内容正文:
译林版 必修二 Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy.期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
skydiving /ˈskaɪdaɪvɪŋ/ n. 跳伞运动
Many people think skydiving is an exciting extreme sport.(很多人认为跳伞是一项刺激的极限运动。)
skydive /ˈskaɪdaɪv/ v. 跳伞;n. 跳伞运动
1. He plans to skydive for the first time on his 20th birthday.(他计划在20岁生日时第一次尝试跳伞。)2. A skydive from 10,000 meters needs great courage.(从1万米高空跳伞需要极大的勇气。)
2
congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ n. 祝贺,恭喜;贺辞;恭贺
We sent our congratulations to her on winning the English competition.(我们为她赢得英语比赛送上祝贺。)
1. congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/ v. 祝贺,向……道贺2. congratulatory /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪtəri/ adj. 祝贺的,道贺的
1. I called to congratulate him on his new job offer.(我打电话祝贺他获得新工作。)2. The school sent a congratulatory letter to the top student.(学校给优等生寄了一封贺信。)
3
assume /əˈsjuːm/ vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现,显露
People often assume that he is quiet because he rarely talks.(人们常以为他很内向,因为他很少说话。)
1. assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假定,假设;承担,担任2. assuming /əˈsjuːmɪŋ/ adj. 假定的,假设的;conj. 假定,假设
1. The assumption that all students like playing games is not true.(认为所有学生都喜欢玩游戏的假设是错误的。)2. Assuming it snows tomorrow, we will cancel the outdoor activity.(假定明天下雪,我们就取消户外活动。)
4
tend /tend/ vi. 往往会;趋向;vt. 照看
Prices tend to go up before the Spring Festival.(春节前物价往往会上涨。)
tendency /ˈtendənsi/ n. 倾向,趋势;偏好
There is a tendency for young people to prefer online shopping.(年轻人有偏爱网购的趋势。)
5
immune /ɪˈmjuːn/ adj. 有免疫力;不受影响的;免除的
After getting the flu vaccine, you will be immune to the flu for a while.(接种流感疫苗后,你会在一段时间内对流感有免疫力。)
1. immunity /ɪˈmjuːnəti/ n. 免疫力;豁免权2. immunize /ˈɪmjunaɪz/ v. 使免疫,给……接种疫苗
1. Regular exercise can help improve your immunity against diseases.(规律运动有助于提高你对疾病的免疫力。)2. The hospital will immunize all children in the community against polio.(医院将为社区所有儿童接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗。)
6
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ vt. 减少,缩小
We should reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the environment.(我们应该减少塑料袋的使用以保护环境。)
1. reduction /rɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 减少,降低;缩减量2. reducible /rɪˈdjuːsəbl/ adj. 可减少的;可简化的
1. There has been a 20% reduction in water waste since the new policy.(新政策实施后,水资源浪费减少了20%。)2. This complex problem is reducible to a few simple steps.(这个复杂问题可以简化为几个简单步骤。)
7
routine /ruːˈtiːn/ n. 常规,惯例;adj. 常规的,例行的;乏味的
My morning routine includes washing my face, brushing my teeth and having breakfast.(我的晨间常规包括洗脸、刷牙和吃早餐。)
routinely /ruːˈtiːnli/ adv. 常规地,例行公事地;通常
The equipment in the lab is routinely checked every month to ensure safety.(实验室设备每月都会例行检查以确保安全。)
8
muscle /ˈmʌsl/ n. 肌肉,肌
Lifting weights can make your arm muscles stronger.(举重能让你的手臂肌肉更强壮。)
muscular /ˈmʌskjələr/ adj. 肌肉的;肌肉发达的,强健的
He has a muscular body because he goes to the gym every day.(他身材健硕,因为每天都去健身房。)
9
aerobic /eəˈrəʊbɪk/ adj. 有氧的;需氧的
Running, swimming and cycling are all aerobic exercises.(跑步、游泳和骑自行车都是有氧运动。)
aerobics /eəˈrəʊbɪks/ n. 有氧运动;有氧健身操
She attends aerobics classes at the community center three times a week.(她每周三次去社区中心上有氧健身操课。)
10
jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ n. 慢跑锻炼
Jogging in the park every evening helps me relax after work.(每天晚上在公园慢跑能帮我下班后放松。)
jog /dʒɒɡ/ v. 慢跑;轻推,轻撞;n. 慢跑;轻推
I jog for 30 minutes every morning to keep fit.(我每天早上慢跑30分钟保持健康。)
11
skiing /ˈskiːɪŋ/ n. 滑雪(运动)
Skiing is a popular winter sport in mountainous areas.(滑雪是山区流行的冬季运动。)
ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪;n. 滑雪板
He learned to ski when he was 10 years old during a family trip.(他10岁时全家旅行,学会了滑雪。)
12
bone /bəʊn/ n. 骨头,骨
Drinking milk every day is good for your bones and teeth.(每天喝牛奶对骨骼和牙齿有益。)
bony /ˈbəʊni/ adj. 瘦骨嶙峋的;多骨的;骨质的
The old man has a bony face because he hasn’t been eating well lately.(这位老人最近吃得不好,脸显得瘦骨嶙峋。)
13
gymnastics /dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/ n. 体操,体操训练
She has been practicing gymnastics since she was 5 years old.(她从5岁起就开始练习体操。)
gymnast /ˈdʒɪmnæst/ n. 体操运动员
The young gymnast won three gold medals at the national competition.(这位年轻的体操运动员在全国比赛中获得了三枚金牌。)
14
stretch /stretʃ/ vt. & vi. 伸展,舒展;拉长;伸出;(使)延伸
You should stretch your legs and arms before doing sports.(做运动前,你应该伸展四肢。)
1. stretchy /ˈstretʃi/ adj. 有弹性的,可伸展的2. stretchable /ˈstretʃəbl/ adj. 可伸展的,可拉长的
1. This pair of pants is stretchy, so it fits different body types.(这条裤子有弹性,适合不同体型。)2. The fabric is stretchable up to 1.5 times its original length.(这种面料能拉伸到原长的1.5倍。)
15
range /reɪndʒ/ n. (变动或浮动的)范围,界限,区间;一系列;vi. 变动,变化
The temperature today ranges from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius.(今天的气温在15到25摄氏度之间变化。)
ranging /ˈreɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 变化的,变动的;v. 变化,变动(range 的现在分词)
The prices of the T-shirts are ranging from 80 to 200 yuan in this store.(这家店的T恤价格在80到200元之间不等。)
16
movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 活动,转动;移动;运动
The movement of the Earth around the Sun causes seasons.(地球绕太阳的公转产生了四季。)
1. move /muːv/ v. 移动;促使;n. 移动;行动,举措2. movable /ˈmuːvəbl/ adj. 可移动的;n. 动产
1. Please move the desk to the corner of the room.(请把桌子移到房间角落。)2. The shelves are movable, so we can rearrange the room easily.(这些架子是可移动的,方便我们重新布置房间。)
17
energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能,能量;精力;能源
Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source.(太阳能是清洁的可再生能源。)
1. energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的,充满活力的2. energize /ˈenədʒaɪz/ v. 使精力充沛;给……供能
1. He is always energetic and never feels tired even after a long day’s work.(他总是精力充沛,即使工作一整天也不觉得累。)2. A cup of hot tea can energize me on cold mornings.(寒冷的早晨,一杯热茶能让我恢复活力。)
18
average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ n. 平均水平,一般水准;adj. 平均的;典型的
The average score of our class in the math exam is 85.(我们班数学考试的平均分是85分。)
averagely /ˈævərɪdʒli/ adv. 平均地,通常
Averagely, students spend about 2 hours doing homework every day.(学生平均每天花约2小时做作业。)
19
sweat /swet/ n. 汗水;vt. & vi. 出汗,流汗
He was covered in sweat after playing basketball for an hour.(打了一小时篮球后,他浑身是汗。)
sweaty /ˈsweti/ adj. 出汗的,满是汗水的;闷热的
His sweaty hands showed that he was nervous about the speech.(他出汗的双手表明他对演讲感到紧张。)
20
injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害,损伤
He suffered a leg injury in a car accident last week.(上周他在车祸中腿部受了伤。)
1. injure /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ v. 伤害,使受伤;损害2. injurious /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/ adj. 有害的,致伤的
1. The falling tree injured two passers-by.(倒下的树砸伤了两名路人。)2. Smoking is injurious to both your lungs and heart.(吸烟对你的肺和心脏都有害。)
21
prevent /prɪˈvent/ vt. 阻止,阻碍
Washing hands frequently can prevent the spread of germs.(勤洗手能阻止细菌传播。)
1. prevention /prɪˈvenʃn/ n. 预防,防止;防范措施2. preventive /prɪˈventɪv/ adj. 预防的,防止的;n. 预防措施,预防药
1. The prevention of forest fires is very important in summer.(夏季预防森林火灾至关重要。)2. We need to take preventive measures to avoid floods in rainy seasons.(雨季我们需要采取预防措施防洪。)
22
lack /læk/ n. 缺乏,匮乏,短缺;vt. & vi. 没有,缺乏,不足,短缺
The project failed because of a lack of financial support.(这个项目因缺乏资金支持而失败。)
lacking /ˈlækɪŋ/ adj. 缺乏的,不足的;prep. 没有,缺乏
She is lacking in confidence when speaking in front of a large crowd.(在众人面前讲话时,她缺乏自信。)
23
maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ vt. 维持;维修,保养
We need to maintain regular contact with our family members.(我们需要与家人保持定期联系。)
1. maintenance /ˈmeɪntənəns/ n. 维持,保持;维修,保养2. maintainable /meɪnˈteɪnəbl/ adj. 可维持的,可保持的
1. The car requires regular maintenance to run smoothly.(这辆车需要定期保养才能平稳行驶。)2. This healthy lifestyle is maintainable if you stick to a regular schedule.(只要你坚持规律作息,这种健康生活方式是可以维持的。)
24
announce /əˈnaʊns/ vt. 宣布,宣告;通知
The school will announce the results of the scholarship tomorrow.(学校明天将公布奖学金评选结果。)
1. announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ n. 宣布,宣告;通知,启事2. announcer /əˈnaʊnsə(r)/ n. 广播员,播音员;宣告者
1. There was an announcement about the school trip on the noticeboard.(布告栏上有一则关于学校旅行的通知。)2. She works as a news announcer for a local TV station.(她在当地电视台担任新闻播音员。)
25
update /ˌʌpˈdeɪt/ vt. 使现代化,更新;向…提供最新信息;/ˈʌpdeɪt/ n. 最新消息
You should update your phone’s operating system to fix the software bug.(你应该更新手机操作系统以修复软件漏洞。)
updated /ˌʌpˈdeɪtɪd/ adj. 更新的,最新的;v. 更新,使现代化(update 的过去分词/过去式)
The updated version of this app adds a new function for online payment.(这款应用的更新版本增加了在线支付的新功能。)
26
replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 用…替换;代替,取代;更换,更新
We need to replace the old air conditioner with a new one before summer.(夏天前我们需要把旧空调换成新的。)
1. replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换,更换;替代品,接替者2. replaceable /rɪˈpleɪsəbl/ adj. 可替换的,可替代的
1. The replacement of the old bridge will take about six months.(更换旧桥大约需要六个月时间。)2. Most parts of this machine are replaceable, so it’s easy to repair.(这台机器的大部分零件都可替换,维修很方便。)
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athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员
He is a professional athlete who specializes in long-distance running.(他是一名专业运动员,专攻长跑。)
1. athletic /æθˈletɪk/ adj. 运动的;体格健壮的,擅长运动的2. athletics /æθˈletɪks/ n. 田径运动;体育运动
1. She has an athletic build and excels in basketball and volleyball.(她体格健硕,擅长篮球和排球。)2. Athletics events include sprinting, high jump and shot put.(田径项目包括短跑、跳高和铅球。)
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boxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n. 拳击运动
Boxing is a contact sport that requires strength and speed.(拳击是一项需要力量和速度的接触性运动。)
1. box /bɒks/ v. 拳击;装箱;n. 盒子,箱子;拳击运动2. boxer /ˈbɒksə(r)/ n. 拳击手;装箱工
1. He likes to box with his brother in the backyard on weekends.(他周末喜欢和弟弟在后院打拳击。)2. The famous boxer has won 30 matches without a single loss.(这位著名拳击手赢了30场比赛,未尝一败。)
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champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军,第一名;vt. 捍卫,支持
She became the champion of the national singing competition.(她成为了全国歌唱比赛的冠军。)
1. championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ n. 锦标赛;冠军头衔;捍卫,支持2. championed /ˈtʃæmpiənd/ adj. 受拥护的,受支持的;v. 捍卫,支持(champion 的过去分词/过去式)
1. The World Football Championship is held every four years.(世界杯足球赛每四年举办一次。)2. Her proposal to protect local wildlife was championed by many environmentalists.(她保护当地野生动物的提议得到了许多环保人士的支持。)
30
gym /dʒɪm/ n. 健身房,体育馆
I go to the gym near my home to exercise every evening.(我每天晚上去家附近的健身房锻炼。)
gymnasium /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/ n. 体育馆,健身房(gym 的全称形式)
The new gymnasium in our school can hold up to 2,000 people.(我们学校的新体育馆能容纳多达2000人。)
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partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ n. 搭档,同伴;伙伴;合伙人;vt. & vi. (与……)结伴,合作
She is my partner in the English debate competition.(她是我英语辩论赛的搭档。)
partnership /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/ n. 伙伴关系;合作关系;合伙企业
The two tech companies formed a partnership to develop new AI products.(这两家科技公司建立合作关系,共同研发新的人工智能产品。)
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position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 处境;位置;姿势;观点;地位;vt. 安置,定位
Can you mark the position of the city on this map?(你能在这张地图上标出这座城市的位置吗?)
1. positioned /pəˈzɪʃnd/ adj. 位于……的;处于……地位的;v. 安置,定位(position 的过去分词/过去式)2. positioning /pəˈzɪʃnɪŋ/ n. 定位;安置;v. 定位,安置(position 的现在分词)
1. The hotel is positioned near the train station, making it easy to travel.(这家酒店位于火车站附近,出行很方便。)2. The positioning of the advertisement on the homepage increases its visibility.(广告在首页的定位提高了它的曝光度。)
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hesitate /ˈhezɪteɪt/ vi. 犹豫,迟疑
Don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for help if you don’t understand.(如果你不懂,别犹豫,向老师求助。)
1. hesitation /ˌhezɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 犹豫,迟疑;踌躇2. hesitant /ˈhezɪtənt/ adj. 犹豫的,迟疑的,踌躇的
1. She answered the question without hesitation.(她毫不犹豫地回答了这个问题。)2. He was hesitant to accept the job because it required moving to another city.(他犹豫是否接受这份工作,因为它要求搬到另一个城市。)
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admit /ədˈmɪt/ vt. & vi. 承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入
He finally admitted that he had forgotten to do his homework.(他最终承认自己忘了做作业。)
1. admission /ədˈmɪʃn/ n. 承认;招认;入场费;准许进入2. admitted /ədˈmɪtɪd/ adj. 公认的;被承认的;v. 承认,准许进入(admit 的过去分词/过去式)
1. The admission fee for the science museum is 60 yuan for adults.(科学博物馆的成人入场费是60元。)2. It is an admitted fact that reading helps improve vocabulary.(阅读有助于扩大词汇量,这是公认的事实。)
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inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
Her story of overcoming difficulties inspired many young people.(她克服困难的故事激励了许多年轻人。)
1. inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人/事物;启发2. inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 鼓舞人心的,激励人的;v. 激励,启发(inspire 的现在分词)
1. He found inspiration for his novel in his childhood memories.(他从童年记忆中为小说找到了灵感。)2. It is an inspiring movie that teaches people to never give up.(这是一部鼓舞人心的电影,教会人们永不放弃。)
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explore /ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/ vt. & vi. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察
Scientists are working to explore the secrets of the deep ocean.(科学家们正努力探索深海的奥秘。)
1. exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察2. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ n. 探险家,勘探者;探索者
1. The exploration of outer space has always been a human dream.(探索外太空一直是人类的梦想。)2. Columbus was a famous explorer who discovered the Americas.(哥伦布是著名的探险家,发现了美洲大陆。)
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inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
Her paintings are full of inspiration from nature.(她的画作充满了来自自然的灵感。)
1. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 激励,鼓舞;启发;赋予灵感2. inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/ adj. 鼓舞人心的,有启发的
1. Teachers should inspire students to think independently.(教师应激励学生独立思考。)2. His speech was inspirational and made everyone feel hopeful.(他的演讲鼓舞人心,让每个人都充满希望。)
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master /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ n. 大师,能手;主人;vt. 精通,掌握;控制
He spent five years to master the skill of playing the piano.(他花了五年时间掌握钢琴演奏技巧。)
1. mastery /ˈmɑːstəri/ n. 精通,掌握;统治,控制2. masterful /ˈmɑːstəfl/ adj. 技艺精湛的;专横的
1. His mastery of English allows him to work in an international company.(他对英语的精通让他能在跨国公司工作。)2. She gave a masterful performance in the piano concert.(她在钢琴演奏会上展现了精湛的技艺。)
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imitate /ˈɪmɪteɪt/ vt. 模仿;仿效
Young children often imitate the behavior of their parents.(小孩子经常模仿父母的行为。)
1. imitation /ˌɪmɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 模仿;仿制品,赝品2. imitative /ˈɪmɪtətɪv/ adj. 模仿的,仿制的;爱模仿的
1. The painting is an imitation of a famous work by Van Gogh.(这幅画是梵高一幅名作的仿制品。)2. Some birds are imitative and can copy human sounds.(有些鸟爱模仿,能模仿人类的声音。)
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ache /eɪk/ vi. & n. 疼痛,隐痛
My head aches because I stayed up late to finish my report.(我因为熬夜写报告,头很疼。)
aching /ˈeɪkɪŋ/ adj. 疼痛的;渴望的;v. 疼痛,渴望(ache 的现在分词)
She rubbed her aching back after sitting at the desk for hours.(在书桌前坐了几小时后,她揉了揉酸痛的后背。)
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satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ n. 满意;满足,达到
He looked at his finished model plane with satisfaction.(他满意地看着自己完成的飞机模型。)
1. satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v. 使满意,满足;符合,达到2. satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj. 满意的,满足的;v. 使满意(satisfy 的过去分词/过去式)
1. The company tries its best to satisfy customers’ needs.(这家公司尽力满足客户需求。)2. I am satisfied with my exam results this time.(我对这次的考试成绩很满意。)
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root /ruːt/ vt. & vi. (使)生根;n. 根,根茎;根源,起因
The tree has deep roots that help it stand in strong winds.(这棵树的根很深,能让它在大风中屹立不倒。)
1. rooted /ˈruːtɪd/ adj. 根深蒂固的;生根的;v. 生根,扎根(root 的过去分词/过去式)2. rooting /ˈruːtɪŋ/ v. 生根;支持,拥护;n. 生根;支持(root 的现在分词)
1. The idea of respect for the elderly is deeply rooted in our culture.(尊老的观念在我们的文化中根深蒂固。)2. We are all rooting for our school team to win the match.(我们都在为校队赢得比赛加油。)
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philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 哲学;人生哲学,生活信条
His philosophy of life is to help others as much as possible.(他的人生哲学是尽可能帮助别人。)
1. philosopher /fəˈlɒsəfə(r)/ n. 哲学家,哲人;思想家2. philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl/ adj. 哲学的;达观的,冷静的
1. Socrates was a great ancient Greek philosopher.(苏格拉底是古希腊伟大的哲学家。)2. She has a philosophical attitude towards failure and never gives up.(她对失败持达观态度,从不放弃。)
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unity /ˈjuːnəti/ n. 统一体,联合体,整体;团结一致,联合,统一
The unity of the team is the key to winning the competition.(团队的团结是赢得比赛的关键。)
1. unite /juˈnaɪt/ v. 联合,团结;统一,合并2. united /juˈnaɪtɪd/ adj. 联合的,统一的;团结的
1. All countries should unite to fight against climate change.(所有国家应团结起来应对气候变化。)2. The United Nations works to promote peace around the world.(联合国致力于促进全球和平。)
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exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ vi. 存在;生活,生存
Do you believe that life exists on other planets?(你相信其他行星上存在生命吗?)
1. existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/ n. 存在;生活,生存方式2. existing /ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/ adj. 现存的,现有的;v. 存在,生存(exist 的现在分词)
1. The existence of this ancient city was discovered by accident.(这座古城的存在是偶然发现的。)2. We need to improve the existing public transportation system.(我们需要改善现有的公共交通系统。)
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backwards /ˈbækwədz/ (also backward) adv. 向后;朝反方向
He walked backwards slowly to avoid stepping on the broken glass.(他慢慢向后走,以免踩到碎玻璃。)
backward /ˈbækwəd/ adj. 向后的;落后的,发展迟缓的;adv. 向后;倒着
1. The village is backward in terms of medical facilities.(这个村庄在医疗设施方面比较落后。)2. She fell backward when she tripped over the stone.(她被石头绊倒,向后摔倒了。)
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breathe /briːð/ vi. & vt. 呼吸;呼出
We need to breathe fresh air every day to keep healthy.(我们每天需要呼吸新鲜空气来保持健康。)
1. breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸;气息;一口气2. breathless /ˈbreθləs/ adj. 气喘吁吁的;屏息的;无风的
1. Take a deep breath and try to calm down.(深呼吸,试着冷静下来。)2. She was breathless after running up the five flights of stairs.(跑上五层楼梯后,她气喘吁吁。)
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diagram /ˈdaɪəɡræm/ n. 简图,图解,图表,示意图;vt. 用图表展示
The teacher drew a diagram to explain how the machine works.(老师画了一张图来解释这台机器的工作原理。)
1. diagrammatic /ˌdaɪəɡrəˈmætɪk/ adj. 图表的,用图表表示的2. diagrammatically /ˌdaɪəɡrəˈmætɪkli/ adv. 用图表地,以图解方式
1. The report includes a diagrammatic explanation of the process.(报告包含对该流程的图表说明。)2. The steps of the experiment are explained diagrammatically in the textbook.(实验步骤在课本中用图表方式进行了解释。)
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