Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

语言 能力 必记 单词 mood，combination，flavour，gently，dessert，association，vary，emotion，native，relieve，security，generate，lower，enhance，impress，scenery，atmosphere，version，adorable，bakery，bitter，foggy，dynasty，expand，property，appropriate，estimate，consume，essential，innovation，concept，stimulate，appetite，delicate，emphasis，steam，mixture 重点 短语 have an impact on，lift one's spirits，do the trick，not to mention，with pleasure，refer to，make up for，be linked with，cheer sb up，cry out for，be in low spirits，throw oneself into，be impressed by，range from...to...，out of this world，bring sth to mind，be covered with，appeal to，fall apart 经典 句型 1.no matter how引导让步状语从句　　　　 2.find＋it＋形容词＋动词不定式(短语) 3.no wonder(that)．.. 4.in order that引导目的状语从句 5.sb be believed to do... 6.such...that...引导结果状语从句 核心 语法 动词不定式作主语和表语 话题 写作 写一篇文章，介绍自己最喜欢的食物 文化意识 了解世界各地的代表性食物及其相关饮食文化；了解我国众多地区传统美食的历史渊源，感受我国多元的饮食文化，增强文化意识和民族自豪感。 思维品质 梳理文本信息，培养提取、概括和分析信息的能力；能够理解语篇上下文的因果关系，提高逻辑思维能力；能够充分关注中外饮食文化的差异与融通，从多元文化视角观察和认识世界。 学习能力 能通过图书馆、互联网等渠道获取更多与饮食文化相关的学习资源；能根据语篇类型和特点，判断篇章的大概内容和作者的写作意图；能通过了解不同地域的饮食文化，保持对英语学习的兴趣，提高对英语学习的热情。 How Do You Think of American Food? Roza：When I came to the U．S.A.，I was inspired：a new country，new life，new people，new language and new food.When we went to Safeway for the first time，we were shocked.There was a huge assortment of groceries，a wide choice of dairy products，and seafood.In Russia we bought the same groceries and at the store there was not such a big assortment.In America we were confused because we couldn't read.We bought bread－it was salty，sweet and sour.In Russia，there are not too many restaurants.That's why people cook and eat at home.I never ate trout(鳟鱼) before in Russia.In America I can buy and cook it when I want. Cherry：I came from Thailand and most Thai food is spicy.I don't know why we always eat spicy food，but it's good for our health because Thai food has a lot of herbs.It burns calories so it doesn't make you fat.We never use cheese，butter or something like that to cook.When we're eating in restaurants，we order the food and eat it together.We must share everything on the table.We don't eat separately like Americans because it is very impolite in Thailand. Alicia：My eating habits have changed very much since I arrived in America.In my country I didn't like to eat vegetables and now I have to，because most of the American food has vegetables，but most of the food has more fat too.Here in America I tried Chinese food，because I'd never eaten it before，and it was delicious.Another change was that now I go to restaurants twice a week，something that I didn't do in Argentina.I don't have a favorite restaurant.I go everywhere trying new food. [词汇积累] shocked adj.吃惊的，震惊的；愤慨的，十分厌恶的　　　　　　　 assortment n．各种各样 confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的 spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的 herb n．药草；香草 根据短文回答问题 1．The three students Roza，Cherry and Alicia come from Russia，Thailand and Argentina. 2．According to the teenagers，Thai food is spicy，Chinese food is delicious and American food has too much fat. 3．Thai people eat together while Americans eat separately. Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．mood n．情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 2．flavour/flavor n．味，味道；特点，特色 vt.给……调味，加味于 3．dessert n．(饭后)甜点，甜食 4．link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来 n．联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 5．vinegar n．醋 6．native n．出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人 adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的 7．sour adj.酸的，有酸味的；馊的 vi.&vt.(使)变坏；变味，酸腐 8．bond n．纽带，联系；连接，结合 9．calorie n．卡，卡路里；千卡 10．lower vt.降低，减少；把……放低，使……降低 adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的 拓展词汇 11．combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合→combine vt.&vi.(使)融合，(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并 12．creamy adj.含奶油的；像奶油的，光滑细腻的；淡黄色的→cream n．奶油；乳脂；护肤霜adj.奶油色的；淡黄色的 13．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedy adj.贪婪的，渴望的→greed n．贪婪，贪心 14．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的→gentleness n．和蔼，温和 15．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associate vt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴 16．vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更，相异，不同vt.变更，改变→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种 17．emotion n．情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪→emotional adj.情感(上)的；情绪(上)的 18．salty adj.咸的，含盐的→salt n．盐；食盐 19．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 20．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得；拴牢；保护 21．generate vt.产生，引起→generative adj.能生产的，有生产能力的→generator n．产生者；发电机→generation n. 一代，一辈；产生→generational adj.一代的；代与代之间的 22．digest vt.&vi.消化；领会，理解n.摘要，文摘→digestion n．消化(过程) 23．cycle n．循环；自行车，摩托车vi.骑自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车的人 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．consist of由……组成(或构成) 2．because of因为；由于 3．be made up of由……构成 4．do the trick奏效，起作用，达到目的 5．not to mention更不用说 6．used to do sth过去常常做某事 7．refer to把……称作……；提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交 8．lie in存在于；在于 9．make up for弥补，补偿 10．vary from...to...由……到……不等 11．depend on依靠；依赖 12．tend to do sth倾向于做某事，易于做某事 13．connect with...与……相联系 14．take care of照料；处理 15．according to按照；根据……所说 16．give up放弃；停止 17．cry out for迫切需要 18．compare...to...把……和……相比；把……比作…… 19．as a result结果 20．be/become aware of对……知道/明白；意识到…… Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Whenever I feel lonely，I have a secret recipe that never fails：rice，milk and sugar，cooked low and slow. 每当我感到孤独时，我有一个永远不会失败的秘方：米饭、牛奶和糖，煮得又低又慢。 2．No matter how bad my mood is，that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不管我的心情有多糟糕，这种完美的组合总是足以让我振作起来。 3．Before I know it，I'm happy again. 在我意识到我的心情低落之前，我又重新高兴起来。 4．It is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with. 放弃与你一起成长的食物是最难的。 5．To achieve this，you can use words and phrases with similar meanings. 要做到这一点，你可以使用具有相似含义的单词和短语。 Ⅰ.Read the text and answer the following question. What is the text mainly about? It is mainly about comfort food. Ⅱ.Scan the text and match the general idea of every paragraph. 1．Para.1　 　A．Comfort food varies from person to person. 2．Para.2 B．Rice pudding cheers me up whenever I feel unhappy. 3．Para.3 C．Comfort food makes us feel good and is food for the soul. 4．Para.4 D．Comfort food can take people back to their cultural roots. 5．Para.5 E．Comfort food has the power of making us feel better. 答案　1～5　BEADC Ⅲ.Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．What does the chicken soup associate with according to the author? A．A happy childhood. B．A feeling of being taken care of. C．Happy memories of the people we love. D．All of the above. 2．For an Englishman who moves away from the UK，what may be his/her comfort food? A．Chicken soup.　　　 B．Rice. C．A plate of dumplings. D．Fish and chips. 3．Comfort food always cheers us up because . A．it is often made by our family members B．it can make us feel comfortable C．it tastes good and builds an emotional bond with happy memories D．it is delicious and has unique power 4．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A diary. B．A magazine. C．A novel. D．A science report. 答案　1～4　DDCB Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks according to the text. Rice pudding is my comfort food.In 1.a broad sense，comfort food refers to any food that 2.makes(make) us feel better.Comfort food varies 3.from person to person,4.depending(depend) on our own unique 5.experiences(experience)．If we grow up eating 6.certain(certainly) foods in our family，those foods tend 7.to be linked(link) with positive emotions.For people 8.who move away from their home country，one mouthful of comfort food takes them back to their 9.cultural(culture) roots，giving them the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of 10.homesickness(homesick)．In my opinion，comfort food is food for the soul. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心词汇·练透] combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 (1)in combination (with)　(与……)联合/结合 (2)combine vt.&vi. (使)融合，(使)结合， (使)混合；兼做；合并 combine...with/and... 把……与……结合起来 combine to do sth 联合起来做某事 [经典佳句]　The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners. 公司正在联合几家海外合伙人制造新产品。 Additionally，we can combine our skills with/and knowledge. 除此之外，我们还能把我们的技巧与知识结合起来。 [佳句背诵] Technological innovations，combined with good marketing，will promote the sales of these products. 技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The new graduates are advised to combine their knowledge with/and practice. ②A combination(combine) of factors may be responsible for the increase in cancer. ③In combination with what he has learned，he has gained much life experience. greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地 (1)greedy adj.　　贪婪的，渴望的 be greedy for 对……贪婪；渴望得到…… be greedy to do sth 急于做某事 It is/was greedy of sb to do sth 做某事对于某人来讲真是贪婪 (2)greed n. 贪婪，贪心 [经典佳句]　Spotting the car with its window left open，the greedy thief didn't hesitate. 看到那辆车窗开着的汽车，这个贪婪的小偷毫不犹豫。 It was greedy of them to take such bribes. 他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。 [佳句背诵] As far as I'm aware，we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn't be too greedy for wealth. 据我所知，我们应该通过辛勤劳动赚钱，而且我们不应该对财富贪婪。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The cruel and greedy(greed) woman was punished by the two boys. ②The students are greedy for knowledge. ③It was greedy of them to eat up all the candy. refer to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把……称作…… (1)refer to...as...　把……称作…… refer...to... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助) (2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅 [经典佳句]　When I am faced with a difficulty，I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages. 当我面对困难时，我常常选择参考相关学习资料或网页。 The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。 [佳句背诵] Don't refer to/consult a dictionary while having an examination. ＝Don't look up new words in a dictionary while having an examination. 考试时不准查词典。 [即学活用] 写出下列句中refer to的含义 ①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.查阅 ②We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及 ③It was foolish of you to refer to your notes in such an important test.参考 association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往 (1)in association with... 与……合伙/合作 (2)associate vt. 联想；联系 n. 同伴；伙伴 associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 be associated with... 和……有关 associate with sb 与某人交往或打交道 [经典佳句]　We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们与一家当地公司联合工作为无家可归的人筹钱。 Since 1982，membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。 [佳句背诵] Bamboo plants are associated with health，abundance and a happy home. 竹子与健康、富裕和幸福的家有关。 [即学活用] 一句多译 有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。 A．There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking.(用定语从句) B．There are many serious health problems in association with smoking.(用介词短语作定语) vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更，相异，不同　vt.变更，改变 (1)vary in sth　　(大小、形状等)不同；有别 vary with... 随……变化，改变 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 vary between...and... 从……到……转变 (2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的 (3)variety n. 种种；多样化 a variety of 各种各样的 [语境感悟] Libraries will often hold reading­group sessions targeted to various age groups. 图书馆通常会举办针对不同年龄段的阅读小组会议。 One of the advantages is that we can find a variety of topics，such as science，culture and history. 其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化、历史等。 [佳句背诵] However，views on this issue vary from person to person. 然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. ②No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day. ③There will be a wide variety(vary)of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion. ④The hotel rooms vary in size，but all have televisions and telephones. depend on依靠；依赖 (1)depend on/upon sb to do/doing sth　依靠某人做某事 depend on sb for sth 依靠某人供给某物 depend on/upon it that...　 指望；对……深信不疑 (2)That depends./It all depends. 视情况而定。 (3)dependence n. 依靠，依赖 dependent adj. 依靠的，依赖的 [经典佳句]　You can't depend on/upon your parents to keep giving you money. 你不能依赖父母，总让他们给你钱。 —Can you finish the work before Sunday? —That depends./It all depends. ——你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？ ——这要看情况而定。 [佳句背诵] People experience differences in physical and mental capability depending on the time of day. 视一天中的不同时候而定，人们会经历体能和智能上的差异。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. ②I know we can depend on her to deal/dealing(deal) with the tough situation. ③After graduating from college，he found a job and ended his dependence(depend) on his parents. tend to do sth易于做某事；往往会发生某事 (1)tend vt.　　照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 tend (to) sb/sth 照料，护理 (2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 there is a tendency to do sth 有一种做……的倾向 [经典佳句]　Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier，better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 研究发现，在户外待的时间更多的孩子往往更健康，更能适应环境，更善于应对压力。 My grandmother has a tendency to go to bed early every day.我祖母每天总爱早睡。 [佳句背诵] Those who had held mentally stimulating，demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. 那些在退休前从事精神刺激、要求高的工作的人在测试中往往表现最好。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①You may tend to look(look) down and away when greeting someone. ②He has a tendency(tend) to get angry when people oppose his plan. 完成句子 ③There is a tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices. 人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。 link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来　n．联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 (1)link...to/with... 将……和……联系或连接起来 link...together 把……连接在一起 link up 连接；结合 link up with... 与……联合；使与……衔接 (2)a link between...and... ……与……之间的联系 a link with... 与……的联系 [经典佳句]　People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 人们经常把他们所读到的东西的记忆与书的深度或书在页面上的位置联系起来。 The principle for dealing with praise is to consider the link between praise and effort. 处理赞扬的原则是考虑赞扬和努力之间的联系。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The new bridge will link the island to/with the mainland. ②Is there a link between smoking and lung disease? ③The two spacecrafts will link up with each other in orbit. relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解 (1)relieve sb of...　解除某人的负担、困难等 (2)relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；轻松；解脱 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是 [经典佳句]　I wanted to relieve myself of these duties as soon as possible. 我想尽快从这些责任中解脱出来。 Hearing the news，he breathed in relief. 听到这个消息，他如释重负地松了口气。 [佳句背诵] I'm relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. 知道“酷”的定义比我以前想的要宽泛得多，我很欣慰。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①No one was hurt，and we all breathed a sigh of relief(relieve)． ②Farming machines have relieved the farmers of much heavy work. 完成句子 ③他们都安全地到了家，这让我们松了口气。 To our relief，they all got home safely. security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证 secure adj.　稳固的，可靠的 v. 把……弄牢；保护 be secure from/against 安全于…… be secure about... 对……安心 secure sb/sth from/against... 使……安全(或可靠) [经典佳句]　She feels secure about her future. 她对自己的前途觉得安心。 Now my house is secure against burglary. 现在我的房子无被盗窃的危险。 [佳句背诵] The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation. 很多国家的医疗安全体系正经历重大的变革。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①It is a global dream to live in security(secure) and lead a happy life. ②Some measures are needed to secure the farmland from/against shifting sand. digest vt.&vi.消化；领会，理解　n．摘要，文摘 digestion n．　消化(过程) digestible adj. 容易消化的，易吸收的 digestive adj. 消化的 digestive system 消化系统 [经典佳句]　I read only the digest of the novel. 我只读过该小说的摘要。 This chapter is so difficult to digest that I'll have to read it again later. 这一章不容易理解，稍后我还得再看一遍。 [佳句背诵] Cattle­raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation that helps them digest milk as adults. 在东非和北欧养牛的人获得了一种突变，可以帮助他们成年后消化牛奶。 [即学活用] 写出下列句中digest的词性和词义 ①Don't give the baby meat to eat，because he can't digest it.vt.消化 ②I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.n.摘要 ③He paused，waiting for her to digest the information.vt.领会；理解 [重点句型·通关] (教材P2 )Whenever I feel lonely，I have a secret recipe that never fails：rice，milk and sugar，cooked low and slow. 每当我感到孤独时，我有一个永远不会失败的秘方：米饭、牛奶和糖，煮得又低又慢。 句中的Whenever I feel lonely是由whenever引导的让步状语从句。 (1)“what/who/which/when/where/how＋­ever”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/怎样……都……”，相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。 (2) “what/who/which＋­ever”除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导主语从句或宾语从句，既在从句中作成分又在主句中作成分，相当于anything that，anybody who等，此时不能与no matter what/who/which互换。 Whichever (＝No matter which) book you borrow，you must return it in a week. 你无论借哪一本书，都必须在一周内归还。 Personally speaking，parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever (≠no matter what) they require. 就我个人而言，父母们正在通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。 [佳句背诵] One funny observation about a problem in your life can be funny，but five is just complaining，no matter how smart you think you are. 对生活中某一个问题的有趣的观察可能很有趣，但五个就是只有抱怨了，不管你认为自己有多聪明。 [即学活用] 句型转换 ①Whenever I hear that tune，it makes me think of you. →No matter when I hear that tune，it makes me think of you. ②No matter what you do，try your best. →Whatever you do，try your best. (教材P2 )Before I know it，I'm happy again.在我意识到我的心情低落之前，我又重新高兴起来。 before在该句中用作连词，引导时间状语从句。 before用作连词，常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活： (1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“还没来得及……就……”。 (2)强调动作发生的时间长，意为“过了(多久)才……”。 (3)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”。 (4)在“It＋be＋not＋long＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。 The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left before I could ask for their names. 那对年轻夫妻归还了我丢了的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名字他们就走了。 As a matter of fact，it was a long time before I knew the truth. 事实上，过了好长时间我才知道事情的真相。 [佳句背诵] He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. 他告诉我直升机正在赶来的路上，但30分钟之后它才到达。 [即学活用] 翻译句子 过了几星期他的疼痛才完全消除。 It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain. (教材P5 )To achieve this，you can use words and phrases with similar meanings. 为了做到这一点，你可以使用具有意义相似的单词和短语。 不定式短语To achieve this作目的状语。 (1)在动词不定式前可加上in order (to)，so as (to)等用以表示目的，其区别在于in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。 (2)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。 To master English，you must make much effort on it. 为了掌握英语，你必须付出很多努力。 He hurried to the stadium without supper，only to be told the football match was cancelled. 他没吃晚饭，急匆匆地到达体育馆，却被告知足球赛取消了。 [佳句背诵] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang'e­4 to find and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin. 中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号船上的仪器，寻找和研究南极艾特肯盆地的区域。 [名师点津] 动词­ing形式作结果状语则表示意料之中的结果。如： He has got married and settled in Australia，leaving his family in China. 他结婚定居在澳大利亚，留下他的家人在中国。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He sold his farm，thus gaining(gain) enough money for his journey. ②He stood up and looked forward to see(see) what was going on outside. ③They reached the company out of breath，only to be told(tell) they were fired. 完成句子 ④尽管他们尽了最大的努力帮助他们，但对他们来说，日子还是很艰难。 Though they did all they could to help them but times were tough for them. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Anyone who goes abroad will accept security(secure) check at the customs. 2．The film was produced in association(associate) with an independent company. 3．Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop(stop) eating when they feel full. 4．It was a relief(relieve) to me to find the children safe. 5．The little boy ate an apple greedily(greedy) in the kitchen this morning. 6．For various(vary) reasons，we couldn't attend her wedding. 7．There is a direct link between the disease and diet. 8．The air seemed thin，as though its combination(combine) of gases had little oxygen left. 9．You can never depend on a disabled woman to do(do) all the housework for you. 10．If you don't understand some words，you can refer to the dictionary. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．不管他何时再来，都会受到欢迎。 No matter when/Whenever he comes again，he'll be welcome. 2．不久她就把一切都准备好了。 It was not long before she got everything ready. 3．对我们来说保持健康非常重要。 It is very important for us to keep healthy. 4．有时候我们太重视手机而忽略了我们的朋友。 Sometimes we attach too much importance to our phones so that we ignore our friends. 5．为了提高学习成绩，老师必须严格要求学生。 To improve grade scores，teachers must be strict with the students. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However，most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey，Babylon Micro­Fam (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally，it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital，restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically，it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud，BMF is remotely monitored.Also，there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil，the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest，users simply replace the plants with a new pre­seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover，having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition，there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office，they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，”said a BMF employee. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一家旨在为人们提供新鲜食材的BMF公司。 1．What can be learned about BMF from Paragraph 1? A．It guarantees the variety of food. B．It requires day­to­day care. C．It cuts the farm­to­table distance. D．It relies on farmer's markets. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However，most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro­Farm(BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的农产品要经历几周的运输并跨越很长距离才能到达人们的餐桌。BMF公司大大缩短了这一过程。末句中的“it”代指前文的“journey”，并和选项 C 中的“distance”构成同义词替换，故选C。 答案　C 2．What information does the convenient app offer? A．Real­time weather changes. B．Current condition of the plants. C．Chemical pollutants in the soil. D．Availability of pre­seeded pods. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time”可知，有一个便捷的应用程序实时提供(植物的)生长数据，这和B项的意思契合。故选B。 答案　B 3．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章末段中对BMF 公司员工的生活和工作情况的描述以及BMF 员工的自述“We are passionate about reducing waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment”可知，BMF员工们在日常生活中践行可持续发展，大约半数的员工走路或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶数量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓励回收利用及减少废物。他们都热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学物质。据此可以推断：BMF公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识，故选D。 答案　D 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF's major strengths. B．BMF's general management. C．BMF's global influence. D．BMF's technical standards. 解析　主旨大意题。文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程，接着第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。综上所述，文章从各个方面凸显了 BMF的优势。 答案　A B When people visit their local family­owned pumpkin patch，they aren't usually looking for dinner.The majority of the nearly 2 billion pounds of pumpkins grown in the US each year are carved(雕刻) up instead of being eaten，making them a unique part of the agriculture industry.For people who prefer seasonal recipes to decorations，that may raise a few questions：Are the pumpkins sold for jack­o'­lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food？And are carving pumpkins any good to eat? Carving pumpkins，often with a round shape and deep orange color，don't taste very good，because they are bred to be decorations first.They have walls that are thin enough to stick a knife through and a texture (质地) that's unappealing compared to the ones consumers are used to eating.“Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat；however，it's not the best type to use for cooking，” Daria McKelvey，a supervisor for the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden，tells Mental Floss.Unlike decorative pumpkins，cooking pumpkins are small and dense(紧实的)．This is one reason they taste better.McKelvey says.“Cooking pumpkins are smaller，sweeter，and have fewer fibers，making them easier to cook with—but not so good for carving.” These pumpkins can be added into soup，or simply roasted. If you do want to get some use out of your carving pumpkins，turn the flesh of your carving pumpkin into purée.Adding sugar and spices and baking it into a dessert can do a lot to mask the fruit's underwhelming flavor(味道)．Whatever you do，make sure your pumpkin isn't carved up already when you decide to cook with it.Never use one that's been carved into a jack­o'­lantern，otherwise you could be dealing with bacteria，dirt and dust. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜完全是不同的品种，前者是不建议食用的，因为不是很美味，如果真的要吃，那一定要选用没被雕刻过的南瓜。 5．What's the writer's purpose in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce a new concept. B．To lead readers to the topic. C．To make a summary. D．To offer background information. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Are the pumpkins sold for jack­o'­lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food？And are carving pumpkins any good to eat？” (作为南瓜灯原材料出售的南瓜和作为食物出售的南瓜一样吗？雕刻南瓜的味道好不好？)可知，作者提出来的这两个问题是在吸引读者，引发读者阅读的兴趣，同时也预示着作者在下文会有解释，旨在引导读者进入主题。故选B。 答案　B 6．How does the text mainly develop in Paragraph 2? A．By providing examples. B．By following the order of time. C．By making comparisons. D．By following the order of importance. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Carving pumpkins，often with a round shape and deep orange color，don't taste very good，”(雕刻南瓜的形状通常是圆形的，颜色是深橘色，但雕刻的南瓜的味道不太好。)、第二段第三句“Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat” (未经雕刻的南瓜吃起来是安全的)、第二段第四句“Unlike decorative pumpkins，cooking pumpkins are small and dense.” (与装饰南瓜不一样，食用南瓜是小而密集。)以及第二段第六句“Cooking pumpkins are smaller，sweeter，and have fewer fibers，making them easier to cook with—but not so good for carving.” (烹饪南瓜更小、更甜并且纤维更少，更容易烹饪，但不太适合雕刻。)可知，本段是通过装饰南瓜和烹饪南瓜之间的比较来展开的。故选C。 答案　C 7．Why can't we cook with carved pumpkins according to the last paragraph? A．Because they are specifically used for decoration. B．Because they are not so delicious as the ones sold for food. C．Because they are too expensive to serve as a dish. D．Because they are not healthy and safe enough as food. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“Never use one that's been carved into a jack­o'­lantern，otherwise you could be dealing with bacteria，dirt and dust.” (永远不要用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，否则你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物。) 可知，用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物，由此可见是不健康的。故选D。 答案　D 8．Where is the text most likely from? A．A diary.　　　　　 B．A magazine. C．A novel. D．A guidebook. 解析　推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文介绍了装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜是完全不同的品种。由此可推断出本文的来源可能为一本杂志。A.diary日记；C.novel小说；D.guidebook指南。故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation(适度)？Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time.It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food，so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone，especially in front of the TV or computer，often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready，like cookies. 3 Control emotional(情绪的)eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions，you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢)，while eating small，healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14－16 hours until breakfast the next morning.Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康的生活方式——要合理饮食。 1．F　文章开头提出问题“什么是适度？”，空前两句给出了解释“Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full.(从根本上说，适度意味着你的身体需要多少食物，你就只吃多少。用餐结束时你应该感到满足，但不能太饱。)”，空后又讲到了“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但是这并不意味着你要跟你喜欢的食物说再见。)”，因此空处应承接上文，就适度进行进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。F项“对我们很多人来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少。”与上下文衔接紧密。F项中的“means”与上文的“means”和下文的“mean”的呼应也是提示。故选F。 2．C　根据本段的主旨句“Take your time.”可知，本段主要围绕“不着急，慢慢来”展开，且空后讲到了“It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food，so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.(你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体它已经摄入了足够的食物，因此要慢点吃，在你感觉饱之前就停下来。)”，C项“不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽。”符合语境。故选C。 3．E　空前讲到了“And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready，like cookies.(注意你手边的食物。如果你有不健康的零食随时可食用，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。)”，因此空处应也与适度饮食的正确做法有关。E项“相反，让自己置身于健康的选择中。”承接上文，故选E。 4．B　空后讲到了“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom.(我们中有许多人还借助食物应对不愉快的情绪，比如悲伤、孤独或无聊。)”，根据“also”可知，空处应也与人们吃东西的目的有关。B项“我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西。”符合语境，且能引出下文。故选B。 5．A　结合空处的位置可知，此处考查的是段落主旨句。根据空后的“A healthy breakfast”，“Avoid eating late at night.”及“Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14－16 hours until breakfast the next morning.”可知，本段主要讲的是从早到晚如何合理饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $