内容正文:
译林版 必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance.期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
harm /hɑːm/ n. & vt. 伤害,损害
Smoking can harm your lungs.(吸烟会伤害你的肺。)
1. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的2. harmless /ˈhɑːmləs/ adj. 无害的
1. Junk food is harmful to children’s health.(垃圾食品对儿童健康有害。)2. This small insect is harmless to humans.(这种小昆虫对人类无害。)
2
soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤;国土,领土,土地;v. 弄脏
Plants grow well in fertile soil.(植物在肥沃的土壤里长得好。)
soiled /sɔɪld/ adj. 被弄脏的;被污染的
The white shirt was soiled by the oil stain.(白衬衫被油渍弄脏了。)
3
region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 地区,区域;行政区
This region is famous for its green tea.(这个地区以绿茶闻名。)
regional /ˈriːdʒənl/ adj. 地区的,区域的
The government is working to solve regional water shortages.(政府正致力于解决区域性缺水问题。)
4
continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆,陆地,洲
Asia is the largest continent in the world.(亚洲是世界上最大的洲。)
continental /ˌkɒntɪˈnentl/ adj. 大陆的,大洲的
The continental climate has four distinct seasons.(大陆性气候有明显的四季。)
5
million /ˈmɪljən/ num. 一百万;许多,大量
There are over one million people in this city.(这座城市有超过一百万人口。)
millionaire /ˌmɪljəˈneə(r)/ n. 百万富翁
His father became a millionaire by running a restaurant.(他父亲靠开餐馆成了百万富翁。)
6
length /leŋθ/ n. 长,长度;时间的长短;篇幅
The length of this river is 300 kilometers.(这条河的长度是300公里。)
1. long /lɒŋ/ adj. 长的;adv. 长久地2. lengthen /ˈleŋθən/ v. (使)变长,延长
1. The red rope is longer than the blue one.(红绳子比蓝绳子长。)2. We need to lengthen the table to fit more people.(我们需要把桌子加长,好坐下更多人。)
7
nut /nʌt/ n. 坚果
My grandma often buys nuts for me as snacks.(奶奶经常给我买坚果当零食。)
nutty /ˈnʌti/ adj. 多坚果的;古怪的(取“多坚果的”)
This cake is nutty and tastes very good.(这个蛋糕加了很多坚果,味道很好。)
8
variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 不同种类;变化,多样性;变种
There are a variety of flowers in the park.(公园里有各种各样的花。)
1. various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种各样的2. vary /ˈveəri/ v. 变化,改变
1. There are various books on the shelf.(书架上有各种各样的书。)2. The price of vegetables varies with the seasons.(蔬菜价格随季节变化。)
9
mass /mæs/ n. 大量;团,块,堆;一大群;adj. 大批的,广泛的
A mass of students gathered in the playground.(一大群学生聚集在操场上。)
massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj. 巨大的,大量的
A massive earthquake hit the small town last night.(昨晚一场大地震袭击了这个小镇。)
10
towering /ˈtaʊərɪŋ/ adj. 高大的,高耸的;出色的
There is a towering pine tree in front of our school.(我们学校门前有一棵高大的松树。)
tower /ˈtaʊə(r)/ v. 高耸,矗立;n. 塔
1. The mountain towers over the surrounding villages.(这座山高耸于周围的村庄之上。)2. We visited the ancient tower during our trip.(旅行时我们参观了那座古塔。)
11
living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活着的,活的;在使用的;n. 生计,谋生;生活方式
There are many living creatures in the ocean.(海洋里有许多生物。)
1. live /lɪv/ v. 居住;生活;/laɪv/ adj. 活的;adv. 现场地2. alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 活着的,在世的
1. We live in a small apartment near the park.(我们住在公园附近的一间小公寓里。)2. The little bird is still alive after falling from the tree.(小鸟从树上掉下来后还活着。)
12
survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存,存活;vt. 幸存,幸免于难
He managed to survive the car accident.(他在车祸中幸存了下来。)
1. survival /səˈvaɪvl/ n. 生存,存活;幸存者2. survivor /səˈvaɪvə(r)/ n. 幸存者,生还者
1. The survival of these rare animals is in danger.(这些珍稀动物的生存面临威胁。)2. She is the only survivor of the plane crash.(她是那次空难的唯一幸存者。)
13
insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫
Bees are helpful insects that make honey.(蜜蜂是能产蜜的益虫。)
insecticide /ɪnˈsektɪsaɪd/ n. 杀虫剂
Farmers use insecticide to kill pests on crops.(农民用杀虫剂杀死庄稼上的害虫。)
14
nutrient /ˈnjuːtriənt/ n. 营养素,营养物
Fruits and vegetables provide essential nutrients for our bodies.(水果和蔬菜为我们的身体提供必需的营养素。)
1. nutritious /njuˈtrɪʃəs/ adj. 有营养的,滋养的2. nutrition /njuˈtrɪʃn/ n. 营养,滋养
1. This soup is very nutritious and good for your health.(这碗汤很有营养,对你的健康有益。)2. Good nutrition helps children grow tall and strong.(良好的营养帮助孩子长高长壮。)
15
disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 不复存在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪
The stars disappeared when the sun rose.(太阳升起时,星星就消失了。)
disappearance /ˌdɪsəˈpɪərəns/ n. 消失,灭绝
The disappearance of this kind of bird worries scientists.(这种鸟类的消失让科学家们担忧。)
16
agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 农业,农学
Agriculture is the foundation of this country’s economy.(农业是这个国家经济的基础。)
agricultural /ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 农业的,农用的
The government has invested a lot in agricultural technology.(政府在农业技术上投入了大量资金。)
17
impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响,作用;撞击,冲撞;/ɪmˈpækt/ vi. & vt. 有影响;冲击
The new policy had a positive impact on the environment.(新政策对环境产生了积极影响。)
impactful /ɪmˈpæktfl/ adj. 有影响力的
His speech on environmental protection was very impactful.(他关于环境保护的演讲很有影响力。)
18
extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝,绝种
The extinction of dinosaurs happened millions of years ago.(恐龙的灭绝发生在数百万年前。)
1. extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 灭绝的,绝种的2. extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v. 熄灭;使灭绝
1. This species of fish has been extinct for 50 years.(这种鱼已经灭绝50年了。)2. Please extinguish the campfire before leaving.(离开前请熄灭篝火。)
19
damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. & n. 损害,伤害,损坏,破坏
The heavy rain damaged many houses in the village.(大雨损坏了村里的许多房屋。)
damaging /ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/ adj. 有损害的,有害的
His bad habits are damaging to his future.(他的坏习惯对他的未来有害。)
20
climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候;倾向,风气
The climate in this city is warm and wet all year round.(这座城市的气候全年温暖湿润。)
climatic /klaɪˈmætɪk/ adj. 气候的,与气候有关的
Climatic changes have affected crop growth.(气候变化影响了农作物的生长。)
21
global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的;全面的
Global warming is a serious problem for all countries.(全球变暖是所有国家面临的严重问题。)
1. globally /ˈɡləʊbəli/ adv. 全球地,全世界地2. globe /ɡləʊb/ n. 地球仪;地球,世界
1. This brand of mobile phone is sold globally.(这个品牌的手机在全球销售。)2. There is a big globe on the teacher’s desk.(老师的桌子上有一个大地球仪。)
22
gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体;煤气;汽油
Air is a mixture of different gases, like oxygen and nitrogen.(空气是不同气体的混合物,比如氧气和氮气。)
gaseous /ˈɡæsiəs/ adj. 气体的,气态的
Water can turn into a gaseous state when heated.(水受热时会变成气态。)
23
application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用,运用;申请
She submitted an application for the scholarship.(她提交了奖学金申请。)
1. apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 申请;应用2. applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ n. 申请人
1. You need to apply for a visa before going abroad.(出国前你需要申请签证。)2. There are over 100 applicants for this job.(这个职位有超过100名申请人。)
24
organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理
She works for an international environmental organization.(她在一个国际环保组织工作。)
1. organize /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ v. 组织,安排2. organized /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj. 有组织的,有条理的
1. We need to organize a charity event to help poor children.(我们需要组织一场慈善活动帮助贫困儿童。)2. He is an organized person and always keeps his desk tidy.(他是个有条理的人,总是把桌子收拾得很整洁。)
25
absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ adv. 绝对地,完全地;极其
I absolutely agree with your idea of protecting animals.(我完全同意你保护动物的想法。)
absolute /ˈæbsəluːt/ adj. 绝对的,完全的
There is no absolute freedom in the world.(世界上没有绝对的自由。)
26
image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 形象;图像;意象
This photo shows a beautiful image of the sunset.(这张照片展现了日落的美丽景象。)
1. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象,设想2. imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 想象,想象力
1. Can you imagine a world without trees?(你能想象一个没有树的世界吗?)2. Children have a rich imagination and like to tell stories.(孩子们想象力丰富,喜欢讲故事。)
27
track /træk/ vt. & vi. 跟踪,追踪;n. 足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线
The police tracked the thief to a small house.(警察追踪小偷到了一间小房子。)
tracker /ˈtrækə(r)/ n. 追踪者;跟踪装置
We use a GPS tracker to find our lost dog.(我们用GPS跟踪器寻找丢失的狗。)
28
resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民,住户;adj. 居住的
He has been a resident of this community for 10 years.(他已经是这个社区的居民10年了。)
1. reside /rɪˈzaɪd/ v. 居住,定居2. residence /ˈrezɪdəns/ n. 住宅,住所;居住
1. She resides in a small town in the south of China.(她居住在中国南方的一个小镇。)2. This is his new residence, which is near the park.(这是他的新住所,靠近公园。)
29
chief /tʃiːf/ n. 首领,最高领导人;adj. 主要的;首席的
The chief reason for his success is hard work.(他成功的主要原因是努力工作。)
chiefly /ˈtʃiːfli/ adv. 主要地,首要地
This dish is chiefly made of potatoes and carrots.(这道菜主要由土豆和胡萝卜做成。)
30
entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv. 完全地,全部地,完整地
I entirely forgot about our meeting yesterday.(我完全忘了我们昨天的会议。)
entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 完全的,全部的
She spent the entire weekend reading books.(她整个周末都在看书。)
31
profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ n. 利润,收益;好处;vi. & vt. 获益,得到好处
The company made a big profit last year.(这家公司去年赚了一大笔利润。)
profitable /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/ adj. 有利可图的,盈利的
Running a bookstore is not very profitable these days.(现在开书店不太盈利。)
32
defence /dɪˈfens/ (AmE defense) n. 辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守
We need to strengthen our national defence.(我们需要加强国防。)
1. defend /dɪˈfend/ v. 保卫,防御;辩护2. defensive /dɪˈfensɪv/ adj. 防御的,防卫的;n. 防御姿态
1. Soldiers defend our country day and night.(士兵们日夜保卫我们的国家。)2. He took a defensive attitude when asked about his mistake.(当被问到错误时,他采取了防御的态度。)
33
various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种不同的,各种各样的
There are various ways to solve this math problem.(解决这道数学题有多种方法。)
1. vary /ˈveəri/ v. 变化,改变2. variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 种类,多样性
1. The temperature varies a lot in spring.(春天的气温变化很大。)2. We need a variety of materials for the project.(我们需要多种材料来做这个项目。)
34
process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过程,进程;步骤,流程;vt. 加工,处理
The process of making bread is not very difficult.(做面包的过程并不难。)
1. processing /ˈprəʊsesɪŋ/ n. 加工,处理;adj. 加工的2. processor /ˈprəʊsesə(r)/ n. 处理器;加工者
1. The processing of raw materials takes about two hours.(原材料的加工大约需要两小时。)2. This computer has a fast processor and runs smoothly.(这台电脑处理器很快,运行很流畅。)
35
economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的,经济上的;可赚钱的
The country has made great economic progress.(这个国家取得了巨大的经济进步。)
1. economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ n. 经济;节约2. economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/ adj. 经济的,节约的
1. The economy of this city is developing rapidly.(这座城市的经济发展迅速。)2. She is economical with water and never wastes it.(她节约用水,从不浪费。)
36
strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略,行动计划;策划,部署
We need a new strategy to reduce pollution.(我们需要一个新策略来减少污染。)
strategic /strəˈtiːdʒɪk/ adj. 战略的,策略的
This is a strategic decision that will affect our future.(这是一个会影响我们未来的战略性决定。)
37
recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ vt. 回收利用,再利用
We should recycle paper and plastic to protect the environment.(我们应该回收纸和塑料来保护环境。)
1. recycling /ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/ n. 回收利用;adj. 回收利用的2. recyclable /ˌriːˈsaɪkləbl/ adj. 可回收利用的;n. 可回收物
1. Recycling is an important way to save resources.(回收利用是节约资源的重要方式。)2. These bottles are recyclable—please put them in the blue bin.(这些瓶子可回收,请把它们放进蓝色垃圾桶。)
38
former /ˈfɔːmə(r)/ adj. 昔日的,前任的;以前的,从前的
Her former job was a teacher in a primary school.(她以前的工作是小学老师。)
formerly /ˈfɔːməli/ adv. 以前,从前
This building was formerly a hospital, but now it’s a library.(这座建筑以前是医院,现在是图书馆。)
39
official /əˈfɪʃl/ n. 官员,要员;adj. 公务的;正式的,官方的
The official announced the new policy at the meeting.(官员在会议上宣布了新政策。)
1. officially /əˈfɪʃəli/ adv. 官方地,正式地2. office /ˈɒfɪs/ n. 办公室;办事处
1. The plan was officially approved by the government.(这个计划得到了政府的正式批准。)2. My father works in an office downtown.(我爸爸在市中心的一间办公室工作。)
40
poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n. 贫穷,贫困;贫乏
We should try our best to help people out of poverty.(我们应该尽力帮助人们摆脱贫困。)
1. poor /pɔː(r)/ adj. 贫穷的;可怜的;差的2. poorly /ˈpɔːli/ adv. 糟糕地;贫困地;adj. 健康不佳的
1. He grew up in a poor family but studied very hard.(他在贫困家庭长大,但学习非常努力。)2. She did poorly in the English exam and needs to practice more.(她英语考试考得不好,需要多练习。)
41
poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ vt. 污染;毒死,毒害;n. 毒物,毒药
This plant contains a kind of poison that is harmful to humans.(这种植物含有对人类有害的毒素。)
poisonous /ˈpɔɪzənəs/ adj. 有毒的,有害的
Some mushrooms are poisonous and can’t be eaten.(有些蘑菇有毒,不能吃。)
42
chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品;adj. 化学的;化学作用的
Farmers use too many chemicals on crops sometimes.(农民有时在庄稼上使用过多化学制品。)
1. chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学2. chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 化学家;药剂师
1. I like studying chemistry because it’s very interesting.(我喜欢学化学,因为它很有趣。)2. You can buy this medicine from a local chemist.(你可以在当地药店买到这种药。)
43
consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 结果,后果;重要性
His careless driving led to bad consequences.(他粗心驾驶导致了严重的后果。)
1. consequent /ˈkɒnsɪkwənt/ adj. 随之发生的,作为结果的2. consequently /ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli/ adv. 因此,所以
1. There was a consequent drop in sales after the price increase.(涨价后,销量随之下降。)2. He missed the train, consequently he was late for work.(他没赶上火车,因此上班迟到了。)
44
further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ adj. 更多的,更进一步的;adv. 较远,更远;进一步;vt. 促进,增进
We need further discussion to make a decision.(我们需要进一步讨论才能做决定。)
1. farther /ˈfɑːðə(r)/ adj. & adv. 更远的/地2. furthermore /ˈfɜːðəˈmɔː(r)/ adv. 此外,而且
1. He ran farther than anyone else in the race.(赛跑中他比其他人跑得都远。)2. The house is big; furthermore, it’s in a good location.(这房子很大,此外,地理位置也很好。)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$