内容正文:
外研七上Unit 2语法(There be一般现在时&过去时)培优讲义
一、一般现在时
(一)基本结构:
There is/are + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语。
is:用于主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词时。
There is _______________ _______________ _______________ in music.音乐里有这么多乐趣。
are:用于主语是复数可数名词时。
There are _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________.有很多他们的粉丝。
(二 )就近原则
当 There be 句型中有多个主语时,be 动词的形式与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。
_______________ _______________ a pen and two books on the table.桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。
_______________ _______________ two books and a pen on the table.桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。
(三)否定形式,在 be 动词后加 “not”。
There is not(isn't) + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语:
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the glass.杯子里没有水。
There are not(aren't) + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语:
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the classroom.教室里没有学生。
(四)一般疑问句形式将 be 动词提到句首。
Is there + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语?
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ near here?(这附近有公园吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, there is. 否定回答:No, there isn't.
Are there + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语?
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the basket?(篮子里有苹果吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, there are. 否定回答:No, there aren't.
二、一般过去时
(一)基本结构
There was/were + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语。
was:用于主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词时。
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________last winter.(去年冬天有很多雪。)
were:用于主语是复数可数名词时。
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in my class.
Last year,_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________in the reading group…
我们班有 45 名学生。去年,阅读小组有 15 名学生……
(二)就近原则
当 There be 句型中有多个主语时,be 动词的形式与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致(过去时中遵循此原则)。
_______________ _______________an apple and two bananas on the plate just now.
刚才盘子里有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
_______________ _______________ two bananas and an apple on the plate just now.
刚才盘子里有两根香蕉和一个苹果。
(三)否定形式,在 be 动词后加 “not”。
There was not(wasn't) + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语:
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the bottle yesterday.昨天瓶子里没有牛奶。
There were not(weren't) + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the garden last week.上周花园里没有花。
(四)一般疑问句形式,将 be 动词提到句首。
Was there + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语?
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ here ten years ago?(十年前这里有电影院吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, there was. 否定回答:No, there wasn't.
Were there + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语?
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ in the library yesterday afternoon?昨天下午图书馆里有学生吗?
肯定回答:Yes, there were. 否定回答:No, there weren't.
三、练习巩固
(一)用 is/are 或 was/were 填空
1.There ______ a cat under the chair now. There ______ a dog there yesterday.
2.There ______ some books on the shelf now. There ______ a pen and some books on it last night.
3.______ there any water in the glass just now? Yes, there ______.
4.______ there many people in the park yesterday? No, there ______.
(二)将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句(分别用一般现在时和一般过去时)
There is a computer on the desk.
一般现在时否定句:________________________________________________________
一般现在时一般疑问句:________________________________________________________
一般过去时改写:There was a computer on the desk yesterday.
一般过去时否定句:_____________________________________________________________
一般过去时一般疑问句:_____________________________________________________________
There are some flowers in the garden.
一般现在时否定句:_____________________________________________________________
一般现在时一般疑问句:_____________________________________________________________
一般过去时改写:There were some flowers in the garden last week.
一般过去时否定句:_____________________________________________________________
一般过去时一般疑问句:_____________________________________________________________
(三)翻译句子
1.现在瓶子里有一些牛奶。(一般现在时)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.昨天树上有很多鸟。(一般过去时)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.刚才房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。(一般过去时)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
答案
(一)
1.is;was
2.are;was
3.Was;was
4.Were;weren't
(二)
一般现在时否定句:There isn't a computer on the desk.
一般现在时一般疑问句:Is there a computer on the desk?
一般过去时否定句:There wasn't a computer on the desk yesterday.
一般过去时一般疑问句:Was there a computer on the desk yesterday?
一般现在时否定句:There aren't any flowers in the garden.
一般现在时一般疑问句:Are there any flowers in the garden?
一般过去时否定句:There weren't any flowers in the garden last week.
一般过去时一般疑问句:Were there any flowers in the garden last week?
(三)
1.There is some milk in the bottle now.
2.There were many birds in the tree yesterday.
3.There was a table and two chairs in the room just now.
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