Unit 2 Success Lesson 3 Getting to the Top 词汇讲解 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit [Lesson 3] 1. extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ n.极端 adj.极端的，极其的 2. strive/straɪv/ vi. 奋斗；努力 strive for 为…奋斗 We encourage all members to strive for the highest standard. strive to do 努力做某事 Newspaper editors all strive to be first with a story. strive against 与...作斗争 Striving against corruption is the responsibility for all of the officials. 3.encyclopedia /ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdiə/ n.百科全书 4.entry /ˈentri/ n. 条目；进入； [词形转换] 1）enter v. 进入 enter for 报名参加 2）entrance n. 入口 the entrance to… …的入口 gain entrance to 获得进入…的许可 5.academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ adj.学术的 academy n.研究院，学会 6. ruin/ˈruːɪn/ vt.毁掉；糟蹋；毁坏 n. 毁坏；破产；残垣断壁，废墟；遗迹 in ruins 变为废墟 7. skip /skɪp/ vt. 不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走 skip-skipped-skipped 8. defensive /dɪˈfensɪv/ adj. 戒备的，自卫的 [词形转换] 1）defence n. 防御；保护；辩护 in defense of… 保卫/捍卫/保护…；为…辩护 There are many soldiers who died in defense of our country. 2）defend v.（在比赛中）防守，防卫；保卫；为…辩解 defend oneself (against/ from) 自卫；自我辩护 They help the body defend itself from some kinds of infections. defend…against/ from… 保护…免受… The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea. 3）defender n. 后卫；防守队员；守卫者 4）defendant n. 被告人 9.element /ˈelɪmənt/ n. 基本部分，要素 elemental adj.基本的，基础的 10.workout /ˈwɜːkaʊt/ n. 训练，锻炼 work out 一词多义： 锻炼，健身；成功地发展；计算出；制订出；理解，弄明白，解决 【归纳】 由短语转化而来的词汇: break down 出故障→ breakdown n. 故障 take off 起飞→ take-off n. 起飞 break out 爆发→ outbreak n. 爆发 wear out 磨损→ wornout adj. 破烂不堪的 11. intensity/ɪnˈtensəti/ n. 强度；强烈 He was watching her with an intensity that was unnerving. [词形转换] 1） intense adj. 强烈的；激烈的；热切的 12. selfish /ˈselfɪʃ/ adj. 自私的 [词形转换] (1) selfishly adv. 自私地 (2) selfless adj. 无私的 (3) selfishness n. 自私 13. sacrifice /ˈsækrəfaɪs/ n. 牺牲；祭品 make sacrifices (to do/ for…)（为…）做出牺牲 Chinese medical teams have made tremendous sacrifices to prevent the spread of the disease. 2）v. 牺牲，献出；献祭 sacrifice A for B 为了B而牺牲A A good soldier sacrificed his life for his country. sacrifice…to do 牺牲…去做某事 She sacrificed her career to bring up the children. 14.countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 [词形转换] (1) count v. 数数 15. hire /ˈhaɪə(r)/ v. 租用；聘用 16.triathlete /traɪˈæθliːt/ n. 铁人三项运动员 17. boil /bɔɪl/ v. （使）沸腾，煮沸 18.boil down to sth. 归结为 19.enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的 20.stay in 待在家里 (1) = stay at home 待在家里 (2) stay up 熬夜 (3) stay healthy 保持健康 (4) stay awake 保持清醒 21. length /leŋθ/ n. 长度 in length 长度 The river is 300 miles in length. at length 详尽地 He quoted at length from the report. [词形转换] 1） long adj. 长的 2） lengthen vt/vi延长 adj. n. v. long      长的 length lengthen wide      宽的 width widen high       高的 height heighten deep      深的 depth deepen broad   宽阔的 breadth broaden 22.rugby /ˈrʌɡbi/ n.（英式）橄榄球 23. apply oneself to sth. 努力；专心致志于 We applied ourselves to finding solution to our problem. [归纳拓展] apply 1）申请 apply (to…) for…（向…）申请… We have applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project. 2）涂，敷，按；应用，运用；涉及；有关 apply…to… 把..敷到..上 Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. apply to… 适用于…；涉及… [词形转换] 1 ) apply v.申请 2）application n. 申请；应用软件 3）applicant n. 申请人 4）applied adj. 应用的；实用的 24. apart /əˈpɑːt/ adj./adv. 分开，散开 (1) set sb apart from 使与众不同 (2) apart from 除……之外 25 . set sb/sth apart 使与众不同 26.platform /ˈplætfɔːm/ n. 月台；舞台 27. injure /ˈɪndʒəd/ v. 使受伤，弄伤；伤害 She injured her arm in the accident. [词形转换] 1）injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的 be/ get seriously/ slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 2) injury n. 损伤；伤害 28.outstanding /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/ adj. 杰出的，优秀的 29. average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ 1）n. 平均；平均数 on average 平均地 Remembering 70 new words a week means remembering only ten words a day on average. 2）adj. 平均地；正常的；普通的 30. normal /ˈnɔːm(ə)l/ adj. 正常的，平均的 [词形转换] abnormal adj. 不正常的 normally adv. 正常地 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $