Unit1 Friendship 知识清单-2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

课程主题： 8AU1 Friendship（上） 学习目标 1.掌握8A U1 Welcome到reading部分的重点词汇和句型； 2.掌握形容词比较级和最高级的用法。 教学内容 【互动精讲】 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】What makes your friend so special?（教材P7） make v. _________________________________ _________________ 使某人怎样 _________________ 让某人做某事 【例题精讲】 1. The round glasses make him funny. 2. What he says makes us laugh happily. 【课堂练习】 1. Mr Wu often tells us ______ (fun) stories and makes us ______(laugh). 2. What ______a good student? A. do you make B. make you C. makes you D. you make 3. His words made me very _______just now. A. sadly B. sad C. sadness D. sadder 4. The small round _______(glass) make him _______(look) smart. 【知识梳理2】Tell the truth（教材P7） tell the truth ___________________ truth 名词,意思是___________ 形容词是 ___________ 副词是___________ 辨析：tell, speak, say, talk tell: 告诉，辨别 ________说谎；_______说笑话；_____________ 辨别不同之处 speak: 说话，演讲 ____________说英语 _____________和某人说话 say: 说，讲；后面跟说话的具体内容 ___________ 说个句子 talk: 谈话，讨论 __________________跟某人讨论某事 【例题精讲】 1.Tom can’t say it in Chinese because he can’t speak Chinese. Can he tell you the story in English? 2.You should tell the truth to your father. That will show you are honest 【课堂练习】 1．—Excuse me. Could you ________ this word in English? —Yes. I can ________ English well. And I am very good at ________ English stories. A．say; speak; telling B．tell; speak; talking C．speak; say; telling D．say; speak; talking 2．Millie can’t ________ it in Chinese because she can’t ________ Chinese. Can she ________ us the story in English? A．speak; say; tell B．say; speak; tell C．tell; speak; say D．say; tell; speak 3.Mother always educates her children to tell the t________ (事实). 4.To tell the _________(true), I am under great stress before exams. 【知识梳理3】Humorous---Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh.（教材P7） 1.humorous 形容词 意思是___________ 名词形式是___________ be humorous的同义短语是______________________ 2.tell jokes 讲笑话 短语：讲好玩的笑话_________________________ 3.be good at 意思是_____________，后面接_____________或者_____________； 同义短语是__________________________ 她擅长拉小提琴。_____________________________________=_____________________________________ 他擅长和别人聊天吗？ _______________________________________=_______________________________________ 【例题精讲】 1.Mr Crisp is such a humorous teacher that his class is always full of laughter. 2.I think Helen is funny because she often tells me jokes and makes me laugh. 【课堂练习】 1.Among the three actors, Mr Black is ________ (humor). 2.My father used to be serious, but he is very ________ now and often tells us funny jokes. (humor) 3.He tells his classmates a ________ (笑话) and they all laugh loudly. 4.Judy is good at ________ (climb) the mountain. 【知识梳理4】They should also be honest. They don’t lie to you, so you can trust them.（教材P7） 1.honest 形容词 诚实的 反义词______________________ 一个诚实的男孩_______________________ 2.lie 动词 说谎；动词过去式是___________；doing形式是___________ 短语：对某人说谎____________________ lie 名词 谎言 短语：说谎____________________ lie 动词 躺 动词过去式是____________；doing形式是____________ 3.trust 动词 相信；信任 短语：信任某人________________ 【例题精讲】 1.Ms.Judy trusted her students completely and they never let her down. 2.I know he is an honest boy and it’s impossible for him to lie. 【课堂练习】 1.The teacher always tells the students that it is ________ to cheat in the exam. (honest) 2.You should ________(信任) yourself and your abilities, for self-confidence is the key that overcomes difficulties. 3.He feels so sorry that he ________ (说谎) to his parents that morning. 【知识梳理5】---I agree.They can help you become a better person. ---Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class.（教材P7） 1.agree 动词 同意 反义词是____________ 短语：同意某人的观点________________ 同意做某事___________________ 拓展：agree的名词形式是____________ 2.share 动词 分享 短语：与某人分享某物____________________ 3.thought 名词 意思是_____________________ 翻译：我很愿意和你分享我的想法。 ____________________________________________________________ 注意：thought作为名词时，和动词think的过去式拼写一样。 【例题精讲】 1.Some scientists agree that it may take hundreds of years to make robots think like humans. 2.I wrote a new diary entry to record my thoughts and feelings today. 【课堂练习】 1.We all agreed ________ (have) a picnic in the countryside. 2.Some students agree to hold a party for Christmas, but others _________ (agree) because it’s not a Chinese traditional festival. 3.Thanks for sharing your ____________ (想法) on this passage. They are really helpful. 第二部分 Reading 【知识梳理6】 Betty,my best friend, is a slim girl with bright eyes. Her hair is longer than mine, and she usually wears her hair in a ponytail.（教材P8） 1.slim 形容词 苗条的 短语：又高又苗条____________________ slim的比较级是____________________，最高级是____________________ 翻译：她比我苗条。她是我们班级最苗条的。 ____________________________________________________________ 2.Her hair is longer than mine. 这里的mine是名词性物主代词，在这里相当于____________________ 比较级句子中一定要注意前后对比的事物要一致； 翻译：我的房间比她的大。 ________________________________________ 【例题精讲】 1.I thought she would be a small and slim lady, but in fact she is the opposite. 2.Gina’s handwriting is better than mine , so my mother always asks me to learn from her. 【课堂练习】 1.After months of regular exercise, she became much ________ (slim) than her sister. 2.You have more rulers than ________. But mine are nicer than ________. A．mine; yours B．my; you C．me; yours 【知识梳理7】Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our homework.（教材P8） 1.be ready to do sth 意思是____________________；同义短语是____________________ 2.give up her seat to sb.意思是____________________ give up 意思是____________________，后面接____________________ 短语：戒烟____________________ 3.helpful 形容词 意思是____________________ helpless意思是____________________ 形容词-ful和-less后缀一般互为反义词，例如 meaningful____________________ meaningless____________________ useful____________________ useless____________________ 【例题精讲】 1. Sun Yingsha, a famous table tennis player, never gives up her dream even in the most difficult moment. 2.I’m always ready to help others. 【课堂练习】 1.She never gives up ________ (climb) Mount Qomolangma. 2.There is no doubt that children are ________ at home. (help) 【知识梳理8】Betty is also trustworthy. When something worries me, I always go to her. She is patient enough to listen to me and understand me quite well.（教材P8） 1.trustworthy 表示 值得信赖的、可靠的，用来形容人或事物可以让人放心、不怀疑。 放在名词前作定语： 一个值得信赖的朋友________________________ 可靠的信息________________________ 放在系动词后作表语： The company has always been trustworthy in its business.这家公司在业务上一直很可靠。 2.worry 动词 令人担忧 形容词是_____________ 动词短语：担心某人_____________；同义短语是__________________________ 3.enough 放在名词前面，形容词副词后面 翻译：冰箱里有足够的牛奶。_______________________________________ 翻译：他年龄足够大去上学了。_______________________________________ 【例题精讲】 1.China is a trustworthy and responsible country. 2.Don’t worry if you feel a little nervous. 【课堂练习】 1.If you are ________ (worry) about something, you fear something bad may happen. 2.Mum, don’t ________________ me. I’ll take good care of myself. (担心) 3.When something_____________ you, I will always help you, so don’t _____________ it. A .worry about；worry B.worry；worry about C.worries；worry about D.worries；worry 【知识梳理9】She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down.（教材P8） cheer sb up 使某人振作 翻译：我难过时会听音乐让自己振作。 ___________________________________________________ 用在祈使句中鼓励他人： ____________________________________________________振作起来！我们下次再试。 【例题精讲】 I missed the chance to perform in the school play, and it feels like a stone pulling me down. —Cheer up!There will be more chances in the future. 【课堂练习】 When I was in a bad mood, my teachers and classmates often come to help me ________. (振作起来) 【知识梳理10】Max has a great sense of humor.You will never feel bored with him around.（教材P9） 1.sense n. 感觉，感官；观念 v. 感觉到，觉察到 【常用短语】 ________________ 方向感 _____________________ 常识 2._________________ n. 幽默 _________________adj. 幽默的 3.bored 形容词 无聊的 _______________v. 使厌烦 _______________adj. 无聊的（用于修饰某人的心情 ，常见搭配 feel/be bored _______对...感到厌倦） _______________ adj. 无聊的(用于修饰某件事) 【例题精讲】 1. I never feel bored when he is with me. 2.They speak in a humorous way and make jokes about each other whenever they meet. 【课堂练习】 1．My father has a very good sense of ________. He never gets lost in a strange city even if it is dark. A．pronunciation B．direction C．expression D．tradition 2．—Why did the manager choose Alex for the team leader? —He has a strong sense of ______. He always finishes tasks on time. A．direction B．humor C．safety D．duty 3．The performer used a _____________(humor) way of describing the most boring situations. 4．—Do you think the film is___________ (无聊的)? —Oh, I don’t think so. 【知识梳理11】Max is very energetic. He stays active from doing sports to other club activities and never seems to get tired.（教材P9） 1.energetic 形容词 精力充沛的 名词形式是___________________ 短语：be energetic=___________________ 2.stay active from... to.... 从...到...都很积极 active 形容词 积极的 反义词是___________________ 副词是____________________ 名词 活动___________________ 动词 行动___________________ 【例题精讲】 1.Your grandparents look energetic. What is their secret of staying fit? 2.Remember to communicate with your family members actively.  【课堂练习】 1.Doing exercise can help to keep us healthy and ________ (积极的). 2.Puppies are naturally _________, always ready to play and explore. (energy) 【知识梳理12】Sometimes I feel like giving up on some difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying. That means a lot to me.（教材P9） 1.encourage 动词 鼓励 短语：鼓励某人做某事___________________ 名词形式___________________； 短语：给予我鼓励___________________ 2.It means a lot 意思是___________________ 同义短语有___________________ 【例题精讲】 1.The government is encouraging people to lose weight and live healthier lives. 2.Every drop of water means a lot to us. 【课堂练习】 1.Our parents always ________ (鼓励) and support us to achieve our dreams. 2.Thanks for your ________ (encourage). I will keep ________ (try). 第三部分 Grammar 形容词比较级和最高级 【知识梳理1】形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成方法 大多数形容词有三个等级：①原级，即原形：②比较级, 表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思；③最高级，表示“最……”的意 ◆形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法： ◆不规则变化 【巩固练习】 1. nice _________    2. fat _________   3. slow _________   4. dry _________ 5. happy _________  6. wet _________  7. much _________  8. ill_________ 9. little _________   10. bad _________ 11. thin _________ 12. far _________ 13. early _________ 14. careful________  15. exciting_______16.well______ 17. green _________18. few________  19.busy_______ 【知识梳理2】形容词副词比较级的用法 (1)形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、.动词、动词不定式、ing结构和ed结构。 (2)形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不”。 eg: important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 (3)一方随另一方的程度而变化时用the+比较级，the+比较级。表示“越…… 就越…… ” (4)本身程度发生改变时用“形容词比较级 + and + 同一个形容词比较级”。表示 “越来越……”。 (5)比较级前可用a little, a bit, a lot, far, much, even等词语表示超过另一方的程度。 (6)表示一方比另一方更…… 多少时，可以在比较级前加名词。 (7)当两者比较，只出现一方，且句中含有of the two时，比较级前要加the,表示特指两者当中较…… 的一个。 【巩固练习】 1. we get together, we’ll be. A. The more; the happier B. The much; the happy C. The happier; the happier D. The more; the happiest 2. I’m her best friend. I know her well——probably ________ than anyone else. A. less B. wider C. better D. deeper 3. Which is (long), a pencil or a ruler? 4. --- Is Lucy’s home ________away from school than Millie’s? --- Yes, it is. Lucy lives two miles away but Millie lives nearby. A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest 【知识梳理3】形容词副词最高级的用法 (1)三者或三者以上相比, 表示最高程度时, 用 “the+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句” 的结构表示 其中表示范围的介词使用规律为：of或among接个体数量；in接范围。 (2)用于特殊句型中，如：one of +最高级+名词复数。 (3)用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。 在这种情况下，往往是将一个人或是一件事与其他所有的人、物或其他任意一个人、物进行比较。自己不可以与自己相比较，所以常在状语中用any 、other 、else类的字眼。 (4)形容词的最高级可以和序数词连用，表示“第……个最……（但是最高级前不能加first） 【巩固练习】 1. Everything we’ve seen and heard in Beijing is _____________in the history of the Olympic Games. A. the most exciting B. more exciting C. more exciting than D. most exciting 2. --- Which of those radios sounds ________? --- The smallest one. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【课堂练习】 一、单项选择 1．Which is ______, a pencil or a pen? A．cheap B．cheaper C．more cheaper D．cheapest 2．The box is ______ of the three boxes, I think. A．the heavy B．the heavier C．the heaviest D．heaviest 3．---What bad weather!    ---Yes. The radio says it will be even ______ later on. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 4．His wring is ______ better than mine, I think. A．more B．very C．a lot of D．much 5．John is cleverer than ______ in his class. A．all the boys B．the all girls C．all the other boys D．all boys and girls 6．Lucy’s hair is ______ of the two girls. A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longer 7．The Changjiang River is one of ______ in the world. A．the long river B．the longest river C．the longest rivers D．longest rivers 8．I think Maths is not ________ science. A．so easy as B．less easy C．easier D．as easier as 9．Betty is _______careful as I, but I’m _______ than you. A．as; much careful B．so; more careful C．as; much more careful D．so; very careful 10．The weather is becoming_______. A．hotter and hotter B．more hot and hot C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot 11．When spring comes, the days get________. A．short and short B．shorter and shorter C．long and long D．longer and longer 12．If you want to be________, you have to eat________ food and take ___________ exercise. A．thinner; less; more B．thinner; little; more C．thin; few; enough D．thinner; fewer; less 13．________ exercise you take, ________ you’ll be. A．The fewer; the fatter B．The less; the fatter C．The less; the more fat 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 14．. I am (thin) than Kitty. 15．. Summer is the (hot) season in a year. 16．China is one of (large) countries in the world. 17．Who has the (many) books, Tom, Amy or Daniel? 18．Those flowers are much (beautiful) than these ones. 19．The busier he is, the (happy) he feels. 20．The piano is too (expensive). I don’t have enough money to pay for it. 三、同义句转换，每空一词 21．My English is better than David’s. David’s English is . 22．Chinese is more important than any other subject. Chinese is of all the subjects. 23．Amy is the slimmest of the six girls. Amy is the other five girls. 【温故知新】 一、单项选择 1．You have to be ________ and wait until I finish my work. A．active B．patient               C．honest D．natural 2．This flower is ________ in the whole garden. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 3．The film is ________ one I have ever seen. A．good B．well C．better D．the best 4．It is reported that playing tennis is ________ than before among the teenagers. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 5．—Which is ______ salt lake in Qaidam Basin? —The Chaka Salt Lake. I’m sure about it. A．small B．smaller C．the smallest D．the small 6．What a(n) ______ teacher! Her jokes always make everyone laugh. A．honest B．generous C．patient D．humorous 7．I have to call a taxi because the box was much ________ than I thought. A．heavy B．heavier C．more heavily D．the heaviest 8．—Tim, do you think time is money?   —Yes, but I think it is ________ money. A．more important than B．very important as C．the same as D．not important as 二、单词拼写 9．Helping others is one of the of happiness. (秘诀) 10．I had to stay one more day in Capital Airport by the haze (雾霾) in years. (bad) 11．The child looks (happy) after dropping his ice-cream on the road. 12．Shanghai is one of the (popular) cities in the world. 13．With the (encourage) of his teacher, Tom became more confident in learning English. 14．They found out the t (真相) by doing a lot of experiments. 15．Last year he often felt b (烦闷的) with his study and his grades. 16．She is an (honesty) girl, so we all trust her. 17．Among the three actors, Mr Black is (humor). 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $