2026届高考英语一轮复习语态详解 课件

高考一轮复习（英语) 语法之语态 （Voice) 1 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“由”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。(be done) ※ be done是谓语动词被动；done是非谓语动词被动 语态 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 语态 不同时态下的被动语态 时态 被动语态 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are done English is spoken here. 一般过去时 was / were done He was asked a question. 一般将来时 will be done You will be aksed to show your ticket 现在进行时 am / is / are being done The road is being repaired now. 过去进行时 was / were being done He knew he was being watched. 现在完成时 have / has been done The house has been sold. 过去完成时 had been done The work had been finished. 情态动词 情态动词 +be done It must been done carefully. 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略 4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 语态 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： We bought some books. （改成被动语态) 语态 主语 谓语 宾语 Some books were bought by us. 非谓语动词用法 按例句把下面句子改成被动语态。 My mother sweeps the floor every day. Anna can take good care of the cats. They can sing some beautiful songs. The floor is swpet by my mother every day. The cats can be taken care of by Anna. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 1. (2025年新课标1卷) “The players’ personalities 60. ________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：她补充道：“比赛期间棋手的性格被揭露，同时缺点也暴露于对手面前。 分析句子可知，reveal作谓语动词，根据are exposed可知是一般现在时，结合句意 “性格被揭露”可知是被动语态，故填are revealed. 真题再现 are revealed 2. (2024年新课标2卷) Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, 61. _______(build) at the Firs Garden... 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：两年后，受到《牡丹亭》的启发，这个六米高的亭子被建立。分析句子可知build作谓语，结合前文可知是一般过去时，根据句意可知是被动语态，故填was built. 真题再现 was built 3. (2024年全国甲卷) What should 45. ________(do) with such a beautiful place? 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：在这样美丽的地方，应该做点什么呢？分析句子可知，what 作主语, 与do之间关系表被动，又因情态动词should, 故填be done。 真题再现 be done 4. (2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 65.___________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：卡尔森证明说一种历经岁月流传下来的简单的抒情形式，如今仍可以被用于强调重要的真理。分析句子可知，employ作主句的谓语, 与主语a simple lyric form在逻辑关系上表被动，又因前面有情态动词can, 故填be employed。 真题再现 be employed 5. (2023年浙江一月卷) Citizens of higher social classes 59. ________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：高等阶级的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子可知，permit作谓语，与主语citizens之间表被动，结合全文可知是一般过去时，故填were permitted。 真题再现 were permitted 6. (2022年浙江一月卷) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like--- frequently by plane--- 57. ___________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：参加会议、讲座、研讨会之类的活动---通常乘坐飞机出行---被视为科学家们相聚交流信息的重要方式。分析句子可知，view在句子充当谓语，与主语travelling to...(动名词短语作主语谓语动词是单数)之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知是一般现在时，故填is viewed。 真题再现 is viewed 7. (2021年全国甲卷) It 1. ________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：在唐朝时期，它最初被建造是为了保护这座城市，现在已经完成被修复。分析句子可知，build作谓语动词，与主语it(指上文中提到的西安城墙)是被动关系, 又因时间状语in the Tang dynasty表示一般过去时，故填was built。 真题再现 was built 8. (2020新课标全国1卷) ...because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. _____________ (construct). 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何被建造的信息。分析句子可知，construct作how引导宾语从句的谓语，与主语the moon之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知是一般现在时，故填is constructed。 真题再现 is constructed 9. (2020新课标全国3卷) The artist was sure he would 3. ___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：这位画家很确定他会被选上，但是当他把他的作品呈递给皇上的宰相时，这位老人笑了。分析句子可知，choose作宾语从句的谓语，与主语he之间是被动关系，又因情态动词would，故填be chosen。 真题再现 be chosen 10. (2019新课标全国3卷) On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9. ___________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm... 解析: 考查被动语态。句意：在我们为期一周的停留的最后一天。我们被邀请去参加在一个农场的私人音乐会。分析句子可知，invite作谓语，与主语we之间是被动关系，根据时间状语on the last day of our week-long stay可知是一般过去时，故填were invited。 真题再现 were invited 再见 $