Unit 1 Happy Holiday 语法Grammar 不定代词和一般过去时（思维导图+习题训练）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和一般过去时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分）    【要点拓展】复合不定代词是由some-、any-、no-、every-加上-body、-one、-thing、-where构成的不定代词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。 一、复合不定代词的种类： -one -body -thing -where some- someone某人 somebody某人 something某事；某物 somewhere某地 any- anyone任何人 anybody任何人 anything任何事物 anywhere任何地方 every- everyone所有人 everybody所有人 everything所有事物 everywhere每个地方 no-    no one 没有人 nobody 没有人 nothing 没有什么 nowhere 没有地方 Nothing can stop us from going forward. 没有什么能阻止我们前进。（作主语) He didn’t see anybody in the park. 他在公园里没看到任何人。（作宾语) Money isn’t everything. 金钱不是万能的。（作表语) 二、复合不定代词的考点：1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。 No one likes to fail.没有人喜欢失败。 2.复合不定代词被定语（形容词、不定式、else等）修饰时，定语要后置。 I want to buy something special for my grandmother. 我想给我的奶奶买些特别的东西。 Ask somebody else to help you. 另请个人来帮帮你吧。 3.some-类和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别 （1）some-类复合不定代词常用于肯定句；any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句和疑问句。 There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出问题了。 Is there anyone at home? 家里有人吗? The old lady couldn’t see anything at all.那位老妇人根本什么都看不见。 （2）在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some-类复合不定代词。 Should we call a doctor or someone? 我们要不要请个大夫什么的? Would you like something to drink？你想要喝点儿什么吗? 4.every-类复合不定代词与not连用时，表示部分否定；若表示全部否定，则要用no-类复合不定代词，或是在否定句中用any-类复合不定代词。 Not everyone knows her. 不是所有人都认识她。（部分否定) Nobody knows her. 没有人认识她。（全部否定) There isn’t anyone in the classroom. 教室里没有人。（全部否定)    一、一般过去时的基本用法 1．表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday、last week、in 2020、two years ago等。 Tom asked me a funny question yesterday. 昨天汤姆问了我一个好笑的问题。 Marco Polo began his travels to Asia in 1271. 1271年，马可·波罗开始了他的亚洲之行。2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的副词连用。 He often ran in the morning last year.去年他经常在早上跑步。 二、一般过去时的基本句式 句子类型 含系动词 be 含行为动词 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + was/were + not +其他. 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Yes, 主语 + was/were. Yes, 主语 + did. No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. No, 主语 + didn't. 三、过去式的规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则 一般情况 加-ed play—played offer—offered start—started 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后读/ɪd/ 以e结尾的动词 加-d like—liked hate—hated live—lived 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后读/ɪd/ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 变y为i，再加-ed cry—cried study—studied carry—carried 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/ 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed plan—planned stop—stopped shop—shopped 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/ 四、过去式的不规则变化 不规则动词的过去式变化需要特殊记忆，大致可分为以下几种： 变化 例词 保持不变 set-set  cut-cut 遇见i，a来替 sit-sat  swim-swam ow/aw变ew draw-drew  know-knew 结尾d，变成t lend-lent  build-built ought/aught替 catch-caught  buy-bought 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．But I can’t promise you ________. You’ll have to try it yourself. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：但我不能向你承诺任何事。你得自己试试。 考查不定代词辨析。something某事、某物；anything任何事、任何物；everything每件事；nothing没有什么。根据“can’t”及“You’ll have to try it yourself.”可知，此处应用anything，符合否定句中用anything的语法规则，且语义上表示“不能保证任何事”。故选B。 2．—Wow! This maths problem is so easy. —Yeah, but I don’t think ________ can work it out correctly. A．everyone B．someone C．anything D．no one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哇！这道数学题太容易了。 ——是的，但我不认为每个人都能正确地解决这个问题。 考查代词辨析。everyone每个人；someone某人；anything任何事物；no one没有人。根据“I don’t think…can work it out correctly.”可知，是认为不是每个人都能解出来，not与everyone构成部分否定。故选A。 3．— Hi, Peter. What are you doing at the moment? — I’m working on ________. A．important something B．important anything C．something important D．anything important 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，彼得。你此刻正在做什么？——我正在做重要的事。 考查不定代词的用法以及形容词修饰不定代词的位置。important something错误表达；important anything错误表达；something important重要的事；anything important重要的任何事。根据形容词修饰不定代词要后置，且此句是肯定句，要用something，可知“something important”符合要求。故选C。 4．I don’t have ________ to do today. I can play with you. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我今天没什么事可做。我可以和你一起玩。 考查不定代词。something某事；nothing没有东西；everything所有事；anything任何事。根据“I can play with you.”可知，我没有什么事要做，在否定句中，用anything。故选D。 5．—Would you like ________ to eat? —Yes, some bread, please. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你想要吃点什么吗？——好的，来一些面包吧。 考查代词辨析。something某物；anything任何事物；nothing无物；everything一切。根据“Would you like ... to eat?”可知，在一般疑问句中，若表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答用something。故选A。 6．Please be quiet! I have ________ to tell you. A．important something B．something important C．anything important D．important anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请安静！我有重要的事情要告诉你。     考查形容词修饰不定代词的用法。something一些事情；anything任何事情。根据“Please be quiet! I have...”可知，此句是肯定句，根据形容词修饰不定代词要后置的语法规则，“something important”符合结构。故选B。 7．Would you like ________ to drink, Lily? I think you are thirsty. A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Lily，你想喝点什么吗？我觉得你口渴了。 考查代词辨析。everything一切；anything任何事物，常用于疑问句或否定句；something一些事物，常用于肯定句以及提出建议或请求的疑问句中；nothing没有什么（事物）。根据“Would you like…to drink”可知，此处是提出建议，需用something。故选C。 8．There is ________ in the world if you set your mind to do it. A．nothing difficult B．difficult nothing C．something difficult D．difficult something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你下定决心去做，世界上没有什么困难的事情。 考查不定代词及形容词的位置。nothing没什么；something某事，不定代词；difficult困难的，形容词；形容词修饰不定代词要放在其后，排除B和D；根据“if you set your mind to do it”可知，此处表达的是“如果下定决心去做某事，就没有困难的事情”，应用nothing表示否定，故选A。 9．—Listen! ________ is knocking at the door. —Oh, it’s just a playful cat. A．Somebody B．Nobody C．Anybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——听！有人在敲门。 ——哦，只是一只顽皮的猫。 考查不定代词辨析。Somebody有人，用于肯定句；Nobody没有人；Anybody任何人，用于否定句或疑问句。根据“Listen!... is knocking at the door.”可知，此处表示“有人在敲门”，且为肯定句，故选A。 10．Look! There is _________ in the classroom. It’s empty. A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！教室里没有人。它是空的。 考查代词辨析。nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“It’s empty.”可知，教室里没有人。故选A。 11．Is there ________ in today’s newspaper, Linda? A．anything exciting B．anything excited C．exciting anything D．excited anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达，今天的报纸上有（什么）令人高兴的消息吗？ 考查不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词位于其后，排除CD，修饰事物用-ing形式的形容词，排除B。故选A。 12．—Is there ________ in the box? —Nothing. A．something else B．else something C．anything else D．else anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——盒子里还有别的东西吗？——没什么。 考查不定代词辨析和定语后置。something else别的东西，多用于肯定句中；else something表述错误；anything else别的东西，多用于否定句和疑问句中；else anything表述错误。根据“Is there ... in the box?”可知，本句是一般疑问句，故选C。 13．________ knows everything about him, because he never tells ________ about his private life. A．Somebody; something B．Anybody; anything C．Nobody; anything D．Everybody; something 【答案】C 【详解】句意：没有人对他的一切情况都了如指掌，因为他从不透露任何有关其个人生活的信息。 考查代词辨析。Somebody某人；Anybody任何人；Nobody没人；Everybody每个人。根据“...knows everything about him, because he never tells ... about his private life.”可知，他从不透露个人信息，所以没有人了解，第一处用Nobody。something某事；anything任何事。根据“because he never tells ... about his private life”可知，此处是否定句，用anything。故选C。 14．—Is there _________ in today’s newspaper? —No, I don’t see it. A．something special B．anything special C．special something 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天的报纸有什么特别的吗？——没有，我没看到。 考查不定代词。something某事，用于肯定句；anything任何事，用于疑问句或否定句；special特别的，形容词。根据“Is there... in today’s newspaper?”可知，此处是疑问句，所以用anything。故选B。 15．—Is there ________ in the classroom?             —No. It’s empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．someone; Everyone B．anyone; Someone C．anyone; Everyone D．everyone; Everyone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——教室里有人吗？——没有。教室里是空的。所有人都出去做运动了！ 考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，常用于肯定句；anyone任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；everyone每个人。第一句是一般疑问句，应用anyone；根据“No. It’s empty.”可知，第二句指所有人都出去了，应用everyone。故选C。 16．—Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily? —I’d like to go ________. A．anywhere cool B．cool somewhere C．somewhere cool D．nowhere cool 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你想去哪里度假？——我想去一个凉爽的地方。 考查形容词修饰不定代词。当形容词修饰不定代词时需后置；根据答句“I’d like to go...”可知表达的是肯定的愿望；anywhere常用于否定句或疑问句，somewhere用于肯定句中，nowhere意为“无处”。故选C。 17．—Is there anyone in the classroom? —No. It is empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．Someone B．Anyone C．Everyone D．No one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——教室里有人吗？——没有。教室里是空的。所有人都出去做运动了！ 考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，常用于肯定句；anyone任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；everyone每个人；no one没有人。根据“No. It is empty.”以及“out to play sports”可知，所有人都出去了，应用everyone。故选C。 18．—I thought she would arrive on time! —It’s not a big deal. After all, ________ is perfect. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我以为她会准时到达！——没什么大不了的。毕竟，人无完人。 考查代词辨析。everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；somebody某个人。根据“I thought she would arrive on time!”和“It’s not a big deal.”可知，第一个人表示为她未能准时到而惊讶或失望，第二个人安慰说“没关系，毕竟没有人是完美的”，也就是“人无完人”。故选C。 19．—Did you eat ________ in that restaurant? —Yes. I had some delicious Beijing duck. A．anything special B．special anything C．something delicious 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在那家餐馆吃了什么特别的东西吗？——是的，我吃了一些美味的北京烤鸭。 考查不定代词及其定语。anything special什么特别的东西；special anything错误表达；something delicious一些美味的东西。形容词修饰不定代词时，应位于不定代词之后，因此排除选项B；根据“Did you eat...in that restaurant?”可知，句子是疑问句，用anything，因此空处是anything special 。故选A。 20．There’s ________ wrong with the engine—it’s making strange noises. A．anything B．something C．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：发动机出了毛病——发出奇怪的声音。 考查不定代词。anything任何事；something某事；everything一切。根据“it’s making strange noises”可知，发出奇怪的声音，所以断定发动机出了某种故障，肯定句用something，故选B。 21．Would you like ________ to eat? A．something B．some C．anything D．any 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你想要点吃的吗？ 本题考查不定代词。something某物；some一些；anything任何事物；any任何的。根据“Would you like...to eat?”可知，“Would you like...”是礼貌询问对方需求，此时习惯用“something”表示提议或希望得到肯定回答。故选A。 22．Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her, ________ is more important than a proper plan. A．nothing B．something C．anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李小姐总是有很多工作要做。对她来说，没有什么比一个合适的计划更重要了。 考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么；something一些事；anything任何事。根据“is more important than a proper plan.”可知是没有什么比一个合适的计划更重要。故选A。 23．My foreign friends knew ________ about the Dragon Boat Festival, so I introduced it to them. A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的外国朋友对端午节一无所知，所以我向他们介绍了这个节日。 考查不定代词辨析。everything一切；something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据“so I introduced it to them”可知，我的外国朋友不了解端午节，空处表否定。故选D。 24．—Who failed the maths test this time? —________. That’s because all of us work harder than before. A．Anybody B．Somebody C．Everybody D．Nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这次谁数学考试没及格？——没有人。那是因为我们所有人都比以前更努力了。 考查代词辨析。Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody每个人；Nobody没有人。根据“That’s because all of us work harder than before.”可知，大家都比以前更努力了，所以没有人不及格。故选D。 25．—This time Tom finished his homework himself. ______ helped him.   —That’s good. A．Someone B．Anyone C．No one D．Everyone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这次汤姆自己完成了家庭作业。没有人帮助他。 ——那很好。 考查代词辨析。Someone某人；Anyone任何人；No one没有人；Everyone每个人。根据“This time Tom finished his homework himself.”可知，是没人帮他。故选C。 26．—How much homework has Tom finished? — ________ at all. He just sits there, wondering which part to begin with. A．Anything B．None C．No one D．Nobody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆完成了多少作业？——一点儿都没完成。他就坐在那儿，琢磨着从哪部分开始。 考查不定代词辨析。Anything任何事；None没有一点；No one没有人；Nobody没有人。根据题干可知，这里表示汤姆一点作业都没写。None可用于指代物；No one和Nobody只用于指代人。故选B。 27．—OK. A burger, two apple pies, and a mashed potato. Something to drink, Sir? —________ but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me. A．Everything B．Nothing C．Something D．Anything 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——好的。一个汉堡，两个苹果派和一份土豆泥。先生，要些喝的吗？——除了可乐什么都行，可乐对我来说太甜了。 考查不定代词辨析。Everything一切；Nothing没有什么；Something某事，某物；Anything任何东西。根据“but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me”可知，除了可乐其他的任何东西都行，用anything，故选D。 28．To make a green city, ________ should play a part in saving the energy. A．anyone B．everyone C．someone D．no one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了建设一个绿色城市，每个人都应该为节约能源出一份力。 考查代词辨析。anyone任何人；everyone每个人；someone某人；no one没有人。根据题干可知，此处表示“每个人都应该为节约能源出一份力”。故选B。 29．Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn _______ every day. A．something new B．new something C．nothing new D．new nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学习是一个终身的旅程，因为我们每天都能学到新的东西。 考查不定代词辨析及用法。something一些东西；nothing没有东西。根据“Learning is a lifelong journey”可知，此处表示“每天要学习新的东西”，形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词的后面。故选A。 30．—Who taught you to fix a bike? It looks so professional! —________. I learned it from videos. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁教你修自行车的？看起来很专业！——没人。我是从视频中学到的。 考查不定代词辨析。Somebody某个人；Anybody任何人；Nobody没有人。根据“I learned it from videos.”可知，没人教自己。故选C。 31．— How do you find your classmates? — Most are kind, but ________ of them is as friendly to me as Cathy. A．none B．no one C．nobody D．everyone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 你觉得你的同学怎么样？—— 大部分是友好的，但是没有一个人和凯西一样对我友好。 考查不定代词用法。none没有，常与of连用，表示在一定范围内；no one没有人，一般不和of连用；nobody没有人，一般不和of连用；everyone每个人。根据“Most are kind, but...of them is as friendly to me as Cathy.”可知，but前后为转折关系，故空处应表示没有一个人，且空后有of引导的范围。故选A。 32．What did you do last weekend? I ________ a film. A．see B．saw C．seeing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你上周末做了什么？我看了一部电影。 考查动词时态。根据“last weekend”可知，动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时。故选B。 33．—Where did you go last winter vacation? —I _________ to London with my family. A．go B．have gone C．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——去年寒假你去了哪里？——我和家人去了伦敦。 考查动词时态。根据问句中的“last winter vacation”可知，此处询问的是过去发生的动作，回答需用一般过去时。“went”是“go”的过去式，故选C。 34．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ my grandparents and helped them clean the house. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．will visit 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我拜访了我的祖父母并帮他们打扫了房子。 考查一般过去时。根据问句“last weekend”可知答语描述的是过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，答句谓语动词需用过去式，“visit”的过去式为“visited”，意为“拜访，参观”。故选C。 35．My favorite teacher is Confucius. People call him Kongfuzi. He ________ a lot of students. A．taught B．will teach C．teaches D．is teaching 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的老师是孔子。人们称他为孔夫子。他教过很多学生。 考查一般过去时。根据“My favorite teacher is Confucius. People call him Kongfuzi. He…a lot of students.”可知，句子为一般过去时，表达过去发生的动作。故选A。 36．They ________ in Europe for a month last summer. A．travel B．traveled C．are traveling D．to travel 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年夏天，他们在欧洲旅行了一个月。 考查动词时态。根据“last summer”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式traveled。故选B。 37．He ________ a cold last week, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A．catches B．has caught C．caught D．will catch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周，他感冒了，所以医生让他待在家里。 考查动词时态。catches患，catch的第三人称单数形式，用于一般现在时；has caught已经患，现在完成时；caught患了，catch的过去式，用于一般过去时；will catch将要患，一般将来时。根据“last week”可知，这是表示过去的时间状语，句子时态应用一般过去时，所以用caught。故选C。 38．—Be quiet please! Have you seen the sign “No Talking”? —Sorry. I ________ it. A．didn’t notice B．haven’t noticed C．won’t notice D．don’t notice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——请保持安静！你看到“禁止交谈”的标志了吗? ——对不起。我没有注意到它。 考查一般过去时。根据“Sorry. I…it.”可知，此处指刚才没注意到，所以应用一般过去时，应用didn’t notice。故选A。 39．—Your new watch looks great —Thanks. My aunt ________ it for my birthday last month. A．buys B．will buy C．bought D．has bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的新手表看起来很棒。——谢谢。我姑姑上个月为我的生日买了它。 考查一般过去时。根据“last month”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式bought。故选C。 40．—Have you ever been to the Science Museum, John? —Yes, I have. I ________ part in an AI competition there last month. A．have taken B．took C．will take D．am taking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——约翰，你去过科学博物馆吗？——去过。我上个月在那里参加了一场人工智能竞赛。 考查动词时态辨析。have taken现在完成时；took一般过去时；will take一般将来时；am taking现在进行时。last month是一般过去时标志词，意思是“上个月”，动词需用过去式。故选B。 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．They (play) football in the playground yesterday. 【答案】played 【详解】句意：他们昨天在操场上踢足球。根据yesterday可知，句子是一般过去时态，谓语动词要用过去式。play的过去式是played。故填played。 42．I (see) the film with my family the day before yesterday. 【答案】saw 【详解】句意：前天我和家人一起看了那部电影。根据“the day before yesterday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填saw。 43．Wu Binbin and John (meet) Amy yesterday. 【答案】met 【详解】句意：吴彬彬和约翰昨天遇见了艾米。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词meet应使用其过去式met。故填met。 44．We (drink) tea and watched TV in the afternoon. 【答案】drank 【详解】句意：我们下午喝茶看电视。根据“watched”可知时态为一般过去时，此处应用动词过去式。故填drank。 45．Tom (make) a toy car yesterday. 【答案】made 【详解】句意：汤姆昨天制作了一辆玩具汽车。make制作，动词；句中的“yesterday”明确表示该动作发生在过去的时间，所以句子时态要用一般过去时，此处用“make”的过去式“made”。故填made。 46．Mr. Smith’s new book (come) out yesterday. Let’s go and buy one. 【答案】came 【详解】句意：史密斯先生的新书昨天出版了。我们去买一本吧。句子中“yesterday”是明确的过去时间状语，需用一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。“come”是动词原形，其过去式为“came”，在句中作谓语，用于表示过去发生的“书出版”这一动作。故填came。 47．The bus (stop) and an old man got off. 【答案】stopped 【详解】句意：公共汽车停了下来，一位老人下了车。根据“got”可知，时态为一般过去时，stop“停下”，是动词，其过去式是stopped。故填stopped。 48．Mike (sleep) early last night. Because he had a cold. 【答案】slept 【详解】句意：Mike昨晚睡得早，因为他感冒了。根据时间状语“last night”可知是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填slept。 49．Eric (catch) a big fish with his friends yesterday afternoon. 【答案】caught 【详解】句意：埃里克昨天下午和他的朋友们钓到了一条大鱼。根据yesterday昨天，可知要用一般过去时。动词catch的过去式是caught。故填caught。 50．The farmer (teach) us how to cut branches from apple trees. 【答案】taught/teaches 【详解】句意：这位农民教我们如何从苹果树上修剪树枝。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，括号内所给词teach“教”为动词，可在句中作谓语。结合语境，句子时态为一般现在时或过去时，因此要用teach的过去式taught或三单形式teaches。故填taught/teaches。 51．Pauline (write) a post three hours ago. 【答案】wrote 【详解】句意：波林三小时前写了一篇帖子。根据“three hours ago”可知，“写帖子”的事情发生在三个小时前，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。write的过去式为wrote。故填wrote。 52．We all (have) fun during the trip to Dunhuang last week. 【答案】had 【详解】句意：我们在上周去敦煌的旅行中都玩得很开心。根据“last week”可知，用一般过去时，have的过去式为had。故填had。 53．He (grow) up in a small village and had a happy childhood. 【答案】grew 【详解】句意：他在一个小村庄长大，有一个快乐的童年。 句子后半部分使用过去式had，说明描述的是过去发生的事情；grow up 表示“长大”，grow的过去式是不规则变化grew。故填grew。 54．Mr. Green (leave) his keys in the car this morning. He often does this. 【答案】left 【详解】句意：格林先生今天早上把钥匙落在车里了。他经常这样做。根据“this morning”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词leave“忘了带；丢下”应用其过去式left。故填left。 55．The hen (lay) an egg just now. 【答案】laid 【详解】句意：这只母鸡刚刚下了一个蛋。lay“下蛋”，动词。根据“just now”可知，时态是一般过去时，故lay用其过去式，其过去式为laid。故填laid。 56．Last Sunday, we (join) in a volunteer activity to plant trees in the park. 【答案】joined 【详解】句意：上周日，我们参加了在公园植树的一项志愿者活动。根据“Last Sunday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，空处填动词过去式作谓语。join“参加”，动词，过去式为joined。故填joined。 57．I didn’t use to (swim) when I was young. 【答案】swim 【详解】句意：我年轻的时候不常游泳。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，空前有to，空处用动词原形，故填swim。 58．When I was young, I often (fly) kites with my parents. 【答案】flew 【详解】句意：当我小的时候，我经常和父母一起放风筝。根据“When I was young”可知，此处是介绍过去的事情，动词用过去式，fly的过去式是flew，故填flew。 59．When I was young, I (begin) to learn English. 【答案】began 【详解】句意：我年轻时就开始学英语了。根据“When I was young”可知时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填began。 60．He let us in and (say): “Welcome to my school.” 【答案】said 【详解】句意：他让我们进去，说：“欢迎来到我的学校。”根据“He let…”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用过去式said。故填said。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和一般过去时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分）    【要点拓展】复合不定代词是由some-、any-、no-、every-加上-body、-one、-thing、-where构成的不定代词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。 一、复合不定代词的种类： -one -body -thing -where some- someone某人 somebody某人 something某事；某物 somewhere某地 any- anyone任何人 anybody任何人 anything任何事物 anywhere任何地方 every- everyone所有人 everybody所有人 everything所有事物 everywhere每个地方 no-    no one 没有人 nobody 没有人 nothing 没有什么 nowhere 没有地方 Nothing can stop us from going forward. 没有什么能阻止我们前进。（作主语) He didn’t see anybody in the park. 他在公园里没看到任何人。（作宾语) Money isn’t everything. 金钱不是万能的。（作表语) 二、复合不定代词的考点：1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。 No one likes to fail.没有人喜欢失败。 2.复合不定代词被定语（形容词、不定式、else等）修饰时，定语要后置。 I want to buy something special for my grandmother. 我想给我的奶奶买些特别的东西。 Ask somebody else to help you. 另请个人来帮帮你吧。 3.some-类和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别 （1）some-类复合不定代词常用于肯定句；any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句和疑问句。 There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出问题了。 Is there anyone at home? 家里有人吗? The old lady couldn’t see anything at all.那位老妇人根本什么都看不见。 （2）在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some-类复合不定代词。 Should we call a doctor or someone? 我们要不要请个大夫什么的? Would you like something to drink？你想要喝点儿什么吗? 4.every-类复合不定代词与not连用时，表示部分否定；若表示全部否定，则要用no-类复合不定代词，或是在否定句中用any-类复合不定代词。 Not everyone knows her. 不是所有人都认识她。（部分否定) Nobody knows her. 没有人认识她。（全部否定) There isn’t anyone in the classroom. 教室里没有人。（全部否定)    一、一般过去时的基本用法 1．表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday、last week、in 2020、two years ago等。 Tom asked me a funny question yesterday. 昨天汤姆问了我一个好笑的问题。 Marco Polo began his travels to Asia in 1271. 1271年，马可·波罗开始了他的亚洲之行。2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的副词连用。 He often ran in the morning last year.去年他经常在早上跑步。 二、一般过去时的基本句式 句子类型 含系动词 be 含行为动词 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + was/were + not +其他. 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句肯定回答 否定回答 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Yes, 主语 + was/were. Yes, 主语 + did. No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. No, 主语 + didn't. 三、过去式的规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则 一般情况 加-ed play—played offer—offered start—started 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后读/ɪd/ 以e结尾的动词 加-d like—liked hate—hated live—lived 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后读/ɪd/ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 变y为i，再加-ed cry—cried study—studied carry—carried 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/ 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed plan—planned stop—stopped shop—shopped 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/ 四、过去式的不规则变化 不规则动词的过去式变化需要特殊记忆，大致可分为以下几种： 变化 例词 保持不变 set-set  cut-cut 遇见i，a来替 sit-sat  swim-swam ow/aw变ew draw-drew  know-knew 结尾d，变成t lend-lent  build-built ought/aught替 catch-caught  buy-bought 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．But I can’t promise you ________. You’ll have to try it yourself. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 2．—Wow! This maths problem is so easy. —Yeah, but I don’t think ________ can work it out correctly. A．everyone B．someone C．anything D．no one 3．— Hi, Peter. What are you doing at the moment? — I’m working on ________. A．important something B．important anything C．something important D．anything important 4．I don’t have ________ to do today. I can play with you. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 5．—Would you like ________ to eat? —Yes, some bread, please. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．Please be quiet! I have ________ to tell you. A．important something B．something important C．anything important D．important anything 7．Would you like ________ to drink, Lily? I think you are thirsty. A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 8．There is ________ in the world if you set your mind to do it. A．nothing difficult B．difficult nothing C．something difficult D．difficult something 9．—Listen! ________ is knocking at the door. —Oh, it’s just a playful cat. A．Somebody B．Nobody C．Anybody 10．Look! There is _________ in the classroom. It’s empty. A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 11．Is there ________ in today’s newspaper, Linda? A．anything exciting B．anything excited C．exciting anything D．excited anything 12．—Is there ________ in the box? —Nothing. A．something else B．else something C．anything else D．else anything 13．________ knows everything about him, because he never tells ________ about his private life. A．Somebody; something B．Anybody; anything C．Nobody; anything D．Everybody; something 14．—Is there _________ in today’s newspaper? —No, I don’t see it. A．something special B．anything special C．special something 15．—Is there ________ in the classroom?             —No. It’s empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．someone; Everyone B．anyone; Someone C．anyone; Everyone D．everyone; Everyone 16．—Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily? —I’d like to go ________. A．anywhere cool B．cool somewhere C．somewhere cool D．nowhere cool 17．—Is there anyone in the classroom? —No. It is empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．Someone B．Anyone C．Everyone D．No one 18．—I thought she would arrive on time! —It’s not a big deal. After all, ________ is perfect. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 19．—Did you eat ________ in that restaurant? —Yes. I had some delicious Beijing duck. A．anything special B．special anything C．something delicious 20．There’s ________ wrong with the engine—it’s making strange noises. A．anything B．something C．everything 21．Would you like ________ to eat? A．something B．some C．anything D．any 22．Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her, ________ is more important than a proper plan. A．nothing B．something C．anything 23．My foreign friends knew ________ about the Dragon Boat Festival, so I introduced it to them. A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 24．—Who failed the maths test this time? —________. That’s because all of us work harder than before. A．Anybody B．Somebody C．Everybody D．Nobody 25．—This time Tom finished his homework himself. ______ helped him.   —That’s good. A．Someone B．Anyone C．No one D．Everyone 26．—How much homework has Tom finished? — ________ at all. He just sits there, wondering which part to begin with. A．Anything B．None C．No one D．Nobody 27．—OK. A burger, two apple pies, and a mashed potato. Something to drink, Sir? —________ but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me. A．Everything B．Nothing C．Something D．Anything 28．To make a green city, ________ should play a part in saving the energy. A．anyone B．everyone C．someone D．no one 29．Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn _______ every day. A．something new B．new something C．nothing new D．new nothing 30．—Who taught you to fix a bike? It looks so professional! —________. I learned it from videos. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Nobody 31．— How do you find your classmates? — Most are kind, but ________ of them is as friendly to me as Cathy. A．none B．no one C．nobody D．everyone 32．What did you do last weekend? I ________ a film. A．see B．saw C．seeing 33．—Where did you go last winter vacation? —I _________ to London with my family. A．go B．have gone C．went 34．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ my grandparents and helped them clean the house. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．will visit 35．My favorite teacher is Confucius. People call him Kongfuzi. He ________ a lot of students. A．taught B．will teach C．teaches D．is teaching 36．They ________ in Europe for a month last summer. A．travel B．traveled C．are traveling D．to travel 37．He ________ a cold last week, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A．catches B．has caught C．caught D．will catch 38．—Be quiet please! Have you seen the sign “No Talking”? —Sorry. I ________ it. A．didn’t notice B．haven’t noticed C．won’t notice D．don’t notice 39．—Your new watch looks great —Thanks. My aunt ________ it for my birthday last month. A．buys B．will buy C．bought D．has bought 40．—Have you ever been to the Science Museum, John? —Yes, I have. I ________ part in an AI competition there last month. A．have taken B．took C．will take D．am taking 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．They (play) football in the playground yesterday. 42．I (see) the film with my family the day before yesterday. 43．Wu Binbin and John (meet) Amy yesterday. 44．We (drink) tea and watched TV in the afternoon. 45．Tom (make) a toy car yesterday. 46．Mr. Smith’s new book (come) out yesterday. Let’s go and buy one. 47．The bus (stop) and an old man got off. 48．Mike (sleep) early last night. Because he had a cold. 49．Eric (catch) a big fish with his friends yesterday afternoon. 50．The farmer (teach) us how to cut branches from apple trees. 51．Pauline (write) a post three hours ago. 52．We all (have) fun during the trip to Dunhuang last week. 53．He (grow) up in a small village and had a happy childhood. 54．Mr. Green (leave) his keys in the car this morning. He often does this. 55．The hen (lay) an egg just now. 56．Last Sunday, we (join) in a volunteer activity to plant trees in the park. 57．I didn’t use to (swim) when I was young. 58．When I was young, I often (fly) kites with my parents. 59．When I was young, I (begin) to learn English. 60．He let us in and (say): “Welcome to my school.” 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $