Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Section A grammar课件-2025-2026学年人教版（2024）英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕情态动词“could”的用法展开，系统梳理了请求、许可与能力三种语境下的句型结构和回答方式，通过真实生活对话情境搭建学习支架，由浅入深引导学生从理解到运用，实现语言知识向语言能力的转化。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质三大核心素养，以“家庭生活”主题贯穿始终，如第4页中“Could you please hang the pictures?”等真实对话设计，既训练学生准确使用礼貌请求句式，又渗透家庭责任意识，提升跨文化沟通能力。教师可借助表格对比“can”与“could”的差异，强化逻辑推理，帮助学生在具体语境中辨析语气强弱，从而发展批判性思维。此设计不仅助力学生掌握语法要点，也促进其形成良好的行为规范和表达习惯，为教师提供清晰的教学路径与可操作的课堂活动方案。

Unit 2 HOME SWEET HOME Section A What can you do for your home? Grammar Focus Home Sweet Home 1 Lead in Section A What can you do for your home? How does Peter’s new home look like? Why could they keep such a nice house? Because everyone takes their part in keeping it nice and tidy. HOME SWEET HOME 2 Lead in Section A What can you do for your home? What may Peter, Helen and Jim do? Act out in groups. HOME SWEET HOME 3 Lead in Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME What sentence patterns did you use? Can you sweep the floor? Could you please hang the pictures? Can I finish my homework firsr? ... Sure./Yes./No problem. Sorry, ... 4 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME refuse & reason refuse & reason agree & detail/opinion agree & detail/opinion R P P R request permission Can I/we do sth? Could I/we do sth? Can you do sth? Could you please do sth? Yes/Sure/OK/No problem sorry, but ... Good idea./I’ll do it at once. What is the difference between “can” and “could”? 5 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 一、作为 can 的过去式时，情态动词 could 表示过去的能力和可能性， 其否定形式是 could not，可缩写为 couldn’t。 情态动词 could 的用法 e.g. He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗了。 Judy couldn’t have enough money for a car. 朱迪不可能有足够的钱买汽车。 6 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 二、情态动词 could 可用于礼貌地提出要求或征询许可，此时并非 can 的过去式。 用法和句式 示例 提出请求：Could you please (not) do ...? Could you please take the dog for a walk? 请你去遛遛狗好吗？ 征询许可：Could I/we do ...? Could I go out for dinner with my friends? 我能和朋友一起出去吃（晚）饭吗？ 情态动词 could 的用法 7 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 回答 1．对提出请求或征询许可的句型作否定回答时，通常以 sorry 或 I’m sorry 开头。 e.g. —Could you help me with my English now? 你现在能帮我学英语吗? —I’m sorry, but I have a football match ten minutes later. 抱歉，我十分钟后要参加一场足球赛。 情态动词 could 的用法 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 情态动词 could 的用法 回答 2．如果问句中使用 could，回答时要用 can 或 can’t，不能用 could 或 couldn’t。 e.g. —Could I use your bike? 我能用一下你的自行车吗？ —Sure, you can. 当然可以。 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 拓展 3．其他常见的表示委婉请求或征询许可的句型： （1）“Will/Would you please do ...?”表示“请你做……好吗？” （2）“Would you mind (not) doing ...?”表示“你介意（不） 做……吗？” （3）“May I ...?”表示“我可以……吗？” 10 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 用法和句式 示例 肯定回答常用语： Of course. / Certainly. / OK. / Sure. / No problem/Yes, you can. 等 否定回答常用语：Sorry. / Certainly not. / No, you can’t. 等 —Could you please clean the room?请你打扫一下房间好吗? —Sure. 当然可以。 —Could you open the windows? 你能打开窗户吗? —Sorry, but I have got a cold. 抱歉，我感冒了。 情态动词 could 的用法 回答时不能用could，而要用can。 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 1.can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力. 如：He can speak a little English now. She could play the piano when she was five. 2.在表示请求许可时,没有时间区别,在语气上could 更加委婉客气. 如：Can I use your pen? Could I have a look at your book? 3.在表示可能性方面,没有时间区别,can 可能性比could 大； 表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性,而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性. 如：Anybody can make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误. The weather here could be very cold in winter.冬天这的天气有时很冷. can VS could 12 Exercise Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME Jane is talented in painting and ______ paint great pictures at the age of 5. A．may B．can C．might D．could 可用语法判断法解答本题。句意为“简具有画画的天赋，她五岁时就能画出很好的画了”。may“可以”，表示请求，过去式为might；can“能”，表示能力，过去式为could。由句中的 at the age of 5 可知，此处时态为过去时。故选 D。 D 13 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME —Could you go to the bookshop with me? I want to buy a book about robots. —Sorry, I ______. I’ve promised Mom to go home right after school. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 可用语法判断法解答本题。句意为“你能和我一起去书店吗？我想去买一本关于机器人的书”“对不起，我不能。我已经答应妈妈放学后就回家了”。could 表示语气委婉的请求，其否定回答要用 can’t。故选A。 A 14 Grmmar Focus Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 情态动词 could could表示过去的能力，表现在的能力can Could you please...? 能请你……吗？ Could I...? 我能……吗？ 用于提出要求或请求 用于请求 许可 表示能力 could 比can语气更委婉，回答时用can/can't。 Let’s put it into practice. 15 Practice Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME Could I use your computer? Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet? Can I stay out until eleven? Could you give me a ride to town now? Let me show you the way. 16 Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME A: Can/Could you please open the door ? B: Sure./Of course. A: Can/Could I borrow your notes ? B: No problem. A: Can/Could you bring gloves and rubbish bags ? B: Sure./Of course. Practice 17 Discuss Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME Do you often use “can” or “could” at home when making reaquests or asking for permissions? Should we use them? 18 Summary Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 情态 动词 can和could could表示过去的能力，表现在的能力用can Can/Could you please...? 能请你……吗？ Can/Could I...? 我能……吗？ 用于提出要求或请求 用于请求 许可 表示能力 19 Reflect Section A What can you do for your home? HOME SWEET HOME 20 $