Unit 1 语法(复合不定代词)培优讲义 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）英语八年级上册

人教八上Unit 1语法(复合不定代词)培优讲义 一、复合不定代词的构成 复合不定代词由some/any/no/every + thing/one/body构成,常见的有: 指人:someone(某人)、anyone(任何人)、no one(没人)、everyone(每个人)。 指物:something(某物、某事)、anything(任何事)、nothing(没什么事)、everything(一切)。 二、基本用法 (一)肯定句中 some - 类复合不定代词(someone/something):用于肯定句, 表示 “某……”。 But I _ _ _.但我遇到了某个有趣的人。 I_ _ _yesterday.我昨天吃了某样美味的东西。 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,用 something,someone,somebody 等复合不定代词。 你想喝点什么吗?(邀请) Would you like _ _ _? 你能给我找个人帮我吗?(请求) Could you give me_ _ _ me? 你的计划难道没有问题吗?(反问) Isn't there_ _ _your plan? every - 类复合不定代词(everyone/everything):用于肯定句, 表示 “每……;一切”。 _ _ _.每个人都喜欢它。 _ _ _.一切尝起来都很好。 (二)否定句 / 疑问句中 any - 类复合不定代词(anyone/anything):用于否定句或疑问句, 表示 “任何……”。 I_ _ _ in the room.我在房间里没看到任何人。 Did you _ _ _on your holiday?你假期做了任何有趣的事吗? 当 anything 表示 “任何事(物),无论何事(物)”,anyone,anybody 表示 “无论谁,任何人” 等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。 You can _ _ _. 你可以问我任何问题。 _ _ _ it. 任何人都能做这件事。 (三)no - 类复合不定代词(no one/nothing)表示 “没有……”,本身含否定意义,用于肯定句中表否定概念。 No, _ _.不,没什么特别的。 _ _ came to the party.没人来参加派对。 三、修饰语的位置 复合不定代词的修饰语(形容词、不定式等)要后置。 Did you _ _ _?你去了任何有趣的地方吗? I have something important _ _ _.我有重要的事要告诉你。 四、主谓一致,复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Someone _ _ _you at the door.有人在门口等你。 _ _ _.一切都准备好了。 五、易混点辨析 someone vs anyone someone 用于肯定句; anyone 用于否定句 / 疑问句 There is someone in the room.(肯定句); _ _ _ in the room?(疑问句) something vs anything something 用于肯定句;anything 用于否定句 / 疑问句 I have something to say.(肯定句); Do you have_ _ _?(疑问句) no one vs none no one 仅指人,回答 who 引导的问句;none 可指人或物,回答 how many/much 引导的问句 —Who is in the room? —No one.(指人); —How many books are there? —None.(指物) 六、练一练 (一)用适当的复合不定代词填空 1.Did you buy _ special for your parents? 2._ in our class likes English songs. 3.There's _ wrong with my bike. I can't ride it. 4.—Is _ here? —No, Jim is late. 5.I can't find my pen. Maybe _ took it by mistake. (二)按要求改写句子 1.I saw someone in the park.(改为否定句) I _ see _ in the park. 2.Everything is OK.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ OK? 3.She has something important to do.(改为否定句) She _ have _ important to do. (三)翻译句子 1.昨天我在某个有趣的地方拍了照。 _ 2.任何人都能回答这个问题。 _ 3.没有什么能阻止我学习。 _ 4.我在假期做了某件有趣的事。 _ 5.他没遇到任何有趣的人。 _ 6.我们没去任何有趣的地方。 _ 7.她和某个人一起去的。 _ 8.他们没吃任何特别的东西。 _ 9.一切都进展得不好。 _ 10.你想要点吃的吗? _ 答案 (一) 1.anything 2.Everyone 3.something 4.everyone 5.someone (二) 1.didn't; anyone 2.Is everything 3.doesn't; anything (三) 1.I took photos somewhere interesting yesterday. 2.Anyone can answer this question. 3.Nothing can stop me from studying. 4.I did something interesting on my holiday. 5.He didn't meet anyone interesting. 6.We didn't go anywhere interesting. 7.She went with someone. 8.They didn't eat anything special. 9.Everything didn't go well. 10.Would you like something to eat? 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $