
20.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)My sister can speak Greek fluently and ________.(accurate)
【答案】accurately
【详解】句意:我妹妹能流利准确地说希腊语。accurate“准确的”,为形容词。修饰动词speak“说”用副词accurately准确地"。故填accurately。
21.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)It’s better for you to stay at home to stretch your legs and do some ________ exercise.(physics)
【答案】physical
【详解】句意:你最好待在家里伸展一下腿做一些身体锻炼。空处应填形容词physical“身体的”修饰名词exercise。故填physical。
22.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)My grandmother began to work as an engineer in her ________.(sixty)
【答案】sixties
【详解】句意:我祖母在六十多岁时开始当工程师。in one’s+整十基数词的复数,表示“在某人几十多岁时”,sixty的复数是sixties。故填sixties。
23.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)I’m sure you will work out the problem ________ unless you give up.(succeed)
【答案】successfully
【详解】句意:我确信你会成功地解决这个问题,除非你放弃。succeed“成功”,动词。根据“...you will work out the problem...”可知,空处应填一个副词,修饰动词短语“work out”,所以把succeed变为副词successfully。故填successfully。
24.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)The world changed rapidly after the ________ of the computer.(invent)
【答案】invention
【详解】句意:计算机发明后,世界迅速改变。根据句子结构可知,空格处需要一个名词,表示“发明”。invent“发明”为动词,其名词形式是invention。故填invention。
25.(23-24八上·上海杨浦区·期中)Don’t ________ about it.Everything will be OK.(worried)
【答案】worry
【详解】句意:别担心,一切都会好的。don’t后加动词原形,构成否定祈使句。故填worry。
26.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)Lin Tao, a student of Grade ________, is the tallest boy in our school.(eight)
【答案】Eight
【详解】句意:林涛,一名八年级的学生,是我们学校最高的男孩。这里表示“八年级”,应该用“Grade + 基数词”表示,每个单词首字母大写,所以要把“eight”变成“Eight”。故填Eight。
27.(24-25八上·上海建平南汇实验学校·期中)________, I didn’t catch the bus, so I was late for school this morning.(luck)
【答案】Unluckily
【详解】句意:不幸的是,我没有赶上公交车,所以今天早上上学迟到了。根据“I didn’t catch the bus, so I was late for school this morning.”可知,没有赶上公交车是不幸的,空处修饰句子,应用副词unluckily“不幸地”。故填Unluckily。
28.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________, many people were hurt in the car accident.(luck)
【答案】Unluckily
【详解】句意:不幸的是,许多人在车祸中受伤。根据“many people were hurt in the car accident.”可知,这是一件不幸的事情,空处修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,且位于句首首字母要大写,故填Unluckily。
29.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)________, three miners were rescued from the mine safely.(luck)
【答案】Luckily
【详解】句意:幸运的是,三名矿工被安全地从矿井中救出。由“three miners were rescued from the mine safely”和括号内所给词可知,此空填“luckily”,luckily幸运地,修饰整个句子,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
30.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)________, I was at home when he called me.(luck)
【答案】Luckily
【详解】句意:幸运的是,他打电话给我时我在家。此处是副词位于句首,修饰整个句子,luck“运气”,名词,形容词为lucky“幸运的”,副词为luckily“幸运地”。故填Luckily。
31.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)Wendy’s computer games sell very ________(success).
