专题05 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，上海专用）高一英语上学期

专题05 阅读理解之记叙文 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海卢湾高级中学·期中)My son, Toby,17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19. He is the first in our household to test positive, and all the information provided for people in this situation is designed for adults who are (or should be) concerned about protecting their families. Toby, obviously, cannot comprehend such advice. He cannot keep a distance from everybody else, or eat and wash in a separate room. We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation. Indeed. Not much we can do. So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with COVED-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. Not much we can do. My first reaction, after absorbing his diagnosis (诊断) , was to cook sausages. I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. Yes, it may now be inevitable that we’re going to contract the very virus we’ve spent a year avoiding, but as long as we don’t contract it at the same time, then, hopefully, one or other of us will be available to look after our kids (thus answering my five-year-old’s most pressing concern: “...but who will make the pudding?”). So, to minimise asymptomatic transmission, we’ve opened all the windows. And we’ve decided to wear face coverings whenever we are with Toby. This decision has been insignificant to him -- I imagine he literally cannot remember life before masks—but for me, it’s distressing. I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it is telling me that my home has been infected. That it’s no longer a safe space. And so it was, when I sat down to write this column, that I ended up writing about COVID, which is probably the last thing you wanted to read. Sorry about that. COVID has coloured my thoughts today, even though I know that my wife and children will be fine, and that really we should just be grateful we haven’t passed it on to my grandmother. I predict there will be more sausages in the morning. 1．By repeating the sentence “Not much we can do” in paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________. A．he feels annoyed B．he is really helpless C．he wants professional support D．he needs to keep a distance from Toby 2．According to the writer, what did sausages bring to him? A．Sadness. B．Appetite. C．Concern. D．Relief. 3．Why did wearing masks at home cause distress to the writer? A．It discourages him from writing about COVID． B．It lets him remember the days before COVID-19. C．It is a reminder of what is happening to his family. D．It makes him feel at a loss for how to help his son. 4．What can be concluded from the passage? A．The diagnosis leaves the writer’s family in a tough spot. B．The writer is sure that his other kids won’t contract the virus. C．Being infected with COVID-19 makes Toby in a bad mood. D．Sausages have long been considered by many to be comfort food 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，令他们的生活变得非常糟糕。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句话“We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation.(我们拨打了911，与我们交谈的医生同意官方指导并不适用于我们的情况)”以及第二段第三、四句话“So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with COVID-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. (所以，现在我们被困在四壁之内，身边有一个感染了新冠肺炎的婴儿，他继续爬到我们身上，口水躺到我们脸上，爱我们，拥抱我们。我们和大儿子现在感染新冠肺炎似乎是不可避免的)”可知，作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，由于孩子太小，他们没有办法和他保持安全的距离，家人无可避免地会被感染，所以“Not much we can do”这句话表明作者感到非常的无助。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. (我甚至都不知道这是我选择的安慰食品。也许下午的危机会引起不同的烹饪欲望？总之，饱腹有助于我进行评估)”可推知，作者选择烤香肠是一种安慰性食物，可以缓解他现在紧张的情绪。所以香肠带给他带来了宽慰。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it is telling me that my home has been infected, That it’s no longer a safe space.(当然，我已经习惯了在超市和咖啡店戴口罩，但实际上，在自己的房子里半遮着脸四处走动是另一回事——这告诉我，我的家已经感染了病毒，不再是一个安全的地方)”可知，在家戴口罩让作者烦恼的原因是，这提醒了他的家人正在发生什么。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“My son, Toby, 17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19.(我17个月大的儿子托比刚刚检测出新冠肺炎呈阳性)”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的17个月大的儿子确诊新冠后，他们家的生活变得非常糟糕。所以从这篇文章中可以得出“这一诊断使作者的家人陷入困境”这个结论。故选A。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海七宝中学·期中)Whenever I ask to go to the movies, my mom’s first response is always “No!” When I want to go dancing, she adds a firm “No! No! No!” for emphasis. She claims she is only trying to protect me from what she calls “bad elements”. On a sunny day, Mom rejected my request to go to West Indian Day Parade and insisted I accompany her as she worked cleaning a large house. I followed her to a grand dining room, watching her apply lemon-scented polish to the furniture. I imagined my friends dressing up in fancy costumes, enjoying the celebratory time at the parade. I glared at my mother, hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way. But as I watched, my emotions began to change. I noticed how tenderly she rubbed her dusting cloth along a large piano in the corner. “Is this like your piano in Guyana, Mom?” I asked. “Yes. This baby grand piano is exactly like the one my Dad bought me when I was your age.” Her sigh was full of longing. I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist. I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when she practiced for hours every day. Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were gnarled from so many days spent cleaning other people’s homes. “Stop!” Mrs. Smithers, the homeowner, yelled, “That’s a very valuable instrument!” “I am well aware of that.” she said slowly, “I play for my church.” “But that’s not a church-music piano. We play classical music on that piano.” I watched as my mother’s eyes narrowed and her face tightened. I felt the same tightening in my chest. “You don’t know anything about us … or pianos!” I screamed. Immediately I worried I had done something wrong, but I also felt the tightening in my chest loosened. I waited for my mother to blame me, but instead she glanced my way, smiling proudly. “That’s all I have time for today. My daughter and I are going to the parade. Come on, love.” “But Veronica, you will return next week, right?” “No!” said my mother, “No! No! No!” 1．The underlined word “gnarled” in paragraph 4 probably means ______. A．rough and twisted B．clean and swift C．painful but sensitive D．bent but flexible 2．What do you know about the mother according to the article? A．She regretted being a cleaning woman. B．She quit her hobby to support the family. C．She refused the daughter’s request due to the tight budget. D．She wished her daughter to become a well-respected pianist. 3．How did the writer’s attitude toward her mother change on the day? A．From critical to ashamed. B．From fearful to respectful. C．From pitiful to understanding. D．From angry to sympathetic. 4．What does the story mainly want to express? A．Don’t look down upon those inferior to you. B．Reaching out for those in trouble can be rewarding. C．Understanding others’ experiences helps identify with them. D．Don’t abandon your idea even if one shows strong disagreement. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了作者被迫跟着妈妈去她打扫卫生的房子，一开始因为不能和朋友们一起参加游行而生妈妈的气，后来看钢琴想起妈妈为了养家而放弃自己的爱好，当房子主人轻视妈妈时，作者感同身受，并帮着反击。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were gnarled from so many days spent cleaning other people’s homes.(现在她几乎不能为我们教堂的唱诗班演奏了，因为她的手指因为长时间打扫别人的房子而变得gnarled)”可知，作者的母亲长时间为别人打扫，不能再为教堂唱诗班演奏，由此可知她的手指一定是变得粗糙扭曲了，即划线词意为“粗糙扭曲的”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist. I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when she practiced for hours every day. Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were gnarled from so many days spent cleaning other people’s homes.(我知道我的母亲是一位有天赋的钢琴家。我依稀记得她每天练习几个小时，而我随着曲子跳舞。现在她几乎不能为我们教堂的唱诗班演奏了，因为她的手指因为长时间打扫别人的房子而变得粗糙)”可知，作者的妈妈为了养家糊口而放弃了自己的爱好。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I glared at my mother, hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way.(我瞪着母亲，希望她能感受到我对她的愤怒)”和倒数第五段的“I watched as my mother’s eyes narrowed and her face tightened. I felt the same tightening in my chest.(我看着母亲眯起眼睛，脸色凝重。我的胸口也有同样的压迫感)”推知，那天作者对妈妈的态度从愤怒变成了同情。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者被迫跟着妈妈去她打扫卫生的房子，一开始因为不能和朋友们一起参加游行而生妈妈的气，后来看钢琴想起妈妈为了养家而放弃自己的爱好，当房子主人轻视妈妈时，作者感同身受，并帮着反击。通过这次经历，作者理解了妈妈。由此推知，作者想要通过这个故事表达“理解他人的经历有助于与他们产生共鸣”。故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25高一上·上海实验·期中)Back in 1958, I was crazy about the Norfolk and Western 746. The smooth bullet-nose engine with its orange and yellow lines and shiny streamline d black tender (车厢) seemed to have cast a spell on me. Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet — enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high. Unfortunately, the amazing 746 also had an amazing price — $50, equal to about $450 today. That was far more than my grandfather could afford. Instead, I had to be content with his little Lionel plastic, which was SIX INCHES shorter than the 746 and had no headlight, no smoker or no sound! But that was the best that my grandfather could give me at that time. Years passed, and I was in my 30s. Superior sound systems and computer controls dominated toy trains. I never gave a look. My interest in toy trains, I firmly believed, had faded, so did my admiration for the 746, since my grandfather was not with me. The 746 was never called to mind. On an ordinary day, however, I happened to see the 746 outside the window of a train show. Just one-look, I could not look away. Childhood memories that I tried to hide in the depths of my heart raced through my mind, happy or sad. That day I took the 746 home and placed it in the center of the room, and let my childhood dream sing its way around me. Smoke rose out from the engine and the soft song sounded from its tender. It seemed as if I could see the soft light in grandfather’s eyes and hear his cheerful laughter. 1．Which best describes the 746 in the author’s eyes? A．Its measurement was at a disadvantage. B．Its price rocketed from $50 to $450. C．Its beauty had a special appeal. D．It was the largest train in 1958. 2．How did the author feel when receiving his little Lionel plastic? A．Visibly relieved. B．Slightly discontented. C．Really delighted. D．Terribly ashamed. 3．What happened to the author in his 30s? A．He left his grandfather alone. B．He didn’t favor the 746 at all. C．He admired advanced toy trains. D．He attempted not to recall the past. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The 746: A Perfect Gift from My Grandfather B．Toy Trains: Memories of A Generation C．The 746: Childhood Memories of Love D．Toy Trains: Childhood in History 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章通过对作者自年少时到成年后对一辆玩具火车情感变化的描述，表达了他对祖父的思念之情。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The smooth bullet-nose engine with its orange and yellow lines and shiny streamline d black tender (车厢) seemed to have cast a spell on me. (光滑的子弹头发动机，橙色和黄色的线条，闪亮的流线型黑色发动机似乎对我下了魔咒。)和第二段“Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet—enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high. (发动机和车厢加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照当时的玩具火车标准，这是巨大的。更好的是，746有一个工作的前灯和喷烟器，火车声音响亮。)”可知，作者对746玩具火车非常迷恋，认为它非常完美，无以伦比，它的美丽具有特殊的吸引力。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead, I had to be content with his little Lionel plastic, which was SIX INCHES shorter than the 746 and had no headlight, no smoker or no sound! (相反，我不得不满足于他的小Lionel塑料，它比746短6英寸，没有前灯，没有喷烟器，也没有声音！)”可知，在作者看来，这个小Lionel 塑料和746相比差得太多，所以稍微有点不满意。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Years passed, and I was in my 30s. Superior sound systems and computer controls dominated toy trains. I never gave a look. My interest in toy trains, I firmly believed, had faded, so did my admiration for the 746, since my grandfather was not with me. The 746 was never called to mind. On an ordinary day, however, I happened to see the 746 outside the window of a train show. Just one-look, I could not look away. Childhood memories that I tried to hide in the depths of my heart raced through my mind, happy or sad. (几年过去了，我已经30多岁了。先进的音响系统和电脑控制主导了玩具火车。我根本没看他一眼。我坚信，我对玩具火车的兴趣已经淡去，我对746号火车的钦佩也已经淡去，因为我的祖父没有和我在一起。人们再也没有想起746号飞机。然而，在一个平常的日子里，我碰巧看到了火车展窗外的746号列车。只要看一眼，我就无法移开视线。我试图隐藏在内心深处的童年记忆，或快乐或悲伤，在我的脑海里奔涌而过。）可知，作者30多岁时，因为祖父不在了，所以他尽量不去回忆过去。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet—enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high. (发动机和车厢加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照当时的玩具火车标准，这是巨大的。更好的是，746有一个工作的前灯和喷烟器，火车声音响亮。)”和最后一段“It seemed as if I could see the soft light in grandfather’s eyes and hear his cheerful laughter. (我仿佛能看到祖父眼中柔和的光芒，听到他欢快的笑声。)”可知，文章以746火车玩具为主线，通过对作者自年少时到成年后对它情感变化的描述，表达了作者对童年时期祖父的爱的怀念。故选C。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海松江区·期中)Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing. London, loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He though Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting. London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, farmer, factory employee, railroad worker, and gold prospector, to name just a few of his many jobs. London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is much large sailing boat. Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In 1897, he headed for Alaska. He didn’t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories. London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather be a superb meteor (流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow,than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer,nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words everyday. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer. White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London’s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels. 1．Why was Jack London able to write on many topics? A．He pushed himself to reach goals. B．He had a variety of experiences and jobs. C．He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush. D．He was the best-selling and highest-paid author. 2．What prevented Jack London from finishing college? A．That he was hired to sail to Japan. B．That he traveled to Alaska in 1897. C．That he spent much of his time writing. D．That he was not interested in college life enough. 3．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London________. A．is expert at universe. B．aims high and strive to succeed. C．is excited about life of the wildness. D．face a choice between life and death. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To support the statement that London was the “best writer”. B．To describe life during the Klondike Gold Rush. C．To provide information on Jack’ s life. D．To identify books written by Jack London. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了杰克·伦敦，一位美国作家，畅销小说《野性的呼唤》及《白牙》的作者，他也是名记者及社会运动家，支持社会主义及工会的建立。他有一句格言：人生不只是握有一副好牌，有时候也要把一副坏牌打好。 ​​​ ​​​​ 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.(在他的一生中，London做过很多工作。他广泛的生活经历成为他写作的背景。)”可知，杰克·伦敦能写出很多话题是因为他有很多工作和很丰富的人生经历。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的“He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting.(他曾就读于加州大学伯克利分校，但只待了六个月。他认为伯克利“不够活跃”，想做一些更令人兴奋的事情。)”可知，杰克·伦敦没有完成加州大学的学业，因为他对这里的大学生活不太感兴趣。故选D。 3．句意猜测题。根据画线句后的“Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer,nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words everyday. He refused to stop even when he was sick. (每天，他都督促自己。一旦伦敦决定他要成为一名作家，就没有什么能阻止他。他的目标是每天至少写1000字。即使生病了，他也不肯停下来。)”可知，杰克·伦敦目标远大，一旦他下定决心，就全力以赴。因此推断画线句“I would rather be a superb meteor(流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow,than a sleepy and permanent planet.(我宁愿做一颗华丽的流星，我的每一个原子都闪耀着壮丽的光辉，也不愿做一颗沉睡的永恒的行星。)”是“志存高远，奋斗成功。”的意思。 故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.(杰克·伦敦，美国著名的冒险故事作家之一，1876年出生于加利福尼亚。在他的一生中，London做过很多工作。他广泛的生活经历将成为他写作的背景。)”并通读全文得知，文章主要介绍了美国冒险小说作家杰克·伦敦以及他的作品，成长经历等，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是提供有关杰克·伦敦的信息。故选C。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海宝山区顾村中学·期中)Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the Italian capital, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit with Christmas decorations. Here are the things that I loved most about the city. Rome is one of the most ancient cities in the world and is full of wonderful relics from its distant past. These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt exotic animals. The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can’t quite believe how old they are. I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. We walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures. The best part of the visit was, without a doubt, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by the great Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn’t tear my eyes away from it. In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn’t very good quality. I made an effort to find authentic restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon. I also loved eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights. Rome has lots of luxury boutiques but also plenty of shops that were more in my price range! It was a perfect opportunity to go and buy presents for my family and friends. There was also a Christmas market, where I bought a sparkly decoration for the tree. I love seeing new places, especially capital cities. I have been very lucky this year because I also visited Amsterdam and New York in the summer. Hopefully I’ll get to travel even more in the future. I would love to see Prague, Budapest and explore other places outside of Europe. Where do you think I should go next? 1．The underlined word “gladiators” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “________”. A．athletes B．butchers C．invaders D．fighters 2．The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because ________. A．they represent Rome’s religion B．they are relics from Rome’s distant past C．they are modern and fashion D．they include exotic animals 3．What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph? A．The history of Vatican City. B．The life story of Michelangelo. C．The art-related activities during the visit. D．The literature of the Renaissance period. 4．According to the passage, when visiting Rome you should be careful in choosing the ________. A．food B．attractions C．hotels D．luxury boutiques 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次游览罗马的所见所闻。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词所在句“These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt exotic animals.(这些遗迹包括古罗马广场和巨大的斗兽场，gladiators过去常常在那里战斗至死，猎杀外来动物)”可知，划线词在where引导的定语从句中作主语，由描述的行为“互相殴斗，猎杀动物”推断，应指斗兽场里的角斗士。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can’t quite believe how old they are.(建筑物和神殿的废墟令人着迷：你简直不敢相信它们有多古老)”可知，作者主要是因为建筑物和神殿的废墟的历史悠久而觉得它们极具魅力。故选B项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. We walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures. The best part of the visit was, without a doubt, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by the great Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn’t tear my eyes away from it.(我在大学学习过文艺复兴时期的杰作，在现实生活中看到它们让我非常兴奋。我们在梵蒂冈城的博物馆里漫步，看到了许多著名的雕塑作品。毫无疑问，这次参观最精彩的部分是西斯廷教堂的天花板，由伟大的米开朗基罗于16世纪初绘制。它太令人叹为观止了，我无法把目光从它身上移开)”可知，本段主要介绍作者在罗马进行的艺术之旅。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn’t very good quality. I made an effort to find authentic restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon.(在罗马，有很多食品供游客选择，但其中一些质量不是很好。我努力寻找正宗的餐厅来品尝该地区的流行美食，比如番茄、洋葱和培根意大利面)”可知，作者想表达因为食品质量的良莠不齐，在罗马选择吃的东西时要慎重。故选A项。 Passage 3 (24-25高一上·上海育才中学·期中)One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文) showing how it was used. This was a huge task, so Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next 17 years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum (精神病院) for the Criminally Insane. Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. 1．According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary ________. A．came out before minor died B．was edited by an American volunteer C．included the English words invented by Murray D．was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary 2．How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary? A．He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B．He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray. C．He provided a great number of words and quotations. D．he went to England to work with Murray. 3．Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because ________. A．they both served in the Civil War B．they had a common interest in words C．Minor recovered with the help of Murray D．Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor 4．Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor? A．Brave and determined. B．Cautious and friendly. C．Considerate and optimistic. D．Unusual and scholarly. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一部《牛津英语词典》由詹姆斯·默里教授编辑，志愿者威廉·切斯特·迈纳做出了很大贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.(第一部《牛津英语词典》的最大贡献之一，也是最不寻常的贡献之一。1879年，英国牛津大学请詹姆斯·默里教授担任编辑，编纂这本后来成为英语历史上最雄心勃勃的词典)”可知，第一部《牛津英语词典》旨在成为最雄心勃勃的英语词典。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.(迈纳加入了志愿者队伍，给默里送去了文字和语录)”和第五段“Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.(迈纳继续为词典做出贡献，在20年里提交了1万多份)”可知，迈纳博士为这本词典提供了大量的单词和引文。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words.(Murray和Minor成为了朋友，分享了他们对文字的热爱)”可知，默里教授和迈纳博士成为朋友主要是因为他们对文字有共同的兴趣。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum (精神病院) for the Criminally Insane.(但他也是一个谜。尽管收到许多邀请，他总是拒绝访问牛津。因此，在1897年，默里最终决定亲自前往克劳索恩。当他到达时，他发现迈纳被锁在布罗德莫精神病院一间摆满书籍的牢房里)”以及最后一段“The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.(这12卷书共定义了414,825个单词，其中数千个是一位非常有学问、精神病院常客的病人的贡献)”可知，迈纳博士是是一个谜，且非常有学问，说明他与众不同的且博学。故选D。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海闵行区·期中)Clementine seemed to be missing apiece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas. While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family. Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten! “They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.” Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.” Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards! 1．Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family? A．She liked fire. B．She was too active. C．She ate too much. D．She hated other pets. 2．What does the underlined word “smitten” probably mean? A．moved B．puzzled C．attracted D．surprised 3．What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do? A．Help put out fires. B．Guard the firehouse. C．Stay excited day and night D．Reduce stress of firefighters. 4．What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs? A．She risked her life as a fire dog. B．She has got many important awards. C．She did an excellent job as a fire dog. D．She remained homeless in her whole life. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clementine从一只流浪狗成为消防英雄狗的奇妙旅程。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family.（事实证明，Clementine和小宠物相处不来，而且对于第二个家庭来说，她有太多的精力。）”可知，Clementine没能留在第二个家庭的原因是她太活跃了。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下面的一段“‘They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.’(‘他们把我们介绍给Clementine，”Moree队长回忆道。“她开始喜欢我们，我们也立刻喜欢上了她。那天晚些时候，我和我的司机Bryan Wallen决定去接她。’）”可知，Moree队长他们被Clementine吸引住了，所以才决定接受她。所以，划线单词smitten与attracted意义一致。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! (与此同时，Robert Moree队长想给消防站增加一只消防犬。他刚刚读了一篇关于狗如何帮助消防员应对工作压力的研究，他渴望让这项研究在现实生活中进行试验！)”可知，Moree队长想让消防犬减轻消防员的压力。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards!（克莱门汀从一只无家可归的狗变成了一只英雄狗，经历了如此奇妙的旅程。她在2022年ASPCA人道奖上被评为年度最佳狗!）”可以推论出，作为消防犬，Clementine一定表现出色，她才会被评为年度最佳狗。故选C项。 Passage 2 (23-24高一上·上海黄浦区·期中)“It’s a windy day in Laguna San Ignacio, and the waves seem to come from all directions,” said Sara Clemence in Bloomberg Businessweek. My children and I are riding on a 18-foot boat—small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we’ve come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it. As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby. The baby soon swims beneath our boat, emerges to blow mist in my face, then “lies onto its side like a 2-ton puppy.” Leaning down, I touched its skin gently. “It feels electric. Also, a bit like petting a hard-boiled egg.” San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. The whales come each year to the coast of Baja California to give birth and to mate. If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leatheryfin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek.” I usually worry about such interactions, because wild creatures can become deeply stressed by human contact. But boat numbers are strictly limited in these protected waters.  And any whale that approaches a boat does so on its own terms. Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed.” So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact: “More than once, after nosing around our boat, a young gray turns on its side so one dark, baseball-size eye is looking up at us.” Whalers  used  to  call  gray  whales  “devil  fish”  because  these  magnificent  creatures  turn  violent  when threatened—“or, say, when their babies are harmed.” That makes it feel even more of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale approaches the boat. “I’m splashing when I feel her nose press up into my hand.” Though she’s “wiser and apparently more alert” than her child, “she still decides to trust us.” 1．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．The writer was on a whale-touching trip. B．The writer’s boat went down with a huge wave. C．The baby whale splashed water all over the writer. D．The mother whale’s skin felt as hard as a boiled egg. 2．By “does so on its own terms” (in paragraph 2), the writer means whales in San Ignacio are ______. A．mad with too many visitors B．ready for hands-on attention C．restricted in swimming routes D．enclosed in their safety zones 3．Gray whales got the name of “devil fish” from their ______. A．strange appearance B．inborn violence C．surprisingly enormous size D．fierceness in danger 4．The writer’s implied purpose in the passage is to ______. A．popularize the knowledge of whales B．show admiration for whales’ motherhood C．share an experience of the sea voyage D．advocate harmony between man and nature 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。San Ignacio是少数几个人们可以抚摸鲸鱼的地方之一，文章讲述了作者和孩子在San Ignacio 的一段和鲸鱼互动的海上之旅，展现了人与自然界的和谐共处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“My children and I are riding on a 18-foot boat—small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. ”（我和孩子们驾驶着一艘18英尺长的船--船小到如果有灰鲸游过来，我们可以够到水里。）和第二段“San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. ”（San Ignacio是少数几个人们可以抚摸鲸鱼的地方之一）可知，作者和孩子正在San Ignacio进行一次接触鲸鱼的旅行。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“ If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leatheryfin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek””（如果幸运的话，你还可以“和一只似皮革的鳍握手”，甚至“在冰冷咸咸的脸颊上亲吻一下”）和“he seems to like being petted and splashed”（他似乎喜欢被爱抚，被泼水）可知，在San Ignacio的鲸鱼对人们的触摸比较接受，也对这种触摸式的关注有了准备。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whalers   used   to   call   gray   whales   “devil   fish”   because   these   magnificent   creatures   turn   violent   when threatened”（捕鲸者过去称灰鲸为“魔鬼鱼”，因为这种巨大的生物在受到威胁时会变得暴力）可知，灰鲸因为在危险中的凶悍和暴力而被称为“魔鬼鱼”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“ I touched its skin gently.”（我温柔地摸着它的皮肤）和第二段“he seems to like being petted and splashed”（他好像很喜欢被抚摸和泼水）及最后一段“she still decides to trust us.”（她仍然决定相信我们）并结合全文内容可知，文章通过描述作者和孩子的一段与鲸鱼互动的海上之旅，想要展现人与自然和谐共处的场景，所以文章隐含的目的是提倡人与自然和谐相处。故选D。 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海市西中学·期中)Before the break of dawn, Simon was already standing on the shore watching the sea intensely for any signs of a coming storm. Despite learning from the weather forecast the possibility of a violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip. After checking for the third time that he had brought with him what he needed, Simon got onto his boat and sailed into the vast blue sea. Before long, he was anchoring (固定) his boat in the middle of the sea. Satisfied with the spot, he cast his net, hoping for a good catch. Simon then relaxed on the deck and watched the sun rising slowly above the horizon. “One can never trust the weather station,” he said, but he had said it too soon. At that moment, there was a sudden strike of lightning, followed by a shout of thunder. The entire sky was suddenly filled with dark clouds. Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways. A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do. In double-quick time, he cut off the fishing lines and dumped his fishing equipment into the sea. Eventually, the storm eased and the waves died down. To make matters worse, the boat engine died. As he was many kilometres offshore, the only likely rescue was to be spotted by a boat. But who would be out at sea in such horrible weather except him? That made Simon regret his earlier decision again. Exhausted, Simon soon drifted off to sleep. When he awoke, the sun had already risen. Simon had lost track of time and location. Sighing, he stood on the deck, staring out hopefully. Then he spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him. When Simon reached land, he was too weak to stand on his legs. Fortunately, a kind-hearted man helped him up and contacted his family. Though Simon emerged from the nightmare unhurt, the fateful day remained forever in his mind. Neglecting the weather forecast, he paid a heavy price. He then learnt that everyone should respect science and be more mindful of his decision. 1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Not informed of the weather forecast, Simon went fishing as planned. B．Simon lost his fishing equipment because it was blown off by the wind. C．Love for his family made him take action trying to save himself. D．Though he was finally saved, he was hurt badly. 2．What mainly caused him to meet with such a horrible event? A．He was too confident of his ability to deal with the rescue team. B．He ignored storm forecast and went fishing anyway. C．His fishing equipment was too heavy for his boat. D．He positioned his boat in a wrong location in the sea. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．A smooth fishing trip a fisherman used to have. B．A terrible accident a fisherman experienced and how he survived. C．The hardships a man has to handle when going fishing. D．Ways to seek help in dangerous situations in life. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了西蒙不相信气象台预报的暴风雨，依然出海打鱼。暴风雨真地袭来，绝望的他想到家人又挣扎求生，放弃捕鱼设备。暴风雨过去，他活了下来，却迷失在大海上，最后漂流到一个岛上获救。他最大的感悟就是一定要相信科学，相信天气预报。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways. A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do. In double-quick time, he cut off the fishing lines and dumped his fishing equipment into the sea. Eventually, the storm eased and the waves died down.(一浪接一浪地涌上来，打在他的船上，使船猛烈地向一边摇晃。一种绝望的感觉淹没了他，但当他的家人的画面在他脑海中闪现时，他知道他必须做什么。很快，他割断了鱼线，把他的渔具扔进了海里。最后，风暴减弱了，海浪也平息了)”可知，是他对家人的爱促使他积极自救。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despite learning from the weather forecast the possibility of a violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip.(尽管从天气预报得知可能会有暴风雨，但他并没有改变开始每周钓鱼之旅的主意)”及最后一段“Though Simon emerged from the nightmare unhurt, the fateful day remained forever in his mind. Neglecting the weather forecast, he paid a heavy price. He then learnt that everyone should respect science and be more mindful of his decision.(虽然西蒙毫发无伤地从噩梦中出来，但那决定命运的一天却永远留在他的脑海里。忽视天气预报，他付出了沉重的代价。然后他了解到，每个人都应该尊重科学，并更加注意他的决定)”可知，他忽视天气预报，不管不顾地去钓鱼导致他遭遇这场灾难。故选B项。 3．主旨大意题。第一段介绍西蒙不相信气象局预报的暴风雨依然按计划出海打鱼，结合第二段“At that moment, there was a sudden strike of lightning, followed by a shout of thunder. The entire sky was suddenly filled with dark clouds. Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways.(就在这时，突然有一道闪电，接着是一声雷鸣。整个天空突然布满了乌云。一浪接一浪地涌上来，打在他的船上，使船猛烈地向一边摇晃)”及最后一段“Then he spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him. When Simon reached land, he was too weak to stand on his legs. Fortunately, a kind-hearted man helped him up and contacted his family.(然后他发现了它。他跳进水里，朝离他几米远的小岛游去。当西蒙到达陆地时，他虚弱得站不起来。幸运的是，一位好心人帮助了他，并联系了他的家人)”可知，全文讲述了西蒙遭遇的一场意外灾难及他后来获救生还的故事。故选B项。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海复旦大学附属中学·期中)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river. This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas’s library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally, my thoughts come to the idea of making a voyage of discovery. Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path. 1．What does the author think of the Pole? A．It reminds him of his childhood. B．It must be a region full of surprises. C．It would fulfil his dream of being an adventurer. D．It’s too cold a destination with almost nothing. 2．What does the bold-lettered word “enterprise” mean in the last paragraph? A．project B．initiative C．business D．adventure 3．To realize his childhood dream, the author got__________. A．physically prepared by experiencing great suffering B．spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recognition C．academically prepared by reading books on exploration D．financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship 4．According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of__________. A．courage B．fancy C．perseverance D．pride 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对北极探险的向往、个人成长经历、为实现探险梦想所做的准备，以及探险梦想对其人生的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before.(谁知道我们在那里会发现怎样奇异的风景和生物呢？我要通过目睹世界上这一未知之地来满足自己的好奇心，要走到此前无人涉足过的地方。)”可知，作者认为极地是一个充满惊喜和未知的地方。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river.(我要满足我的好奇心，去看看世界上一个未知的地方，走到前人没有去过的地方。想到这里，我感到一种快乐，就像一个孩子乘着小船，在家乡的河流上探险一样)”和加粗字体下文“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day.(我从使我的身体适应艰苦开始。我参加了去北海的捕鲸航行；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、干渴和缺乏睡眠)”可推测，加粗单词所在句意为“直到现在，作者还记得自己投身这项伟大冒险活动的那一刻”，“enterprise”指的是冒险活动，即“adventure”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer.(我首先让自己的身体习惯吃苦。我参加了前往北海的捕鲸航行；我主动忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴以及睡眠不足。白天，我干活常常比普通水手还要卖力。到了夜里，我就学习数学、医学理论以及对航海冒险家来说具有实际重要性的各类科学知识。)”可知，作者为了实现他的童年梦想，开始让他的身体适应艰苦的环境，经历了捕鲸航行，自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠等痛苦，因此可以得出结论，作者通过经历巨大的痛苦做好了身体上的准备。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer.(我首先让自己的身体习惯吃苦。我参加了前往北海的捕鲸航行；我主动忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴以及睡眠不足。白天，我干活常常比普通水手还要卖力。到了夜里，我就学习数学、医学理论以及对航海冒险家来说具有实际重要性的各类科学知识。)”可推测，作者为实现探险梦想所做的准备和经历，如去北海捕鲸、自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿等痛苦，以及学习数学、医学等实用科学，这显示了他具有坚持不懈的毅力。故选C。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海建平中学·期中)By the middle of the second day I know I’m in trouble. In front of me the land stretches up and away towards a distant hill, and into the space, between that hill and me, is crowded one of the most vivid concentrations of color I have ever seen. It starts with the trees. The wet season is only a few weeks off and almost as if they can smell the coming rains, they have put out their leaves. They are no ordinary green and the dry grasses beneath them are shining with golds, browns and reds. I want to recreate this scene with watercolors. Although I can make a try at it with words, trying to paint it in my sketch book is another matter altogether. I’ve already made one attempt: a series of lines in orange and red, with bluish trees placed across them, which now lies face down in the grass beside me. I’ve put it there because the last thing I want right now is for someone else to come along and look at it. A young man called Royale walks up the hill. Royale is a sculptor, and, with several other local men, produces pieces of work in the local stone. Recently, and quite suddenly, this work, and that of several other local co-operatives, has acquired an international reputation. I certainly don’t want a man capable of such things looking at my own awful painting. So I put my foot, as casually as I can, on the finished one beside me and we resume the conversation started earlier in the day. I want to talk to Royale about his life here. He, however, is only interested in what I am up to. To begin with, it seems that he considers me a fellow artist, and for a moment I find myself staring into the depths of embarrassment. But when he asks me, “What is painting like?” I realize that this professional artist has never painted anything in his life before. He just wants a go with my colors. When I signed up for this holiday, I was hoping for an experience like the one I had had four years earlier in Wales. That was my first painting holiday, and I loved it. Two things made it great. First was the teacher, a man called Robin, who showed me that what is important about drawing and painting is not the finished article but the process of completing it. The second element of that week was the place. I grew up in places like that, and I connected with it immediately. But it was stupid of me to think that I could reproduce the experience down here, deep in the Southern Hemisphere. Zimbabwe is not a part of me, nor I of it. Trying to draw it for the first time, from a standing start, is like trying to start a conversation in Swahili. 1．What problem does the writer have at the beginning of her holiday? A．She can’t reproduce the exact color. B．There are no animals that she can paint. C．She’s brought the wrong materials with her. D．The weather is not good enough for painting. 2．The writer hid her work because ________. A．it was only a quick sketch B．it wasn’t good enough to sell C．she believed Royale painted better D．she thought it would disappoint Royale 3．What does the writer mean by “what I am up to” (in paragraph 3)? A．What I will give him. B．What I am painting. C．What I am thinking about. D．What I can teach him. 4．What does the writer say about her previous painting holiday? A．Her technique improved much faster. B．The landscape was more familiar to her. C．She was able to complete a number of paintings. D．The teacher who taught her then was more talented. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在绘画假期期间所遇到的问题，作者无法重新再现确切的颜色。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“I want to recreate this scene with watercolors. Although I can make a try at it with words, trying to paint it in my sketch book is another matter altogether.(我想用水彩重现这个场景。虽然我可以用文字来尝试，但要在速写本上画出来完全是另一回事)”可推知，作者遇到的问题是不能够重新再现确切的颜色。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I certainly don’t want a man capable of such things looking at my own awful painting. So I put my foot, as casually as I can, on the finished one beside me and we resume the conversation started earlier in the day.(我当然不想让一个能做出这种事的人来看我这幅糟糕的画。于是，我尽可能随意地把脚放在旁边那张已经完成的桌子上，我们继续今天早些时候开始的谈话)”可推知，作者认为自己的画很糟糕，因此不想让Royale失望。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“To begin with, it seems that he considers me a fellow artist, and for a moment I find myself staring into the depths of embarrassment. But when he asks me, “what is painting like?” I realize that this professional artist has never painted anything in his life before. He just wants a go with my colors.(一开始，他似乎把我当作艺术家同行，一时间我发现自己陷入了深深的尴尬之中。但当他问我：“绘画是什么样子的？”我意识到这位职业艺术家以前从来没有画过任何东西。他只是想试试我的颜色)”可推知，通过Royale的问题可以知道他对作者现在做的事情，即正在绘画什么感兴趣。故“what I am up to”的意思是“我正在画什么”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The second element of that week was the place. I grew up in places like that, and I connected with it immediately. (那一周的第二个要素是地点。我就是在这样的地方长大的，我很快就和那里产生了联系)”可知，作者更熟悉之前的绘画假期所在地方的一些风景。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海交通大学附属中学·期中)Touchwood’s bad temper is of the contradicting pugnacious sort. He is the honourable gentleman in opposition, whatever proposal or proposition may be Line broached, and when others join him he secretly dams their superfluous agreement, quickly discovering that his way of stating the case is not exactly theirs. An invitation or any sign of expectation throws him into an attitude of refusal. Ask his concurrence in a benevolent measure: he will not decline to give it, because he has a real sympathy with good aims; but he complies resentfully, though where he is let alone, he will do much more than anyone would have thought of asking for. No man would shrink with greater sensitiveness from the imputation of not paying his debts, yet when a bill is sent in with any promptitude, he is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money he is in such a hurry to get. One sees that this antagonistic temper must be much relieved by finding a particular object, and that its worst moments must be those where the mood is that of vague resistance, there being nothing specific to oppose. Touchwood is never so little engaging as when he comes down to breakfast with a cloud on his brow, after parting from you the night before with an affectionate effusiveness at the end of a confidential conversation which has assured you of mutual understanding. Impossible that you can have committed any offence. If mice have disturbed him, that is not your fault; but, nevertheless, your cheerful greeting had better not convey any reference to the weather, else it will be met by a sneer which, taking you unawares, may give you a crushing sense that you make a poor figure with your cheerfulness, which was not asked for. Some daring person perhaps introduces another topic, and uses the delicate flattery of appealing to Touchwood for his opinion, the topic being included in his favourite studies. An indistinct muttering, with a look at the carving-knife in reply, teaches that daring person how ill he has chosen a market for his deference. If Touchwood’s behaviour affects you very closely you had better break your leg in the course of the day: his bad temper will then vanish at once; he will take a painful journey on your behalf; he will sit up with you night after night; he will do all the work of your department so as to save you from any loss in consequence of your accident; he will be even uniformly tender to you till you are well on your legs again, when he will some fine morning insult you without provocation, and make you wish that his generous goodness to you had not closed your lips against retort. 1．The narrator suggests that agreeing with Touchwood on a given subject is a way to ________ A．achieve a kind of victory over him B．change his grouchiness to good humor C．earn his grudging intellectual respect D．throw him into confusion and embarrassment E．cause him to alter his original approach 2．According to the narrator, when is Touchwood LEAST contented? A．When he fails to agree with an opponent B．When a tradesman presents him with a bill C．When he fails to get a peaceful night’s sleep D．When he lacks a specific object to challenge E．When he is unable to achieve a benevolent end 3．What is the most likely reason that Touchwood “is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money”? A．He enjoys doing harm to other people. B．He fears for his own financial security. C．He refuses to respond to another’s prompting. D．He is extremely wary of being cheated. E．He is uncertain about the legitimacy of others’ demands. 4．The underlined part “Impossible… fault” primarily serve to ________ A．offer feeble excuses B．present contradictory explanations C．acknowledge personal responsibility D．imagine and reject possible provocations E．describe and deny public allegations 5．At the end of the passage, the narrator suggests that the person who has had the “accident” will ________ A．become Touchwood’s friend for life B．be reluctant to respond to verbal attacks from Touchwood C．tend to avoid Touchwood’s company at any cost D．have only kindly feelings toward Touchwood E．have a lower opinion of Touchwood than before the accident 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述Touchwood的好斗易怒脾气：反对他人却暗改己见，他拒绝邀请却会默默付出更多；他敏感于债务却故意拖延付款；当他人遭遇不幸时，他会无私帮助，但之后又无故侮辱人，凸显其行为的不一致性和矛盾性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二句“He is the honourable gentleman in opposition, whatever proposal or proposition may be Line broached, and when others join him he secretly dams their superfluous agreement, quickly discovering that his way of stating the case is not exactly theirs.(无论提出何种提议或主张，他都是在野党的正直人士。当其他人与他意见一致时，他会巧妙地阻止他们过度的赞同，因为他很快就会发现自己的陈述方式与他们的并不完全一致)”可知，如果能与Touchwood在某个特定问题上达成一致，那么这将促使他改变自己最初的处理方式。故选E。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“One sees that this antagonistic temper must be much relieved by finding a particular object, and that its worst moments must be those where the mood is that of vague resistance, there being nothing specific to oppose.(由此可见，这种对立的情绪在找到某个特定对象后必然会得到极大的缓解，而其最糟糕的时刻则是在那种模糊的抵抗情绪出现的时候，即此时并无具体的事物可供对抗)”可知，Touchwood没有特定目标去挑战时最为不满足。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“An invitation or any sign of expectation throws him into an attitude of refusal.(任何一种邀请或表现出的期待之意都会让他产生拒绝的念头)”以及“No man would shrink with greater sensitiveness from the imputation of not paying his debts, yet when a bill is sent in with any promptitude, he is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money he is in such a hurry to get.(没有人会更敏感地回避因未偿还债务而受到的指责，然而一旦收到付款通知，只要对方能迅速付款，他往往就会让商人继续等待这笔急需的资金)”可知，Touchwood‘倾向于让商人等待付款’，最有可能的原因是他习惯性地抗拒他人的催促，体现了其矛盾性格中拒绝回应提示的特质。故选C。 4．句意猜测题。根据文中“Touchwood is never so little engaging as when he comes down to breakfast with a cloud on his brow, after parting from you the night before with an affectionate effusiveness at the end of a confidential conversation which has assured you of mutual understanding. Impossible that you can have committed any offence. If mice have disturbed him, that is not your fault; but, nevertheless, your cheerful greeting had better not convey any reference to the weather, else it will be met by a sneer which, taking you unawares, may give you a crushing sense that you make a poor figure with your cheerfulness, which was not asked for.(Touchwood在与你告别后，若在次日早餐时仍愁容满面，那他就显得格外不讨人喜欢了。前一晚你们还进行了一次亲密的交谈，其间你对他表达了深深的信赖，还保证彼此之间会相互理解。你不可能有什么过错吧？要是老鼠打扰了他，那也不是你的错；但无论如何，你那欢快的问候最好别涉及天气的话题，否则就会遭到嘲笑，而这种嘲笑会让你猝不及防，从而深刻地意识到自己那欢快的举止实在令人难以接受)”可知，通过想象 “你冒犯他”“老鼠打扰他” 等可能，又一一否定，表明是在设想并排除可能的激怒因素。故划线部分主要是为了设想并排除可能的挑衅行为，从而突出Touchwood无缘无故的坏脾气。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文中“If Touchwood’s behaviour affects you very closely you had better break your leg in the course of the day: his bad temper will then vanish at once; he will take a painful journey on your behalf; he will sit up with you night after night; he will do all the work of your department so as to save you from any loss in consequence of your accident; he will be even uniformly tender to you till you are well on your legs again, when he will some fine morning insult you without provocation, and make you wish that his generous goodness to you had not closed your lips against retort.(如果Touchwood的行为对你影响很大，那你最好在当天就把腿打断：这样他的坏脾气就会立刻消失；他会替你经历一段痛苦的旅程；他会日夜陪伴着你；他会承担你部门的所有工作，以免你因这次事故而遭受任何损失；他会对你始终如一地温柔体贴，直到你重新能正常行走为止，那时他会在一个美好的早晨无缘无故地侮辱你，让你懊悔自己当初没有拒绝他的慷慨善举)”可知，那位遭遇“意外事故”的人因受惠于Touchwood的善意而无法回击其侮辱，内心不愿回应言语攻击。故选B。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海中学·期中)“It’s a windy day in Laguna San Ignacio, and the waves seem to come from all directions,” said Sara Clemence in Bloomberg Businessweek. My children and I are riding on an 18-foot boat — small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we’ve come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it. As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby. The baby soon swims beneath our boat, emerges to blow mist in my face, then “lies onto its side like a 2-ton puppy.” Leaning down, I touched its skin gently. “It feels electric. Also, a bit like petting a hard-boiled egg.” San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. The whales come each year to the coast of Baja California to give birth and to mate. If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leathery fin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek.” I usually worry about such interactions, because wild creatures can become deeply stressed by human contact. But boat numbers are strictly limited in these protected waters. And any whale that approaches a boat does so on its own terms. Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed.” So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact: “More than once, after nosing around our boat, a young gray whale turns on its side so one dark, baseball-size eye is looking up at us.” Whalers used to call gray whales “devil fish” because these magnificent creatures turn violent when threatened — “or, say, when their babies are harmed.” That makes it feel even more of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale approaches the boat. “I’m splashing when I feel her nose press up into my hand.” Though she’s “wiser and apparently more alert” than her child, “she still decides to trust us.” 1．According to the passage, people can NOT interact with a whale by ________. A．splashing water to it B．gently touching its skin C．swimming alongside it D．looking at it in the eye 2．The underlined phrase in paragraph 2 means that the whale ________. A．is mad with too many visitors B．is willing to be petted by people on the boat C．can interact with people based on its likes D．can decide its preferred swimming route 3．Why does the author consider it “a blessing” when a large mama whale approaches the boat? A．Because she is smarter than her child and better at interacting with people. B．Because she believes in people and will not turn violent if her baby is harmed. C．Because a whale as large as this one is rare to see. D．Because she trusts people despite her concerns about her child’s safety. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Preserving the Devil Fish in Laguna San Ignacio B．A Beautiful Encounter with Gray Whales C．A Risky but Exciting Whale-Watching Journey D．Appropriate Ways to Interact with Gray Whales 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sara Clemence和孩子们在圣伊格纳西奥湖的一段和鲸鱼互动的海上之旅，展现了人与自然的和谐共处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby.(按照指示，我们用力泼水，向这头巨大的鲸鱼发出信号，原来它是一位带着几周大婴儿的母亲)”和“Leaning down, I touched its skin gently.(我俯下身，轻轻地摸了摸它的皮肤)”和第三段中的“So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact(因此，我们是两个物种，通过触摸和眼神接触交流)”可知，人们可以通过向鲸鱼泼水、轻抚鲸鱼的皮肤、跟鲸鱼进行眼神接触来互动。文中没有提到可以和鲸鱼一起游泳，C项错误。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leathery fin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek.”(如果你幸运的话，你可以“与坚韧的鳍握手”，甚至可以“在冰冷、咸涩的脸颊上吻上一吻”)”及下文“Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed.”(就像那只小鲸鱼：“我们见过它几次，它似乎喜欢被抚摸和被泼水。”)”可知，这些靠近船只的鲸鱼都是按照自己的方式和人们互动的。由此可知，does so on its own terms指的是“鲸鱼可以根据自己的喜好与人互动”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That makes it feel even more  of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale  approaches the boat. “I’m splashing when I feel her nose press up into  my hand.” Though she’s “wiser and apparently more alert” than her child,  “she still decides to trust us.”(当我们在那里的第三天，一头大型鲸鱼妈妈靠近船时，这让我们感觉更像是一种祝福。“当我感觉到她的鼻子压在我的手上时，我正在溅水。”虽然她比她的孩子“更聪明，更警觉”，但“她仍然决定相信我们。”)”可推知，当这只大型鲸鱼妈妈靠近他们的船时，作者感到这是一种“祝福”，因为尽管她会担心自己孩子们的安全，但她依然选择相信人类。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“My children and I are riding on an 18-foot boat — small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we’ve come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it.(我和孩子们坐在一艘18英尺长的船上，船足够小，如果一头灰鲸在旁边游动，我们就可以把手伸下水里。然后我们看到了我们来这里的目的：一场心形的阵雨和一团黑块在它下面冲来。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要描述了作者和孩子们的一段和鲸鱼互动的海上之旅。由此可知，B项“一场与灰鲸的美丽邂逅”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海外国语大学附属外国语学校松江云间中学·期中)Clementine seemed to be missing a piece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas. While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family. Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighters deal with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten! “They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.” Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.” Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards! 1．Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family? A．She was too active. B．She liked fire. C．She ate too much. D．She was aggressive. 2．What does the underlined word “smithen” probably mean? A．touched B．fascinated C．confused D．embarrassed 3．What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do? A．Help put out fires. B．Guard the firehouse. C．Stay excited day and night. D．Ease pressure of firefighters. 4．What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs? A．She risked her life as a fire dog. B．She has got many important awards. C．She did an excellent job as a fire dog. D．She remained homeless in her whole life. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clementine从一只流浪狗成为消防英雄狗的奇妙旅程。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family.(事实证明，Clementine和小宠物相处不来，而且对于第二个家庭来说，她有太多的精力)”可知，Clementine没能留在第二个家庭的原因是她太活跃了。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下面的一段“‘They introduced us to Clementine,’ Captain Moree recalled. ‘She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.’(‘他们把我们介绍给Clementine，’Moree队长回忆道。‘她开始喜欢我们，我们也立刻喜欢上了她。那天晚些时候，我和我的司机Bryan Wallen决定去接她。’）”可知，Moree队长他们被Clementine吸引住了，所以才决定接受她，所以，划线单词smitten与fascinated意义一致。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighters deal with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run!(与此同时，Robert Moree队长想给消防站增加一只消防犬。他刚刚读了一篇关于狗如何帮助消防员应对工作压力的研究，他渴望让这项研究在现实生活中进行试验！)”可知，Moree队长想让消防犬减轻消防员的压力。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards!(Clementine从一只无家可归的狗变成了一只英雄狗，经历了如此奇妙的旅程。她在2022年ASPCA人道奖上被评为年度最佳狗!）”可以推论出，作为消防犬，Clementine一定表现出色，她才会被评为年度最佳狗。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解之记叙文 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海卢湾高级中学·期中)My son, Toby,17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19. He is the first in our household to test positive, and all the information provided for people in this situation is designed for adults who are (or should be) concerned about protecting their families. Toby, obviously, cannot comprehend such advice. He cannot keep a distance from everybody else, or eat and wash in a separate room. We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation. Indeed. Not much we can do. So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with COVED-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. Not much we can do. My first reaction, after absorbing his diagnosis (诊断) , was to cook sausages. I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. Yes, it may now be inevitable that we’re going to contract the very virus we’ve spent a year avoiding, but as long as we don’t contract it at the same time, then, hopefully, one or other of us will be available to look after our kids (thus answering my five-year-old’s most pressing concern: “...but who will make the pudding?”). So, to minimise asymptomatic transmission, we’ve opened all the windows. And we’ve decided to wear face coverings whenever we are with Toby. This decision has been insignificant to him -- I imagine he literally cannot remember life before masks—but for me, it’s distressing. I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it is telling me that my home has been infected. That it’s no longer a safe space. And so it was, when I sat down to write this column, that I ended up writing about COVID, which is probably the last thing you wanted to read. Sorry about that. COVID has coloured my thoughts today, even though I know that my wife and children will be fine, and that really we should just be grateful we haven’t passed it on to my grandmother. I predict there will be more sausages in the morning. 1．By repeating the sentence “Not much we can do” in paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________. A．he feels annoyed B．he is really helpless C．he wants professional support D．he needs to keep a distance from Toby 2．According to the writer, what did sausages bring to him? A．Sadness. B．Appetite. C．Concern. D．Relief. 3．Why did wearing masks at home cause distress to the writer? A．It discourages him from writing about COVID． B．It lets him remember the days before COVID-19. C．It is a reminder of what is happening to his family. D．It makes him feel at a loss for how to help his son. 4．What can be concluded from the passage? A．The diagnosis leaves the writer’s family in a tough spot. B．The writer is sure that his other kids won’t contract the virus. C．Being infected with COVID-19 makes Toby in a bad mood. D．Sausages have long been considered by many to be comfort food Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海七宝中学·期中)Whenever I ask to go to the movies, my mom’s first response is always “No!” When I want to go dancing, she adds a firm “No! No! No!” for emphasis. She claims she is only trying to protect me from what she calls “bad elements”. On a sunny day, Mom rejected my request to go to West Indian Day Parade and insisted I accompany her as she worked cleaning a large house. I followed her to a grand dining room, watching her apply lemon-scented polish to the furniture. I imagined my friends dressing up in fancy costumes, enjoying the celebratory time at the parade. I glared at my mother, hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way. But as I watched, my emotions began to change. I noticed how tenderly she rubbed her dusting cloth along a large piano in the corner. “Is this like your piano in Guyana, Mom?” I asked. “Yes. This baby grand piano is exactly like the one my Dad bought me when I was your age.” Her sigh was full of longing. I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist. I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when she practiced for hours every day. Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were gnarled from so many days spent cleaning other people’s homes. “Stop!” Mrs. Smithers, the homeowner, yelled, “That’s a very valuable instrument!” “I am well aware of that.” she said slowly, “I play for my church.” “But that’s not a church-music piano. We play classical music on that piano.” I watched as my mother’s eyes narrowed and her face tightened. I felt the same tightening in my chest. “You don’t know anything about us … or pianos!” I screamed. Immediately I worried I had done something wrong, but I also felt the tightening in my chest loosened. I waited for my mother to blame me, but instead she glanced my way, smiling proudly. “That’s all I have time for today. My daughter and I are going to the parade. Come on, love.” “But Veronica, you will return next week, right?” “No!” said my mother, “No! No! No!” 1．The underlined word “gnarled” in paragraph 4 probably means ______. A．rough and twisted B．clean and swift C．painful but sensitive D．bent but flexible 2．What do you know about the mother according to the article? A．She regretted being a cleaning woman. B．She quit her hobby to support the family. C．She refused the daughter’s request due to the tight budget. D．She wished her daughter to become a well-respected pianist. 3．How did the writer’s attitude toward her mother change on the day? A．From critical to ashamed. B．From fearful to respectful. C．From pitiful to understanding. D．From angry to sympathetic. 4．What does the story mainly want to express? A．Don’t look down upon those inferior to you. B．Reaching out for those in trouble can be rewarding. C．Understanding others’ experiences helps identify with them. D．Don’t abandon your idea even if one shows strong disagreement. Passage 3 (24-25高一上·上海实验·期中)Back in 1958, I was crazy about the Norfolk and Western 746. The smooth bullet-nose engine with its orange and yellow lines and shiny streamline d black tender (车厢) seemed to have cast a spell on me. Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet — enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high. Unfortunately, the amazing 746 also had an amazing price — $50, equal to about $450 today. That was far more than my grandfather could afford. Instead, I had to be content with his little Lionel plastic, which was SIX INCHES shorter than the 746 and had no headlight, no smoker or no sound! But that was the best that my grandfather could give me at that time. Years passed, and I was in my 30s. Superior sound systems and computer controls dominated toy trains. I never gave a look. My interest in toy trains, I firmly believed, had faded, so did my admiration for the 746, since my grandfather was not with me. The 746 was never called to mind. On an ordinary day, however, I happened to see the 746 outside the window of a train show. Just one-look, I could not look away. Childhood memories that I tried to hide in the depths of my heart raced through my mind, happy or sad. That day I took the 746 home and placed it in the center of the room, and let my childhood dream sing its way around me. Smoke rose out from the engine and the soft song sounded from its tender. It seemed as if I could see the soft light in grandfather’s eyes and hear his cheerful laughter. 1．Which best describes the 746 in the author’s eyes? A．Its measurement was at a disadvantage. B．Its price rocketed from $50 to $450. C．Its beauty had a special appeal. D．It was the largest train in 1958. 2．How did the author feel when receiving his little Lionel plastic? A．Visibly relieved. B．Slightly discontented. C．Really delighted. D．Terribly ashamed. 3．What happened to the author in his 30s? A．He left his grandfather alone. B．He didn’t favor the 746 at all. C．He admired advanced toy trains. D．He attempted not to recall the past. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The 746: A Perfect Gift from My Grandfather B．Toy Trains: Memories of A Generation C．The 746: Childhood Memories of Love D．Toy Trains: Childhood in History 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海松江区·期中)Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing. London, loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He though Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting. London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, farmer, factory employee, railroad worker, and gold prospector, to name just a few of his many jobs. London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is much large sailing boat. Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In 1897, he headed for Alaska. He didn’t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories. London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather be a superb meteor (流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow,than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer,nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words everyday. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer. White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London’s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels. 1．Why was Jack London able to write on many topics? A．He pushed himself to reach goals. B．He had a variety of experiences and jobs. C．He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush. D．He was the best-selling and highest-paid author. 2．What prevented Jack London from finishing college? A．That he was hired to sail to Japan. B．That he traveled to Alaska in 1897. C．That he spent much of his time writing. D．That he was not interested in college life enough. 3．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London________. A．is expert at universe. B．aims high and strive to succeed. C．is excited about life of the wildness. D．face a choice between life and death. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To support the statement that London was the “best writer”. B．To describe life during the Klondike Gold Rush. C．To provide information on Jack’ s life. D．To identify books written by Jack London. Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海宝山区顾村中学·期中)Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the Italian capital, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit with Christmas decorations. Here are the things that I loved most about the city. Rome is one of the most ancient cities in the world and is full of wonderful relics from its distant past. These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt exotic animals. The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can’t quite believe how old they are. I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. We walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures. The best part of the visit was, without a doubt, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by the great Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn’t tear my eyes away from it. In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn’t very good quality. I made an effort to find authentic restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon. I also loved eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights. Rome has lots of luxury boutiques but also plenty of shops that were more in my price range! It was a perfect opportunity to go and buy presents for my family and friends. There was also a Christmas market, where I bought a sparkly decoration for the tree. I love seeing new places, especially capital cities. I have been very lucky this year because I also visited Amsterdam and New York in the summer. Hopefully I’ll get to travel even more in the future. I would love to see Prague, Budapest and explore other places outside of Europe. Where do you think I should go next? 1．The underlined word “gladiators” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “________”. A．athletes B．butchers C．invaders D．fighters 2．The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because ________. A．they represent Rome’s religion B．they are relics from Rome’s distant past C．they are modern and fashion D．they include exotic animals 3．What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph? A．The history of Vatican City. B．The life story of Michelangelo. C．The art-related activities during the visit. D．The literature of the Renaissance period. 4．According to the passage, when visiting Rome you should be careful in choosing the ________. A．food B．attractions C．hotels D．luxury boutiques Passage 3 (24-25高一上·上海育才中学·期中)One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文) showing how it was used. This was a huge task, so Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next 17 years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum (精神病院) for the Criminally Insane. Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. 1．According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary ________. A．came out before minor died B．was edited by an American volunteer C．included the English words invented by Murray D．was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary 2．How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary? A．He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B．He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray. C．He provided a great number of words and quotations. D．he went to England to work with Murray. 3．Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because ________. A．they both served in the Civil War B．they had a common interest in words C．Minor recovered with the help of Murray D．Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor 4．Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor? A．Brave and determined. B．Cautious and friendly. C．Considerate and optimistic. D．Unusual and scholarly. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海闵行区·期中)Clementine seemed to be missing apiece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas. While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family. Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten! “They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.” Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.” Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards! 1．Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family? A．She liked fire. B．She was too active. C．She ate too much. D．She hated other pets. 2．What does the underlined word “smitten” probably mean? A．moved B．puzzled C．attracted D．surprised 3．What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do? A．Help put out fires. B．Guard the firehouse. C．Stay excited day and night D．Reduce stress of firefighters. 4．What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs? A．She risked her life as a fire dog. B．She has got many important awards. C．She did an excellent job as a fire dog. D．She remained homeless in her whole life. Passage 2 (23-24高一上·上海黄浦区·期中)“It’s a windy day in Laguna San Ignacio, and the waves seem to come from all directions,” said Sara Clemence in Bloomberg Businessweek. My children and I are riding on a 18-foot boat—small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we’ve come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it. As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby. The baby soon swims beneath our boat, emerges to blow mist in my face, then “lies onto its side like a 2-ton puppy.” Leaning down, I touched its skin gently. “It feels electric. Also, a bit like petting a hard-boiled egg.” San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. The whales come each year to the coast of Baja California to give birth and to mate. If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leatheryfin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek.” I usually worry about such interactions, because wild creatures can become deeply stressed by human contact. But boat numbers are strictly limited in these protected waters.  And any whale that approaches a boat does so on its own terms. Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed.” So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact: “More than once, after nosing around our boat, a young gray turns on its side so one dark, baseball-size eye is looking up at us.” Whalers  used  to  call  gray  whales  “devil  fish”  because  these  magnificent  creatures  turn  violent  when threatened—“or, say, when their babies are harmed.” That makes it feel even more of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale approaches the boat. “I’m splashing when I feel her nose press up into my hand.” Though she’s “wiser and apparently more alert” than her child, “she still decides to trust us.” 1．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．The writer was on a whale-touching trip. B．The writer’s boat went down with a huge wave. C．The baby whale splashed water all over the writer. D．The mother whale’s skin felt as hard as a boiled egg. 2．By “does so on its own terms” (in paragraph 2), the writer means whales in San Ignacio are ______. A．mad with too many visitors B．ready for hands-on attention C．restricted in swimming routes D．enclosed in their safety zones 3．Gray whales got the name of “devil fish” from their ______. A．strange appearance B．inborn violence C．surprisingly enormous size D．fierceness in danger 4．The writer’s implied purpose in the passage is to ______. A．popularize the knowledge of whales B．show admiration for whales’ motherhood C．share an experience of the sea voyage D．advocate harmony between man and nature 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·上海市西中学·期中)Before the break of dawn, Simon was already standing on the shore watching the sea intensely for any signs of a coming storm. Despite learning from the weather forecast the possibility of a violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip. After checking for the third time that he had brought with him what he needed, Simon got onto his boat and sailed into the vast blue sea. Before long, he was anchoring (固定) his boat in the middle of the sea. Satisfied with the spot, he cast his net, hoping for a good catch. Simon then relaxed on the deck and watched the sun rising slowly above the horizon. “One can never trust the weather station,” he said, but he had said it too soon. At that moment, there was a sudden strike of lightning, followed by a shout of thunder. The entire sky was suddenly filled with dark clouds. Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways. A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do. In double-quick time, he cut off the fishing lines and dumped his fishing equipment into the sea. Eventually, the storm eased and the waves died down. To make matters worse, the boat engine died. As he was many kilometres offshore, the only likely rescue was to be spotted by a boat. But who would be out at sea in such horrible weather except him? That made Simon regret his earlier decision again. Exhausted, Simon soon drifted off to sleep. When he awoke, the sun had already risen. Simon had lost track of time and location. Sighing, he stood on the deck, staring out hopefully. Then he spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him. When Simon reached land, he was too weak to stand on his legs. Fortunately, a kind-hearted man helped him up and contacted his family. Though Simon emerged from the nightmare unhurt, the fateful day remained forever in his mind. Neglecting the weather forecast, he paid a heavy price. He then learnt that everyone should respect science and be more mindful of his decision. 1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Not informed of the weather forecast, Simon went fishing as planned. B．Simon lost his fishing equipment because it was blown off by the wind. C．Love for his family made him take action trying to save himself. D．Though he was finally saved, he was hurt badly. 2．What mainly caused him to meet with such a horrible event? A．He was too confident of his ability to deal with the rescue team. B．He ignored storm forecast and went fishing anyway. C．His fishing equipment was too heavy for his boat. D．He positioned his boat in a wrong location in the sea. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．A smooth fishing trip a fisherman used to have. B．A terrible accident a fisherman experienced and how he survived. C．The hardships a man has to handle when going fishing. D．Ways to seek help in dangerous situations in life. Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海复旦大学附属中学·期中)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river. This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas’s library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally, my thoughts come to the idea of making a voyage of discovery. Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path. 1．What does the author think of the Pole? A．It reminds him of his childhood. B．It must be a region full of surprises. C．It would fulfil his dream of being an adventurer. D．It’s too cold a destination with almost nothing. 2．What does the bold-lettered word “enterprise” mean in the last paragraph? A．project B．initiative C．business D．adventure 3．To realize his childhood dream, the author got__________. A．physically prepared by experiencing great suffering B．spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recognition C．academically prepared by reading books on exploration D．financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship 4．According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of__________. A．courage B．fancy C．perseverance D．pride 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海建平中学·期中)By the middle of the second day I know I’m in trouble. In front of me the land stretches up and away towards a distant hill, and into the space, between that hill and me, is crowded one of the most vivid concentrations of color I have ever seen. It starts with the trees. The wet season is only a few weeks off and almost as if they can smell the coming rains, they have put out their leaves. They are no ordinary green and the dry grasses beneath them are shining with golds, browns and reds. I want to recreate this scene with watercolors. Although I can make a try at it with words, trying to paint it in my sketch book is another matter altogether. I’ve already made one attempt: a series of lines in orange and red, with bluish trees placed across them, which now lies face down in the grass beside me. I’ve put it there because the last thing I want right now is for someone else to come along and look at it. A young man called Royale walks up the hill. Royale is a sculptor, and, with several other local men, produces pieces of work in the local stone. Recently, and quite suddenly, this work, and that of several other local co-operatives, has acquired an international reputation. I certainly don’t want a man capable of such things looking at my own awful painting. So I put my foot, as casually as I can, on the finished one beside me and we resume the conversation started earlier in the day. I want to talk to Royale about his life here. He, however, is only interested in what I am up to. To begin with, it seems that he considers me a fellow artist, and for a moment I find myself staring into the depths of embarrassment. But when he asks me, “What is painting like?” I realize that this professional artist has never painted anything in his life before. He just wants a go with my colors. When I signed up for this holiday, I was hoping for an experience like the one I had had four years earlier in Wales. That was my first painting holiday, and I loved it. Two things made it great. First was the teacher, a man called Robin, who showed me that what is important about drawing and painting is not the finished article but the process of completing it. The second element of that week was the place. I grew up in places like that, and I connected with it immediately. But it was stupid of me to think that I could reproduce the experience down here, deep in the Southern Hemisphere. Zimbabwe is not a part of me, nor I of it. Trying to draw it for the first time, from a standing start, is like trying to start a conversation in Swahili. 1．What problem does the writer have at the beginning of her holiday? A．She can’t reproduce the exact color. B．There are no animals that she can paint. C．She’s brought the wrong materials with her. D．The weather is not good enough for painting. 2．The writer hid her work because ________. A．it was only a quick sketch B．it wasn’t good enough to sell C．she believed Royale painted better D．she thought it would disappoint Royale 3．What does the writer mean by “what I am up to” (in paragraph 3)? A．What I will give him. B．What I am painting. C．What I am thinking about. D．What I can teach him. 4．What does the writer say about her previous painting holiday? A．Her technique improved much faster. B．The landscape was more familiar to her. C．She was able to complete a number of paintings. D．The teacher who taught her then was more talented. Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海交通大学附属中学·期中)Touchwood’s bad temper is of the contradicting pugnacious sort. He is the honourable gentleman in opposition, whatever proposal or proposition may be Line broached, and when others join him he secretly dams their superfluous agreement, quickly discovering that his way of stating the case is not exactly theirs. An invitation or any sign of expectation throws him into an attitude of refusal. Ask his concurrence in a benevolent measure: he will not decline to give it, because he has a real sympathy with good aims; but he complies resentfully, though where he is let alone, he will do much more than anyone would have thought of asking for. No man would shrink with greater sensitiveness from the imputation of not paying his debts, yet when a bill is sent in with any promptitude, he is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money he is in such a hurry to get. One sees that this antagonistic temper must be much relieved by finding a particular object, and that its worst moments must be those where the mood is that of vague resistance, there being nothing specific to oppose. Touchwood is never so little engaging as when he comes down to breakfast with a cloud on his brow, after parting from you the night before with an affectionate effusiveness at the end of a confidential conversation which has assured you of mutual understanding. Impossible that you can have committed any offence. If mice have disturbed him, that is not your fault; but, nevertheless, your cheerful greeting had better not convey any reference to the weather, else it will be met by a sneer which, taking you unawares, may give you a crushing sense that you make a poor figure with your cheerfulness, which was not asked for. Some daring person perhaps introduces another topic, and uses the delicate flattery of appealing to Touchwood for his opinion, the topic being included in his favourite studies. An indistinct muttering, with a look at the carving-knife in reply, teaches that daring person how ill he has chosen a market for his deference. If Touchwood’s behaviour affects you very closely you had better break your leg in the course of the day: his bad temper will then vanish at once; he will take a painful journey on your behalf; he will sit up with you night after night; he will do all the work of your department so as to save you from any loss in consequence of your accident; he will be even uniformly tender to you till you are well on your legs again, when he will some fine morning insult you without provocation, and make you wish that his generous goodness to you had not closed your lips against retort. 1．The narrator suggests that agreeing with Touchwood on a given subject is a way to ________ A．achieve a kind of victory over him B．change his grouchiness to good humor C．earn his grudging intellectual respect D．throw him into confusion and embarrassment E．cause him to alter his original approach 2．According to the narrator, when is Touchwood LEAST contented? A．When he fails to agree with an opponent B．When a tradesman presents him with a bill C．When he fails to get a peaceful night’s sleep D．When he lacks a specific object to challenge E．When he is unable to achieve a benevolent end 3．What is the most likely reason that Touchwood “is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money”? A．He enjoys doing harm to other people. B．He fears for his own financial security. C．He refuses to respond to another’s prompting. D．He is extremely wary of being cheated. E．He is uncertain about the legitimacy of others’ demands. 4．The underlined part “Impossible… fault” primarily serve to ________ A．offer feeble excuses B．present contradictory explanations C．acknowledge personal responsibility D．imagine and reject possible provocations E．describe and deny public allegations 5．At the end of the passage, the narrator suggests that the person who has had the “accident” will ________ A．become Touchwood’s friend for life B．be reluctant to respond to verbal attacks from Touchwood C．tend to avoid Touchwood’s company at any cost D．have only kindly feelings toward Touchwood E．have a lower opinion of Touchwood than before the accident 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·上海中学·期中)“It’s a windy day in Laguna San Ignacio, and the waves seem to come from all directions,” said Sara Clemence in Bloomberg Businessweek. My children and I are riding on an 18-foot boat — small enough that we can reach down into the water if a gray whale swims up alongside. And then we see what we’ve come for: a heart-shaped shower of water and a dark mass rushing below it. As instructed, we splash (溅泼) the water strongly to signal the huge whale, which turns out to be a mother with her weeks-old baby. The baby soon swims beneath our boat, emerges to blow mist in my face, then “lies onto its side like a 2-ton puppy.” Leaning down, I touched its skin gently. “It feels electric. Also, a bit like petting a hard-boiled egg.” San Ignacio is one of very few places where a person can pet a whale. The whales come each year to the coast of Baja California to give birth and to mate. If you’re lucky, you can “shake hands with a leathery fin (鳍)” or even “plant a kiss on a cold, salty cheek.” I usually worry about such interactions, because wild creatures can become deeply stressed by human contact. But boat numbers are strictly limited in these protected waters. And any whale that approaches a boat does so on its own terms. Like that baby whale: “We see him a few times, and he seems to like being petted and splashed.” So we are two species, connecting through touch, but also through eye contact: “More than once, after nosing around our boat, a young gray whale turns on its side so one dark, baseball-size eye is looking up at us.” Whalers used to call gray whales “devil fish” because these magnificent creatures turn violent when threatened — “or, say, when their babies are harmed.” That makes it feel even more of a blessing when, on our third day there, a large mama whale approaches the boat. “I’m splashing when I feel her nose press up into my hand.” Though she’s “wiser and apparently more alert” than her child, “she still decides to trust us.” 1．According to the passage, people can NOT interact with a whale by ________. A．splashing water to it B．gently touching its skin C．swimming alongside it D．looking at it in the eye 2．The underlined phrase in paragraph 2 means that the whale ________. A．is mad with too many visitors B．is willing to be petted by people on the boat C．can interact with people based on its likes D．can decide its preferred swimming route 3．Why does the author consider it “a blessing” when a large mama whale approaches the boat? A．Because she is smarter than her child and better at interacting with people. B．Because she believes in people and will not turn violent if her baby is harmed. C．Because a whale as large as this one is rare to see. D．Because she trusts people despite her concerns about her child’s safety. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Preserving the Devil Fish in Laguna San Ignacio B．A Beautiful Encounter with Gray Whales C．A Risky but Exciting Whale-Watching Journey D．Appropriate Ways to Interact with Gray Whales Passage 2 (24-25高一上·上海外国语大学附属外国语学校松江云间中学·期中)Clementine seemed to be missing a piece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas. While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family. Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighters deal with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten! “They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.” Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.” Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards! 1．Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family? A．She was too active. B．She liked fire. C．She ate too much. D．She was aggressive. 2．What does the underlined word “smithen” probably mean? A．touched B．fascinated C．confused D．embarrassed 3．What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do? A．Help put out fires. B．Guard the firehouse. C．Stay excited day and night. D．Ease pressure of firefighters. 4．What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs? A．She risked her life as a fire dog. B．She has got many important awards. C．She did an excellent job as a fire dog. D．She remained homeless in her whole life. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $