专题01 选择性必修第一册Units 1～3 重点单词短语句型&写作通用表达（期中知识清单）高二英语上学期北师大版

专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&写作通用表达 Unit 1 重点单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一．动词背默 1.humour n.幽默感  2.outgoing adj.外向的,好交际的  3.host vt.主办;做……的东道主 n.主人;主持人  4.pour vt.灌,注,倒  5.fuel n.燃料  6.lack vt.缺乏  7.drag vt.拖,拉  8.handle vt.处理(难题);应付(局面)  9.upset adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的 vt.使生气,使心烦意乱 10.raise vt.提出,提起  11.highlight vt.标出;突出显示  12.manner n.方式,方法  13.flow n.流动 vi.流,流动  14.million n.百万  15.dominate vi.& vt.主宰,支配,控制  16.deadline n.截止日期,最后期限  17.chase vi.& vt.努力赢得 n.追逐,追赶  18.delay vi.& vt.推迟,延期  19.bend vi.& vt.弯腰;俯身  20.rude adj.无礼的  21.behalf n.代表……  22.topic n.话题,题目  23.belong vi.应在(某处);适应  24.defend vi.& vt.保护,保卫  25.principle n.原则;行为准则  26.politics n.政治,政治活动  27.contrast n.差异,差别 vt.形成对比  二．词汇拓展 1.passionate adj.热爱的,酷爱的;具有强烈信念的→passion n.激情;酷爱  2.occasionally adv.偶尔;偶然→occasional adj.偶然的→occasion n.时机,机会;场合  3.emotional adj.激起感情的;情感上的→emotion n.情感;情绪→emotionally adv.感情上;情绪上  4.extremely adv.极度,极其→extreme adj.极端的;极度的 n.极端  5.grateful adj.感激的,感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地;感谢地→gratitude n.感激之情;感谢  6.practical adj.实际的;实践的;切实可行的→practically adv.实际地;几乎→practice n.实践;练习;惯例 v.练习;实习  7.behaviour n.行为,举止→behave v.表现;表现得体  8.access n.进入;接触的机会→accessible adj.易接近的;可进入的;容易理解的  9.worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的→worth adj.值……钱 n.价值→worthy adj.值得……的;有价值的  10.preference n.偏爱,偏好→prefer vt.更喜欢  11.ashamed adj.羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的→shame n.羞耻,羞愧;憾事vt.使丢脸,使羞愧 →shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的  12.intention n.意图,目的;打算→intend v.打算;想要;意指→intended adj.有意的,打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的  13.demanding adj.要求严格的;费力的→demand v.强烈要求,需要 n.要求  14.effective adj.有效的→effect n.影响;效果v.使发生,引起  15.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的→sense n.感觉官能;观念;理智vt.感觉到;检测出 →sensible adj.明智的;合理的  16.constantly adv.持续不断地→constant adj.不变的;恒定的;连续发生的  17.associate vt.与某人交往→association n.协会,联盟,社团;联合  18.barely adv.几乎不→bare adj.空的;裸露的,无遮盖的  19.distracted adj.心神不定的,精神无法集中的→distract vt.转移(注意力);使分心→distraction n.分散注意力的事;消遣  20.reality n.现实;真实→real adj.实际的;真实的→really adv.实际上,事实上;真正地,真实地  21.obsess vt.使迷恋→obsession n.使人痴迷的人(或物);痴迷→obsessive adj.着迷的  22.stimulation n.刺激→stimulate v.鼓励;刺激  23.desperate adj.拼命的;绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地;绝望地;极度地  24.depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的→depression n.沮丧;抑郁症→depressive adj.抑郁的  25.complain vi.& vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚→complaint n.抱怨;疾病  26.appointment n.约定;约会→appoint v.任命;确定(时间、地点)  27.invitation n.邀请→invite v.邀请;请求  28.organise vt.组织,筹划→organisation n.组织;机构;团体→organiser n.组织者  29.competitor n.选手,参赛者→compete v.竞争;参加比赛→competition n.竞争;竞赛 →competitive adj.有竞争力的,(比……)更好的  30.clarity n.清楚,清晰→clarify v.阐明;澄清→clarification n.澄清,阐明  31.fluency n.流畅,熟练→fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的→fluently adv.流利地,流畅地  32.engagement n.参与→engage v.从事→engaged adj.正从事的;已订婚的  33.sincerely adv.真诚地,由衷地→sincere adj.诚挚的,诚实的  34.approval n.赞许;同意→approve vt.批准 vi.赞成  35.motivation n.动力,积极性→motivate vt.激励,激发  重点短语 1.pass away去世,逝世  2.add up to总共是,总计为  3.pour into投入(倒)……于某物  4.a couple of一些,几个;一双,一对  5.set up安排;建立;装配好;开办  6.have/gain access to使用;接近;可以利用  7.associate with与某人交往  8.end up结束  9.on behalf of sb.代表某人  10.be responsible for对……负责  11.take up占据(时间、空间)  12.make fun of取笑……  13.take sth. seriously认真对待某事  14.初次,第一次for the first time　　   15.过去经常,曾经used to 16.使爆炸;出发;动身;引起set off 17.对……过分担心obsess over 18.喋喋不休chatter away 19.在任何时候at any time 20.到目前为止so far 21.适应;(与……)合得来fit in 22.屈服于give in to 23.和……对比in contrast to 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1.我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度! The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to180 degrees!   2.第一天他走进我的课堂时,身后拖着书包,看起来很无聊,但当我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来展示人的胃如何工作时,他就把全部注意力集中在我身上。 The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention.  3.正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说,“教育不是为生活做准备;教育是生活本身。” As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”  4.根据研究,超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”更容易。 According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”.   5.青少年想要被喜欢、融入和被接受,这意味着同龄人的压力可能很强大、很难抗拒。 Teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted, which means peer pressure can be powerful and hard to resist.  6.最重要的是建立自信,这样对同龄人说“no”就更容易。 The most important thing is to build up self-confidence,so that it is easier to say “no” to the peer group.  7.年轻人去思考他们的行为的后果也很重要。 It’s also important for young people to think about the consequences of their actions.   单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 邀请信 写作题目 　　假设你是李华,是学生会主席,你们要举办英语演讲比赛的决赛,话题为“Together for a shared future”,请你写一封信邀请Mr. John做裁判。 要点如下: 1.邀请的理由;2.具体职责;3.表达愿望。 注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 思路点拨 写作积累 关于邀请信的增分佳句 1.开头:说明写信目的 ①How are you recently? As the Spring Festival is approaching, I am wondering if you have any plans.你最近怎么样?春节即将来临,我想知道你是否有了安排。 ②On behalf of our school, I'm writing to sincerely invite you to deliver a speech in our school.我代表我们学校写信诚挚邀请您来我校做一次演讲。 2.主体:情况介绍 ①Aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle, the class meeting is scheduled to be held in our classroom at 3 p.m. on October 10.班会旨在促进健康的生活方式,定于10月10日下午3点在我们的教室举行。 ②A variety of activities will be included in the festival, such as singing, telling stories and performing short plays.这个节日将包括各种各样的活动,如唱歌、讲故事和表演短剧。 3.结尾:表达愿望 ①We are looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.我们很高兴地期待着你的到来。 ②Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.请在方便时尽早确认你的参与。 Dear Mr. John, How are things going recently?On behalf of the school's Students' Union, I am writing to invite you to judge our final competition. The final competition will take place at the library next Friday night. The topic of the final competition is “Together for a shared future”. Competitors have to give a six-minute speech in English which shows their understanding of the given topic. Having listened to all competitors' speeches and had a discussion with other judges, you are responsible for coming to a decision about the final ranking. I do hope you would come. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua Unit 2 重点单词 一．单词背默 1.astronaut n.宇航员  2.career n.职业,事业  3.symbol n.象征,标志  4.vision n.远见卓识  5.contract n.合同;契约  6.ruin vt.毁掉,糟蹋,毁坏  7.skip vt.不做(本来应做的事);蹦跳着走  8.sacrifice n.牺牲  9.hire vt.租用  10.boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾,煮沸  11.apart adj.& adv.分开;散开  12.platform n.舞台;月台  13.outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的  14.average adj.平庸的,普通的 n.平均水平;平均数  15.normal adj.正常的,平常的  16.style n.方式,特点  17.forwards adv.向前  18.collapse vi.突然倒下;倒塌  19.found vt.创立;创建  20.label n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于  21.entrance n.进入许可;入口  22.income n.收入;收益  二．词汇拓展 1.determined adj.坚定的,坚决的→determine v.决心,决定→determination n.决心;果断;坚定  2.optimistic adj.乐观的,乐观主义的→optimist n.乐观主义者→optimism n.乐观;乐观主义  3.committed adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的→commitment n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺→commit v.犯罪,做错事;承诺  4.enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的→enthusiasm n.热情,热忱;热衷的事物  5.ambitious adj.有抱负的,有雄心的→ambition n.抱负,志向,野心  6.appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v.欣赏,感激,理解→appreciation n.欣赏,感激,理解  7.injury n.伤,损害→injured adj.受伤的;(感情)受伤害的→injure v.伤害;损害  8.employee n.雇员→employer n.雇主,老板→employ v.雇用;运用→employment n.工作;职业;雇用  9.comfortably adv.舒服地,舒适地→comfortable adj.舒适的;愉快放松的;宽裕的→comfort n.舒适;安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物 v.安慰  10.ultimate adj.最后的,最终的→ultimately adv.最终  11.professor n.教授→professional adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;内行  12.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地  13.hunger n.饥饿,饥荒→hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的  14.guilty adj.羞愧的,内疚的→guilt n.内疚,悔恨  15.influential adj.有影响力的→influence n.影响;有影响的人或事物 v.影响;支配  16.devote vt.把……奉献给;专心致力于→devoted adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;全心全意的→devotion n.献身,奉献;忠诚;热爱  17.production n.生产;产量→produce v.生产,制造→product n.产品,产物→productive adj.多产的,有效益的  18.reject vt.拒绝接受→rejection n.拒绝接受;嫌弃  19.motivating adj.起激励作用的;激发(人)的→motivate v.激发,激励→motivation n.动机,动力,诱因  20.limit vt.& n.限制,限定→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的  21.convince vt.说服;使确信→convinced adj.坚信的,确信的→convincing adj.令人信服的,有说服力的  22.extreme n.极端 adj.极端的,偏激的;极大的,极度的→extremely adv.极其,极端,非常  23.academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上;学业上→academy n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校  24.defensive adj.戒备的,自卫的→defend v.防御,保卫→defence n.防御,保卫  25.enormous adj.巨大的,庞大的→enormously adv.非常,极其  26.length n.长度→long adj.长的  27.recognised adj.公认的;经过检验的→recognise v.认出;承认;认可→recognition n.识别,认可  28.contribute vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成→contribution n.贡献;捐款→contributor n.贡献者;捐款者  29.retire vi.退休;退职→retired adj.已退休的,已退职的  30.advanced adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的→advance n.发展;前进v.前进;提前  31.reference n.推荐信;谈到,提及→refer vi.查阅;参考;涉及;提到  32.faith n.相信;信任→faithful adj.忠实的,忠诚的;如实的;可信任的→faithfully adv.忠实地;如实地  33.discipline n.自制力vt.惩罚,处罚→disciplined adj.遵守纪律的;训练有素的  34.fashion n.时尚→fashionable adj.流行的  35.designer n.设计师,设计者→design n.设计;构思;设计图样;装饰图案;打算 v.设计,构思;计划;制造,意欲  36.promotion n.提升,晋升→promote vt.促进;提升;推销→promoter n.倡导者;发起者  重点短语 重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.make sense有意义;解释得通　   2.dream up凭空想出,虚构出  3.be tired of厌倦,厌烦  4.die of死于  5.have the chance to do sth.有机会做某事  6.drop out退出,脱离;辍学  7.strive for争取,奋斗  8.in danger of处于……危险之中  9.stay in待在家里  10.take on接受,同……较量  11.participate in参加  12.in the end最后  13.turn one’s back on抛弃,背弃 14.get on发迹;出人头地 15.give away赠送 16.boil down to sth.归结为;要点是 17.get ahead脱颖而出;获得成功 18.apply oneself to sth.努力;专心致志于某事 19.set sb./sth. apart使某人/某物与众不同 20.devote...to致力于  21.come back to回到,返回 22.pay off成功,奏效 重点句型 1.他们花一半时间想出致富和达到他们期望的成功的办法,剩下的时间思考一旦致富会做的所有事情。 They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.   2.当然没有迹象表明詹森是一个富有且成功的人! There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man!   3.我想要的是过简单的生活,帮助别人。 What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.4.詹森说:“这是一种我以前从未感受过的满足感和真正的成功感。”  “It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before,” said Jason.  5.我还是个小女孩时,为了在课业上名列前茅,午餐时间我会待在家里(学习),而不是出去玩。 From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play.  6.这就是失败的重要性所在:如果我们能学会如何管理失败,我们就会学会如何成功。 This is where the importance of failure comes in: If we can learn how to manage failure, we’ll learn how to succeed.   单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 人物介绍 写作题目 　　假如你是高二学生李华,你校下周三将举办一场以“The person I admire most”为主题的演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括: 1.介绍你所敬佩的人的经历;2.你从他/她身上学到了什么。 注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 思路点拨 写作积累 关于人物介绍的增分佳句 1.开头:介绍人物的个人情况 ①He was born into a poor/rich family and lived a hard/happy life.他出生在一个贫穷/富有的家庭,过着艰苦/幸福的生活。 ②He began to make a living at an early age.他很小就开始谋生了。 2.主体:介绍人物的经历和成就 ①He went to study in Peking University in 2004 and graduated 4 years later.他于2004年进入北京大学学习,四年后毕业。 ②He got his bachelor's/master's/doctor's degree in mathematics from...他从……获得了数学学士/硕士/博士学位。 ③He devoted his lifetime to...他把他的一生都奉献给了…… ④He won a prize in...他在……方面获奖了。 ⑤He made great progress in...他在……方面取得了很大的进步。 3.结尾:对人物作出评价 ①He is one of the most outstanding persons.他是最杰出的人物之一。 ②He is regarded/considered as...他被认为是…… ③He has made great contributions to...他为……做出了巨大的贡献。 ④He sets an example to...他为……树立了一个榜样。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! The person I admire most is Helen Keller, one of the most influential women in America in the 20th century. When she was a young child, she became blind and deaf because of a serious disease, leaving her in utter darkness and silence. When she was seven, to get Helen a good education, her parents made many sacrifices and found her a teacher. With Helen's exceptional intelligence and determined effort, combined with her teacher's skill and patience, she made outstanding achievements. She almost devoted her entire life to helping the blind and deaf children. It is her optimistic and enthusiastic attitude towards life that always motivates me and pushes me to strive for my goal. Unit3 重点单词 一．单词背默 1.conservation n.保护  2.destroy vt.破坏;毁掉  3.plastic adj.塑料制的  4.switch vi.& vt.转换,改变  5.species n.物种,种  6.wipe vt.擦;拭  7.decrease n.减少;减少的量 vi.& vt.减少  8.blame vt.责怪,指责  9.affect vt.影响  10.solar adj.太阳光(能)的  11.restore vt.(使)恢复  12.wrap vt.包,裹  13.transportation n.交通运输系统,运输方式  14.swallow vi.& vt.吞下,咽下  15.destruction n.破坏,毁坏  16.stuck adj.卡住的,无法移动的  17.jam n.拥挤,堵塞;果酱  18.decade n.十年,十年期  19.gas n.气,气体  20.cancer n.癌症  21.essay n.论说文;散文  22.billion n.十亿  23.instance n.例子,实例  24.claim vt.声称;断言;主张 n.声称;(根据权力而提出的) 要求  二．词汇拓展 1.mining n.采矿业→mine pron.(I的所有格)我的(东西) n.矿;矿井 vt.& vi.在……中开矿,采矿 →miner n.矿工  2.recycle vi.& vt.再利用,回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的  3.informative adj.有教育意义的;知识性强的→information n.信息,资料→inform v.通知,告知  4.threat n.威胁;(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→threaten vt.威胁;恐吓;预示凶兆→threatening adj.威胁的→threatened adj.受到威胁的  5.illegally adv.非法地,违法地→legally adv.法律上,合法地→legal adj.法律的;合法的 6.hunt vi.& vt.猎取,猎杀→hunter n.猎人→hunting n.打猎;搜寻  7.extinct adj.灭绝的,绝种的→extinction n.灭绝,消亡  8.incredibly adv.非常地,极端地→incredible adj.不能相信的,难以置信的;极好的,极大的  9.urgent adj.紧急的,急迫的→urgently adv.紧急地,急迫地→urgency n.紧迫,紧急之事→urge v.催促,大力推荐 n.强烈的欲望  10.unusual adj.异常的;不平常的→usual adj.通常的;平常的→usually adv.通常地,经常地,一般地→unusually adv.非常;不寻常地  11.varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的→vary v.变化,改变→variety n.不同种类;变化,多样化 →various adj.各种各样的  12.endangered adj.濒危的→endanger v.使遭危险,危及→danger n.危险,风险  13.consumer n.消费者→consume vt.消耗,耗费;吃,喝,饮→consumption n.消费;消耗  14.dirt n.灰尘,尘土→dirty adj.肮脏的,污秽的;卑鄙的  15.realistic adj.现实的,实际的→reality n.现实,实际情况→real adj.真实的,非假冒的 →really adv.事实上,真实地  16.innovative adj.新颖的,创新的,革新的→innovation n.创新,革新;新方法→innovator n.革新者,创新者  17.aware adj.意识到的,明白的→awareness n.意识,认识;知道  18.collection n.收集;收藏品;专辑→collect vt.收集;募捐→collective adj.集体的;共有的  19.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的→anxiously adv.不安地,忧虑地→anxiety n.焦虑;担心,忧虑;渴望  20.reusable adj.可再使用的,可重复使用的→usable adj.可用的,适用的→use v.使用,利用 n.用法,功能  21.annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的→annoy v.使生气,使恼怒→annoyance n.生气,令人烦恼的事  22.anger n.愤怒;怒气→angry adj.生气的;愤怒的→angrily adv.愤怒地  23.relate vi.相联系,有关联→relation n.关系;联系;交往;亲属→related adj.有联系的,相关的  24.regular adj.定期的,有规律的→regularly adv.有规律地  25.suit vt.适合 n.套装→suitable adj.适当;合适的  26.involve vt.包含,需要→involved adj.参与;有关联→involvement n.参与  27.cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n.残酷,虐待  28.chemical n.化学品 adj.化学的→chemist n.药店;药剂师;化学家→chemistry n.化学;物质的化学组成  29.sum vt.概括,总结 n.金额,款项;总数→summary n.总结,概要 adj.总结性的 →summarize/summarise v.总结;概述  30.historic adj.古老的;历史上重要的→history n.历史;历史学  31.agricultural adj.农业的→agriculture n.农业;农艺;农学  重点短语 1.cut down削减;砍倒  2.wipe out彻底毁灭  3.be to blame(对某事)负有责任  4.die out消失;绝迹,灭绝  5.due to由于  6.set out开始做某事,着手进行  7.end up with以……告终  8.take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事  9.get stuck卡住的,无法移动的  10.stressed out焦虑的  11.compared to与……相比  12.be related to与……有关联  13.for instance例如  14.in addition to除……以外(还)  15.sum up概括,总结  16.起某种作用have a role 17.尽自己的职责do one’s part 18.处境危险,受到威胁be at risk 19.废除;结束;去掉do away with 20.闲坐,无所事事地坐着sit around/about 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1.这些包括被称为“大灭绝”的第三次物种大灭绝事件,杀死了90%到96%的物种。 These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% to 96% of all species.  2.虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。 Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally,the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.  3.很明显,人类活动对地球上所有其他物种,包括动物和植物,都产生了负面影响。 It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants.  4.当然,由于我们人类依靠这么多的物种来生存,我们也将面临灭绝的风险。 Of course,as we humans depend on so many species for our survival, we would also be at risk of dying out.  5.今天早上,我花了40分钟去市中心。 This morning, t took me 40 minutes to go downtown.  6.有多少次我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到焦虑、疲惫和愤怒呢? How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out;tired and angry?   7.丽江古城被田野和山水环绕,春夏时节看起来像一块玉砚。 Surrounded by fields;mountains and rivers , the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.  单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 正反观点对比类文章 写作题目 　　随着科学技术的发展,克隆已经成为现实。但人们对是否应该克隆人类有不同的看法。请你根据下面所提供的信息,写一篇英语作文。主要内容包括: 1.赞同克隆人:可用于医疗领域; 2.反对克隆人:用克隆人进行犯罪活动,无法预知克隆人的未来。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.开头已给出,不计入总词数; 3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 In the recent decades, many institutes in the world have put forward that they can make cloning humans realistic. People have different ideas about this.               思路点拨 写作积累 关于正反观点对比类文章的增分佳句 1.开头:引入辩论话题 ①Opinions on the topic are various.关于这个话题的意见各不相同。 ②Recently our class have had a discussion whose topic is whether it is necessary for high school students to do voluntary work.最近我们班进行了一次讨论,主题是高中生是否有必要做义务工作。 2.主体:列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由 ①However, every coin has two sides.然而,任何事物都有两面性。 ②However, 27% of the students are against the idea.然而,27%的学生反对这个想法。 ③Some students support the opinion. Other students oppose the opinion.一些学生支持这个看法。其他学生反对这个看法。 ④They argue that for one thing, teenagers are too young to take up some work.他们辩称,一方面,青少年太年轻,以至于不能从事某些工作。 ⑤For another, students' time is limited with so much homework to do.另一方面,学生的时间是有限的,因为有如此多的家庭作业要做。 ⑥73% of the students support the view for the reason that volunteering to help others can make a contribution to building a harmonious society.73%的学生支持这一观点,因为自愿帮助他人可以为构建和谐社会做出贡献。 3.结尾:表明自己的观点 ①As far as I'm concerned/Personally, I'm in favour of the first/second view.就我个人而言,我赞成第一种/第二种观点。 ②From my point of view, it's beneficial for us to do voluntary work, for we can not only gain valuable experience but also have a better understanding of society.在我看来,做义务工作对我们是有益的,因为我们不仅可以获得宝贵的经验,而且可以更好地了解社会。 In the recent decades, many institutes in the world have put forward that they can make cloning humans realistic. People have different ideas about this.  Many people who are in favour of it believe that it is necessary for scientists to clone humans in the future. We can use it in the field of medicine;we may make some organs to replace the bad ones in patients' bodies. Without these organs, many people would die. But some people who are against it think that people aren't aware of the danger of cloning humans. For instance, the cloned people can be used as a tool to commit crimes. To sum up, people may be at the great risk of cloning humans. In conclusion, despite the usage of cloning in research, cloning humans is bad for the living people. In my opinion, we should try to stop this kind of research. $专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&写作通用表达 Unit 1 重点单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一．动词背默 1. n.幽默感  2. adj.外向的,好交际的  3. vt.主办;做……的东道主 n.主人;主持人  4. vt.灌,注,倒  5. n.燃料  6. vt.缺乏  7. vt.拖,拉  8. vt.处理(难题);应付(局面)  9. adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的 vt.使生气,使心烦意乱 10. vt.提出,提起  11. vt.标出;突出显示  12. n.方式,方法  13. n.流动 vi.流,流动  14. n.百万  15. vi.& vt.主宰,支配,控制  16. n.截止日期,最后期限  17. vi.& vt.努力赢得 n.追逐,追赶  18. vi.& vt.推迟,延期  19. vi.& vt.弯腰;俯身  20. adj.无礼的  21. n.代表……  22. n.话题,题目  23. vi.应在(某处);适应  24. vi.& vt.保护,保卫  25. n.原则;行为准则  26. n.政治,政治活动  27. n.差异,差别 vt.形成对比  二．词汇拓展 1.passionate adj.热爱的,酷爱的;具有强烈信念的→ n.激情;酷爱  2.occasionally adv.偶尔;偶然→ adj.偶然的→ n.时机,机会;场合  3.emotional adj.激起感情的;情感上的→ n.情感;情绪→ adv.感情上;情绪上  4.extremely adv.极度,极其→ adj.极端的;极度的 n.极端 5.grateful adj.感激的,感谢的→ adv.感激地;感谢地→gratitude n.感激之情;感谢  6.practical adj.实际的;实践的;切实可行的→ adv.实际地;几乎→ n.实践;练习;惯例 v.练习;实习  7.behaviour n.行为,举止→ v.表现;表现得体  8.access n.进入;接触的机会→ adj.易接近的;可进入的;容易理解的  9.worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的→ adj.值……钱 n.价值→ adj.值得……的;有价值的  10.preference n.偏爱,偏好→ vt.更喜欢  11.ashamed adj.羞愧的;内疚的;惭愧的→ n.羞耻,羞愧;憾事vt.使丢脸,使羞愧 → adj.可耻的;丢脸的  12.intention n.意图,目的;打算→ v.打算;想要;意指→ adj.有意的,打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的  13.demanding adj.要求严格的;费力的→ v.强烈要求,需要 n.要求  14.effective adj.有效的→ n.影响;效果v.使发生,引起  15.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的→ n.感觉官能;观念;理智vt.感觉到;检测出 → adj.明智的;合理的  16.constantly adv.持续不断地→ adj.不变的;恒定的;连续发生的  17.associate vt.与某人交往→ n.协会,联盟,社团;联合  18.barely adv.几乎不→ adj.空的;裸露的,无遮盖的  19.distracted adj.心神不定的,精神无法集中的→ vt.转移(注意力);使分心→ n.分散注意力的事;消遣  20.reality n.现实;真实→ adj.实际的;真实的→ adv.实际上,事实上;真正地,真实地  21.obsess vt.使迷恋→ n.使人痴迷的人(或物);痴迷→ adj.着迷的  22.stimulation n.刺激→ v.鼓励;刺激  23.desperate adj.拼命的;绝望的→ adv.拼命地;绝望地;极度地  24.depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的→ n.沮丧;抑郁症→ adj.抑郁的  25.complain vi.& vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚→ n.抱怨;疾病  26.appointment n.约定;约会→ v.任命;确定(时间、地点)  27.invitation n.邀请→invite v.邀请;请求  28.organise vt.组织,筹划→ n.组织;机构;团体→ n.组织者  29.competitor n.选手,参赛者→ v.竞争;参加比赛→ n.竞争;竞赛 → adj.有竞争力的,(比……)更好的  30.clarity n.清楚,清晰→ v.阐明;澄清→ n.澄清,阐明  31.fluency n.流畅,熟练→ adj.(尤指外语)流利的→ adv.流利地,流畅地  32.engagement n.参与→ v.从事→ adj.正从事的;已订婚的  33.sincerely adv.真诚地,由衷地→ adj.诚挚的,诚实的  34.approval n.赞许;同意→ vt.批准 vi.赞成  35.motivation n.动力,积极性→ vt.激励,激发  重点短语 1.pass 去世,逝世  2. up to总共是,总计为  3. into投入(倒)……于某物  4.a of一些,几个;一双,一对  5. up安排;建立;装配好;开办  6.have/gain to使用;接近;可以利用  7. with与某人交往  8. up结束  9.on of sb.代表某人  10.be for对……负责  11. up占据(时间、空间)  12. fun of取笑……  13.take sth. 认真对待某事  14.初次,第一次 the first time　　   15.过去经常,曾经 to 16.使爆炸;出发;动身;引起 off 17.对……过分担心 over 18.喋喋不休 away 19.在任何时候 any time 20.到目前为止so 21.适应;(与……)合得来 in 22.屈服于 in to 23.和……对比in to 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1.我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度! The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle 180 degrees!   2.第一天他走进我的课堂时,身后拖着书包,看起来很无聊,但当我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来展示人的胃如何工作时,他就把全部注意力集中在我身上。 , he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention.  3.正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说,“教育不是为生活做准备;教育是生活本身。” John Dewey, , , “Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”  4.根据研究,超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”更容易。 According to research, over two-thirds of young people than it is “in real life”.   5.青少年想要被喜欢、融入和被接受,这意味着同龄人的压力可能很强大、很难抗拒。 Teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted, which means peer pressure can .  6.最重要的是建立自信,这样对同龄人说“no”就更容易。 The most important thing is to build up self-confidence, to the peer group.  7.年轻人去思考他们的行为的后果也很重要。 the consequences of their actions.   单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 邀请信 写作题目 　　假设你是李华,是学生会主席,你们要举办英语演讲比赛的决赛,话题为“Together for a shared future”,请你写一封信邀请Mr. John做裁判。 要点如下: 1.邀请的理由;2.具体职责;3.表达愿望。 注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 思路点拨 写作积累 关于邀请信的增分佳句 1.开头:说明写信目的 ①How are you recently? As the Spring Festival is approaching, I am wondering if you have any plans.你最近怎么样?春节即将来临,我想知道你是否有了安排。 ②On behalf of our school, I'm writing to sincerely invite you to deliver a speech in our school.我代表我们学校写信诚挚邀请您来我校做一次演讲。 2.主体:情况介绍 ①Aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle, the class meeting is scheduled to be held in our classroom at 3 p.m. on October 10.班会旨在促进健康的生活方式,定于10月10日下午3点在我们的教室举行。 ②A variety of activities will be included in the festival, such as singing, telling stories and performing short plays.这个节日将包括各种各样的活动,如唱歌、讲故事和表演短剧。 3.结尾:表达愿望 ①We are looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.我们很高兴地期待着你的到来。 ②Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.请在方便时尽早确认你的参与。 Dear Mr. John, Yours, Li Hua Unit 2 重点单词 一．单词背默 1. n.宇航员  2. n.职业,事业  3. n.象征,标志  4. n.远见卓识  5. n.合同;契约  6. vt.毁掉,糟蹋,毁坏  7. vt.不做(本来应做的事);蹦跳着走  8. n.牺牲  9. vt.租用  10. vi.& vt.(使)沸腾,煮沸  11. adj.& adv.分开;散开  12. n.舞台;月台  13. adj.杰出的,优秀的  14. adj.平庸的,普通的 n.平均水平;平均数  15. adj.正常的,平常的  16. n.方式,特点  17. adv.向前  18. vi.突然倒下;倒塌  19. vt.创立;创建  20. n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于  21. n.进入许可;入口  22. n.收入;收益  二．词汇拓展 1.determined adj.坚定的,坚决的→ v.决心,决定→ n.决心;果断;坚定  2.optimistic adj.乐观的,乐观主义的→ n.乐观主义者→ n.乐观;乐观主义  3.committed adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的→ n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺→ v.犯罪,做错事;承诺  4.enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的→ n.热情,热忱;热衷的事物  5.ambitious adj.有抱负的,有雄心的→ n.抱负,志向,野心  6.appreciative adj.感激的→ v.欣赏,感激,理解→ n.欣赏,感激,理解  7.injury n.伤,损害→ adj.受伤的;(感情)受伤害的→ v.伤害;损害  8.employee n.雇员→ n.雇主,老板→ v.雇用;运用→ n.工作;职业;雇用  9.comfortably adv.舒服地,舒适地→ adj.舒适的;愉快放松的;宽裕的→ n.舒适;安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物 v.安慰  10.ultimate adj.最后的,最终的→ adv.最终  11.professor n.教授→ adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;内行  12.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款→ adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→ adv.不幸地  13.hunger n.饥饿,饥荒→ adj.饥饿的;渴望的  14.guilty adj.羞愧的,内疚的→ n.内疚,悔恨  15.influential adj.有影响力的→ n.影响;有影响的人或事物 v.影响;支配  16.devote vt.把……奉献给;专心致力于→ adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;全心全意的→ n.献身,奉献;忠诚;热爱  17.production n.生产;产量→ v.生产,制造→ n.产品,产物→ adj.多产的,有效益的  18.reject vt.拒绝接受→ n.拒绝接受;嫌弃  19.motivating adj.起激励作用的;激发(人)的→ v.激发,激励→ n.动机,动力,诱因  20.limit vt.& n.限制,限定→ adj.有限的→ adj.无限的  21.convince vt.说服;使确信→ adj.坚信的,确信的→ adj.令人信服的,有说服力的  22.extreme n.极端 adj.极端的,偏激的;极大的,极度的→ adv.极其,极端,非常  23.academic adj.学术的→ adv.学术上;学业上→ n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校  24.defensive adj.戒备的,自卫的→ v.防御,保卫→ n.防御,保卫  25.enormous adj.巨大的,庞大的→ adv.非常,极其  26.length n.长度→ adj.长的  27.recognised adj.公认的;经过检验的→ v.认出;承认;认可→ n.识别,认可  28.contribute vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成→ n.贡献;捐款→ n.贡献者;捐款者  29.retire vi.退休;退职→ adj.已退休的,已退职的  30.advanced adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的→ n.发展;前进v.前进;提前  31.reference n.推荐信;谈到,提及→ vi.查阅;参考;涉及;提到  32.faith n.相信;信任→ adj.忠实的,忠诚的;如实的;可信任的→ adv.忠实地;如实地  33.discipline n.自制力vt.惩罚,处罚→ adj.遵守纪律的;训练有素的  34.fashion n.时尚→ adj.流行的  35.designer n.设计师,设计者→ n.设计;构思;设计图样;装饰图案;打算 v.设计,构思;计划;制造,意欲  36.promotion n.提升,晋升→ vt.促进;提升;推销→ n.倡导者;发起者  重点短语 重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.make 有意义;解释得通　   2. up凭空想出,虚构出  3.be of厌倦,厌烦  4. of死于  5.have the to do sth.有机会做某事  6. out退出,脱离;辍学  7. for争取,奋斗  8.in of处于……危险之中  9. in待在家里  10. on接受,同……较量  11. in参加  12.in the 最后  13. one’s back on抛弃,背弃 14. on发迹;出人头地 15.give 赠送 16. down to sth.归结为;要点是 17.get 脱颖而出;获得成功 18. oneself to sth.努力;专心致志于某事 19.set sb./sth. 使某人/某物与众不同 20. ...to致力于  21.come to回到,返回 22. off成功,奏效 重点句型 1.他们花一半时间想出致富和达到他们期望的成功的办法,剩下的时间思考一旦致富会做的所有事情。 They ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.   2.当然没有迹象表明詹森是一个富有且成功的人! There are certainly no signs that Jason !   3.我想要的是过简单的生活,帮助别人。 is to live simply and be helpful to others.4.詹森说:“这是一种我以前从未感受过的满足感和真正的成功感。”  “It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success ,” said Jason.  5.我还是个小女孩时,为了在课业上名列前茅,午餐时间我会待在家里(学习),而不是出去玩。 From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work .  6.这就是失败的重要性所在:如果我们能学会如何管理失败,我们就会学会如何成功。 This is where the importance of failure comes in: If we can learn , we’ll learn how to succeed.   单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 人物介绍 写作题目 　　假如你是高二学生李华,你校下周三将举办一场以“The person I admire most”为主题的演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括: 1.介绍你所敬佩的人的经历;2.你从他/她身上学到了什么。 注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 思路点拨 写作积累 关于人物介绍的增分佳句 1.开头:介绍人物的个人情况 ①He was born into a poor/rich family and lived a hard/happy life.他出生在一个贫穷/富有的家庭,过着艰苦/幸福的生活。 ②He began to make a living at an early age.他很小就开始谋生了。 2.主体:介绍人物的经历和成就 ①He went to study in Peking University in 2004 and graduated 4 years later.他于2004年进入北京大学学习,四年后毕业。 ②He got his bachelor's/master's/doctor's degree in mathematics from...他从……获得了数学学士/硕士/博士学位。 ③He devoted his lifetime to...他把他的一生都奉献给了…… ④He won a prize in...他在……方面获奖了。 ⑤He made great progress in...他在……方面取得了很大的进步。 3.结尾:对人物作出评价 ①He is one of the most outstanding persons.他是最杰出的人物之一。 ②He is regarded/considered as...他被认为是…… ③He has made great contributions to...他为……做出了巨大的贡献。 ④He sets an example to...他为……树立了一个榜样。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Unit3 重点单词 一．单词背默 1. n.保护  2. vt.破坏;毁掉  3. adj.塑料制的  4. vi.& vt.转换,改变  5. n.物种,种  6. vt.擦;拭  7. n.减少;减少的量 vi.& vt.减少  8. vt.责怪,指责  9. vt.影响  10. adj.太阳光(能)的  11. vt.(使)恢复  12. vt.包,裹  13. n.交通运输系统,运输方式  14. vi.& vt.吞下,咽下  15. n.破坏,毁坏  16. adj.卡住的,无法移动的  17. n.拥挤,堵塞;果酱  18. n.十年,十年期  19. n.气,气体  20. n.癌症  21. n.论说文;散文  22. n.十亿  23. n.例子,实例  24. vt.声称;断言;主张 n.声称;(根据权力而提出的) 要求  二．词汇拓展 1.mining n.采矿业→ pron.(I的所有格)我的(东西) n.矿;矿井 vt.& vi.在……中开矿,采矿 → n.矿工  2.recycle vi.& vt.再利用,回收利用→ adj.可回收利用的→ adj.不可回收的  3.informative adj.有教育意义的;知识性强的→ n.信息,资料→ v.通知,告知  4.threat n.威胁;(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→ vt.威胁;恐吓;预示凶兆→ adj.威胁的→ adj.受到威胁的  5.illegally adv.非法地,违法地→ adv.法律上,合法地→ adj.法律的;合法的 6.hunt vi.& vt.猎取,猎杀→ n.猎人→ n.打猎;搜寻  7.extinct adj.灭绝的,绝种的→ n.灭绝,消亡  8.incredibly adv.非常地,极端地→ adj.不能相信的,难以置信的;极好的,极大的  9.urgent adj.紧急的,急迫的→ adv.紧急地,急迫地→ n.紧迫,紧急之事 → v.催促,大力推荐 n.强烈的欲望  10.unusual adj.异常的;不平常的→ adj.通常的;平常的→ adv.通常地,经常地,一般地→ adv.非常;不寻常地  11.varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的→ v.变化,改变→ n.不同种类;变化,多样化 → adj.各种各样的  12.endangered adj.濒危的→ v.使遭危险,危及→ n.危险,风险  13.consumer n.消费者→ vt.消耗,耗费;吃,喝,饮→ n.消费;消耗  14.dirt n.灰尘,尘土→ adj.肮脏的,污秽的;卑鄙的  15.realistic adj.现实的,实际的→ n.现实,实际情况→ adj.真实的,非假冒的 → adv.事实上,真实地  16.innovative adj.新颖的,创新的,革新的→ n.创新,革新;新方法→ n.革新者,创新者  17.aware adj.意识到的,明白的→ n.意识,认识;知道  18.collection n.收集;收藏品;专辑→ vt.收集;募捐→ adj.集体的;共有的  19.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的→ adv.不安地,忧虑地→ n.焦虑;担心,忧虑;渴望  20.reusable adj.可再使用的,可重复使用的→ adj.可用的,适用的→ v.使用,利用 n.用法,功能  21.annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的→ v.使生气,使恼怒→ n.生气,令人烦恼的事  22.anger n.愤怒;怒气→ adj.生气的;愤怒的→ adv.愤怒地  23.relate vi.相联系,有关联→ n.关系;联系;交往;亲属→ adj.有联系的,相关的  24.regular adj.定期的,有规律的→ adv.有规律地  25.suit vt.适合 n.套装→ adj.适当;合适的  26.involve vt.包含,需要→ adj.参与;有关联→ n.参与  27.cruel adj.残忍的→ n.残酷,虐待  28.chemical n.化学品 adj.化学的→ n.药店;药剂师;化学家→ n.化学;物质的化学组成  29.sum vt.概括,总结 n.金额,款项;总数→ n.总结,概要 adj.总结性的 → v.总结;概述  30.historic adj.古老的;历史上重要的→ n.历史;历史学  31.agricultural adj.农业的→ n.农业;农艺;农学  重点短语 1.cut 削减;砍倒  2. out彻底毁灭  3.be to (对某事)负有责任  4. out消失;绝迹,灭绝  5. to由于  6. out开始做某事,着手进行  7. up with以……告终  8.take to do sth.采取措施做某事  9.get 卡住的,无法移动的  10. out焦虑的  11. to与……相比  12.be to与……有关联  13.for 例如  14.in to除……以外(还)  15. up概括,总结  16.起某种作用have a 17.尽自己的职责do one’s 18.处境危险,受到威胁be at 19.废除;结束;去掉do with 20.闲坐,无所事事地坐着sit 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1.这些包括被称为“大灭绝”的第三次物种大灭绝事件,杀死了90%到96%的物种。 These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, .  2.虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。 Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, this is now happening is cause for concern.  3.很明显,人类活动对地球上所有其他物种,包括动物和植物,都产生了负面影响。 human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants.  4.当然,由于我们人类依靠这么多的物种来生存,我们也将面临灭绝的风险。 Of course, for our survival, we would also be at risk of dying out.  5.今天早上,我花了40分钟去市中心。 This morning, downtown.  6.有多少次我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到焦虑、疲惫和愤怒呢? How often do we arrive at work or school, ?   7.丽江古城被田野和山水环绕,春夏时节看起来像一块玉砚。 , the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.  单元写作通用表达&范文背诵 正反观点对比类文章 写作题目 　　随着科学技术的发展,克隆已经成为现实。但人们对是否应该克隆人类有不同的看法。请你根据下面所提供的信息,写一篇英语作文。主要内容包括: 1.赞同克隆人:可用于医疗领域; 2.反对克隆人:用克隆人进行犯罪活动,无法预知克隆人的未来。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.开头已给出,不计入总词数; 3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 思路点拨 写作积累 关于正反观点对比类文章的增分佳句 1.开头:引入辩论话题 ①Opinions on the topic are various.关于这个话题的意见各不相同。 ②Recently our class have had a discussion whose topic is whether it is necessary for high school students to do voluntary work.最近我们班进行了一次讨论,主题是高中生是否有必要做义务工作。 2.主体:列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由 ①However, every coin has two sides.然而,任何事物都有两面性。 ②However, 27% of the students are against the idea.然而,27%的学生反对这个想法。 ③Some students support the opinion. Other students oppose the opinion.一些学生支持这个看法。其他学生反对这个看法。 ④They argue that for one thing, teenagers are too young to take up some work.他们辩称,一方面,青少年太年轻,以至于不能从事某些工作。 ⑤For another, students' time is limited with so much homework to do.另一方面,学生的时间是有限的,因为有如此多的家庭作业要做。 ⑥73% of the students support the view for the reason that volunteering to help others can make a contribution to building a harmonious society.73%的学生支持这一观点,因为自愿帮助他人可以为构建和谐社会做出贡献。 3.结尾:表明自己的观点 ①As far as I'm concerned/Personally, I'm in favour of the first/second view.就我个人而言,我赞成第一种/第二种观点。 ②From my point of view, it's beneficial for us to do voluntary work, for we can not only gain valuable experience but also have a better understanding of society.在我看来,做义务工作对我们是有益的,因为我们不仅可以获得宝贵的经验,而且可以更好地了解社会。 In the recent decades, many institutes in the world have put forward that they can make cloning humans realistic. People have different ideas about this.               $