【答案】successfully
【详解】句意:温蒂的电脑游戏卖得非常成功。success成功,是名词,修饰动词sell,用副词,故填successfully。
32.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)We always _________ with each other about money in the past.(argument)
【答案】argued
【详解】句意:过去我们总是为钱而争吵。句子缺少谓语,空处应填动词,根据“in the past”可知,此处应用一般过去时,动词用过去式,argument的动词是argue,过去式直接加d,故填argued。
33.(23-24八上·上海闵行区·期中)Looking at his school report, “Well ________!” his father said with a smile.(do)
【答案】done
【详解】句意:看着他的成绩单,他父亲笑着说:“做得好!”根据“his father said with a smile”可知他的父亲笑着说的,此处应是表达“做得好”;well done表示“做得好”。故填done。
34.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________ at people is not polite in our country.(stare)
【答案】Staring
【详解】句意:在我们国家盯着别人看是不礼貌的。根据句式结构可知,该句为动名词作主语句式,“stare”变为动名词形式“staring”,句首首字母大写。故填Staring。
35.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)________ managers are looking at the report about this quarter.(sell)
【答案】Sales
【详解】句意:销售经理们正在看本季度的报告。根据managers可知,空处用形容词;sell的形容词形式为sales,sales managers:销售经理,故填Sales。
36.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)Your ________ sounds good.But I don't believe you at all.(explain)
【答案】explanation
【详解】句意:你的解释听起来不错。但我一点也不相信你。此空缺少主语,形容词性物主代词your后接名词,explain对应的名词是explanation“解释”,根据“sounds”,可知,此空要填单数名词,故填explanation。
37.(24-25八上·上海松江区·期中)Please watch carefully if you want to know everything about the ________ change.(physics)
【答案】physical
【详解】句意:如果你想了解身体变化的一切,请仔细观察。根据后面的change,可知此处应填形容词作定语,故填physical。
38.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)Emily bought her aunt a nice coat on her ________ birthday.(forty)
【答案】fortieth
【详解】句意:Emily在她阿姨四十岁的生日上给她买了一件好看的外套。根据“on her ...birthday”可知,此处需要填写序数词,表示“第……个生日”,结合所给单词,应用其对应的序数词fortieth。故填fortieth。
39.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)I showed my stamp collection to a friend of ________ and told him which was my favourite.(me)
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:我把我收集的邮票给我的一个朋友看,并告诉他哪一个是我最喜欢的。此处是双重所有格的结构,of后接名词性物主代词,故填mine。
40.(24-25八上·上海扬波中学·期中)They left the children at home with Susan as ________.(usually)
【答案】usual
【详解】句意:他们像往常一样把孩子们留在家里和苏珊在一起。as usual“像往常一样”,固定短语。故填usual。
41.(24-25八上·上海立达中学·期中)________ prefer writing e-mails to communicate with each other to making phone calls.(businessman)
【答案】Businessmen
【详解】句意:商人更喜欢写电子邮件来互相交流,而不是打电话。由“prefer”可知,时态是一般现在时,动词用原形,表明主语是复数,此空用复数。businessman商人,其复数为Businessmen,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Businessmen。
42.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)To be honest, I don’t quite understand Mr.Li’s ________ of this sentence.(explain)
【答案】explanation
【详解】句意:说实话,我不太理解李先生对这句话的解释。分析句子结构可知,此处用名词形式,作宾语,explanation“解释”符合,此处指对这个句子的解释,用单数形式。故填explanation。
43.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)The hall was ________with lots of fans waiting for their favourite singer.(crowd)
【答案】crowded
【详解】句意:大厅里挤满了等待他们最喜欢的歌手的歌迷。be crowded with表示“挤满”,固定搭配。故填crowded。
44.(24-25八上·上海建平中学西校·期中)Playing basketball is one form of _________ exercise.(physics)
【答案】physical
【详解】句意:打篮球是体育锻炼的一种形式。空处修饰其后的名词,结合“Playing basketball is one form of”可知,此处指的是physical“身体的”,是形容词,作定语,故填physical。
45.(24-25八上·上海嘉定区·期中)Jack ________ some photos of himself in the letter last Monday.(close)
【答案】enclosed
【详解】句意:Jack上周一在信中附上了他自己的照片。根据“some photos of himself in the letter”可知,动词“enclose”意为“附上、随信附上”,符合句意;根据“last Monday”可知,时态为一般过去时,所以填动词过去式enclosed。故填enclosed。
46.(24-25八上·上海民办欣竹中学·期中)Students are allowed to use the ________ calculators.(electric)
【答案】electronic
【详解】句意:学生可以使用电子计算器。此处应用形容词修饰名词calculators,表示“电子计算器”。electric“电的”,不符合语境。electronic“电子的”,形容词,符合语境。故填electronic。
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