定语从句 课件-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

定语从句 Contents 目录 定语从句概念 定语从句关联词 介词+which/whom 非限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句关联词 限定性定语从句V.S.非限定性定语从句 特殊情况 （that） 1. 概念 This is the museum that you visited the other day. 先行词 定语从句 关联词/连接词 修饰名词或代词，具有定语功能的从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关联词：引导定语从句的词。 关系词的作用： 1)连接主从句 2)指代先行词 3)在从句中充当成分 2. 关联词 1) The man ____ talked to you is my father. 2) Is this the man ______ you just talked to? 3) This is the shop _____ sells medicine. 4) This is the shop _____ we saw yesterday. 由关联词代表先行词在后面从句中的_______决定的。 找主句、划从句、再找先行词、最后判断成分。 成分 who whom which which the man the man the shop the shop 5)This is the boy _______ mother is a doctor. 6) It was a meeting _______ importance was realized by all people. 7) I still remember the day _______ I first came here. 8) This is the house _______ I lived last year. 9) I don’t know the reason _______ he was late. 10) He is no longer the small naughty boy ______ he used to be. 11) He talked about the students and school ______he saw in China. whose whose when where why (that) that the boy’s the meeting’s on the day in the house for the reason the small naughty boy 代人作主语 _______ 代人作宾语 _______ 代物作主语 _______ 代物作宾语 _______ 表示 “人的”_______ 表示 “物的”_______ 时间状语 _______ 地点状语 _______ 原因状语 _______ 表语 _______ 先行词为“人+物”_______ 这四个词都可用____来代替 作_____时，关系词可以省略 可 省 可 代 that whose whose when where why (that) that who who/whom which which 宾语 as引导的限定性定语从句 1) This is the same watch ______ I lost yesterday. 2) Don’t read such books ______ are too difficult for you. 3) I have as many books ______ you (have). as引导的限定性定语从句只用在以下特定句式中： the same...as... “和……一样的”（同类） such + 名词 + as... “像……这样的……” as/so + many/much/little/few + 名词 + as... “和……一样多/少的……” as as as the watch books books Exercises: 为以下定语从句填上合适的关联词 This is the reason____ he was late. This is the reason ___________he gave for not coming. This is the factory ___________I visited yesterday. This is the factory ___________ polluted the river. This is the factory ________ medicine is sold in many drug stores. This is the factory ______ his father worked 30 years ago. It is no longer the small factory _______ it used to be. I still remember the year 1949 _______ People’s Republic of China was founded. why which/that// which/that// which/that whose where that when 链接高考 1.(2023全国甲卷) There was once a town in the heart of America _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings. 2. (2023全国乙卷) Beijing is also a place _________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 3. (2022 全国I卷) The GPCN(大熊猫国家公园) is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. where which/that that A. 1. She talked about a film star _______________ no one had ever heard of. 2. This is the book _______________ you asked for. B. 1. She talked about a film star____________ no one had ever heard. 2. This is the book _____________ you asked. 在非规范英语表达中，介词通常放在定语从句的_________。 在规范英语当中，介词都应该放在____________之前。 代人作宾语我们只能用______， 代物作宾语我们只能用______。 who/whom/that// which/that// of whom for which 后面 关联词 whom which 不省不代 3. 介词+关联词 which/whom C. 1. I still remember the day ______ we first met. 2. This is the school_____ my father studied when he was young. 3. This is the reason ______ he was late this morning. D. 1. I still remember the day ____ which we first met. 2. This is the school____which my father studied when he was young. 3. This is the reason ____ which he was late this morning. 关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：____________。 when where why on the day at the school for the reason on at for 介词+which ★Note： 1. 一些动词的规定搭配短语，一般不拆开使用。 如：look for, look after, take care of等 (1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. ( ) (2) This is the watch for which I am looking. ( ) 2. whom, which不省不代 (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. ( ) (2) The man with that you talked is my friend. ( ) √ √ 3. 关系代词whose+名词可转化为the +名词+of which/whom I live in a house whose windows are open now. I live in a house __________________are open now. This is the boy whose handwriting is beautiful. This is the boy _____________________ is beautiful. 4. 复杂介词+关系代词 用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。 We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden. Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided? the windows of which the handwriting of whom 4. 非限定性定语从句 1. This is the book ____________he gave me yesterday. 关联词与先行词___________，___________， ___________， 这样的定语从句叫限定性定语从句。 2. He gave me a book yesterday, _______ is very interesting. 关联词与先行词___________，___________， ___________，这样的定语从句叫非限定性定语从句。 which/that/省 关系紧密 不可分割 没有逗号 which 关系松散 补充说明 有逗号 Some girls, who normally have no interest in any sports, skipped rope and had great fun. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen… know as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. To raise our awareness of the importance of fitness, a “ Sports and Fitness Week” was organized in our school last week, in which all the students took an active part. He didn’t finish his homework, which made his mother mad. 非限定性定语从句的关联词与限定性定语从句的关联词 基本一致 5. 非限定性定语从句的关联词 15 ★ Note： 1) He is a teacher _______________ everyone likes. 2) Mr. Green, _______ everybody likes, is coming tomorrow. 3) I like the book________________ you gave me yesterday. A book, ______his father bought, was given to me by John. 1. 在非限定性定语从句中，当关联词代表先行词充当定语从句的宾语时（代人作宾语______；代物作宾语_______）， 应不省不代。 who/whom/that/省 whom which/that/省 which whom which 1) He was late again and it made us very angry. 2) He was late again, _________ made us very angry. 2. Which 可以用来代替______________________________。 3) I have told him the reason ____________ I missed the early bus. 4) The main reason, ________ he lost his job, was that he drank too much. 3. why不能用来引导非限定性定语从句，此时要用for which。 which 整个句子 why/for which for which 4. all /some/most of+which/whom 表示事物的全部/部分/大部分 1) I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. 2) Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on a diet. 3) Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. 5. 定语从句的插入成分 This is the book _____________ is useful for my English study. This is the book _______ (he said; I think) is useful for my English study. 1）位置：_____________________ 2）含义：_____________________ 3）连接词：_____________________ Exercises： This is the woman _____ the musician said was regarded as the best pianist of the country. We’ll discuss the benefits _____ I feel have resulted from the projects. They went to some place _____ they believed they could find some food. which/that which 关联词之后 范围缩小 which/whom whom which which 1. The dictionary, ______our English teacher bought several years ago, is helpful to us. 2. In 196l, the UN decided to set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is torelieve worldwide starvation. 3. The number of smokers , ______ is reported, has dropped by 17% in just one year. 4. He wrote many children’s books , nearly half of______were published in the 1990s. 5. During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes , ______ allowed me to keep my high social status. 6. She brought her three friends to the party, none of ______ I had ever met before. Exercises: 为以下非限定性定语从句填上合适的关联词 which whose as which which whom 链接高考 1. (2025全国I卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2. (2025全国II卷) Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ______ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in moutains... . 3. (2024北京卷) Tinniswood, ______ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 4. (2024全国II卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, Willian Shakespear’s hometown. which where who who 总结对比 非限定性定语从句的关联词(连接词/关系词) 成分 （限定性）定语从句 非限定性定语从句 代人作主语 who/that who 代人作宾语 whom/who/that/省略 whom 代物作主语 which/that which 代物作宾语 which/that/省略 which 谁的 whose whose 时间状语 when when 地点状语 where where 原因状语 why for which 代整个句子 无 which/as Which or As He was late again, ______we had expected. He was late again, ______ made us very angry. as which which和as的异同 相同之处 不同之处 as which 1. 都可引导非限定性定语从句 2. 都可指代整个句子 “正如” “这” 位置灵活（前、中、后） 对比关系 因果关系 中、后 The differences 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 意义上 作用上 翻译时 关系词 无逗号 有逗号 去掉后句意不完整 去掉后，句意完整 修饰限定 修饰先行词 补充说明 修饰先行词或主句 译为“......”的 可译为并列句 可省可代 不省不代 why用for which 特殊情况 不用that的情况： Those are the trees under which people can have a rest. Bruce doesn’t listen to others’ advice, which makes his mother very annoyed. The clock is that which tells the time 介词+关系代词 引导定语从句 引导非限制性定语从句时 先行词本身就是that时 关联词使用的特殊情况 2)只能用that的情况 ①_____________________________ Is there anything that I can do for you? This is something that he told me yesterday. All that I can do is to wait. ②_____________________________ You can take any book that you like. This is the third letter that I write to you. This is the best book that I got. This is the only country that I have visited. ③_____________________________ ④_____________________________ Which of the books that you bought is the most useful for my writing? 先行词是表物的不定代词时 先行词是物且被不定代词、序数词、最高级、the only/very/last等修饰时 先行词既是人又是物时 主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时 ⑤先行词在从句中作表语时 3) 用who而不用that的情况： ①先行词是表人的人称代词 (he/she/those...)或不定代词(anyone，someone, everyone, somebody, anybody, one, ones)等词时； ②先行词是人且被序数词修饰时； ③there be句型，且先行词是人时； ④当先行词是 people 或是表示人的集体名词时。 Those who have good manners will be highly respected. He is the third man who passed the exam. There is a student who is always making noise. There are lots of people who are listening to the radio. 当先行词为表示方式的way, 且在从句中作状语时，应该用 that / in which / 不填。 1. We admire the way ________________he solved the problem. 2. I don’t like the way _________________you spoke to her. 3. You speak to her in the way _______________I don't like. 4) way 作先行词 that/in which/不填 that/in which/不填 that/which/不填 定语从句中的主谓一致 He is a good student who _____(like) to help others. They are good students who ____ (like) to help others. He is one of the students who ____ (is/are) praised. He is the one/the only one of the students who ____ (is/are) praised. 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句的谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 当先行词为one of +复数名词时，从句谓语动词用复数形式 当先行词为the (only/very) one of +复数名词时，从句谓语动词用单数形式 likes like are is $