专题01 完形填空（期中真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语上学期

专题01 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京理工附中·期中） On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his 1 . On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved through his body. “Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!” Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee technique from his high school football days. Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. 5 , he felt a powerful electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 . “Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform. Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim regained 7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s. The evening news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life. To many, Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety. 1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt 2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood 3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record 4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling 5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly 6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails 7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control 8．A．look ahead B．take over C．get around D．keep away 9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting 10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京顺义区一中·期中） I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitain, a huge rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew immediately I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion ever since —— 11 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my home. About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 12 , like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area. It’s beyond me why visitors started respecting the place 13 and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way. I tried 14 trash myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I decided something had to change. In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 15 . On that day, more than 300 people 16 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to achieve. I couldn’t believe the 17 we made — the park looked clean! Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash. I often hear people 18 about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by 19 rather than complaining. We need to teach by 50 . 11．A．imagining B．painting C．climbing D．describing 12．A．material B．waste C．resources D．goods 13．A．less B．most C．more D．least 14．A．throwing away B．digging out C．breaking down D．picking up 15．A．party B．cleanup C．picnic D．concert 16．A．showed up B．dropped out C．looked around D．called back 17．A．plan B．visit C．difference D．contact 18．A．talk B．argue C．complain D．quarrel 19．A．thinking B．doing C．questioning D．watching 20．A．method B．explanation C．research D．example 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京顺义牛栏山一中·期中） In the tenth grade, my peers gave me a nickname that stuck until graduation: “Dictionary.” It all started the day my teacher announced a national spelling bee competition. Determined to win, I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English. In a 21 attempt to memorize the most words possible, I began reading day and night. During the competition, I misspelled one word. The pain over this defeat was so great that — to this day — I still 22 the word: “graffiti.” However, not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only 23 my determination to study harder. Later, my school was participating in a French dictation competition hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty 24 to an education. French isn’t my first language, so I 25 the books even harder. I spent all my free time studying. In the competition, I scored the highest in my school! I felt so proud. That joy was 26 because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write. In the final, I took the fifth place. Although it wasn’t what I had dreamed of, it was quite 27 ! Besides the award, I acquired the 28 that I’d use for the rest of my life, such as persistence and critical thinking. And I found that whether we are generating 29 for ourselves or for others, we never know what can be the catalyst (催化剂) of a brilliant future. Sometimes, that catalyst can be as 30 as a book. 21．A．successful B．fruitless C．lame D．desperate 22．A．repeat B．learn C．prefer D．remember 23．A．showed B．strengthened C．shook D．tested 24．A．access B．freedom C．attention D．devotion 25．A．took B．pulled C．hit D．pressed 26．A．doubled B．spread C．transformed D．obtained 27．A．obvious B．average C．close D．familiar 28．A．rules B．abilities C．methods D．ideas 29．A．interest B．reaction C．power D．change 30．A．simple B．huge C．famous D．useful 主题03 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京广渠门中学·期中） The moment Kareem went into the waiting room, his nervousness increased dramatically. Mateo, his opponent, was sitting there, with his 31 resting on his knee. The two would 32 for the last opening at the music school. Kareem could tell Mateo was 33 , just like he’d always been. Kareem sat and closed his eyes, trying to ignore Mateo’s calmness, a sharp contrast to his own 34 . To relieve the tension, Kareem began tuning his guitar. Suddenly a deafening noise came and Kareem froze at the noise. A broken E string 35 from Kareem’s guitar. He’d over-tightened the string, causing it to break. Then, he 36 his bag for another set of strings. 37 , Kareem brought no strings for replacement. As his turn was approaching, Kareem felt 38 . Now there was no choice. He stood up slowly and walked to Mateo,“Would you happen to have a spare E string?” Mateo shook his head, “Sorry.” Kareem nodded and whispered that he understood. Just then Kareem’s name was called. He was rooted to the ground and was about to quit when he noticed Mateo’s arm outstretched, holding his guitar out to him. “Here, use mine,” Kareem’s mouth 39 as Mateo added, “Do your best, man.” The professor asked Kareem what to play. He hesitated, “I’ll be playing Bach’s Bourree in E minor, with my...my friend’s guitar.“ As Kareem walked toward the stage door, he looked back at Mateo with a shared 40 as if to say they were friends. 31．A．coat B．phone C．guitar D．book 32．A．compete B．vote C．argue D．stand 33．A．active B．popular C．ready D．proud 34．A．sorrow B．anxiety C．shame D．anger 35．A．showed up B．came back C．fell apart D．hung down 36．A．spotted B．searched C．packed D．held 37．A．Simply B．Naturally C．Sadly D．Seriously 38．A．hopeless B．careless C．guilty D．lonely 39．A．hurt B．shut C．watered D．dropped 40．A．smile B．hope C．interest D．view 主题04 人与自然——宠物 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京第八十中学·期中） A Labrador has been doing an important job to help people stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight-year-old Roby runs through the streets of the hilly city of Medellin several times a day with a 41 in his jaws, taking vegetables, fruit and packaged foods to customers of the Fresh4U mini-market. “He helps us to maintain social distancing,” said Roby’ owner, Sherry Botero. “And people 42 it when we send the dog.” Roby enjoys eating carrots 43 to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food. Roby wasn’t always a star. He was accepted into the family 44 by Ms Botero after repeated requests by her son to 45 a dog. But Ms Botero quickly 46 with the dog. And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries. Roby can’t read 47 . But he remembers the names of customers who have previously rewarded him with treats. And with some practice, he has learned to go to their houses on his own. “He knows the names of five or six of our customers,” Ms Botero said, “So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket, and my customers 48 me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).” Roby might not know that he’s become an 49 worker. But he is happy to help his owner and 50 his daily pay. 41．A．bag B．chain C．basket D．stick 42．A．respect B．love C．follow D．notice 43．A．gifted B．returned C．lent D．donated 44．A．intentionally B．regretfully C．immediately D．unwillingly 45．A．adopt B．train C．adore D．walk 46．A．got away B．kept in touch C．caught up D．fell in love 47．A．minds B．addresses C．numbers D．receipts 48．A．treat B．help C．pay D．impress 49．A．essential B．honest C．optimistic D．adventurous 50．A．spend B．calculate C．collect D．increase 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京人大附中·期中） My brother and I were driving home together and we were deep in conversation. Because of his 51 my brother took a wrong turn, taking us towards a bridge and we had no way to turn back. 52 , my brother paid the bridge fee and drove on. He was clearly frustrated by the mistake and the 53 waste of $4. We eventually reached an exit slipway and, as we took it, my brother 54 a beat-up black car parked by the side of the road. A young guy was standing nearby 55 someone. I was busy trying to figure out which way we went next but my brother 56 and asked the guy if he needed any help. And he did. He had a(n) 57 tire and needed a tool to get it off. My brother gave it to him and then proceeded to help him change the tire. After we finished the job, he thanked us again and again, pulled out $20 and tried to give it to us. “No.” my brother said. “We were never 58 to even get on that bridge. We took a wrong turn. But now we know why we did. It was to help you. Thank you for turning our mistake into a(n) 59 to serve.” What I loved most was watching my brother throughout this process. He was able to see a chance to help even in an otherwise 60 situation, which can only come from a calm mind and an open heart. 51．A．happiness B．carelessness C．selfishness D．weakness 52．A．Nervously B．Immediately C．Unwillingly D．Unfortunately 53．A．unusual B．hateful C．hopeless D．needless 54．A．repaired B．noticed C．struck D．helped 55．A．phoning B．reminding C．greeting D．recalling 56．A．pulled together B．pulled away C．pulled over D．pulled through 57．A．flat B．empty C．old D．dirty 58．A．supposed B．forced C．allowed D．required 59．A．wish B．ability C．belief D．opportunity 60．A．dangerous B．destructive C．expensive D．negative Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京八一学校·期中） There are a lot of homeless people in the world. But 61 there are also a lot of giving people who are willing to help out. One lady in particular, Karine Gombeau from Paris, France, is one of these people. Gombeau, 42 years old, was on vacation with her husband and their 15-year-old son in New York. They were near Grand Central Station in Manhattan when she 62 a homeless man, wearing a ski cap, digging 63 the garbage. What was he doing? He was looking for his next 64 . Being the kind-hearted person she is, she decided to help this man out. She had just finished eating pizza with her family and had some extra, so she chose to give it to the man. She even 65 for the pizza being cold. She went on with her life thinking that 66 was out of the ordinary until a couple of days later, at her hotel, a lady came running up to her with a newspaper. Gombeau was very 67 to see her picture in it along with a story. She suddenly 68 that the homeless man she had given the pizza to was actually a famous actor. Oddly enough, he was filming a movie in Grand Central Station when she 69 got involved. However, the actor didn’t even break character, saying “thank you” when Gombeau gave him the pizza. That was why she thought he was a homeless person! Gombeau said that her 70 to give the poor man the pizza was because she was sad to see so many homeless people living on the streets of New York. 61．A．normally B．luckily C．naturally D．gradually 62．A．stopped B．recognized C．remembered D．spotted 63．A．through B．for C．around D．over 64．A．cap B．bottle C．meal D．newspaper 65．A．answered B．complained C．joked D．apologized 66．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 67．A．surprised B．delighted C．satisfied D．disappointed 68．A．admitted B．claimed C．explained D．realized 69．A．mysteriously B．secretly C．mistakenly D．proudly 70．A．courage B．decision C．opportunity D．promise 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京交大附中·期中） Reaching Impossible Heights Xia, 69, reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world on May14th,2018. What’s remarkable, however, is that Xia has no 71 of his own. Xia was chosen by the Chinese mountaineering team in 1974 and together with his teammates, Xia climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1975. However, they were trapped in a snowstorm just 200 meters below the peak and were forced to go down the hill. Eventually, nine climbers 72 the top, but Xia suffered severe freezing cold and lost both his feet. He heard the news of his teammates’ success on the radio as he lay in bed in hospital awaiting the operation. “I was proud of my teammates, but I didn’t 73 to imagine my future of sitting in a wheelchair,” he said. He felt hopeless until a doctor told him that on artificial legs, he could live life like anyone else, and might even do quite a lot of physical exercise. He set a target: he would climb Qomolangma. The vision of the 74 came close to him. It gave him the courage and hope to 75 . Although it took Xia more than 40 years to realize his dream, he stayed less than 10 minutes at the top because of a storm. Facing into the wind, he 76 his body to carry on down the mountain. His artificial legs had no feeling and didn’t 77 as they should. He uses twice as much energy as fully-able mountaineers. Many times, his feet got 78 in cracks (裂缝) in the ice and his teammates had to help pull his legs out. His 79 is beyond most people’s imagination. When he was reported to have conquered (征服) Qomolangma, he replied, “It is Qomolangma that 80 me. Nature cannot be conquered, but people can.” 71．A．ears B．eyes C．legs D．arms 72．A．missed B．reached C．defended D．overcame 73．A．dare B．strive C．apply D．commit 74．A．memory B．recovery C．operation D．mountain 75．A．take on B．live on C．depend on D．pass on 76．A．shook B．warned C．allowed D．forced 77．A．fit B．switch C．prevent D．destroy 78．A．lost B．involved C．dressed D．stuck 79．A．patience B．independence C．contribution D．determination 80．A．accepts B．obsesses C．rejects D．blames Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京一零一中学·期中） I was an angry adolescent in my first years of college. One day I had a serious fight with my father. I saw him as 81 and wanted to break free. We both exploded in shouts and I stormed out of the house. As I ran across the campus towards the classroom, I suddenly realized that I didn’t have the assignment that was 82 : a thought card. Professor Simon had explained that every Tuesday we must hand in an index card, on which we wrote a thought, a concern, a question or anything that’s on our mind and that he would return the card every Wednesday with his 83 or answer on it. He stressed that the card was our 84 to class on Tuesdays. Now, I raced down the hallway, ten minutes late to class. Just outside the door, I took out an index card and wrote on it “I am the son of an idiot!”, as I could only think about the 85 I’d just had with my dad. Then I dashed into the room, handed the card and took my seat. The moment I reached my seat, I regretted telling him that about my dad. I didn’t want to 86 myself to him. Wednesday morning I got to the class early and 87 in the back. Professor Simon began returning our thought cards. On my card was written, “What does the ‘son of an idiot’ do with the rest of his life?” His question got right to the 88 of the issue: Whose problem was it? Whose responsibility was it? Professor Simon’s comment kept 89 in my mind over the next few weeks. Slowly, my thinking began to shift. My grades improved. My relationship with my father also improved 90 . Now I saw him as concerned and caring, instead of controlling. And it all started with a question, an innocent-seeming question. 81．A．controlling B．demanding C．frustrating D．confusing 82．A．bound B．proper C．tricky D．due 83．A．comment B．grade C．criticism D．standard 84．A．guide B．admission C．invitation D．contribution 85．A．conflict B．race C．talk D．deal 86．A．connect B．expose C．recommend D．introduce 87．A．stood B．froze C．cried D．hid 88．A．cause B．height C．heart D．surface 89．A．coming up B．raising up C．fixing up D．setting up 90．A．automatically B．mildly C．dramatically D．repeatedly Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京北师大附中·期中） Colleen and her husband were part of a group walking the Overland Track. It was the fifth day of a 6-day walk. The guide, who was waiting for them at the nearest camp, had 91 them about the slippery and potentially dangerous conditions. Colleen, an experienced adventurer from Sydney, was a naturally 92 walker. She walked in front of her husband and carefully checked the safety of the track when they were going down a steep slope (陡坡). Suddenly she heard a cracking sound from 93 . “When I realized what was happening, I was 94 to a deep ditch (沟壑), my pack on my back.” Colleen’s fall was only broken by the presence of a branch that stretched across the ditch and 95 her from a fall that could otherwise have been deadly. Colleen hit her head badly and went into 96 . She soon woke up and turned around to see her husband sitting stunned on the side of the track. He had 97 fallen from the top. He had first slipped above Colleen, and his full weight, with his pack, 98 down on top of her. He was uninjured, and Colleen was suspended on the branch. He reached out to grab Colleen’s arm. Colleen felt so 99 , the worst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life. She knew straight away that her arm was broken. Her husband took her pack along with his own and together they 100 for the final three kilometers to the camp. Once they reached the camp, the guide gave her first aid and called for the rescue helicopter immediately. Colleen was 101 to the nearest hospital by helicopter. She was 102 in the hospital and was told that her head and neck were okay, but her arm had been broken in four places. Later, Colleen recalled with emotion. “After this personal 103 of near-death and being saved, I realized that in some situations there’s absolutely no 104 to get to hospital, and the rescue helicopter was the only way. At that moment, the most wonderful noise was hearing the helicopter come. The helicopter rescue workers were so generous, so highly skilled as well. When they arrived with the policemen, I was never more 105 to see anyone in my whole life.” 91．A．interviewed B．warned C．asked D．taught 92．A．curious B．independent C．cautious D．patient 93．A．opposite B．ahead C．faraway D．above 94．A．jumping B．heading C．turning D．walking 95．A．hid B．released C．kept D．pulled 96．A．shock B．action C．silence D．panic 97．A．consequently B．immediately C．accidentally D．eventually 98．A．lay B．settled C．bent D．crashed 99．A．fearful B．painful C．regretful D．pitiful 100．A．prepared B．struggled C．searched D．competed 101．A．forced B．guided C．rushed D．invited 102．A．consulted B．cured C．assessed D．examined 103．A．experience B．training C．evaluation D．feeling 104．A．possibility B．privilege C．alternative D．necessity 105．A．honored B．grateful C．motivated D．confident Passage 1 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 （24-25学年高二上·北京第八中学·期中） Production of bottled water has grown over the past thirty years from nothing into a $16 billion-per-year business. However, more and more people have been against bottled water use, and environmentalists are 1 people to go back to the tap. The first reason why you should seriously think about 2 bottled water, they say, is that it’s bad for the environment. Producing plastic bottles 3 vast quantities of oil. As a result, factories create poisonous waste and send it into the environment. What is more, the vast majority of plastic water bottles aren’t 4 . In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills and send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned. In other words, bottled water is a major 5 to global warming. Secondly, the 6 of bottled water requires a lot of fuel. In the USA alone, one billion bottles of water are moved around each week in trucks, giving off polluting gases. In fact, some high-priced water is 7 from one side of the planet to the other. Finally, bottled water isn’t even better for your health. Tap water rules in many countries are far 8 than those for bottled water. Furthermore, tap water contains fluoride, which is added to help build strong teeth and prevent tooth decay(龋齿). Consequently, as the use of bottled water has 9 , tooth decay has become more serious. To sum up, by stopping the use of bottled water, and encouraging others to do so, you will be doing the planet an enormous 10 and benefiting your own health as well. 1．A．allowing B．training C．calling on D．commanding 2．A．giving up B．turning to C．preparing for D．believing in 3．A．creates B．attracts C．requires D．shares 4．A．sold B．recycled C．found D．limited 5．A．answer B．solution C．contributor D．service 6．A．test B．design C．competition D．transportation 7．A．shipped B．wasted C．developed D．collected 8．A．older B．fewer C．stricter D．simpler 9．A．dropped B．changed C．increased D．disappointed 10．A．contribution B．favor C．help D．assistance / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京理工附中·期中） On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his 1 . On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved through his body. “Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!” Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee technique from his high school football days. Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. 5 , he felt a powerful electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 . “Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform. Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim regained 7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s. The evening news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life. To many, Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety. 1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt 2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood 3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record 4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling 5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly 6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails 7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control 8．A．look ahead B．take over C．get around D．keep away 9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting 10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anthony Perry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A. manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A. current气流；电流；B. oxygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. blood血。根据上句“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! (在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shout呼喊；D. record记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。 4．考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A. Hoping希望；B. Assuming假设，认为；C. Complaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly leaped towards the victim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Normally通常，平常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“　　4　　 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A. train火车；B. crowds人群；C. platform平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks!( 在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength体力；B. balance平衡；C. consciousness意识；D. control控制，掌管。根据本句“he worked on the man’s heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。 8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. look ahead向前看；B. take over接管；C. get around规避，逃避；D. keep away远离，避开。根据上句“Then, first-aiders arrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A. providing提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A. generous慷慨的；B. grateful感谢的，感激的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 　　6　　.(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京顺义区一中·期中） I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitain, a huge rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew immediately I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion ever since —— 11 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my home. About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 12 , like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area. It’s beyond me why visitors started respecting the place 13 and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way. I tried 14 trash myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I decided something had to change. In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 15 . On that day, more than 300 people 16 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to achieve. I couldn’t believe the 17 we made — the park looked clean! Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash. I often hear people 18 about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by 19 rather than complaining. We need to teach by 50 . 11．A．imagining B．painting C．climbing D．describing 12．A．material B．waste C．resources D．goods 13．A．less B．most C．more D．least 14．A．throwing away B．digging out C．breaking down D．picking up 15．A．party B．cleanup C．picnic D．concert 16．A．showed up B．dropped out C．looked around D．called back 17．A．plan B．visit C．difference D．contact 18．A．talk B．argue C．complain D．quarrel 19．A．thinking B．doing C．questioning D．watching 20．A．method B．explanation C．research D．example 【答案】 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在约塞米蒂国家公园登山时发现游客扔了很多垃圾，于是他和其他志愿者收集垃圾，用实际行动改变公园环境的故事。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉就成了我一生的热情所在。A. imagining想象；B. painting绘画；C. climbing攀登；D. describing描述。根据前文“I touched that giant rock and knew immediately I wanted to climb it.”可知，作者想要攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉，说明攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉就成了作者一生的热情所在。故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约15年前，我开始在这个地区看到很多垃圾，比如啤酒罐、空盒子。A. material材料；B. waste废物；C. resources资源；D. goods商品。根据后文“Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.”可知，山上充满了垃圾。故选B项。 13．考查副词比较级和最高级词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，并且这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. less更少；B. most最多；C. more更多；D. least至少。根据前文“About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ______ , like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area.”可知，山上都是垃圾，推断出作者不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方。故选A项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试着自己捡垃圾，但这个工作量太大了。A. throwing away扔掉；B. digging out挖掘；C. breaking down破坏；D. picking up捡起。根据后文“In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash.”可知，作者起初是想要自己捡垃圾的，pick up在此处为原词复现。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2004年，我和一些登山者一起确定了清理的日期。A. party聚会；B. cleanup清理； C. picnic野餐；D. concert音乐会。根据后文“Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere.”可知，每年有志愿者上山做清理，推断出作者和登山者是要确定清理垃圾的日期，cleanup为原词复现。故选B项。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天，有300多人到场。A. showed up出现；B. dropped out辍学；C. looked around环顾四周；D. called back召回。根据前文“In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ______ .”可知，作者和登山者确定了清理的日期，推断出有300人到场参加活动。故选A项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信我们所做的改变——公园看起来很干净！A. plan计划；B. visit拜访；C. difference不同；D. contact联系。根据后文“the park looked clean!”可知，公园比以前变得干净了，说明作者和志愿者们对环境做出了改变。故选C项。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们的环境。A. talk谈话；B. argue争论；C. complain抱怨；D. quarrel争吵。根据后文“I would say the only way to change things is by ______ rather than complaining.”可知，作者认为改变事情的唯一方法是行动而不是抱怨，说明之前的人们只会抱怨环境，complain为原词复现。故选C项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是其中之一，我会说改变事情的唯一方法是行动而不是抱怨。A. thinking思考；B. doing做；C. questioning询问；D. watching观看。根据前文“Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere.”可知，志愿者们通过行动使公园变得更好，说明想要改变环境还需要行动起来。故选B项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. research研究；D. example例子。根据前文“Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.”可知，作者和志愿者们利用行动收集垃圾改变环境，推断出作者认为人们要以身作则行动起来。故选D项。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京顺义牛栏山一中·期中） In the tenth grade, my peers gave me a nickname that stuck until graduation: “Dictionary.” It all started the day my teacher announced a national spelling bee competition. Determined to win, I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English. In a 21 attempt to memorize the most words possible, I began reading day and night. During the competition, I misspelled one word. The pain over this defeat was so great that — to this day — I still 22 the word: “graffiti.” However, not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only 23 my determination to study harder. Later, my school was participating in a French dictation competition hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty 24 to an education. French isn’t my first language, so I 25 the books even harder. I spent all my free time studying. In the competition, I scored the highest in my school! I felt so proud. That joy was 26 because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write. In the final, I took the fifth place. Although it wasn’t what I had dreamed of, it was quite 27 ! Besides the award, I acquired the 28 that I’d use for the rest of my life, such as persistence and critical thinking. And I found that whether we are generating 29 for ourselves or for others, we never know what can be the catalyst (催化剂) of a brilliant future. Sometimes, that catalyst can be as 30 as a book. 21．A．successful B．fruitless C．lame D．desperate 22．A．repeat B．learn C．prefer D．remember 23．A．showed B．strengthened C．shook D．tested 24．A．access B．freedom C．attention D．devotion 25．A．took B．pulled C．hit D．pressed 26．A．doubled B．spread C．transformed D．obtained 27．A．obvious B．average C．close D．familiar 28．A．rules B．abilities C．methods D．ideas 29．A．interest B．reaction C．power D．change 30．A．simple B．huge C．famous D．useful 【答案】 21．D 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想在拼字比赛中获胜，但因拼错一个单词而失败，但之后他更加努力，最终在法语听写决赛中获得名次，而且成功帮助了贫困儿童，他从这段经历中获得了毅力和批判性思维等终身受益的能力。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不顾一切地尝试记住单词，我开始夜以继日地读书。A. successful成功的；B. fruitless无果的；C. lame瘸的，跛的；D. desperate不顾一切的。根据下文“I began reading day and night”可知，作者开始夜以继日地读书，由此可知，他是不顾一切地尝试记住单词。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次失败带来的痛苦是如此巨大，以至于直到今天，我仍然记得那个词：“涂鸦”。A. repeat重复；B. learn学习；C. prefer更喜欢；D. remember记得。根据上文“The pain over this defeat was so great”可知，失败带来的痛苦非常巨大，因此作者是直到今天仍然记得那个词。故选D。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，投入了这么多努力却没有成功只增强了我更加努力学习的决心。A. showed展示；B. strengthened增强；C. shook动摇；D. tested测试。根据上文“The pain over this defeat was so great that — to this day — I still ______ the word: “graffiti.””和表示转折的“However”可推知，虽然失败带来的痛苦非常巨大，但是作者并没有因此退却，这次经历增强了他更加努力学习的决心。故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的学校参加了一个由非营利组织主办的法语听写比赛，该组织旨在为贫困儿童提供受教育的机会。A. access获得的机会；B. freedom自由；C. attention注意；D. devotion奉献。根据上文“a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty”和下文“to an education”可推知，该非营利组织应该是做慈善，为贫困儿童提供受教育的机会。故选A。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：法语不是我的第一语言，所以我更加用功学习。A. took拿；B. pulled拉；C. hit击打；D. pressed压。根据下文“I spent all my free time studying.”可知，作者把所有的空闲时间都用来学习了，由此可知，他更加用功学习，短语hit the books意为“用功学习”。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的喜悦倍增，因为我知道我的胜利也帮助了孩子们学习阅读和写作。A. doubled加倍；B. spread传播；C. transformed转变；D. obtained获得。根据下文“because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write”可知，作者的胜利也帮助了孩子们学习阅读和写作，由此可知，他获奖的喜悦倍增。故选A。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这不是我所梦想的，但也很接近了！A. obvious明显的；B. average平均的；C. close近的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“In the final, I took the fifth place.”可知，作者决赛中获得了第五名，由此可知，这离梦想的第一名很接近。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了这个奖项之外，我还获得了一些让我终身受益的能力，比如毅力和批判性思维。A. rules规则；B. abilities能力；C. methods方法；D. ideas想法。根据下文“such as persistence and critical thinking”可知，毅力和批判性思维属于让人终身受益的能力。故选B。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，无论我们是在为自己还是为他人创造改变，我们永远不知道什么是光辉未来的催化剂。A. interest兴趣；B. reaction反应；C. power力量；D. change改变。根据上文“because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write”和“Besides the award, I acquired the ______ that I’d use for the rest of my life, such as persistence and critical thinking.”可知，作者的胜利帮助了孩子们学习阅读和写作，他自己也获得了毅力和批判性思维，这些都是这次经历带来的改变。故选D。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这种催化剂就像一本书一样简单。A. simple简单的；B. huge巨大的；C. famous著名的；D. useful有用的。根据上文“we never know what can be the catalyst (催化剂) of a brilliant future”可知，作者是在讨论当前的付出对未来的巨大作用，结合他通过努力记单词，用功读书而取得优异名次，帮助了贫困的孩子，也让自己受益匪浅可推知，对于光辉未来的催化剂可能就像一本书一样简单。故选A。 主题03 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京广渠门中学·期中） The moment Kareem went into the waiting room, his nervousness increased dramatically. Mateo, his opponent, was sitting there, with his 31 resting on his knee. The two would 32 for the last opening at the music school. Kareem could tell Mateo was 33 , just like he’d always been. Kareem sat and closed his eyes, trying to ignore Mateo’s calmness, a sharp contrast to his own 34 . To relieve the tension, Kareem began tuning his guitar. Suddenly a deafening noise came and Kareem froze at the noise. A broken E string 35 from Kareem’s guitar. He’d over-tightened the string, causing it to break. Then, he 36 his bag for another set of strings. 37 , Kareem brought no strings for replacement. As his turn was approaching, Kareem felt 38 . Now there was no choice. He stood up slowly and walked to Mateo,“Would you happen to have a spare E string?” Mateo shook his head, “Sorry.” Kareem nodded and whispered that he understood. Just then Kareem’s name was called. He was rooted to the ground and was about to quit when he noticed Mateo’s arm outstretched, holding his guitar out to him. “Here, use mine,” Kareem’s mouth 39 as Mateo added, “Do your best, man.” The professor asked Kareem what to play. He hesitated, “I’ll be playing Bach’s Bourree in E minor, with my...my friend’s guitar.“ As Kareem walked toward the stage door, he looked back at Mateo with a shared 40 as if to say they were friends. 31．A．coat B．phone C．guitar D．book 32．A．compete B．vote C．argue D．stand 33．A．active B．popular C．ready D．proud 34．A．sorrow B．anxiety C．shame D．anger 35．A．showed up B．came back C．fell apart D．hung down 36．A．spotted B．searched C．packed D．held 37．A．Simply B．Naturally C．Sadly D．Seriously 38．A．hopeless B．careless C．guilty D．lonely 39．A．hurt B．shut C．watered D．dropped 40．A．smile B．hope C．interest D．view 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡里姆和马特奥竞争音乐学校的最后一个职位，但卡里姆的吉他琴弦断了，关键时刻马特奥慷慨地帮助了卡里姆，两人成为了朋友。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的对手马特奥坐在那里，把吉他放在膝盖上。A. coat外套；B. phone电话；C. guitar吉他；D. book书。根据下文“To relieve the tension, Kareem began tuning his guitar.”和“He was rooted to the ground and was about to quit when he noticed Mateo’s arm outstretched, holding his guitar out to him.”可知，卡里姆和马特奥竞争的是音乐学校的职位，都带了吉他。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人将竞争音乐学校的最后一个职位。A. compete竞争；B. vote投票；C. argue争论；D. stand站立。根据上文“his opponent”和下文“the last opening at the music school”可知，卡里姆和马特奥是竞争音乐学校的职位。故选A项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡里姆看得出马特奥已经准备好了，就像他一直以来一样。A. active积极主动的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. ready准备好的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“Kareem sat and closed his eyes, trying to ignore Mateo’s calmness”可知，马特奥非常冷静，说明他胸有成竹，已经准备好了。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡里姆坐着，闭上眼睛，试图忽略马特奥的冷静，这与他自己的焦虑形成了鲜明的对比。A. sorrow悲伤；B. anxiety焦虑；C. shame羞耻；D. anger愤怒。根据下文“To relieve the tension, Kareem began tuning his guitar.”可知，卡里姆感到紧张和焦虑。故选B项。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一根断了的E弦从卡里姆的吉他上垂了来下。A. showed up露面；B. came back回来；C. fell apart崩溃；D. hung down垂下。根据句中“broken E string”可知，琴弦断了，所以垂了来下。故选D项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他在包里寻找另一组琴弦。A. spotted看见；B. searched搜寻；C. packed打包；D. held握住。卡里姆的吉他琴弦断了，结合句中“his bag for another set of strings”可知，卡里姆想找备用琴弦。故选B项。 37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，卡里姆没有带来任何替代的琴弦。A. Simply仅仅；B. Naturally自然地；C. Sadly悲哀地；D. Seriously严重地。根据句中“Kareem brought no strings for replacement.”可知，卡里姆并没有备用琴弦，很不幸。故选C项。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮到卡里姆的时候，卡里姆感到绝望。A. hopeless无望的；B. careless粗心大意的；C. guilty内疚的；D. lonely孤单的。卡里姆并未找到备用琴弦，句中结合“As his turn was approaching”可知，表演马上开始了，卡里姆感到绝望。故选A项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当马特奥接着说：“尽你所能，伙计。”，卡里姆惊掉了下巴。A. hurt使受伤；B. shut关闭；C. watered浇水；D. dropped掉落。根据上文可知，卡里姆和马特奥是竞争对手，但马特奥现在居然把自己的吉他借给卡里姆，这让卡里姆感到震惊；mouth drop可理解为“惊得下巴掉了下来”。故选D项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当卡里姆走向舞台门时，他回头看着马特奥，脸上带着相同的微笑，似乎在说他们是朋友。A. smile微笑；B. hope希望；C. interest兴趣；D. view观点。根据上文可知，虽然卡里姆和马特奥是竞争对手，但在关键时刻马特奥帮助了卡里姆。结合句中“as if to say they were friends”可知，这一刻他们成了朋友，所以两人相视而笑。故选A项。 主题04 人与自然——宠物 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京第八十中学·期中） A Labrador has been doing an important job to help people stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight-year-old Roby runs through the streets of the hilly city of Medellin several times a day with a 41 in his jaws, taking vegetables, fruit and packaged foods to customers of the Fresh4U mini-market. “He helps us to maintain social distancing,” said Roby’ owner, Sherry Botero. “And people 42 it when we send the dog.” Roby enjoys eating carrots 43 to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food. Roby wasn’t always a star. He was accepted into the family 44 by Ms Botero after repeated requests by her son to 45 a dog. But Ms Botero quickly 46 with the dog. And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries. Roby can’t read 47 . But he remembers the names of customers who have previously rewarded him with treats. And with some practice, he has learned to go to their houses on his own. “He knows the names of five or six of our customers,” Ms Botero said, “So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket, and my customers 48 me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).” Roby might not know that he’s become an 49 worker. But he is happy to help his owner and 50 his daily pay. 41．A．bag B．chain C．basket D．stick 42．A．respect B．love C．follow D．notice 43．A．gifted B．returned C．lent D．donated 44．A．intentionally B．regretfully C．immediately D．unwillingly 45．A．adopt B．train C．adore D．walk 46．A．got away B．kept in touch C．caught up D．fell in love 47．A．minds B．addresses C．numbers D．receipts 48．A．treat B．help C．pay D．impress 49．A．essential B．honest C．optimistic D．adventurous 50．A．spend B．calculate C．collect D．increase 【答案】 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．C 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在新冠疫情期间，拉布拉多犬Roby帮助人们送蔬菜、水果和包装食品的故事。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：8岁的Roby每天叼着篮子在多山城市Medellin的街道上跑好几次，把蔬菜、水果和包装食品送到Fresh4U迷你市场的顾客那里。A. bag包；B. chain链子；C. basket篮子；D. stick棍子。根据下一段“a tip for bringing a basket of food.”和倒数第二行““So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket,”可知，此处指叼着篮子把蔬菜，水果等送到顾客那。故选C。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们派Roby过去时，人们很喜欢它。A. respect尊重；B. love爱，喜欢；C. follow跟随；D. notice注意。根据下文“ 　　　3　　　 to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food.”可知，人们喜欢Roby。故选B。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roby喜欢吃顾客送给他的胡萝卜，这是他带了一篮子食物的小费。A. gifted.用礼物送；B. returned返回；C. lent借出；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“a tip for bringing a basket of food.”可知，人们送给Roby胡萝卜作为送食物的小费。故选A。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Botero的儿子多次请求收养一只狗，但Botero不情愿地接受了这只狗。A. intentionally故意地；B. regretfully后悔地；C. immediately立刻地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“after repeated requests by her son”可知，Botero不太愿意让儿子养狗，所以此处需用副词unwillingly不情愿地。故选D。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adopt领养；B. train训练；C. adore崇拜，爱慕；D. walk行走。根据前文“He was accepted into the family 　　　 by Ms Botero ”可知，Botero不太愿意让儿子养狗。故选A。 46．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是Botero女士很快就爱上了这只狗。A. got away离开；B. kept in touch保持联系；C. caught up赶上；D. fell in love爱上。根据后文“And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries.”和空前转折连词but可知，Botero女士喜欢上了小狗Roby。故选D。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Roby看不懂地址。A. minds思想；B. addresses地址；C. numbers号码；D. receipts收据。根据前文“he started to accompany her to make deliveries.”和常识可知，因为是狗去送货，不认识字，所以看不懂地址。故选B。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把货物连同收据放在篮子里寄出去，我的客户通过银行汇款给我。A. treat对待，款待；B. help帮助；C. pay付款；D. impress给……留下印象。根据空后“ me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).”可知，此处指转账付款。故选C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roby可能不知道他已经成为一个必不可少的“工人”。A. essential必不可少的，重要的；B. honest诚实的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. adventurous冒险的。因为Roby帮Ms Botero送货，所以他已经成了一个必不可少的“工人”。故选A。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他很乐意帮助他的主人和领取他的日常工资。A. spend花费；B. calculate计算；C. collect领取，收集；D. increase增加。根据前文描述可知，人们会给Roby一些食物作为小费，所以此处指他会领取他的日常报酬。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京人大附中·期中） My brother and I were driving home together and we were deep in conversation. Because of his 51 my brother took a wrong turn, taking us towards a bridge and we had no way to turn back. 52 , my brother paid the bridge fee and drove on. He was clearly frustrated by the mistake and the 53 waste of $4. We eventually reached an exit slipway and, as we took it, my brother 54 a beat-up black car parked by the side of the road. A young guy was standing nearby 55 someone. I was busy trying to figure out which way we went next but my brother 56 and asked the guy if he needed any help. And he did. He had a(n) 57 tire and needed a tool to get it off. My brother gave it to him and then proceeded to help him change the tire. After we finished the job, he thanked us again and again, pulled out $20 and tried to give it to us. “No.” my brother said. “We were never 58 to even get on that bridge. We took a wrong turn. But now we know why we did. It was to help you. Thank you for turning our mistake into a(n) 59 to serve.” What I loved most was watching my brother throughout this process. He was able to see a chance to help even in an otherwise 60 situation, which can only come from a calm mind and an open heart. 51．A．happiness B．carelessness C．selfishness D．weakness 52．A．Nervously B．Immediately C．Unwillingly D．Unfortunately 53．A．unusual B．hateful C．hopeless D．needless 54．A．repaired B．noticed C．struck D．helped 55．A．phoning B．reminding C．greeting D．recalling 56．A．pulled together B．pulled away C．pulled over D．pulled through 57．A．flat B．empty C．old D．dirty 58．A．supposed B．forced C．allowed D．required 59．A．wish B．ability C．belief D．opportunity 60．A．dangerous B．destructive C．expensive D．negative 【答案】 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．A 56．C 57．A 58．A 59．D 60．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了哥哥由于粗心大意，拐错了弯，导致我们走错了路并必须支付过桥费，在这种情况下，哥哥仍然注意到了路边需要帮助的人，并帮助对方换轮胎，感谢对方给予自己一个帮助别人的机会，哥哥的这种心态让我敬佩。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我哥哥的粗心大意，他拐错了弯，带着我们朝一座桥开去，而那时我们已经无法回头了。A. happiness幸福；B. carelessness粗心大意；C. selfishness自私；D. weakness虚弱。根据上文“My brother and I were driving home together and we were deep in conversation.”可知，我哥哥边开车，边和我聊天，精力不集中，由此可知，由于他的粗心大意，他拐错了弯。故选B。 52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥不情愿地付了过桥费，然后继续开车前行。A. Nervously紧张地；B. Immediately立刻；C. Unwillingly不愿意地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“He was clearly frustrated by the mistake”可知，哥哥对自己的错误感到沮丧，由此可知，他是不情愿地付了过桥费，认为这个钱本不必花。故选C。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显然对这个错误以及那4美元的无谓浪费感到沮丧。A. unusual不寻常的；B. hateful可恶的；C. hopeless没有希望的；D. needless不必要的。根据上文“my brother took a wrong turn”可知，哥哥是由于粗心拐错了弯，才导致不得不支付过桥费，由此可知，这是一笔不必要的浪费。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最终到达了一个出口匝道，当我们驶上匝道时，我哥哥注意到一辆破旧的黑色汽车停在路边。A. repaired修理；B. noticed注意到；C. struck撞击；D. helped帮助。根据下文“my brother 　　　　 and asked the guy if he needed any help.”可知，我哥哥询问车主是否需要帮助，由此可知，他注意到了那辆黑色汽车。故选B。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个年轻小伙站在附近正在给某人打电话。A. phoning打电话；B. reminding提醒；C. greeting问候；D. recalling回想起。根据下文“He had a(n) 　　　　 tire and needed a tool to get it off.”可知，年轻人的车胎爆了，需要帮助，由此可知，他在给某人打电话，寻求帮助。故选A。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正忙着想我们接下来该往哪个方向走，但我哥哥把车靠边停下，问那个人是否需要帮助。A. pulled together齐心协力；B. pulled away把车开走；C. pulled over靠路边停车；D. pulled through度过难关。根据句中“asked the guy if he needed any help”可知，我哥哥询问车主是否需要帮助，由此可知，他首先要把车停在路边，才能询问。故选C。 57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的车胎瘪了，需要一个工具把它卸下来。A. flat瘪了的，走了气的；B. empty空的；C. old古老的；D. dirty脏的。根据句中“needed a tool to get it off”可知，汽车需要换胎，由此可知，车胎瘪了，爆胎了。故选A。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们本来根本就不该上那座桥的。A. supposed认为，假定；B. forced强迫；C. allowed允许；D. required要求。根据上文“my brother took a wrong turn”可知，由于哥哥拐错了弯，我们才开上了桥，由此可知，我们本不应该上那座桥，“be supposed to do sth.”意为“应该做某事”。故选A。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你们把我们的错误变成了一次为他人服务的机会。A. wish愿望；B. ability能力；C. belief信仰；D. opportunity机会。根据上文“But now we know why we did. It was to help you.”可知，由于哥哥拐错了弯，我们才有机会偶遇那个人并帮助了他，由此可知，是那个人将我们的错误转化为服务的机会。故选D。 60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在原本消极的情况下，他也能看到帮助他人的机会，这只能源自冷静的头脑和开放的心灵。A. dangerous危险的；B. destructive破坏性的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. negative消极的。根据上文“He was clearly frustrated by the mistake and the 　　　　 waste of $4.”可知，哥哥因为自己的错误和4美元的不必要的浪费感到沮丧，由此可知，这是一种消极的情况，即使在这种情况下，他也能看到帮助别人的机会。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京八一学校·期中） There are a lot of homeless people in the world. But 61 there are also a lot of giving people who are willing to help out. One lady in particular, Karine Gombeau from Paris, France, is one of these people. Gombeau, 42 years old, was on vacation with her husband and their 15-year-old son in New York. They were near Grand Central Station in Manhattan when she 62 a homeless man, wearing a ski cap, digging 63 the garbage. What was he doing? He was looking for his next 64 . Being the kind-hearted person she is, she decided to help this man out. She had just finished eating pizza with her family and had some extra, so she chose to give it to the man. She even 65 for the pizza being cold. She went on with her life thinking that 66 was out of the ordinary until a couple of days later, at her hotel, a lady came running up to her with a newspaper. Gombeau was very 67 to see her picture in it along with a story. She suddenly 68 that the homeless man she had given the pizza to was actually a famous actor. Oddly enough, he was filming a movie in Grand Central Station when she 69 got involved. However, the actor didn’t even break character, saying “thank you” when Gombeau gave him the pizza. That was why she thought he was a homeless person! Gombeau said that her 70 to give the poor man the pizza was because she was sad to see so many homeless people living on the streets of New York. 61．A．normally B．luckily C．naturally D．gradually 62．A．stopped B．recognized C．remembered D．spotted 63．A．through B．for C．around D．over 64．A．cap B．bottle C．meal D．newspaper 65．A．answered B．complained C．joked D．apologized 66．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 67．A．surprised B．delighted C．satisfied D．disappointed 68．A．admitted B．claimed C．explained D．realized 69．A．mysteriously B．secretly C．mistakenly D．proudly 70．A．courage B．decision C．opportunity D．promise 【答案】 61．B 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．D 66．B 67．A 68．D 69．C 70．B 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位女士帮助了一个无家可归的男人，不料最终却发现对方实际上是正在拍摄电影的著名演员。 61．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但幸运的是，也有很多乐于帮助的人。A. normally通常；B. luckily幸运地；C. naturally自然地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“there are also a lot of giving people who are willing to help out.”可知，幸运的是，也有很多乐于帮助的人。故选B项。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她看到一个无家可归的男人戴着滑雪帽在翻垃圾时，他们正在曼哈顿的中央车站附近。A. stopped停止；B. recognized认出；C. remembered记住；D. spotted看到。根据下文“a homeless man, wearing a ski cap, digging ___3___ the garbage.”可知，此处表示她看到一个无家可归的男人。故选D项。 63．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当她看到一个无家可归的男人戴着滑雪帽在翻垃圾时，他们正在曼哈顿的中央车站附近。A. through从一端到另一端；B. for为了；C. around围绕；D. over在……上面。根据语境，此处表示一个无家可归的男人在翻垃圾，dig through the garbage表示“翻垃圾”。故选A项。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在寻找他的下一顿饭。A. cap帽子；B. bottle瓶子；C. meal一餐，一顿饭；D. newspaper报纸。根据上文“a homeless man, wearing a ski cap, digging ______ the garbage”以及常识可知，这个无家可归的男人在翻垃圾，寻找下一顿饭。故选C项。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至为比萨饼凉了道歉。A. answered回答；B. complained抱怨；C. joked开玩笑；D. apologized道歉。根据下文“for the pizza being cold”可知，她因为披萨凉了向那个无家可归的男人道歉。故选D项。 66．考查代词词义辨析。句意：她继续她的生活，认为没有什么是不寻常的，直到几天后，在她的酒店里，一位女士拿着一份报纸向她跑来。A. something某些东西；B. nothing没有什么；C. anything任何东西；D. everything每件事。根据下文“Gombeau was very ______ to see her picture in it along with a story.”可知，贡博看到报纸上有她的照片和故事时很惊讶，所以此处表示她认为没有什么是不同寻常的。故选B项。 67．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贡博很惊讶地看到里面有她的照片和一个故事。A. surprised惊讶的；B. delighted高兴的；C. satisfied满意的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“She went on with her life thinking that ______ was out of the ordinary”可知，贡博继续她的生活，认为没有什么是不寻常的，所以此处表示看到照片和故事时，她很惊讶。故选A项。 68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然意识到，她给予比萨饼的那个无家可归的人实际上是一位著名的演员。A. admitted承认；B. claimed主张；C. explained解释；D. realized意识到。根据下文“that the homeless man she had given the pizza to was actually a famous actor”可知，此时贡博才意识到那个无家可归的男人实际上是一位著名的演员。故选D项。 69．考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，他正在中央车站拍电影时，她阴差阳错地参与其中了。A. mysteriously神秘地；B. secretly秘密地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据上文“he was filming a movie in Grand Central Station”可知，这位男士正在拍电影，贡博以为他真的是无家可归的人，送了披萨给他，错误地参与了电影拍摄。故选C项。 70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贡博说，她之所以决定给这个可怜的人比萨，是因为看到这么多无家可归的人生活在纽约街头，她感到很难过。A. courage勇气；B. decision决定；C. opportunity机会；D. promise诺言。根据上文“She had just finished eating pizza with her family and had some extra, so she chose to give it to the man.”可知，贡博选择送披萨给这个无家可归的人，这是她自己做出的决定。故选B项。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京交大附中·期中） Reaching Impossible Heights Xia, 69, reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world on May14th,2018. What’s remarkable, however, is that Xia has no 71 of his own. Xia was chosen by the Chinese mountaineering team in 1974 and together with his teammates, Xia climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1975. However, they were trapped in a snowstorm just 200 meters below the peak and were forced to go down the hill. Eventually, nine climbers 72 the top, but Xia suffered severe freezing cold and lost both his feet. He heard the news of his teammates’ success on the radio as he lay in bed in hospital awaiting the operation. “I was proud of my teammates, but I didn’t 73 to imagine my future of sitting in a wheelchair,” he said. He felt hopeless until a doctor told him that on artificial legs, he could live life like anyone else, and might even do quite a lot of physical exercise. He set a target: he would climb Qomolangma. The vision of the 74 came close to him. It gave him the courage and hope to 75 . Although it took Xia more than 40 years to realize his dream, he stayed less than 10 minutes at the top because of a storm. Facing into the wind, he 76 his body to carry on down the mountain. His artificial legs had no feeling and didn’t 77 as they should. He uses twice as much energy as fully-able mountaineers. Many times, his feet got 78 in cracks (裂缝) in the ice and his teammates had to help pull his legs out. His 79 is beyond most people’s imagination. When he was reported to have conquered (征服) Qomolangma, he replied, “It is Qomolangma that 80 me. Nature cannot be conquered, but people can.” 71．A．ears B．eyes C．legs D．arms 72．A．missed B．reached C．defended D．overcame 73．A．dare B．strive C．apply D．commit 74．A．memory B．recovery C．operation D．mountain 75．A．take on B．live on C．depend on D．pass on 76．A．shook B．warned C．allowed D．forced 77．A．fit B．switch C．prevent D．destroy 78．A．lost B．involved C．dressed D．stuck 79．A．patience B．independence C．contribution D．determination 80．A．accepts B．obsesses C．rejects D．blames 【答案】 71．C 72．B 73．A 74．D 75．B 76．D 77．A 78．D 79．D 80．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了69岁的夏伯渝失去双脚后，凭借坚定的决心和不懈的努力，最终在2018年成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的故事。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，值得注意的是，夏伯渝没有自己的腿。A. ears耳朵；B. eyes眼睛；C. legs腿；D. arms手臂。根据下文“He felt hopeless until a doctor told him that on artificial legs, he could live life like anyone else”可知，医生告诉夏伯渝凭借假腿，他可以像其他人一样生活，所以夏伯渝没有自己的腿。故选C。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，九名登山者成功到达山顶，但夏伯渝因严重冻伤失去了双脚。A. missed错过；B. reached到达；C. defended防御；D. overcame克服。根据上文“Xia was chosen by the Chinese mountaineering team in 1974 and together with his teammates, Xia climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1975”和下文“the top”可知，1974年，他被中国登山队选中，并于1975年与队友一起攀登珠穆朗玛峰，此处描述的是九名登山者成功到达山顶，故选B。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我为我的队友感到骄傲，但我不敢想象我坐在轮椅上的未来，”他说。A. dare敢；B. strive努力；C. apply申请；D. commit承诺。根据下文“to imagine my future of sitting in a wheelchair”可知，夏伯渝面对自己可能要坐轮椅的未来感到害怕，不敢想象这件事。故选A。 74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：山的景象向他走近。A. memory记忆；B. recovery恢复；C. operation手术；D. mountain山。根据上文“He set a target: he would climb Qomolangma.”和“came close to him”可知，他设定了一个目标：他要攀登珠穆朗玛峰。此处是指珠穆朗玛峰给夏伯渝带来了希望，山的景象向他走近。故选D。 75．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这给了他继续生活的勇气和希望。A. take on承担；B. live on继续生活；C. depend on依赖；D. pass on传递。根据上文“He set a target: he would climb Qomolangma. The vision of the 4 came close to him. It gave him the courage and hope to”可知，他设定了一个目标：他要攀登珠穆朗玛峰，此处是指夏伯渝得到了继续生活下去的动力，故选B。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对风雪，他强迫自己继续下山。A. shook摇晃；B. warned警告；C. allowed允许；D. forced强迫。根据下文“his body to carry on down the mountain”可知，此处描述的是夏伯渝在恶劣条件下坚持下山，即强迫自己继续下山。故选D。 77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的假肢没有感觉，而且并不如原来的那样贴合。A. fit适合，合得来，贴合；B. switch切换；C. prevent阻止；D. destroy破坏。根据下文“He uses twice as much energy as fully-able mountaineers”可知，他消耗的能量是正常登山运动员的两倍。因天气地形等影响，此处是指假肢此时不如原来的那样贴合。故选A。 78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，他的脚卡在冰缝里，队友不得不帮忙把他的腿拉出来。A. lost丢失；B. involved涉及；C. dressed穿着；D. stuck卡住。根据下文“in cracks (裂缝) in the ice and his teammates had to help pull his legs out.”可知，此处描述的是脚被冰缝卡住的情况，故选D。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的决心超出了大多数人的想象。A. patience耐心；B. independence独立；C. contribution贡献；D. determination决心。根据下文“is beyond most people’s imagination”和“Nature cannot be conquered, but people can.”可知，此处描述的是夏伯渝面对困难不屈不挠的精神，他的决心超出了大多数人的想象。故选D。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是珠穆朗玛峰接纳了我。A. accepts接受；B. obsesses痴迷；C. rejects拒绝；D. blames责备。根据上文“It is Qomolangma that”和下文“Nature cannot be conquered”可知，珠穆朗玛峰不能被征服，此处表达的是珠穆朗玛峰接受了他，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京一零一中学·期中） I was an angry adolescent in my first years of college. One day I had a serious fight with my father. I saw him as 81 and wanted to break free. We both exploded in shouts and I stormed out of the house. As I ran across the campus towards the classroom, I suddenly realized that I didn’t have the assignment that was 82 : a thought card. Professor Simon had explained that every Tuesday we must hand in an index card, on which we wrote a thought, a concern, a question or anything that’s on our mind and that he would return the card every Wednesday with his 83 or answer on it. He stressed that the card was our 84 to class on Tuesdays. Now, I raced down the hallway, ten minutes late to class. Just outside the door, I took out an index card and wrote on it “I am the son of an idiot!”, as I could only think about the 85 I’d just had with my dad. Then I dashed into the room, handed the card and took my seat. The moment I reached my seat, I regretted telling him that about my dad. I didn’t want to 86 myself to him. Wednesday morning I got to the class early and 87 in the back. Professor Simon began returning our thought cards. On my card was written, “What does the ‘son of an idiot’ do with the rest of his life?” His question got right to the 88 of the issue: Whose problem was it? Whose responsibility was it? Professor Simon’s comment kept 89 in my mind over the next few weeks. Slowly, my thinking began to shift. My grades improved. My relationship with my father also improved 90 . Now I saw him as concerned and caring, instead of controlling. And it all started with a question, an innocent-seeming question. 81．A．controlling B．demanding C．frustrating D．confusing 82．A．bound B．proper C．tricky D．due 83．A．comment B．grade C．criticism D．standard 84．A．guide B．admission C．invitation D．contribution 85．A．conflict B．race C．talk D．deal 86．A．connect B．expose C．recommend D．introduce 87．A．stood B．froze C．cried D．hid 88．A．cause B．height C．heart D．surface 89．A．coming up B．raising up C．fixing up D．setting up 90．A．automatically B．mildly C．dramatically D．repeatedly 【答案】 81．A 82．D 83．A 84．B 85．A 86．B 87．D 88．C 89．A 90．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者与父亲发生矛盾后，西蒙老师在布置的作业上的评论让作者在接下来的日子里发生了很大的变化。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到他控制欲很强，想挣脱。A. controlling控制；B. demanding要求；C. frustrating使泪丧；D. confusing使迷惑。根据本句“wanted to break free (想要挣脱束缚)”以及下文中的“Now I saw him as concerned and caring, instead of controlling.(现在我觉得他关心我，关爱我，而不是控制我)”可知，此处指的是作者把父亲看作是“控制”自己。故选A项。 82．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过校园跑向教室时，我突然意识到我没有按期完成作业：一张思考卡。A. bound一定的；B. proper恰当的；C. tricky狡猾的；D. due到期的。根据下文中的“Professor Simon had explained that every Tuesday we must hand in an index card(西蒙教授解释说，每周二我们必须交一张索引卡)”可知，每周二要上交卡片，所此处应是“到期”。故选D项。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：西蒙教授解释说，每周二我们必须带来一张索引卡，在上面写下一个想法、一个担忧、一个问题或任何我们想到的东西，他会在每周三把他写在上面的评论或答案还回来。A. comment评论；B. grade等级；C. criticism批判；D. standard标准。根据下文中的“Professor Simon’s comment kept ________ in my mind over the next few weeks.”可知，此处指的是西蒙教授的“评论”。故选A项。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他强调说，这张卡片是我们周二上课的通行证。A. guide引导；B. admission进入权；C. invitation邀请；D. contribution贡献。根据上文中的“Professor Simon had explained that every Tuesday we must hand in an index card, on which we wrote a thought, a concern, a question or anything that’s on our mind and that he would return the card every Wednesday with his ________ or answer on it.”可知，西蒙老师要求周二上交卡片，所以，这是周二上课的“通行证”。故选B项。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在门外，我拿出一张索引卡，在上面写道：“我是白痴的儿子！”，因为我只能想到我刚刚和爸爸发生的冲突。A. conflict矛盾；B. race比赛；C. talk交谈；D. deal交易。根据上文中的“We both exploded in shouts and I stormed out of the house.(我们俩都大叫起来，我冲出了房子)”可知，此处指的是作者与父亲之间的“冲突”。故选A项。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想在他面前暴露自己。A. connect连接；B. expose接触，暴露；C. recommend推荐；D. introduce介绍。根据上文中的“The moment I reached my seat, I regretted telling him that about my dad.(我一坐到座位上，就后悔把我爸爸的事告诉了他)”以及下文中的“Wednesday morning I got to the class early and ________ in the back.”可知，作者后悔把自己的事情“暴露”给其他人，在周三的时候自己躲到后面。故选B项。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：星期三早上，我早早来到教室，躲在教室后面。A. stood站立；B. froze愣住；C. cried大喊；D. hid藏起来。根据上文“The moment I reached my seat, I regretted telling him that about my dad. I didn’t want to ________ myself to him.”可知，作者后悔告诉老师和父亲之间的事情，结合下文中的“in the back(在教室后面)”可知，此处指作者“躲藏”到后面。故选D项。 88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的问题直指问题的核心：这是谁的问题？这是谁的责任？A. cause原因；B. height高度；C. heart心脏，核心；D. surface表面。根据下文中的“Whose problem was it? Whose responsibility was it?(这是谁的问题？这是谁的责任？)”并结合语境可知，此处指的是与父亲发生冲突的“核心”问题。故选C项。 89．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，西蒙教授的评论一直在我的脑海中浮现。A. coming up出来，浮现；B. raising up提升；C. fixing up整修，修缮；D. setting up设立。根据上文“Whose problem was it? Whose responsibility was it?(这是谁的问题？这是谁的责任？)”可知，西蒙教授的评论一直在我的脑海中浮现。故选A项。 90．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我和父亲的关系也大大改善了。A. automatically自动地；B. mildly温和地；C. dramatically戏剧性地，明显地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据上文中的“My grades improved.(我的成绩提高了)”可知，此处描述的是作者发生的变化，dramatically意为“明显地”符合语境，进一步表明作者的变化很大。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京北师大附中·期中） Colleen and her husband were part of a group walking the Overland Track. It was the fifth day of a 6-day walk. The guide, who was waiting for them at the nearest camp, had 91 them about the slippery and potentially dangerous conditions. Colleen, an experienced adventurer from Sydney, was a naturally 92 walker. She walked in front of her husband and carefully checked the safety of the track when they were going down a steep slope (陡坡). Suddenly she heard a cracking sound from 93 . “When I realized what was happening, I was 94 to a deep ditch (沟壑), my pack on my back.” Colleen’s fall was only broken by the presence of a branch that stretched across the ditch and 95 her from a fall that could otherwise have been deadly. Colleen hit her head badly and went into 96 . She soon woke up and turned around to see her husband sitting stunned on the side of the track. He had 97 fallen from the top. He had first slipped above Colleen, and his full weight, with his pack, 98 down on top of her. He was uninjured, and Colleen was suspended on the branch. He reached out to grab Colleen’s arm. Colleen felt so 99 , the worst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life. She knew straight away that her arm was broken. Her husband took her pack along with his own and together they 100 for the final three kilometers to the camp. Once they reached the camp, the guide gave her first aid and called for the rescue helicopter immediately. Colleen was 101 to the nearest hospital by helicopter. She was 102 in the hospital and was told that her head and neck were okay, but her arm had been broken in four places. Later, Colleen recalled with emotion. “After this personal 103 of near-death and being saved, I realized that in some situations there’s absolutely no 104 to get to hospital, and the rescue helicopter was the only way. At that moment, the most wonderful noise was hearing the helicopter come. The helicopter rescue workers were so generous, so highly skilled as well. When they arrived with the policemen, I was never more 105 to see anyone in my whole life.” 91．A．interviewed B．warned C．asked D．taught 92．A．curious B．independent C．cautious D．patient 93．A．opposite B．ahead C．faraway D．above 94．A．jumping B．heading C．turning D．walking 95．A．hid B．released C．kept D．pulled 96．A．shock B．action C．silence D．panic 97．A．consequently B．immediately C．accidentally D．eventually 98．A．lay B．settled C．bent D．crashed 99．A．fearful B．painful C．regretful D．pitiful 100．A．prepared B．struggled C．searched D．competed 101．A．forced B．guided C．rushed D．invited 102．A．consulted B．cured C．assessed D．examined 103．A．experience B．training C．evaluation D．feeling 104．A．possibility B．privilege C．alternative D．necessity 105．A．honored B．grateful C．motivated D．confident 【答案】 91．B 92．C 93．D 94．B 95．C 96．A 97．C 98．D 99．B 100．B 101．C 102．D 103．A 104．C 105．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是科琳在一次徒步旅中遭遇意外，好在和丈夫坚持了下来，最终获救的事。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：向导在最近的营地等着他们，他已经提醒过他们，这里很滑，有潜在的危险。A. interviewed采访；B. warned提醒，警告；C. asked询问；D. taught教授。根据后文“them about the slippery and potentially dangerous conditions”可知，向导提醒一些注意事项，warn意为“提醒”，符合题意，故选B项。 92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳来自悉尼，是一位经验丰富的冒险家，走路天生小心谨慎。A. curious好奇的；B. independent独立的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. patient耐心的。根据后文“She walked in front of her husband and carefully checked the safety of the track when they were going down a steep slope.(当他们下陡坡时，她走在丈夫的前面，仔细检查道路的安全性)”可知，科琳经验丰富，做事不会太莽撞，比较谨慎。故选C项。 93．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，她听到上面有裂缝声。A. opposite在对面；B. ahead在前面；C. faraway在远处；D. above在上面，在较高处。根据前文“when they were going down a steep slope”可知，他们是沿着斜坡向下走，所以裂缝声是从上面传来的，故选D项。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到发生什么时，我正朝一个深壑走去，背上背着包。A. jumping跳；B. heading朝(某方向)行进；C. turning转弯；D. walking行走。根据后文“Colleen’s fall was only broken by the presence of a branch”可知，科琳往下掉的过程被深壑旁的树枝打断，说明她当时是正朝那里前进。故选B项。 95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸亏有一根树枝横在沟里，才阻止了科琳的跌落，否则她就会丧命。A. hid躲藏；B. released释放；C. kept保持；D. pulled拉。根据后文“her from a fall that could otherwise have been deadly.”可知，树枝阻止了她的继续下滑，否则，如果她继续下滑，可能会丧命。keep…from…意为“阻止……做……”，是固定短语，符合题意。故选C项。 96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科琳的头撞得很重，休克了。A. shock休克；B. action行动；C. silence沉默；D. panic惊恐。根据前文“Colleen hit her head badly”可知，Colleen撞着了头部，暂时昏迷，进入休克状态。shock意为“休克”，符合题意。故选A项。 97．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不小心从顶部摔下来。 A. consequently因此；B. immediately立即；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. eventually最后，终于。根据后文“fallen from the top”可知，丈夫摔下来这个行为不是故意为之，所以是意外不小心摔下来的。故选C项。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先是滑到了科琳的上方，然后他的整个体重，连同他的背包，撞到了她的身上。A. lay躺；B. settled定居；C. bent弯曲；D. crashed碰撞。根据前文“He had first slipped above Colleen, and his full weight, with his pack”可知，他们是下坡，他在科琳的后面，所以他摔倒后，带着自身的重量和包的重量朝下猛撞。故选D项。 99．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳感到非常痛苦，这是她一生中经历过的最严重的身体痛苦。A. fearful害怕的；B. painful疼痛的；C. regretful后悔的；D. pitiful可怜的。根据后文“the worst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life”可知，她摔下来，受伤很严重，主要是身体上的疼痛。故选B项。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她丈夫将她的背包背起，两人一起艰难地走完最后三公里，到达营地。A. prepared准备；B. struggled努力；C. searched搜寻；D. competed比赛。结合前文可知，两人出了意外，而且科琳还受伤严重，两人最后的行走只能是挣扎着，努力着。struggle意为“努力，挣扎”，符合题意。故选B项。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科琳被直升机紧急送往最近的医院。A. forced强迫；B. guided指导；C. rushed急忙送，赶紧做；D. invited邀请。根据后文“to the nearest hospital by helicopter”可知，科琳受伤严重，所以到了营地被急忙送往医院。故选C项。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在医院接受了检查，并被告知她的头和脖子没有问题，但是她的手臂有四处骨折。A. consulted咨询；B. cured治愈；C. assessed评估；D. examined检查。根据后文“was told that her head and neck were okay, but her arm had been broken in four places”指到医院去检查身体。故选D项。 103．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了与死神擦肩而过的经历之后，我意识到，在某些情况下，去医院是别无选择的，而救援直升机是唯一的办法。A. experience经历；B. training培训；C. evaluation评估；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“of near-death and being saved”可知，这次事件是科琳的一次个人经历，而非其他。故选A项。 104．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了与死神擦肩而过的经历之后，我意识到，在某些情况下，去医院是别无选择的，而救援直升机是唯一的办法。A. possibility可能性；B. privilege特权；C. alternative选择；D. necessity必要性。根据后文“the rescue helicopter was the only way.”提到直升机是唯一的方法可知，没有其他可选择的途径。故选C项。 105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们和警察一起来的时候，我这辈子见到任何人都没有这么感激过。A. honored荣幸的；B. grateful感激的；C. motivated有积极性的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“At that moment, the most wonderful noise was hearing the helicopter come. The helicopter rescue workers were so generous, so highly skilled as well.(在那一刻，最美妙的声音是听到直升机飞来。直升机救援人员非常慷慨，技术也非常高超)”可知，科琳受伤了，所以对急救人员和警察的到来是感激不已。故选B项。 Passage 1 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 （24-25学年高二上·北京第八中学·期中） Production of bottled water has grown over the past thirty years from nothing into a $16 billion-per-year business. However, more and more people have been against bottled water use, and environmentalists are 1 people to go back to the tap. The first reason why you should seriously think about 2 bottled water, they say, is that it’s bad for the environment. Producing plastic bottles 3 vast quantities of oil. As a result, factories create poisonous waste and send it into the environment. What is more, the vast majority of plastic water bottles aren’t 4 . In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills and send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned. In other words, bottled water is a major 5 to global warming. Secondly, the 6 of bottled water requires a lot of fuel. In the USA alone, one billion bottles of water are moved around each week in trucks, giving off polluting gases. In fact, some high-priced water is 7 from one side of the planet to the other. Finally, bottled water isn’t even better for your health. Tap water rules in many countries are far 8 than those for bottled water. Furthermore, tap water contains fluoride, which is added to help build strong teeth and prevent tooth decay(龋齿). Consequently, as the use of bottled water has 9 , tooth decay has become more serious. To sum up, by stopping the use of bottled water, and encouraging others to do so, you will be doing the planet an enormous 10 and benefiting your own health as well. 1．A．allowing B．training C．calling on D．commanding 2．A．giving up B．turning to C．preparing for D．believing in 3．A．creates B．attracts C．requires D．shares 4．A．sold B．recycled C．found D．limited 5．A．answer B．solution C．contributor D．service 6．A．test B．design C．competition D．transportation 7．A．shipped B．wasted C．developed D．collected 8．A．older B．fewer C．stricter D．simpler 9．A．dropped B．changed C．increased D．disappointed 10．A．contribution B．favor C．help D．assistance 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了人们应该停止使用瓶装水的原因，包括对环境的危害、运输过程中的能源消耗以及对健康并非更有益等方面，呼吁人们回归使用自来水。 1．考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的人反对使用瓶装水，环保主义者正在呼吁人们回归使用自来水。A. allowing允许；B. training训练；C. calling on呼吁；D. commanding命令。根据上文“more and more people have been against bottled water use”可知上文说的是越来越多的人反对使用瓶装水，可推理出环保主义者应是呼吁人们不再使用瓶装水，故选C项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们说，你应该认真考虑放弃瓶装水的第一个原因是它对环境有害。A. giving up放弃；B. turning to转向，求助于；C. preparing for为……做准备；D. believing in相信。根据上文“more and more people have been against bottled water use”可知上文说的是越来越多的人反对使用瓶装水，可推理出这里是说要考虑放弃使用瓶装水，故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生产塑料瓶需要大量的石油。A. creates创造；B. attracts吸引；C. requires需要；D. shares分享。根据下文“As a result, factories create poisonous waste and send it into the environment”可知工厂制造出有毒废物并排放到环境中，可推理出生产塑料瓶会带来一些环境问题，而这是在生产过程中需要大量石油的情况下产生的，也就是说生产塑料瓶对石油有需求，故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，绝大多数塑料水瓶没有被回收利用。A. sold出售；B. recycled回收利用；C. found发现；D. limited限制。根据下文“In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills and send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned”可知在世界几乎每个地方，不需要的水瓶占据着垃圾填埋场，并且在燃烧时会向空气和水中排放危险气体，这些水瓶没有得到合理的处理，而是被丢弃或焚烧了，由此可推断出它们没有被回收利用，故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，瓶装水是全球变暖的一个主要促成因素。A. answer答案；B. solution解决方案；C. contributor促成因素，贡献者；D. service服务。根据上文“In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills and send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned”可知，瓶装水的瓶子在处理过程中会对环境造成危害，从而成为全球变暖的一个影响因素，文中对水瓶处理产生危害的描述可作为瓶装水是全球变暖促成因素的依据，故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，瓶装水的运输需要大量的燃料。A. test测试；B. design设计；C. competition竞争；D. transportation运输。根据下文“In the USA alone, one billion bottles of water are moved around each week in trucks, giving off polluting gases”可知下文提到了每周就有十亿瓶水用卡车运输，可推理出这里讲的是瓶装水在运输过程中的情况，故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，一些高价水是从地球的一端运到另一端。A. shipped运输；B. wasted浪费；C. developed发展；D. collected收集。根据下文“from one side of the planet to the other”可知这里继续在说瓶装水的运输情况，故选 A 项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的自来水规则比瓶装水的规则要严格得多。A. older更旧的；B. fewer更少的；C. stricter更严格的；D. simpler更简单的。根据下文“Furthermore, tap water contains fluoride, which is added to help build strong teeth and prevent tooth decay (龋齿).”可知，自来水在成分等方面有相关规定且有有益添加物，可推断出其规则是比较严格的，文中对自来水有益添加物的描述可作为自来水规则严格的一方面依据，故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，随着瓶装水使用量的增加，龋齿问题变得更加严重。A. dropped下降；B. changed改变；C. increased增加；D. disappointed使失望。根据上文“Finally, bottled water isn’t even better for your health.”以及下文“tooth decay has become more serious”可知，随着瓶装水使用增多，对健康不利的情况更明显，即，龋齿更严重，文中对瓶装水不利于健康及龋齿更严重的描述可作为瓶装水使用量变化趋势的推断依据，故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，通过停止使用瓶装水，并鼓励他人也这样做，你将对地球大有裨益，同时也有益于你自己的健康。A. contribution贡献；B. favor恩惠，益处；C. help帮助；D. assistance援助。根据上文“To sum up, by stopping the use of bottled water, and encouraging others to do so”以及下文“benefiting your own health as well”可知，停止使用瓶装水对地球和自身健康都有好处，“benefiting your own health as well”可作为对地球有好处（即做了对地球有益之事）的类比依据，这里 “favor”更符合语境，故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $