Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

语言 必记 单词 landscape，wander，gallery，decade，mostly，pond，neighbourhood，strike，liberation，dominate，employ，brushwork，realistic，essence，vivid，vision，display，worthy，bathe，wage，campaign，architecture，toast，arrange，insight，sail，civilian，butcher，apparent，precise，ambitious，enormous，clothing，overall，critic，inspection，expose，political，decline，soldier，crisis，overthrow，emperor，outstanding，rare 能力 重点 短语 lay eyes on，as opposed to，be worthy of，consist of，all walks of life，go about sth，an amount of，thanks to，expose to，belong to，be in decline，be down to，be regarded as，in one's own right，be on exhibition，speak volumes about 经典 句型 1.It is＋形容词＋that... 2.It is/was＋被强调部分＋that...的强调句 3.It is＋形容词＋to do... 4.not only...but also... 5.such置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装 核心 语法 动词­ing形式和动词­ed形式作表语 话题 写作 写一份操作指南 文化意识 了解绘画历史和中西方绘画艺术的差异；学会品鉴优秀的经典画作；探究中国绘画艺术作品的内涵及其背后博大精深的传统文化。 思维品质 培养独立思考的能力；提升品鉴文化的审美能力和核心素养。 学习能力 熟练运用本单元的词汇及语言；根据本单元内容调整学习策略；培养用英语进行思维和交际的能力。 《蒙娜·丽莎》，你到底是谁，你的表情是喜还是悲？看那丝神秘的微笑，既有欣喜，又有悲伤；既有惆怅，又有希望。那丰富复杂的感情、那变幻莫测的心境跃然纸上，给人无穷的回味和联想！ Are you smiling better than Mona Lisa? Da Vinci is widely considered to be one of the greatest painters of all times and perhaps the most talented person ever to have lived.He was born on April 15,1452 near the town of Vinci.In about 1483，he moved to Milan to work as an engineer，sculptor，painter and architect.Da Vinci remained in Milan until the city was invaded by the French in 1499.He may have visited Venice before returning to Florence.During his time in Florence，he painted several portraits，but the only one that survives is the famous Mona Lisa. The Mona Lisa was one of Leonardo's favourite paintings，and he carried it with him until he died.Today，it is regarded as the most famous painting in the world，and is visited by many thousands of people every year. The painting，a half­length portrait，depicts a woman with an expression often described as mysterious.Who is this familiar figure? Many suggestions have been made，but the most likely one is Lisa Gherardini，the wife of a Florentine silk merchant. Another more unlikely—but popular—theory is that the painting was a self­portrait.There are certainly similarities between the facial features of the Mona Lisa and of the artist's self­portrait painted many years later.Could this be why Leonardo gave the subject such a mysterious smile? Leonardo used a technique to leave the corners of the eyes and the mouth in shadow.It is this technique that makes the Mona Lisa's expression ambiguous.Today，the Mona Lisa looks rather somber，in dull shades of brown and yellow.This is due to a layer of varnish covering the paint，which has yellowed over the years.It is possible that the painting was once brighter and more colourful than it is now. [词汇积累] sculptor n．雕刻家　　　　　　　　 portrait n．肖像；画像　　　　　　　　　　 depict vt.描写；描绘 ambiguous adj.不明确的 somber/sombre adj.暗淡的；昏暗的 varnish n．清漆 根据短文回答问题 1．How long did Da Vinci live in Milan? He lived in Milan for 16 years. 2．Where was Mona Lisa painted? It was painted in Florence. Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．landscape n．乡村风景画；风景，景色 2．wander vi.&vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 3．gallery n．展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席 4．decade n．十年，十年期 5．mostly adv.主要地，一般地 6．pond n．池塘，水池 7．neighbourhood/neighborhood n．街区，城区；邻近的地方 8．strike vt.&vi.突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打 9．display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 n．陈列，展览；表现；展示 10．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 拓展词汇 11．liberation n．解放，摆脱→liberate v．解放(城市、国家等)→liberator n．解放者→liberated adj.思想解放的，开放的 12．opposed adj.截然不同的，强烈反对的→oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposite n．相反的人或事物adj.相反的；对立的 13．dominate vt.&vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→dominating adj.个性强势的，左右他人的→domination n．控制；统治→dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 14．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主；老板→employee n．雇员→employment n．使用；职业；雇用→unemployment n．失业；失业率 15．realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的→realism n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者→reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→real adj.真的，真正的；真实的→really adv.事实上，真正地；非常，极其→realize vt.认识到；实现 16．essence n．本质，精髓；香精，精油→essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的→essentially adv.本质上，根本上 17．vivid adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的→vividly adv.生动地 18．vision n．远见卓识；视力，视野；想象→visible adj.看得见的；可见的→invisible adj.看不见的；未意识到的；无形的 →visibility n．能见度；可见性；关注程度 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．belong to属于；为……的一员 2．look forward to盼望；期待 3．in a unique way以独特的方式 4．along with与……一起 5．be opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于 6．worthy of值得……的 7．have a lasting influence on对……产生持久的影响 8．take up开始从事；占用；占据；接受；拿起 9．be impressed by/at/with对……印象深刻 10．result in导致；造成 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Housed in an old railway building，this world­famous art museum features some of the best­known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century. 这座举世闻名的艺术博物馆坐设于一座古老的铁路建筑中，重点展出十九世纪印象派运动中最著名的一些画作。 2．As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery，I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players. 当我漫步于印象派画廊时，我欣赏了《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》等杰作。 3．Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 尽管我在电脑屏幕上对它们赞不绝口，但当我最终看到真实的东西时，我却无法想象自己的惊奇。 4．It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人惊奇的是，莫奈每次研究这个简单的场景，都会以一种独特的方式将池塘的美丽带到画布上。 5．Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings. 虽然这些画的背景非常不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆很久之后，它们的相似之处一直伴随着我——从印象派画家的画作中可以看出它们的相似之处。 Ⅰ.Read the text and answer the following question. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? To describe an experience of visiting an art museum and state personal opinions about Impressionism and some Impressionist painters. Ⅱ.Scan the text and match the general idea of each part. A．I visited the world­famous art museum—the Musée d'Orsay. B．There are similarities throughout the Impressionists' paintings and their vision has a lasting influence on later artists. C．In the Impressionist gallery，I appr­ eciated masterpieces especially of Claude Monet and Pierre­Auguste Renoir. 1．Part 1(Para.1) 2．Part 2 (Paras.2－4) 3．Part 3 (Paras.5－6) 答案　1～3　ACB Ⅲ.Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．Which statement is TRUE according to the text? A．The Musée d'Orsay is a world­famous art museum because it's housed in an old railway building. B．The Impressionist movement took place in the 19th century. C．Monet's Blue Water Lilies impressed the author with its small areas of light. D．Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in a scene such as colours and light. 2．Which of the following is Renoir's masterpiece? A．The Ballet Class. B．The Card Players. C．Blue Water Lilies. D．Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette. 3．How many artists are mentioned in the passage? A．One.　　　　　　　 B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 4．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．A travel journal. B．A science report. C．A diary. D．A notice board. 答案　1～4　BDDA Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks according to the text. 1．Housed(house) in an old railway building, the Musée d'Orsay features some of the best­known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.Claude Monet and Pierre­Auguste Renoir 2.whose works are on display in the museum were two of the 3.greatest (great) Impressionist painters.Monet was greatly inspired by nature.In the last three 4.decades(decade) of his life he painted 5.mostly(most) scenes from his garden.Renoir preferred 6.to paint(paint) scenes of everyday life.Monet and Renoir along 7.with other like­minded artists sought 8.liberation(liberate) from the rules of the old style.Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in 9.a scene.Their vision 10.inspired(inspire) a whole new generation of Post­Impressionist painters.Impressionism also has had a lasting influence on modern art. [核心词汇·练透] belong to属于；为……的一员 (1)belong 还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，如in，on，among，under，with等，表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适/有用”。 (2)belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产 [经典佳句]　This chair belongs in the living room. 这把椅子适合放在起居室里。 After getting off，please check whether your belongings are left on the drifting boat. 下船后，请大家检查一下自己的物品是否落在了漂流艇上。 [佳句背诵] As is known to us，China is a country belonging to developing countries.众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。 [名师点津] (1)belong to不用于进行时态，也没有被动形式，作后置定语时，常用现在分词。 (2)belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词宾格，不接名词性物主代词(如mine，yours，his，hers等)。作后置定语时常用现在分词形式。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Their most valuable belongings(belong) were locked in a safe in the bedroom. ②In my opinion，you'd better put the book where/to which it belongs. ③Since those are two different tasks，they belong in two different files. ④The house belonging(belong) to my grandfather was sold yesterday. ⑤There are so many toys on the table；they belong to me(I). look forward to盼望；期待 look ahead (to sth)　展望未来；为将来设想 look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 look up 抬头看；查阅 look up to 尊敬；仰视 look into 调查；观察；窥视 look back on/at 回顾 look out (for...) 注意；留意；留神(……) look through 浏览；仔细查看 [经典佳句]　With a heavy work load，almost all teenagers look forward to having happy holidays from school. 由于学业负担重，几乎所有的青少年都盼望走出学校去度过快乐的假期。 Therefore，there is no reason for us to look down upon/on ordinary jobs. 因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。 [佳句背诵] He wants us to keep dreaming，because life is much better when we dream and have something to look forward to. 他希望我们保持梦想，因为当我们有梦想并有所期待时，生活就会变得更好。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He happened to be looking through the medical book Gray's Anatomy at the time. ②You're a popular girl，Grace，and a lot of the younger ones look up to you. ③The children are looking forward to receiving(receive) lucky money，playing happily with each other，and setting off fireworks excitedly. 完成句子 ④当新年到来时，该是我们回顾过去、展望未来的时候了。 It is time for us to look back on the past and look ahead to the future when the new year comes. wander vi.&vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 (1)wander about/around　闲逛 wander off 离开；偏离 wander along 沿着……徘徊 (2)wander n. 游荡，闲逛；流浪 [经典佳句]　Intelligent people do not wander about looking for trouble in the evening. 聪明的人不会在夜里四处乱逛，自找麻烦。 You will get lost if you wander off alone. 如果你一个人走开你会迷路。 [佳句背诵] We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai. 我们将在传统的小城镇漫步，并在上海的一个特殊博物馆结束我们的旅行。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He was wandering along the street for about an hour. ②She was found several hours later，wandering(wander) the streets，lost. ③They help to discourage the sea birds from wandering(wander) onto the highway. 完成句子 ④我们迷了路，我确信我们又兜回了原处。我们从那棵老枯树那儿出发而(现在)又回到了原地。 We've lost our way and I am sure we are wandering in a circle.We started from that old dead tree there and have come back to it. strike vt.&vi.(struck，struck) 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴)n.罢工；袭击；击，打 (1)sth strikes sb　某人突然想出…… It strikes sb that/to do... 某人想到…… strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 strike sb in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位 (2)be struck by... 被……打动；迷恋…… (3)striking adj. 引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的 [经典佳句]　The death of her father struck sadness into her heart. 她父亲的离世给她带来刻骨铭心的悲伤。 It suddenly struck me that there was no one at home. 我突然想起家中没人。 [佳句背诵] Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 [形象记忆] [即学活用] 写出下列句中strike的词性和含义 ①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck.v.袭击 ②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.v.打动；给……以印象 ③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.v.(钟)敲 ④I was just about to pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet on the airplane.v.突然想起 ⑤The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.n.罢工 opposed adj.截然不同的，强烈反对的 (1)oppose (doing) sth　反对(做)某事 (2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 be opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于 be opposed to (one's) doing sth 反对(某人)做某事 (3)opposite n. 相反的人或事物 adj. 相反的；对立的 [经典佳句]　With a lot of people opposing the new proposal，the government postponed it. 因为很多人的反对，政府延迟了这项新提案。 The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone. 父母极力反对女儿单独去那儿。 [佳句背诵] Good habits always lead to high efficiency，while bad ones bring the opposite. 良好的习惯总是产生较高的效率，而坏的习惯则相反。 [名师点津] oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动名词形式。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Many old men oppose cutting(cut) down the 100­year­old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. ②We are strongly opposed(oppose) to racial prejudice. ③She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad. ④Nowadays，parents tend to offer considerate praise to their children，hoping to boost their confidence，but it may produce the opposite(oppose) effect. dominate vt.&vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视 (1)be dominated by　被……支配 (2)dominant adj. 显性的；占优势的；占支配地位的 domination n. 控制；支配 [经典佳句]　Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. 食物网或许被一些很弱的联系支配着，因为这种安排在长期之内更稳定。 Two thirds of the world's population speak dominant languages like Chinese and English. 世界人口的三分之二说中文和英语这样的支配性语言。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①If this trend continues，the world of the future could be dominated(dominate) by fewer languages. ②Apparently，oil was the most dominant(dominate) source from which the energy was produced. ③England's domination(dominate) over Wales，Scotland and Ireland introduced the English language to these regions. 完成句子 ④阻止这些有害习惯支配青少年的生活是很必要的。 To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential. employ vt.运用，使用；雇用 (1)employ sb as...　雇用某人担任…… employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事 (2)employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员 employment n. 职业，工作；使用 [经典佳句]　If I am lucky enough to be employed，I will spare no effort to repay you for your trust. 如果我有幸被雇用，我将用最大的努力来回报您的信任。 In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. 另一项研究显示，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He has been employed in writing a new book these days. ②For the past ten years I have been employed as an English teacher in this middle school. ③Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment(employ)． ④Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees(employ) working overtime. realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 (1)realism n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风 (2)realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者 (3)reality n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历 in reality 事实上，实际上 (4)real adj. 真实的 really adv. 实际上，真正地 realize vt. 认识到；实现 [经典佳句]　He looked very confident and calm during the test，but in reality he was extremely nervous. 考试时他看上去自信且冷静，事实上他非常紧张。 In conclusion，people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage. 总之，全世界的人们应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。 [佳句背诵] He realized that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the heat. 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们(动物)免受高温的伤害。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①In reality (real)，sea level varies according to the irregular interior of the planet. ②She really(real) got into a panic when she thought she'd lost her necklace. 完成句子 ③而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。 On the other hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现n.陈列，展览；表现；展示 (1)display one's talent　　展示才能 (2)(be) on display＝(be) on show 在展出，展览 a display of fireworks 烟火表演 [经典佳句]　Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. 最明显的是，那些不吃早餐的人在锻炼开始时的血糖水平比吃早餐时要低。 The necklace on display/show behind the glass is beyond price. 在玻璃后陈列的项链是价值连城的。 [佳句背诵] My English teacher told me that it was a good chance to display my talent. 英语老师告诉我这是一个展示我才能的好机会。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Often，only a small part of a museum's collection is on display. ②It's also a better display of our school culture. 翻译句子 ③表现出来的音乐天赋让人印象极为深刻。 The musical talent on display is extremely impressive. worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 (1)be worthy (2)worth prep.　值得的；相当于……的价值 n. 价值；作用 adj. [古]值钱的 be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得做 (3)worthwhile adj. 重要的，值得做的 It is worthwhile to do/doing sth 值得做某事 [经典佳句]　As far as I am concerned，his suggestion is worthy to be considered/of being considered. ＝As far as I am concerned，his suggestion is worth considering. ＝As far as I am concerned，it is worthwhile considering/to consider his suggestion. 在我看来他的建议值得考虑。 Melissa，his daughter，felt it more than worthwhile to save his music，to which she fell asleep each night when she was young. 他的女儿梅丽莎觉得挽救他的音乐是非常值得的，因为她小时候每天晚上都是伴着音乐入睡的。 [佳句背诵] The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 好消息是，很容易学习而且值得努力。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Don't you think that's a good sort of software worthy of being downloaded(download) to help with your English? ②—What do you think of the book? —Oh，excellent.It is worth reading(read) a second time. ③I don't think it is worthwhile to take/taking(take) the trouble to explain the question to him. 选词填空：worth，worthy，worthwhile ④The research is worth the time and effort that we have devoted to it. ⑤I think it worthwhile to read the book. ⑥His behaviour is worthy of great praise.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [重点句型·通关] (教材P30)Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 尽管我在电脑屏幕上对它们赞不绝口，但当我最终看到真实的东西时，我却无法想象自己的惊奇。 even though相当于even if，意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 引导让步状语从句的连词小结： (1)although，though，as，even though，even if等引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。 (2)while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管；虽然”。 (3)whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论……都”。 (4)whatever，whoever，however，whenever，wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样……”。 Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups，they make very different music. 尽管所有的音乐团体都有共同的精神，但他们演奏的音乐却大不相同。 While I understand what you said，I can't agree with you.虽然我理解你说过的话，但我还是不同意。 [佳句背诵] —Why do people like pop music？I hate it so much. —Even though it is not your style，that doesn't mean it is bad. ——为什么人们会喜欢流行音乐？我太讨厌它(流行音乐)了。 ——虽然它不是你的风格，那并不代表它不好。 [名师点津] as引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”，要将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面形成倒装。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Even if/though we achieve great success in our work，we should not be proud. ②Whether we help him or not，he will fail. ③Whatever happens，the first important thing is to keep calm. 完成句子 ④即使失败十次，我也不灰心。 I'll never lose heart even if/though I should fail ten times. (教材P31)It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人惊奇的是，莫奈每次研究这个简单的场景，都会以一种独特的方式将池塘的美丽带到画布上。 every time意为“每当……”，引导时间状语从句。 与every time有类似用法的词语还有： each time　每当…… (the) next time 下次……时 the first time 第一次 the last time 上次……时 一……就…… I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。 Be careful！The machine starts the moment you press the button.小心点！你一按按钮机器就运转。 Every/Each time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。 [佳句背诵] —Next time you visit Bob，remember to give him a call in advance. —Good point.I will. ——下次你拜访鲍勃的时候，记得提前给他打电话。 ——好主意。我会的。 [名师点津] the first time表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。 For the first time in my life，I actually felt cool. 这是我有生以来第一次感到很酷。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and other animals. ②He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the first time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for the first time. 完成句子 ③每次看见这张照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的日子。 Every/Each time I see the picture，I always think of the days we spent together. (教材P31)Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings. 虽然这些画的背景非常不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆很久之后，它们的相似之处一直伴随着我——从印象派画家的画作中可以看出它们的相似之处。 该句是强调句型。强调的是their similarities。强调句型的构成：it is/was＋被强调部分＋that...。 (1)基本句式：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。 (2)一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。 (3)特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分。 (4)not...until...句型的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。 It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 在我们快要回家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉是多么美妙。 It was not until he retired from teaching three years ago that he considered having a holiday abroad. 直到三年前从教育战线退休以后，他才考虑去国外度假。 [名师点津] (1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强调时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。 (2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句子完整，则为强调句。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists. ②It was not until he lost his job that he realized the importance of study. ③It was only after the war broke out that people realized the importance of peace. 句型转换 ④He didn't know the importance of health until he got seriously ill. →It was not until he got seriously ill that he knew the importance of health. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Oil is in the process of losing its almost total domination(dominate) in ground transport. 2．If the rules of perspective(透视法) had not been discovered，no one would have been able to paint such realistic(real) pictures. 3．Opposed(opposed) to the plan of raising prices，they decided not to carry it out. 4．Try to spend your time just on the things you find worthy of being done(do)． 5．He listens to the music while wandering(wander) around a market. 6．It is a fact without debate that the employment(employ) pressure of graduates is heavy. 7．I look forward to hearing(hear) from you as soon as possible. 8．The latest models will be on display at the motor show. 9．The basket full of fruits belongs(belong) to the beautiful girl. 10．It struck(strike) me that I had already given him a call. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。 I think of the happy hours we spent together every time I see these photos. 2．我们决定明天参观博物馆，即使明天下雨。 We have decided to visit the museum even if/though it rains tomorrow. 3．是吉姆而不是他父母将要去南非。 It is Jim rather than his parents who/that is going to South Africa. 4．随着他年龄的增长，他变得更有才智了。 As he grew older，he became more intelligent. 5．他被美丽所吸引，现在不想离开。 Attracted by the beauty，he didn't want to leave right now. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A painting of a famous artist could cost several million dollars in the market.This is why many artworks—even those that are housed inside highly guarded museums—go missing.Here is a list of some of the most famous paintings that were lost，stolen or destroyed. Vincent Van Gogh's Poppy Flowers This artwork was housed at the Mohammed Mahmoud Khalil Museum in Cairo.It was first lost in 1977，but was recovered 10 years later.The second time this same Vincent Van Gogh painting was stolen was in August of 2010.The painting is estimated(估价) to be worth something between $50 and $55 million. Pablo Picasso's Le Pigeon Aux Petits Stolen on May 20,2010，this painting by Spanish painter Pablo Picasso is worth $28 million.It was stolen at the Museed' Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris，along with five other artworks.However，the thieves threw the painting away in a trashcan when they were caught.But that container was emptied before the authorities got there.It was feared that the painting was already destroyed. Paul Cezanne's View of Auvers Sur Oise Lost on December 31,1990，this artwork that used to be on exhibition at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford was stolen the night before the city's Millennium celebration.The thieves planned the robbery in time with the fireworks exhibition during peak of the celebrations.This artwork is estimated to be worth $5 million. Govert Flinck's Landscape with an Obelisk Stolen on March 18,1990，this artwork was at the Isabella Steward Gardner Museum in Boston.This painting by Govert Flinck was previously believed to be a Rembrandt creation.A huge cash reward of $5 million will be given to the person who can provide information leading to the recovery of the painting. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在博物馆被盗或被毁的四幅绘画作品：梵高的《罂粟花》、毕加索的《鸽子与豌豆》、保罗的《奥维尔风景》以及各瓦特·弗林克的《方尖塔风景》。 1．In which of the following cities was Le Pigeon Aux Petits stolen? A．Cairo.　　　　　　　 B．Paris. C．Oxford. D．Boston. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章小标题“Pablo Picasso's Le Pigeon Aux Petits(毕加索的《鸽子与豌豆》)”下的“It was stolen at the Museed' Art Modern de la Ville de Paris，along with five other artworks.(这幅画和其他五件艺术品一起在巴黎市政厅现代艺术博物馆被盗。)”可知，《鸽子与豌豆》在巴黎与其他五件艺术品一起被盗。因此，《鸽子与豌豆》被盗的城市是：B项“Paris(巴黎)”符合题意。故选B。 答案　B 2．Who was mistakenly thought to create Landscape with an Obelisk? A．Pablo Picasso. B．Paul Cezanne. C．Govert Flinck. D．Rembrandt. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章小标题“Govert Flinck's Landscape with an Obelisk(各瓦特·弗林克的《方尖塔风景》)”下的“This painting by Govert Flinck was previously believed to be a Rembrandt creation.(这幅由各瓦特·弗林克创作的油画曾被认为是伦勃朗的作品。)”可知，弗林克的这幅画以前被认为是伦勃朗的作品。因此，被错误地认为创作了《方尖塔风景》的是：D项“Rembrandt(伦勃朗)”符合题意。故选D。 答案　D 3．What can we infer about the four artworks mentioned in the text? A．They are given an approximate price. B．They are stolen when on exhibition. C．Some of them are lost more than 30 years. D．Some of them have been found so far. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Lost on December 31,1990，this artwork that used to be on exhibition at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford was stolen the night before the city's Millennium celebration.(1990年12月31日，这件曾在牛津阿什莫伦博物馆展出的艺术品在该市千年庆典的前一晚失窃。)”以及最后一段“Stolen on March 18,1990，this artwork was at the Isabella Steward Gardner Museum in Boston.(这幅画于1990年3月18日失窃，收藏在波士顿的伊莎贝拉斯图尔特加德纳博物馆。)”可知，保罗的《奥维尔风景》以及各瓦特·弗林克的《方尖塔风景》这两幅作品的失窃时间都是1990年，至今有三十多年了。因此，对于文中提到的四件艺术品，我们能推断出：C项“Some of them are lost more than 30 years(其中一些已经失去了超过30年)”符合题意。故选C。 答案　C B Girl with a Pearl Earring has been part of the Mauritshuis' collection in the Hague since 1902 and is still on display at the museum.Rumours (谣言) have surrounded Johannes Vermeer's work ever since it was rediscovered in the late 19th century，and this painting still continues to generate interest，debate and imagination. Although Vermeer was among the most successful artists working in Delft during the 17th century，he was almost completely forgotten after his death in 1675.Even during his lifetime，Vermeer's influence was mainly limited to Delft where he earned a reasonable living as a painter and art dealer.What's more，Vermeer's name is rarely mentioned in historical records and he left behind barely any other documents about his career or personal history. Very little is known about Girl with a Pearl Earring.However，art historians have decided several important facts about the painting.Recent research suggests that the black，negative space behind Vermeer's model was originally painted dark green. Much like other artists of his time，Vermeer enjoyed painting figures dressed in Middle Eastern clothes.As his model is dressed in a turban(女用头巾)，many art historians argue that the Vermeer's painting shouldn't be considered as a portrait(肖像画)at all.Instead，most scholars agree that Girl with a Pearl Earring belongs to a kind of painting called Tronie that began in the Low Countries around Vermeer's time.This type of artwork often portrays(描绘) characters rather than actual people.It portrays a certain type of character；in this case a girl in fanciful cress，wearing an oriental turban and an improbably large pearl in her ear. It is interesting to note that the painting was known as Girl with Turban or simply Young Girl for most of its existence and only received its current name less than a century ago.While it is impossible to identify Vermeer's model，due to a complete lack of evidence，he may have asked one of his seven daughters to sit for the painting. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》背后的故事。 4．What do we learn about Johannes Vermeer when he was alive? A．He lived a very hard life. B．He wasn't a gifted artist. C．He liked writing about himself. D．He wasn't much known out of his city. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Even during his lifetime，Vermeer's influence was mainly limited to Delft where he earned a reasonable living as a painter and art dealer.(即使在他的一生中，Vermeer的影响也主要局限于代尔夫特，他在那里以画家和艺术品经销商的身份谋生。)”可知，在Johannes Vermeer活着的时候，他在他的城市之外并不出名。故选D。 答案　D 5．What made some scholars regard Girl with a Pearl Earring as a work of Tronic? A．The girl's special expression. B．The girl's unusual dressing C．The model's unclear gesture. D．The model's background painting 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Much like other artists of his time，Vermeer enjoyed painting figures dressed in Middle Eastern clothes.As his model is dressed in a turban，many art historians argue that the Vermeer's painting shouldn't be considered as a portrait at all.Instead，most scholars agree that Girl with a Pearl Earring belongs to a kind of painting called Tronie(和他那个时代的其他艺术家一样，Vermeer喜欢画穿着中东服装的人物。由于他的模特戴着头巾，许多艺术历史学家认为Vermeer的画根本不应该被视为肖像画。相反，大多数学者认为《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》属于一种名为Tronie形式的画作)”可知，女孩不寻常的着装使一些学者认为《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》是属于Tronie形式的作品。故选B。 答案　B 6．What can we know about the painting from the last paragraph? A．Its model remains mysterious. B．Its name is still controversial. C．It was severely damaged a century ago. D．It was inspired by a daughter of the artist. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While it is impossible to identify Vermeer's model，due to a complete lack of evidence，he may have asked one of his seven daughters to sit for the painting.(虽然无法确定Vermeer的模特，由于完全缺乏证据，他可能让他的七个女儿中的一个坐下来画这幅画。)”可知，这幅画的模特仍然很神秘。故选A。 答案　A 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．Life experiences of Johannes Vermeer B．The model of Girl with a Pearl Earring C．The story behind Girl with a Pearl Earring D．Characteristics of Johannes Vermeer's painting 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Girl with a Pearl Earring has been part of the Mauritshuis' collection in the Hague since 1902 and is still on display at the museum.Rumors have surrounded Johannes Vermeer's work ever since it was rediscovered in the late 19th century，and this painting still continues to generate interest，debate and imagination.(自1902年以来，《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》一直是毛里泰斯在海牙的收藏品，现在仍在该博物馆展出。自从Johannes Vermeer的作品在19世纪末被重新发现以来，围绕着它的流言四起，这幅画至今仍在继续引起人们的兴趣、争论和想象。)”可知，文章主要讲述了关于绘画《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》的故事。这篇文章最好的题目是“《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》背后的故事”。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.七选五 You may want to make sure you get the most out of your teenage years.Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood.There are a variety of ways you can upgrade your life as a teenager. Discover what inspires you.Passions should make you feel excited.Considering what inspires you in your day­to­day life can help you identify passions. 1 This may mean you have a passion for art or art history.Spend your time pouring your energies into your personal passions. 2 It's important to have goals as a teen，as these can help shape your adult life.Writing down a variety of goals for a given year，semester，or summer can help you upgrade your life. Specific and realistic goals work best. 3 For example，maybe you're interested in animal welfare.A goal like，“I will avoid using products tested on animals，” is a more specific goal than，“I will do my part to end animal cruelty.” Do not give in to peer(同龄人) pressure.It's great to be open to trying new things as a teen，and important to make the most of your teenage years. 4 True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you don't want to do.Peer pressure comes in a variety of forms，and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life.Know how to identify and avoid peer pressure. Accept your strengths and weaknesses.Everyone is good at different things.You may not have a gift for writing，but you may excel at science courses. 5 You cannot succeed in everything，and that's okay. A．Do not limit yourself as a teenager. B．Focus on what you're good at，and what you enjoy. C．After you've spent some time considering your passions，set goals for yourself. D．Maybe you love reading about artists and find going to art museums inspiring. E．However，you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe. F．You'll end up meeting people your own age and developing a group of friends at work. G．That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可以提高青少年生活质量的一些方法。 1．D　根据本段小标题“Discover what inspires you.(发现激励你的东西。)”可知，本段内容和“inspire”有关，下文“This may mean you have a passion for art or art history.(这可能意味着你对艺术或艺术史有热情。)”和D项：Maybe you love reading about artists and find going to art museums inspiring.(也许你喜欢阅读有关艺术家的书籍，觉得去艺术博物馆很有启发。)形成解释说明关系。故选D。 2．C　空处为段落主题句。根据下文“It's important to have goals as a teen，as these can help shape your adult life.(作为一个青少年，有目标是很重要的，因为这些目标可以帮助塑造你的成年生活。)”可知，上文提到的内容和“goal”相关。C项：After you've spent some time considering your passions，set goals for yourself.(在你花了一些时间考虑你的爱好之后，为自己设定目标。)符合语境。故选C。 3．G　根据上文内容“Specific and realistic goals work best.(具体而现实的目标效果最好。)”可知，空处应该解释说明设定的目标要具体化。G项：That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things.(这意味着在写目标的时候，你应该清楚地说明你想要如何实现这些目标。)符合语境。故选G。 4．E　根据上文内容“It's great to be open to trying new things as a teen，and important to make the most of your teenage years.(作为一个青少年，开放地尝试新事物是很好的，并且充分利用你的青少年时期是很重要的。)”和下文内容“True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you don't want to do.(真正的朋友不会强迫你做你不想做的事。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系。E项：However，you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe.(然而，你不应该做任何让你感到不舒服或不安全的事情。)符合语境。故选E。 5．B　本段的主题句是“Accept your strengths and weaknesses.(接受自己的优点和缺点。)”再根据上文“You may not have a gift for writing，but you may excel at science courses.(你可能没有写作的天赋，但你可能擅长理科课程。)”可知，空处应该是说明需要了解自己的优点。B项：Focus on what you're good at，and what you enjoy.(专注于你擅长的和你喜欢的。)符合语境。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $