Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Words and Expressions 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Morals and virtues Words and Expressions (1) Book3 Unit2 1.moral adj.道德的;道义上的　 n.品行;道德;寓意 morally　 adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地　 immoral adj.不道德的;邪恶的  moral dilemma moral standards moral responsibility 这事不算违法，但在道德上是错误的。 It isn't unlawful, but it's ________ wrong. 道德困境 道德标准 道义上的责任 morally 2. dilemma n.困境;进退两难的境地 to face a dilemma 面临左右为难的困境 be in a dilemma 进退两难;左右为难 对于是否应邀参加聚会他左右为难。 He was in a dilemma about the party invitation. 3.illustrate vt.(举例) 说明;阐明;给(书或文章) 加插图 　illustration　 n. 说明;插图;例证 　 illustrated　 adj. 有插图的 1) To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story. 2) He's just written a book  which is nicely illustrated  and not too technical.  4. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍稀的;宝贵的 比较级： more precious 最高级： most precious precious memories 珍贵的回忆 valuable adj. 宝贵的;很值钱的;贵重的 priceless adj.无价的;极珍贵的;极重要的 invaluable adj.极有用的;极宝贵的 5. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 carry on carry out carry away 正是你的帮助使我度过了艰难时刻。 It was your help that carried me through the hard times. 继续 执行 拿走，带走，搬走 6. marriage n.结婚;婚姻 1) They're getting ________next month. 2) I opposed her _______ to Darryl. 3) The music business ______ art and commerce. 4)You'll never _____ her ─ she's much too good for you.    married marriage marries marry marry　 vt. 嫁;娶;与……结婚 married　 adj.已婚的; 婚姻的 7. majority n.大部分;大多数; 多数派 the majority of 大多数的 be in a/the majority 占多数;过半数 major adj.较大的;较多的;主要的　 vi.主修 n.主修课; 专业 major in... 主修…… 8 the majority单独使用做主语时,谓语动词用单数或复 数皆可。 the majority of可以修饰单数名词,也可修饰复数名词。该短语做主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致。 The majority were/was in favour of the propose. 大多数人赞成这个建议。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 这次的损害大部分容易补救。 单句语法填空 (1)The majority of people________(be) not satisfied with the newly-passed law.  (2)Those who are in favour of the plan are____ a majority. are/were in 8. complain vi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚 complain about/of sth. 申诉;控告 The old man complained about the hot weather. 老人抱怨天气炎热。 complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事 If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.如果你得不到任何赔偿，向园区所有者投诉。 complaint n.抱怨;诉苦;疾病;委屈 make a complaint to sb about… 向某人提出投诉;抱怨 (1)He never complained ________his own thing. (2)Tom complained _____ me about the wrong done to him by his boss (3) I am writing to make a __________(complain) about your bad delivery service.  about/of to complaint 9. tuition /tjuˈɪʃn/ n. (小组)教学，讲授，指导; She received private tuition in French. 她由私人教授法语。 tuition (尤指大专院校的)学费 fee 专业服务费；咨询费；加入组织或做某事付的费用 e.g. legal fees 律师费 charge （商品和服务所需的）要价，收费 cost 费用；花费；成本 9. respond vi. 做出反应;回应; vt.回答;回复 respond to 回答;回复;对……做出反应 How did they respond to the news? 他们对这则消息有什么反应？ response n.回答;回应;回复 make a response to 回应… in response to 对……做出回应/反应 In response to your inquiry, I wrote this letter. 作为对你提出的查询的答复, 我写了这封信。 answer 作及物动词(一方提出问题另一方回答)，后可接question(表示回答问题)，doorbell(表示开门)，telephone(表示接电话) 等。 reply 较正式(用作不及物动词,后面接to)，表示回复别人的话语、信件、祝贺、攻击等。 respond 正式用语(常与介词to连用)，通常指对号召职责、请求、紧急情况等做出反应或回应。另外，respond还可表示“反应;响应”。 answer/reply/respond这些动词均有“回答”之意。 16 选词填空(answer/reply/respond) (1)They did not_________ to our new proposal.  (2)Do you have any suggestions to us how we should_________his questions?  (3)I invited her to dinner but she did not______.  respond answer reply 17 10. hire vt.租用;雇用;聘任;租用(物品) n.租借;租用 to hire a car/room 租汽车/房间 to hire a lawyer 聘请律师 on /for hire 出租 The bicycles is on/for hire at ￡2 an hour 自行车出租，每小时2英镑 【辨析】　hire/employ/rent hire 雇用，租用。是日常用语，按工作量计酬的雇佣人手或短期租用物品。 employ 雇用。多指商店或公司长期雇佣人手。 rent 出租。一般指租借房屋、地产(租借出去)。 He hired a truck to help him in moving to his new home. 他租了一辆卡车帮他搬家。 The company employs fifty people. 这个公司雇佣了五十人。 The room rents at(for)$5 a week. 这个房间每星期租金5美元。 选用hire/employ/rent/fire的适当形式填空 ①Our company ________ about one hundred people. ② She ________ out rooms to students. ③ They ________ out boats by the hour. employed rents hire 巩固练习 1. 现在大部分人似乎更喜欢玩电脑而不喜欢看电视。(majority) 将下列句子翻译 成英语。 The majority of people today seem to prefer playing computer to watching TV. 2.他们试图摆脱困境。(dilemma) They try to find a way out of their dilemma. 3.他们的希望帮助了那些人渡过了最后的考验。 (carry sb through sth) 4.我要就这件事向经理投诉。 (complain to sb about sth) Their hope  carried those people through this last test.  I'm going to complain to the manager about this. Morals and virtues Words and Expressions(2) Book3 Unit2 1. physician n.医师;(尤指)内科医生 resident physician a degree in physics   住院医师 物理学学位 physical　 adj.物理的;身体的 physically　 adv.身体上;肉体上 physics n.物理学 2. reject vt. 拒绝接受;不录用 （后面常跟名词，代词，动名词，不跟不定式） 　 Mary’s mother ______ to let her go abroad to study. refused B.declined C.turned down D. rejected He rejected my offer of help. rejection　 n.拒绝接受;否决 rejected　 adj.被拒的;不合格的 3. appoint vt.任命;委派 appoint sb. to be/as… 任命某人(某职) appoint sb. to do sth． 委派某人做某事 appointed adj． 约定的；指定的 He finished the task at the appointed time. 他按规定时间完成了任务。 appointment n． 任命；约会；约定 make an appointment with sb． 约见某人；与某人约会   4. elect vt.选举;推选;选择,决定 elect sb. as/to (be)＋职位 ＝ be elected to＋职位 选举/推选某人为…… All the people agreed to elect him (as) our monitor. 所有的人都同意推举他为我们的班长。 ②After only a year in the sports club, the youngest player. was elected to be the leader. election n. 选举；推选；当选 30 把下列句子翻译成英语。 (1) 他被选为我们国家的主席。 _______________________________________ (2) 正是汤姆被推选成为领导者。 _______________________________________ He was elected as president of our country. It was Tom who/that was elected to be the leader. 5. tend vt.意为“照顾;照料” vi,意为“倾向;趋于” Golf course must be carefully tended by a special staff of groundskeepers. 高尔夫球场必须由专门的场地管理员精心养护。 People tend to think that the problem will never affect them. 人们倾向于认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。 tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事 tendency n. 倾向；趋势 6. retire vi.& vt.退休;退职;退出 单句语法填空 (1)He is a___________(retire) worker.  (2) At 71, he has now retired ________ the political position.  (3) At 60, he was now approaching___________ (retire). retired from retirement retire from... 从……退休(役) retired adj.退休的;退役的 retirement n.退休;退职 7. scared adj. “害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的。 The boy was very scared when he heard the noise. 那孩子听到声音非常惊恐。 scare vt. (使)害怕;（使）惊吓 You scared me. 你吓了我一跳。 be scared to death scare sb into doing sth Local businesses were scared into paying protection money. 当地商家迫于威胁缴纳了保护费。 吓死了 威胁，恐吓（某人做某事） 8. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的; 敏捷的　 have a sharp mind/brain 有敏锐的头脑 have a sharp eye/ear/nose for... 对……有灵敏的视力/听力/嗅觉 sharpen vt.使变锋利;使尖锐 35 写出下列句中sharp的汉语意思 (1)It was very sharp of you to have noticed that. It is only a very small fault.　敏锐的　  (2)After the big storm there was a sharp drop in temperature.　急剧的　  (3)It’s dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife. 　锋利的　  36 9. energetic adj. /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ 精力充沛的；充满活力的； energetically adv. 精力充沛地 energy n. 精力；能源 energize vt.充满热情；给（某人）增添能量 This will energize your entire body. 这将激活你全身的能量。 10. replace vt. 取代；替换；代替 replace sb./sth. =take the place of sb./sth. 取代某人/某物 =take sb’s place replace A with/by B. 用B来替换A Can anything replace a mother’s love and care? We replaced apples with oranges. 　replacement　 n.更换;替换  Book3 Unit2 Morals and virtues Words and Expressions(3) 1.operation n.手术;企业;经营 →　operate　 vi.运转;动手术;起作用 →　operator　 n.经营者;操作员 请用operate的适当形式填空 1)What skills are needed to ______ this machinery? 2)We will have to _______ on his eyes. 3)The system has been in _________ for six months. 4) The _______ will put you through. operate operate operation operator 2. whisper v. 耳语；私语；密谈 n. 耳语(声)；低语 whisper to sb./whisper sth. to sb. 对某人小声说…  He whispered to me that he was afraid. 他低声对我说他害怕。 It is/was whispered that…   传闻说… It was whispered that he would soon die and he did. 有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。 in whispers  耳语地，小声地  They spoke in whispers. 他们在交头接耳。    3.assist .vt. (1) assist sb.with\in sth.帮助某人某事 (2) assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 (3) assist (sb.) in doing sth.帮助（某人）做某事  帮助；援助 好词典会帮你理解英文。 1. A good dictionary will __________________ your English.  assist you with\in assistance n.帮助；援助 assistant n.助手，助理 本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com 4. aid n. with the aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下 do/perform/carry out first aid 进行急救 aid vt. aid sb.in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth. 以某事物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 (1)assist 强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二位或从属的作用，即“协助”。 The nurse assisted the doctor in the operating room. 护士在手术室协助医生。 (2)aid为正式用词，主要指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，侧重强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。 I aided her to continue her research.我帮助她继续她的研究。 (3)help最普通用词，含义广泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。 She might be able to help us.她有可能帮我们的忙。 assist/aid/help 5. memory n.记忆力;回忆 in memory of 为纪念…… memorise　 vt.记住;背熟  完成句子 他创办那项慈善事业以纪念他的妻子。 He founded the charity 　　　　　　　　　　　.  ______________________________. in memory of his wife 补全下列“in+n. +of”短语 in _______ of 为了...表示敬意 in ______ of 负责 in _____ of 希望 in ______ of 支持 in ______ of 寻找 in ________ of 万一 in________of 赞扬 honour charge hope favour search case praise 6.disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n．伪装；化装用具 in disguise 　伪装，化装 disguise oneself as 装扮成 句语法填空 1)He went among the drug dealers ____ disguise. 2)He disguises himself ____ a soldier. in as 49 7. tear/tiə(r)/n.眼泪；泪水 in tears 流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears 突然哭起来 tear /teə(r)/ v. 撕掉，撕开 tear up 撕毁；撕碎(文件等) tear down 拆毁；拆除(建筑物、墙等) tear sth. into/to pieces 把某物撕成碎片 9. despair n.绝望 v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心 Don't despair! We'll think of a way out of this.  别灰心！我们会找到出路的。 He gave up the struggle in despair.  他绝望地放弃了斗争。 in despair处于绝望中  /dɪˈspeə(r)/  9. ____ n.& vt. 损害；危害 ________ adj. 有害的 ________ adj. 无害的 Pollution can ______ wildlife. Fruit juices can be ________ to children’s teeth. (3) It's just a bit of ___________ joke. harm harmful harmless harm harmful harmless ★ do harm to sb. / sth. = be harmful to sb = harm sb There is no harm in doing sth It does no harm (for sb) to do sth 做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。 如：他可能会拒绝，但问一问也无妨。 He may say no, but there’s no harm in asking. It does no harm to ask. ★ do harm to sb. / sth. = be harmful to sb = harm sb 【典例填充】 吸烟有害健康。 Smoking____ ____ ___your health. ＝Smoking ______your health. =Smoking_____ ____ _____ your health. is harmful to harms does harm to Their criticisms _________him deeply. Smoking will ________his health. He was slightly ________in the car accident. He got _________in the fighting. My leg still _____. have hurt harm injured wounded hurt Practices: hurt/harm/injure/wound 11. a great deal (of)许多；大量 a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”作主语或者宾语。 a great deal of 许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。 完成句子 ①I also had friends who gave me_____________ encouragement． 我还有些朋友给了我很多鼓励。 ②A great deal ____________(do) internally to save the situation.. 已经做了很多内部工作对这种情形进行补救。 a great deal of has been done In to respond to [即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作 (1)Receiving a text does not mean you need to ________ (response) to it. (2)________ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. (3)The teacher kindly made a response ________ the question that student put forward. (4)如果我们收到这类信件，我们会做出回应的。 If we receive such a letter we will ________ it. respond appointment　 make an appointment with [即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作 (1)We are pleased to appoint you ________ our agent in Japan. (2)They made an ______________ (appoint) for the second day of May. (3)如果你想看医生，最好事先跟他预约好。 If you want to see the doctor, you'd better ________________________ him in advance. as　 place　 be replaced by/with [即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作 (1)We've replaced the old machine ________ a computer. (2)No man could take his ________ in French literature. (3)课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 Teachers will never ________________ computers in the classroom. with/by to It was whispered in whispers [即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作 (1)She is whispering ________ her sister. (2)She is whispering a story ________ her daughter. (3)有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。 ________________ that he would soon die and he did. (4)他们坐在房间的后面，低声交谈。 They sat at the back of the room, talking ________. to tears into pieces [即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作 (1)The last act was so touching, the whole audience was ________ tears. (2)She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the ________ (tear)． (3)他恼羞成怒，把信撕成碎片。 Angry and bored, he tore the letter ________. in $