专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，湖北省卷专用）八年级英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与自我——节假日活动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·四川宜宾·期中）How do people from all over the world spend their free time? Let’s have a look. Internet People from Canada spend about 43.5 hours online every week, 8 hours longer than Americans. Canada has long cold winters, so people spend lots of time at home. Outdoors People from New Zealand spend most of their free time outdoors. The countryside there is great for mountain climbing and water sports. Bars Spain has a lot of bars. In Spain, a bar is for families, not just drinkers. It’s a meeting place and often an eating place. When none of your family or friends are free, you can still go to a bar by yourself. People around you in the bar may ask you to join them. Museums The UK has six of the top 20 most visited museums in the world, such as the National Gallery, the British Museum and Tate Modern. Parties As for parties, most people will think of Brazil. Its carnival (狂欢节) is famous all around the world. Bangkok and Berlin are two of the best cities for partying. In Bangkok. you can meet friendly people and visit great nightclubs. In Berlin, you can enjoy beautiful music on the streets. Exercising In Greece and Estonia, over 80 percent of people exercise every day. The Olympic sports are very popular in these two countries, but Estonia has a very special game: ice cricket (冰上板球)! 1．Americans spend about ________ online every week. A．35.5 hours B．43.5 hours C．51.5 hours D．59.5 hours 2．People from New Zealand spend most of their free time ________. A．doing outdoor activities B．visiting museums C．having fun in the bars D．having parties 3．Tate Modern is a museum in ________. A．Canada B．the UK C．Greece D．Spain 4．More than ________ percent of people from Greece do exercise every day. A．40 B．20 C．80 D．43 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To tell the reasons why people in Spain love bars. B．To introduce how people from different countries spend their free time. C．To help people know which country they can go for holiday. D．To teach people how to play ice cricket in their free time. （24-25八年级上·广东江门·期中）Do you know something about the holiday camps in Hong Kong? The students in Hong Kong often took part in an English holiday camp in their holidays. And their parents weren’t with them. Though they were very young. Now they still enjoy taking part in many kinds of holiday camps without their parents. Many parents let their children take part in some kinds of holiday camps in order to (为了) learn some practical knowledge in their life. And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing. The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves. Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them. Most of families can afford to send their children there for further study, for making their bodies strong... It is said that students in Hong Kong have much knowledge about many things. Perhaps it has something with the kinds of holiday camps. 1．The students in the holiday camps can learn the knowledge about _______. A．writing B．reading C．science D．all of the above 2．The most important thing for the students in the holiday camps is _______. A．to make their bodies strong B．to learn much knowledge about many things C．to learn to look after themselves D．to have a further study about many subjects 3．The underlined word “charges” means ________ in Chinese. A．责备 B．收费 C．找零 D．登记 4．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The students take part in the holiday camps with their parents. B．The students take part in the holiday camps to improve their listening skills. C．The students can learn some knowledge about living skills in the holiday camps. D．The price of taking part in the holiday camps is very high. 5．The best title for the passage is _______. A．The holiday B．The life of the holiday C．The holiday camps D．The students in Hong Kong （22-23八年级上·江苏泰州·期中） The summer vacation is coming. During the vacation, you can do what you like and get yourself ready well for the future. You’ll enjoy your summer vacation with the help of the following suggestions. ▲Take exercise. After studying hard for months, you must be bored and tired. Taking exercise is the best way to get energy again. Swimming and walking are wonderful for you. All kinds of exercise are good for your health. ▲Master some basic life skills. You will live an independent (独立的) life one day. So you should learn some necessary and useful life skills such as washing clothes and cooking. At the same time, you should help your parents with housework to express thanks to them. ▲Go travelling. The world is a book. Those who don’t travel only read one page. Travelling is so interesting. Have you made your own plan? If not, do it at once. During the trip, you will have a chance to get more learning. While learning about different cultures and customs (风俗), you will also make a lot of friends. ▲Enjoy the time with family members. Family members play an important part in your life. They give you love, and care all the time. Don’t forget to spend some time together with them. You will find it great to stay with them, talking about dreams, hobbies or anything you like. If you follow the suggestions, you will have a wonderful vacation. 1．How many suggestions are there in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 2．Which is the best way to get energy according to the passage? A．Running. B．Walking. C．Swimming. D．All of the above. 3．Why should we learn life skills? A．Because we don’t know how to express our thanks. B．Because doing housework is difficult for us. C．Because we will live an independent life one day. D．Because we like to share housework with our family. 4．How does the writer think of travelling? A．He thinks it’s terrible. B．He thinks it’s tiring. C．He thinks it’s boring. D．He thinks it’s interesting. 5．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．the suggestions about taking exercise B．the suggestions about life skills C．the suggestions about summer vacation D．the suggestions about travelling （22-23八年级上·江苏连云港·期中）Camping for a Vacation What are your plans for a vacation? Do you want to visit Hutongs in Beijing, or would you like to fly to Hong Kong for a shopping trip? And what about spending a week or two on the beaches in Hainan? Well, none of these plans seems like a good idea now. However, if you really want to get out to have some fun during your holiday, you can go camping. Camping is always popular. About 4,380,000 people go camping in Britain every year. With nothing but food, water, a tent, and a sleeping bag, you can enjoy an exciting experience—putting up a tent by yourself, learning to make a fire, and even cooking for yourself. You’re free from rules, away from other people, and more importantly, you don’t have to worry too much about COVID-19 getting to you while having fun. Camping is also a great way to relax and improve your health. When you are camping, you needn’t think about all your problems in your life. The smell of cooking over an open fire can help you put your worries behind. As a result, you can finally make peace with yourself. So, if you really want to take a rest, why don’t you spend a few peaceful nights under the moon and the stars in the countryside? With luck, you may even see a few cute animals! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By making jokes. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By inviting you to a trip. 2．What does the underlined word “none of these plans” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．All the three plans. B．Not all these plans. C．Not any of these plans. D．Only one of these plans. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The best season for camping. B．Important things for camping. C．How to put up a tent by yourself. D．Camping is good for a vacation. 4．How can camping help you relax and improve your health? A．You needn’t think about your problems and worries. B．Cooking around your tent stops new worries to come. C．Sleeping under the moon and stars can give you a good sleep. D．Camping in the countryside will bring the good luck to see rare animals. 5．Why did the writer write the passage? A．He hoped to tell a great place for camping. B．He wanted to share his idea of camping for a vacation. C．He hoped to get better advice on how to spend his vacation. D．He wanted to keep away from COVID-19 and meet cute animals. （22-23八年级上·广西桂林·期中）The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn to do some new things. Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday.Taking time out The summer holiday can be a great time to do something for the next school year. You can have some time to think about your wish. That’s important for you.Being a volunteer (志愿者) Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. Helping others can make you happy. You can also make new friends when working as a volunteer.Reading Don’t let your brain (大脑) get lazy. You need to make your brain run. Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you. You can learn a lot from books.Other things Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a job? Make a trip to some interesting places? Now it’s time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday. 1．The summer holiday is a great time to ________. A．meet old friends B．play with parents C．think about others D．do some new things 2．If you want to make your brain run, you need to ________. A．read books B．write books C．get a job D．make a trip 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s terrible to think about your wish in the summer holiday. B．It’s good for you to help others in the summer holiday. C．Visiting the library or bookstore is usually boring. D．Parents need to make holiday plans for their children. 4．This is a passage for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．students D．old people 5．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．students in the United States B．how to learn new things C．interesting books and places D．the plan for the summer holiday 主题02 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （22-23八年级上·辽宁大连·期中） In the last 25 years, the number of monarch butterflies(帝王蝶) has gone down by hundreds of millions, according to the Wildlife Service Species report. The black and orange butterflies face insecticides(杀虫剂), the habitat(栖息地) loss(失去) and the loss of milkweed(马利草) ——the plant that monarchs lay eggs on and the caterpillars’ only food. City people making a difference The smaller number made Field Museum researchers in Chicago ask: What makes a successful monarch garden? Hasle, an ecologist(生态学家) at the Field Museum, and Karen Klinger, a geographer, are working to answer that question. Many stops along the monarchs migratory route(迁徙路线) are taking an all-hands-on-deck(甲板) way to help out the butterfly, looking for more places for milkweed to grow. According to some findings, more successful gardens had more milkweed and blooming(盛开的) plant or much larger fields. But you could watch eggs change all the way to a chrysalis with only a single plant. _________ In 2020, during the second season of the study, the number of caterpillars dropped. Chicago saw a hot, dry summer in 2020. In 2021, there was illegal logging(非法砍伐) in Mexico. Spring and summer weather conditions were hard for milkweed blossoms and egg development in the southern U.S. All these affected(影响) the reproduction(繁殖) of the milkweed plants. Not giving up Now is the perfect time to start planning to plant(种植) some milkweed, Hasle and Klinger said. “The best thing to do is what you can do,” Hasle said. “One milkweed plant by your window is doing something. Maybe it gives you something to look forward to during the boring winter in Chicago.” 1．According to the 1st paragraph, which is NOT the reason for the smaller number of monarchs? A．The habitat loss. B．The loss of milkweed. C．The use of insecticides. D．The colors of caterpillars. 2．What can you learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? A．There are many migratory routes for the monarchs. B．People are trying their best to help the monarchs. C．People are looking for more migratory routes for the monarchs. D．Many stops keep monarchs to help them live. 3．What is the best heading for __________? A．Different situation B．Working hard to improve C．Great difficulties D．Fighting against bad weather 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to keep more monarchs. B．To tell people about the danger of the loss of milkweed. C．To advise people to grow more flowers in their gardens. D．To ask people to do something for monarchs. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Monarchs in danger B．Advice on how to protect monarchs C．What makes a successful monarch garden? D．One milkweed plant gives you something to look forward to Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·甘肃定西·期中）①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds, too. New plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places. There are many ways of the seeds’ travel. ②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They roll along the ground, dropping off their seeds. ③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it. They may travel many miles before they stop. ④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far. How? These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride. Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too. ⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals. 阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。 1．What will happen if new plants are crowded? A．Some of them will die. B．Some of them will travel. C．Some of them can grow taller. D．Some of them can live better. 2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Wings. B．Seeds. C．Plants. D．Birds. 3．What can help the seeds to travel according to the passage? A．Leaves, roots and flowers. B．Animals, water and wind. C．Birds, stickers and wings. D．Wind, water and other plants. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The travel of the seeds B．The parts of the plants C．The kinds of the seeds D．The growth of the plants 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广西南宁·期中）In many people’s eyes, plants are quiet. They can’t talk. They can’t walk. And they can’t think like us. Or can they? A new TV show gives us a new look at plants. Shown on Jan.10 on Bilibili, it tells the secret lives of plants, and the wonderful and unbelievable ways that plants work. _________. In the rainforests, different kinds of plants race for sunlight. The forest floor is described as a “battlefield” (战场). Only two percent of the sunlight gets through it. Some plants spread (蔓延) their big leaves to reach light. But other plants may catch them up and get a lift. Finally, they are both overtaken (超过) by a fast-growing tree. In the same way, some trees may give out something to protect themselves. Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, if a tree finds water, it will share it with others. Studies also show that plants use fungus (真菌) in the soil as a way to “talk” to each other. It’s kind of like how Wi-Fi works. If a tomato plant gets ill, it can tell closer plants about it. The TV show not only makes us surprised at the plant world but also pushes us to understand that plants are important. “All life needs plants. We depend on them to eat and breathe (呼吸). It’s time to look after wild plants just as carefully as our houseplants.” said David, the director of the show. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．A new TV show tells us that _________. A．plants are quiet and can’t talk B．plants aren’t able to walk C．plants work in unbelievable ways 2．Which of the following can be put in _________? A．Plants need water to live better. B．Plants can get sunlight from other plants. C．Plants fight against each other to live. 3．What does the underlined phrase “catch them up” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．赶上它们 B．注意它们 C．消灭它们 4．From the passage, we know that _________. A．about 2% of plants can live in rainforests B．plants in deserts keep water all by themselves C．plants will know about the closer plants’ illnesses 5．In the last paragraph, David probably agrees that _________. A．plants are difficult to study B．plants are important in our lives C．houseplants also need our care 主题01 人与自我——个人情况 Passage 1 声明（23-24八年级上·河南商丘·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even (甚至) shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strange people or new friends. Smile more, and they will usually smile in return (作为回报). In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare (准备) your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step (步). Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．You should start to be outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your new friends D．your best friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you should say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．playing D．going out 4．Which is NOT the writer’s view (观点)? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers is not easy. 5．If you go out to meet lots of people, even shy people can be ________. A．quiet B．outgoing C．good D．new Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello,” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should you start being outgoing with? A．Your parents. B．Your teachers. C．Your best friends. D．Your new friends. 2．What can you say when you start a talk with a stranger? You can say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．Which is the easiest way to be outgoing? A．Talking. B．Smiling. C．Playing. D．Going out. 4．What does the underlined word “views” mean? It means “________”. A．tickets B．ideas C．prizes D．activities 5．Which of the following is wrong according to the passage? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps us have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers isn’t easy. Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·广西百色·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You should start to become outgoing with your best friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return (反馈) your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspaper or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to be more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. Making new friends can make us more outgoing. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。 1．You should start to be outgoing with _______. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friends D．your new friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you should say “_______”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is _______. A．talking B．playing with others C．smiling D．going out 4．Making new friends can make us _______. A．healthier B．more outgoing C．more serious D．quieter 5．_______ is good for our life. A．Being outgoing B．Being happy C．Being shy D．Being active Passage 4 （22-23八年级上·四川成都·期中）Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Do you want to make more friends, but are you too shy? Read the following rules. They will help you. Feel comfortable. Always be clean. Shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clothes that make you feel good and comfortable (舒适的). Those make you feel more confident. Smile more often. Try to smile more often at people. It will get them to think that you are friendly. Then they’ll talk to you more, even if they don’t know you. Just talk. Some people worry about talking because they think, “What am I going to talk about with that person?” Outgoing people don’t even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think. Listen to people. You can’t just talk. People will think that you’re self-centered (以自我为中心的). You have to listen to others and give your opinions. Let them know that you care. Read the news! Don’t just stay at home and do nothing. Surf the Internet for news and information, and talk about it when you’re with friends. 1．The rules above will help you _________. A．study better B．make more friends C．stay healthier 2．Which of the following is not necessary to make you feel comfortable? A．Brush your teeth in the morning and evening. B．Wear clean and tidy clothes. C．Take a shower twice a day. 3．If you smile at people, ________. A．it’s easier to meet them B．they’ll think you’re friendly C．it shows that you’re too shy 4．The third rule means that ________. A．you should be self-centered B．you should say what you are thinking C．you should talk about the news that you heard 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Learn to Listen to People B．How to Look Nicer C．How to Be Outgoing 主题02 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·福建厦门·期中） Moo Deng is a baby pygmy hippo. It is similar to a large hippo. But a pygmy hippo is much smaller. Moo Deng lives at the Khao Kheow Open Zoo in Thailand. She was born in July. Her name means “bouncing pig” or “pork patty”. Her cheeks are pink. Her belly jiggles as she runs around her pen (圈，栏，棚). She nibbles on people’s knees. She is also an Internet superstar. Every move she makes is closely watched—whether she’s being sprayed with water, being carried by zookeepers, or simply lying on the ground. Why is Moo Deng so well loved? Scientists say it is because humans are designed to like cute babies. Even baby hippos! Many baby animals look a certain way. They have big eyes and large foreheads. They have small chins and chubby bodies. These things make babies look helpless. That makes people want to protect them. Konrad Lorenz was a scientist from Austria. He was the first one to think of this idea. He talked about it in 1943. He explained that cuteness makes babies hard to ignore. This is important for babies. They cannot live on their own. They need adults to look after them. Cuteness touches people’s hearts. When we see a cute baby, we want to cuddle (搂抱) them. We want to take care of them. This is how people feel when they see Moo Deng. Pygmy hippos are in trouble. People hunt them, and the forests they live in are being cut down. Today, there are only about 2,000 pygmy hippos living in the wild. They might disappear forever. But Moo Deng’s fame might help. People love Moo Deng. Hopefully they will learn to care about all pygmy hippos. 1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ________ A．Moo Deng is a large hippo. B．Moo Deng is unfriendly to people. C．people only watch Moo Deng online. D．Moo Deng lives at a zoo in Thailand. 2．According to the scientists, people want to protect Moo Deng because ________. A．she is a small pig B．she lives in Thailand C．she is an endangered animal D．people find her cute and want to care for her 3．Which of the following explains the word “ignore” in Paragraph 3? A．pay no attention to B．take good care of C．become friends with D．look closely at 4．Why might Moo Deng’s fame be helpful for other pygmy hippos? A．More people will want to visit the zoo. B．It will help them become superstars too. C．It will help people find pygmy hippos in the wild. D．People might learn to care more about saving pygmy hippos. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．People only care about cute babies and animals. B．Pygmy hippos have big eyes and chubby bodies. C．Scientists are studying the behavior of baby hippos. D．A cute pygmy hippo who may help save her endangered species. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）A small mouse named Pat at the San Diego Zoo set a new world record (纪录) for the oldest known living mouse. Pat is a Pacific pocket mouse, and this is the smallest kind of mouse in North America. He weighs (重量是……) about as much as three coins. Pacific pocket mice live in Southern California, usually within 3.2 kilometers of the sea. They can help spread the seeds (散播种子) of the plants that grow naturally in this area. Their digging underground also helps the plants grow. But starting in the early 1930s, humans began taking up more and more of the area where the mice normally lived. Pacific pocket mice began disappearing. In the 1970s, scientists believed that the Pacific pocket mouse became extinct (灭绝的). But in 1994, scientists found a small group of Pacific pocket mice in Orange County, California. Later, they found two other small groups of the mice. Starting in 2012, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance (SDZWA) began working to help the mice by raising them. Pat was just born in the first year of that program. In 2016, the SDZWA and several other groups helped get a group of Pacific pocket mice started in a park. Soon, the number of mice in the park began growing without any help from humans. The SDZWA says they will send many mice into the wild. But Pat will continue staying at the zoo. Now he’s quite old for a mouse. 1．Why does the writer tell us how much Pat weighs? A．To tell us he is very old. B．To show that he is strong. C．To show that he is very small. D．To tell us he doesn’t eat much. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Pacific pocket mice love eating plants. B．Pacific pocket mice are good at digging. C．Pacific pocket mice only live in California. D．Pacific pocket mice are important for the environment. 3．Put the following information into the right order according to the passage. a. The SDZWA started to raise Pacific pocket mice. b. Scientists thought pacific pocket mice died out. c. The number of Pacific pocket mice in the park became larger. d. Pacific pocket mice’s living area became smaller. e. Pacific pocket mice were found in Orange County. A．b-a-e-c-d B．b-d-e-a-c C．d-b-e-a-c D．d-e-b-a-c 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The SDZWA does a good job in protecting these mice. B．A large number of people want to join the SDZWA． C．The writer has a strong love for these mice. D．Pat will go to the wild soon. 5．In which part of a magazine can you probably find the passage? A．Culture. B．Animals. C．People. D．Health. Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·山东德州·期中）How many fish are there in the sea? We always seem to think that there are an endless number of them. Is this true? Will we run out of fish one day? Humans began overfishing (过度捕捞) in the 19th century. Today, there are many fishing ships in the world to catch fish. In other words, we are taking away too many fish from the world’s oceans (海洋) . Fish can’t grow fast enough, so the number of species (物种) of fish is dropping quickly. Some species will soon disappear (消失) . To save these fish species, many countries have started to take actions. Along some rivers and lakes, you can see “No fishing” signs. The fish in these areas are probably under protection. Besides, different areas have closed fishing periods at different times. When the fish in a certain area start to lay eggs, the closed season for that area begins. People can’t catch fish until (直到) the young fish grow up. This is also an important way to stop overfishing. Fish are very important to the health of the sea. Let’s work together to protect our friends in the water! 1．When did humans begin overfishing? A．In the 1900s. B．In the 1800s. C．In 1900. D．In1800. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 2? A．Fish grow too fast. B．There are too many fish in the world. C．Some species of fish will become impossible to see. D．People can’t take away any fish from the world’s oceans. 3．When can people start to catch fish according to the passage? A．When the fish begin to lay eggs. B．When there are too many fish. C．When the young fish grow up. D．When there isn’t any “No fishing” sign. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Many countries did something to save fish. B．”No fishing”means there is no fish in the river. C．The closed fishing areas are all along farmlands. D．The closed season for one area isn’t good for the health of the sea. 5．Where do you think is the passage from? A．www.chinatourist.com B．www.storyhouse.com C．www.movies123.com D．www.animalworld.com 8 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与自我——节假日活动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·四川宜宾·期中）How do people from all over the world spend their free time? Let’s have a look. Internet People from Canada spend about 43.5 hours online every week, 8 hours longer than Americans. Canada has long cold winters, so people spend lots of time at home. Outdoors People from New Zealand spend most of their free time outdoors. The countryside there is great for mountain climbing and water sports. Bars Spain has a lot of bars. In Spain, a bar is for families, not just drinkers. It’s a meeting place and often an eating place. When none of your family or friends are free, you can still go to a bar by yourself. People around you in the bar may ask you to join them. Museums The UK has six of the top 20 most visited museums in the world, such as the National Gallery, the British Museum and Tate Modern. Parties As for parties, most people will think of Brazil. Its carnival (狂欢节) is famous all around the world. Bangkok and Berlin are two of the best cities for partying. In Bangkok. you can meet friendly people and visit great nightclubs. In Berlin, you can enjoy beautiful music on the streets. Exercising In Greece and Estonia, over 80 percent of people exercise every day. The Olympic sports are very popular in these two countries, but Estonia has a very special game: ice cricket (冰上板球)! 1．Americans spend about ________ online every week. A．35.5 hours B．43.5 hours C．51.5 hours D．59.5 hours 2．People from New Zealand spend most of their free time ________. A．doing outdoor activities B．visiting museums C．having fun in the bars D．having parties 3．Tate Modern is a museum in ________. A．Canada B．the UK C．Greece D．Spain 4．More than ________ percent of people from Greece do exercise every day. A．40 B．20 C．80 D．43 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To tell the reasons why people in Spain love bars. B．To introduce how people from different countries spend their free time. C．To help people know which country they can go for holiday. D．To teach people how to play ice cricket in their free time. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了来自不同国家的人们如何度过他们的业余时间。 1．推理判断题。根据“People from Canada spend about 43.5 hours online every week, 8 hours longer than Americans.”可知，加拿大人每周上网43.5小时，比美国人多了8小时，由此推出美国人每周上网35.5小时。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“People from New Zealand spend most of their free time outdoors. The countryside there is great for mountain climbing and water sports.”可知，新西兰人花费大部分空闲时间做户外活动。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The UK has six of the top 20 most visited museums in the world, such as the National Gallery, the British Museum and Tate Modern.”可知，Tate Modern在英国。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“In Greece and Estonia, over 80 percent of people exercise every day.”可知，超过80%的希腊人每天都锻炼。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“How do people from all over the world spend their free time? Let’s have a look.”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了来自不同国家的人们如何度过他们的业余时间。故选B。 （24-25八年级上·广东江门·期中）Do you know something about the holiday camps in Hong Kong? The students in Hong Kong often took part in an English holiday camp in their holidays. And their parents weren’t with them. Though they were very young. Now they still enjoy taking part in many kinds of holiday camps without their parents. Many parents let their children take part in some kinds of holiday camps in order to (为了) learn some practical knowledge in their life. And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing. The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves. Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them. Most of families can afford to send their children there for further study, for making their bodies strong... It is said that students in Hong Kong have much knowledge about many things. Perhaps it has something with the kinds of holiday camps. 1．The students in the holiday camps can learn the knowledge about _______. A．writing B．reading C．science D．all of the above 2．The most important thing for the students in the holiday camps is _______. A．to make their bodies strong B．to learn much knowledge about many things C．to learn to look after themselves D．to have a further study about many subjects 3．The underlined word “charges” means ________ in Chinese. A．责备 B．收费 C．找零 D．登记 4．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The students take part in the holiday camps with their parents. B．The students take part in the holiday camps to improve their listening skills. C．The students can learn some knowledge about living skills in the holiday camps. D．The price of taking part in the holiday camps is very high. 5．The best title for the passage is _______. A．The holiday B．The life of the holiday C．The holiday camps D．The students in Hong Kong 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了香港的学生进行假期营地所带来的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing.”可知，在假期营地中，学生们能够学到关于生活技能、科学、阅读及写作方面的知识。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves.”可知，在假期营地中，学生们最重要的事情是学习照顾自己。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them.”可知，香港的假期营地不是很贵，是因为政府不收费，划线单词表示“收费”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing.”可知，在假期营地中，学生能够学到一些生活技能方面的知识。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了香港的学生进行假期营地所带来的好处，围绕的是假期营地展开的，因此C选项“假期营地”为最佳标题。故选C。 （22-23八年级上·江苏泰州·期中） The summer vacation is coming. During the vacation, you can do what you like and get yourself ready well for the future. You’ll enjoy your summer vacation with the help of the following suggestions. ▲Take exercise. After studying hard for months, you must be bored and tired. Taking exercise is the best way to get energy again. Swimming and walking are wonderful for you. All kinds of exercise are good for your health. ▲Master some basic life skills. You will live an independent (独立的) life one day. So you should learn some necessary and useful life skills such as washing clothes and cooking. At the same time, you should help your parents with housework to express thanks to them. ▲Go travelling. The world is a book. Those who don’t travel only read one page. Travelling is so interesting. Have you made your own plan? If not, do it at once. During the trip, you will have a chance to get more learning. While learning about different cultures and customs (风俗), you will also make a lot of friends. ▲Enjoy the time with family members. Family members play an important part in your life. They give you love, and care all the time. Don’t forget to spend some time together with them. You will find it great to stay with them, talking about dreams, hobbies or anything you like. If you follow the suggestions, you will have a wonderful vacation. 1．How many suggestions are there in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 2．Which is the best way to get energy according to the passage? A．Running. B．Walking. C．Swimming. D．All of the above. 3．Why should we learn life skills? A．Because we don’t know how to express our thanks. B．Because doing housework is difficult for us. C．Because we will live an independent life one day. D．Because we like to share housework with our family. 4．How does the writer think of travelling? A．He thinks it’s terrible. B．He thinks it’s tiring. C．He thinks it’s boring. D．He thinks it’s interesting. 5．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．the suggestions about taking exercise B．the suggestions about life skills C．the suggestions about summer vacation D．the suggestions about travelling 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文针对如何度过一个美好的暑假给出了几点建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“▲Take exercise.”、“▲Master some basic life skills.”、“▲Go travelling.”和“▲Enjoy the time with family members”可知，文中提出了4条建议。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Taking exercise is the best way to get energy again. Swimming and walking are wonderful for you. All kinds of exercise are good for your health.”可知，锻炼是重新获得能量的最佳方式，游泳和散步对你来说很棒，各种运动对健康都有好处，由此可见，跑步、散步和游泳都是获得能量的最佳方式。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“You will live an independent (独立的) life one day. So you should learn some necessary and useful life skills such as washing clothes and cooking.”可知，我们要学习一些生活技能是因为总有一天我们会过上独立的生活。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Travelling is so interesting.”可知，作者认为旅行很有趣，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“You’ll enjoy your summer vacation with the help of the following suggestions.”可知，作者给出了一些关于暑假的建议，让我们能愉快地度过暑假。故选C。 （22-23八年级上·江苏连云港·期中）Camping for a Vacation What are your plans for a vacation? Do you want to visit Hutongs in Beijing, or would you like to fly to Hong Kong for a shopping trip? And what about spending a week or two on the beaches in Hainan? Well, none of these plans seems like a good idea now. However, if you really want to get out to have some fun during your holiday, you can go camping. Camping is always popular. About 4,380,000 people go camping in Britain every year. With nothing but food, water, a tent, and a sleeping bag, you can enjoy an exciting experience—putting up a tent by yourself, learning to make a fire, and even cooking for yourself. You’re free from rules, away from other people, and more importantly, you don’t have to worry too much about COVID-19 getting to you while having fun. Camping is also a great way to relax and improve your health. When you are camping, you needn’t think about all your problems in your life. The smell of cooking over an open fire can help you put your worries behind. As a result, you can finally make peace with yourself. So, if you really want to take a rest, why don’t you spend a few peaceful nights under the moon and the stars in the countryside? With luck, you may even see a few cute animals! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By making jokes. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By inviting you to a trip. 2．What does the underlined word “none of these plans” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．All the three plans. B．Not all these plans. C．Not any of these plans. D．Only one of these plans. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The best season for camping. B．Important things for camping. C．How to put up a tent by yourself. D．Camping is good for a vacation. 4．How can camping help you relax and improve your health? A．You needn’t think about your problems and worries. B．Cooking around your tent stops new worries to come. C．Sleeping under the moon and stars can give you a good sleep. D．Camping in the countryside will bring the good luck to see rare animals. 5．Why did the writer write the passage? A．He hoped to tell a great place for camping. B．He wanted to share his idea of camping for a vacation. C．He hoped to get better advice on how to spend his vacation. D．He wanted to keep away from COVID-19 and meet cute animals. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了露营的好处以及它是度假的好方法。 1．推理判断题。根据“What are your plans for a vacation? Do you want to visit Hutongs in Beijing, or would you like to fly to Hong Kong for a shopping trip? And what about spending a week or two on the beaches in Hainan?”可知，作者在首段询问了读者假期的计划，可推知作者用提问题的方式来开头。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段和“Well, none of these plans seems like a good idea now. However, if you really want to get out to have some fun during your holiday, you can go camping.”可知，第一段作者询问了一些旅行计划，且作者认为如果你真的想要在假期的时候得到乐趣，你可以去露营，即作者第一段询问的那些旅行计划看起来都不是好主意，可推测none of these plans表示“这些计划都不是”。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段整段和“Camping is always popular.”可知，露营很受欢迎，在露营时，你只有食物、水、帐篷和睡袋，你可以享受令人兴奋的体验，不受规则的约束还不必太担心在玩耍时感染新冠病毒，即露营的好处——适合度假的好方式，D选项“露营有益于度假”与文章相符。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Camping is also a great way to relax and improve your health. When you are camping, you needn’t think about all your problems in your life.”可知，露营可以帮助你放松和改善健康，因为当你露营时，你不必考虑生活中的所有问题，即不必考虑你的问题和担忧。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了露营的好处以及它是度假的好方式，可推测作者想要分享他关于露营度假的想法。故选B。 （22-23八年级上·广西桂林·期中）The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn to do some new things. Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday.Taking time out The summer holiday can be a great time to do something for the next school year. You can have some time to think about your wish. That’s important for you.Being a volunteer (志愿者) Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. Helping others can make you happy. You can also make new friends when working as a volunteer.Reading Don’t let your brain (大脑) get lazy. You need to make your brain run. Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you. You can learn a lot from books.Other things Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a job? Make a trip to some interesting places? Now it’s time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday. 1．The summer holiday is a great time to ________. A．meet old friends B．play with parents C．think about others D．do some new things 2．If you want to make your brain run, you need to ________. A．read books B．write books C．get a job D．make a trip 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s terrible to think about your wish in the summer holiday. B．It’s good for you to help others in the summer holiday. C．Visiting the library or bookstore is usually boring. D．Parents need to make holiday plans for their children. 4．This is a passage for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．students D．old people 5．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．students in the United States B．how to learn new things C．interesting books and places D．the plan for the summer holiday 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了计划一个有趣的暑假的一些方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn to do some new things”可知，美国的学生们认为，漫长的暑假是学习做一些新事情的好时机。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“You need to make your brain run. Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you”可知，如果想让大脑运转起来，你需要去看书，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. Helping others can make you happy.”可知，在暑假里帮助他人是很好的，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Now it’s time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday.”可知，文章是写给学生的，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday.”可知，文章介绍了计划一个有趣的暑假的一些方法。故选D。 主题02 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （22-23八年级上·辽宁大连·期中） In the last 25 years, the number of monarch butterflies(帝王蝶) has gone down by hundreds of millions, according to the Wildlife Service Species report. The black and orange butterflies face insecticides(杀虫剂), the habitat(栖息地) loss(失去) and the loss of milkweed(马利草) ——the plant that monarchs lay eggs on and the caterpillars’ only food. City people making a difference The smaller number made Field Museum researchers in Chicago ask: What makes a successful monarch garden? Hasle, an ecologist(生态学家) at the Field Museum, and Karen Klinger, a geographer, are working to answer that question. Many stops along the monarchs migratory route(迁徙路线) are taking an all-hands-on-deck(甲板) way to help out the butterfly, looking for more places for milkweed to grow. According to some findings, more successful gardens had more milkweed and blooming(盛开的) plant or much larger fields. But you could watch eggs change all the way to a chrysalis with only a single plant. _________ In 2020, during the second season of the study, the number of caterpillars dropped. Chicago saw a hot, dry summer in 2020. In 2021, there was illegal logging(非法砍伐) in Mexico. Spring and summer weather conditions were hard for milkweed blossoms and egg development in the southern U.S. All these affected(影响) the reproduction(繁殖) of the milkweed plants. Not giving up Now is the perfect time to start planning to plant(种植) some milkweed, Hasle and Klinger said. “The best thing to do is what you can do,” Hasle said. “One milkweed plant by your window is doing something. Maybe it gives you something to look forward to during the boring winter in Chicago.” 1．According to the 1st paragraph, which is NOT the reason for the smaller number of monarchs? A．The habitat loss. B．The loss of milkweed. C．The use of insecticides. D．The colors of caterpillars. 2．What can you learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? A．There are many migratory routes for the monarchs. B．People are trying their best to help the monarchs. C．People are looking for more migratory routes for the monarchs. D．Many stops keep monarchs to help them live. 3．What is the best heading for __________? A．Different situation B．Working hard to improve C．Great difficulties D．Fighting against bad weather 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to keep more monarchs. B．To tell people about the danger of the loss of milkweed. C．To advise people to grow more flowers in their gardens. D．To ask people to do something for monarchs. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Monarchs in danger B．Advice on how to protect monarchs C．What makes a successful monarch garden? D．One milkweed plant gives you something to look forward to 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了帝王蝶数量的下降以及人们为保护这种蝴蝶所做的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据“The black and orange butterflies face insecticides, the habitat loss and the loss of milkweed”可知，帝王蝶数量减少是因为杀虫剂，栖息地的丧失和马利草的减少。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Many stops along the monarchs migratory route(迁徙路线) are taking an all-hands-on-deck(甲板) way to help out the butterfly”可知，帝王蝶迁徙路线上的许多站点都采取了全员参与的方式来帮助蝴蝶，也就是说人们正在尽最大努力帮助帝王蝶。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，芝加哥在2020年经历了一个炎热干燥的夏天。2021年，墨西哥出现了非法砍伐。美国南部春季和夏季的气候条件不利于马利草开花和卵的发育，所有这些都影响了马利草的繁殖。由此可知此段的最佳标题为“巨大的困难”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“ ‘The best thing to do is what you can do,’ Hasle said. ’One milkweed plant by your window is doing something...’ ”可知，作者的目的是号召人们为帝王蝶做点什么。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了帝王蝶数量的下降以及人们为保护这种蝴蝶所做的努力。文章强调了个人和社区可以采取的措施，以帮助这种物种生存和繁殖。选项D“一株马利草就能让你有所期待”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·甘肃定西·期中）①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds, too. New plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places. There are many ways of the seeds’ travel. ②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They roll along the ground, dropping off their seeds. ③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it. They may travel many miles before they stop. ④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far. How? These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride. Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too. ⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals. 阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。 1．What will happen if new plants are crowded? A．Some of them will die. B．Some of them will travel. C．Some of them can grow taller. D．Some of them can live better. 2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Wings. B．Seeds. C．Plants. D．Birds. 3．What can help the seeds to travel according to the passage? A．Leaves, roots and flowers. B．Animals, water and wind. C．Birds, stickers and wings. D．Wind, water and other plants. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The travel of the seeds B．The parts of the plants C．The kinds of the seeds D．The growth of the plants 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了植物种子通过不同的方式传播到新的地点。 1．细节理解题。根据“When plants grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die.”可知，拥挤的新植物会因资源不足而导致有一部分死亡。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground,”可知，一些植物干枯，风将它们从地上“拔起”，划线单词them指代前面的plants。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals.”可知，种子可以借助风、水和动物来传播。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕种子如何传播展开，选项A“种子的旅行”符合文意，为最佳标题。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主题，第二到四段介绍种子的几种传播方式，第五段总结。图D与之相符，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广西南宁·期中）In many people’s eyes, plants are quiet. They can’t talk. They can’t walk. And they can’t think like us. Or can they? A new TV show gives us a new look at plants. Shown on Jan.10 on Bilibili, it tells the secret lives of plants, and the wonderful and unbelievable ways that plants work. _________. In the rainforests, different kinds of plants race for sunlight. The forest floor is described as a “battlefield” (战场). Only two percent of the sunlight gets through it. Some plants spread (蔓延) their big leaves to reach light. But other plants may catch them up and get a lift. Finally, they are both overtaken (超过) by a fast-growing tree. In the same way, some trees may give out something to protect themselves. Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, if a tree finds water, it will share it with others. Studies also show that plants use fungus (真菌) in the soil as a way to “talk” to each other. It’s kind of like how Wi-Fi works. If a tomato plant gets ill, it can tell closer plants about it. The TV show not only makes us surprised at the plant world but also pushes us to understand that plants are important. “All life needs plants. We depend on them to eat and breathe (呼吸). It’s time to look after wild plants just as carefully as our houseplants.” said David, the director of the show. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．A new TV show tells us that _________. A．plants are quiet and can’t talk B．plants aren’t able to walk C．plants work in unbelievable ways 2．Which of the following can be put in _________? A．Plants need water to live better. B．Plants can get sunlight from other plants. C．Plants fight against each other to live. 3．What does the underlined phrase “catch them up” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．赶上它们 B．注意它们 C．消灭它们 4．From the passage, we know that _________. A．about 2% of plants can live in rainforests B．plants in deserts keep water all by themselves C．plants will know about the closer plants’ illnesses 5．In the last paragraph, David probably agrees that _________. A．plants are difficult to study B．plants are important in our lives C．houseplants also need our care 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了一档揭示植物奇妙生存方式和相互交流能力的新纪录片，颠覆了人们对植物“安静被动”的传统认知。 1．细节理解题。根据“A new TV show gives us a new look at plants… it tells the secret lives of plants, and the wonderful and unbelievable ways that plants work”可知该节目展示了植物令人难以置信的生存方式，故选C。 2．段落主旨题。根据后文描述的雨林植物争夺阳光的“战场”场景，以及“some trees may give out something to protect themselves”等细节，可知空白处应填入“植物会相互竞争以求生存”，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“some plants spread their big leaves to reach light. But other plants may catch them up and get a lift”的竞争语境，以及后文“overtaken”的提示，可知此处指“赶上它们”，故选A。 4．细节判断题。根据“If a tomato plant gets ill, it can tell closer plants about it”可知植物能感知邻近植株的病害，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据导演David所说“All life needs plants… It’s time to look after wild plants”可知他强调植物对人类生存的重要性，故选B。 主题01 人与自我——个人情况 Passage 1 声明（23-24八年级上·河南商丘·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even (甚至) shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strange people or new friends. Smile more, and they will usually smile in return (作为回报). In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare (准备) your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step (步). Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．You should start to be outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your new friends D．your best friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you should say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．playing D．going out 4．Which is NOT the writer’s view (观点)? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers is not easy. 5．If you go out to meet lots of people, even shy people can be ________. A．quiet B．outgoing C．good D．new 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了怎样才能变得外向。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend”可知，你应该和你最好的朋友一起开始变得外向。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Start a talk. Just a simple ‘Hello’ or ‘How is it going’ is a good start.”可知，当你开始和陌生人交谈时，你应该说“最近怎么样”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，变得外向的最简单的方法就是走出去。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think.”可知，作者认为外向并没有你想象的那么难。由此可知，选项A“外向真的很难”不是作者的观点。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Even (甚至) shy people can be outgoing.”以及第四段“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可推知，如果你出去见很多人，即使是害羞的人也会变得外向。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello,” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should you start being outgoing with? A．Your parents. B．Your teachers. C．Your best friends. D．Your new friends. 2．What can you say when you start a talk with a stranger? You can say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．Which is the easiest way to be outgoing? A．Talking. B．Smiling. C．Playing. D．Going out. 4．What does the underlined word “views” mean? It means “________”. A．tickets B．ideas C．prizes D．activities 5．Which of the following is wrong according to the passage? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps us have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers isn’t easy. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了外向的好处，以及给出了如何变得外向的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends.”可知，你可以和最好的朋友或一群朋友一起，然后开始变得外向。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello,” or “How is it going?” is a good start.”可知，当和陌生人开始聊天时，可以以“Hello”或“How is it going?”为开始。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，要变得外向，最简单的做法就是“走出去”。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views”可知，如果想要让聊天变得有趣，你可以读报纸上的新闻，然后准备好你的看法，因为这样就能让聊天内容丰富，也会有话可聊。划线单词views意为“见解，看法”，与ideas近义。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing.”可知，事实上，要变得外向并没有想象中那么困难，即使是害羞的人也能变得外向。所以变得外向并不是一件困难的事情。故选A。 Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·广西百色·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You should start to become outgoing with your best friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return (反馈) your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspaper or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to be more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. Making new friends can make us more outgoing. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。 1．You should start to be outgoing with _______. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friends D．your new friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you should say “_______”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is _______. A．talking B．playing with others C．smiling D．going out 4．Making new friends can make us _______. A．healthier B．more outgoing C．more serious D．quieter 5．_______ is good for our life. A．Being outgoing B．Being happy C．Being shy D．Being active 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了外向性格对生活的好处以及变外向的一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“You should start to become outgoing with your best friends.”可知，你应该从你最好的朋友开始变得外向。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Start a talk. Just a simple ‘Hello’ or ‘How is it going’ is a good start.”可知，当你和陌生人开始谈话时，你应该说“How is it going”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The easiest way to be more outgoing is to go out.”可知，要想更外向，最简单的方法就是出去走走。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Making new friends can make us more outgoing.”可知，结交新朋友可以使我们更外向。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Being outgoing is good for your life.”可知，外向对我们的生活有好处。故选A。 Passage 4 （22-23八年级上·四川成都·期中）Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Do you want to make more friends, but are you too shy? Read the following rules. They will help you. Feel comfortable. Always be clean. Shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clothes that make you feel good and comfortable (舒适的). Those make you feel more confident. Smile more often. Try to smile more often at people. It will get them to think that you are friendly. Then they’ll talk to you more, even if they don’t know you. Just talk. Some people worry about talking because they think, “What am I going to talk about with that person?” Outgoing people don’t even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think. Listen to people. You can’t just talk. People will think that you’re self-centered (以自我为中心的). You have to listen to others and give your opinions. Let them know that you care. Read the news! Don’t just stay at home and do nothing. Surf the Internet for news and information, and talk about it when you’re with friends. 1．The rules above will help you _________. A．study better B．make more friends C．stay healthier 2．Which of the following is not necessary to make you feel comfortable? A．Brush your teeth in the morning and evening. B．Wear clean and tidy clothes. C．Take a shower twice a day. 3．If you smile at people, ________. A．it’s easier to meet them B．they’ll think you’re friendly C．it shows that you’re too shy 4．The third rule means that ________. A．you should be self-centered B．you should say what you are thinking C．you should talk about the news that you heard 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Learn to Listen to People B．How to Look Nicer C．How to Be Outgoing 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为我们提出了一些如何变得外向，如何交到更多朋友的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Do you want to make more friends, but are you too shy? Read the following rules. They will help you.”可知这些规则可以使我们变得更外向，交到更多的朋友，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Feel comfortable. Always be clean. Shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clothes that make you feel good and comfortable. Those make you feel more confident.”可知作者建议淋浴、刷牙并且尽量看上去好看等做法可以让我们看起来更自信，但一天淋浴两次是不必要的，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Try to smile more often at people. It will get them to think that you are friendly.”可知更经常地对别人微笑会使他们认为你是友好的，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Outgoing people don’t even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think.”可知外向的人会大胆地说出他们的所想，故选B。 5．标题归纳题。根据“Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Do you want to make more friends, but are you too shy? Read the following rules. They will help you.”和全文可知文章主要为我们提出了如何变得外向，如何交到更多的朋友的方法，故选C。 主题02 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·福建厦门·期中） Moo Deng is a baby pygmy hippo. It is similar to a large hippo. But a pygmy hippo is much smaller. Moo Deng lives at the Khao Kheow Open Zoo in Thailand. She was born in July. Her name means “bouncing pig” or “pork patty”. Her cheeks are pink. Her belly jiggles as she runs around her pen (圈，栏，棚). She nibbles on people’s knees. She is also an Internet superstar. Every move she makes is closely watched—whether she’s being sprayed with water, being carried by zookeepers, or simply lying on the ground. Why is Moo Deng so well loved? Scientists say it is because humans are designed to like cute babies. Even baby hippos! Many baby animals look a certain way. They have big eyes and large foreheads. They have small chins and chubby bodies. These things make babies look helpless. That makes people want to protect them. Konrad Lorenz was a scientist from Austria. He was the first one to think of this idea. He talked about it in 1943. He explained that cuteness makes babies hard to ignore. This is important for babies. They cannot live on their own. They need adults to look after them. Cuteness touches people’s hearts. When we see a cute baby, we want to cuddle (搂抱) them. We want to take care of them. This is how people feel when they see Moo Deng. Pygmy hippos are in trouble. People hunt them, and the forests they live in are being cut down. Today, there are only about 2,000 pygmy hippos living in the wild. They might disappear forever. But Moo Deng’s fame might help. People love Moo Deng. Hopefully they will learn to care about all pygmy hippos. 1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ________ A．Moo Deng is a large hippo. B．Moo Deng is unfriendly to people. C．people only watch Moo Deng online. D．Moo Deng lives at a zoo in Thailand. 2．According to the scientists, people want to protect Moo Deng because ________. A．she is a small pig B．she lives in Thailand C．she is an endangered animal D．people find her cute and want to care for her 3．Which of the following explains the word “ignore” in Paragraph 3? A．pay no attention to B．take good care of C．become friends with D．look closely at 4．Why might Moo Deng’s fame be helpful for other pygmy hippos? A．More people will want to visit the zoo. B．It will help them become superstars too. C．It will help people find pygmy hippos in the wild. D．People might learn to care more about saving pygmy hippos. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．People only care about cute babies and animals. B．Pygmy hippos have big eyes and chubby bodies. C．Scientists are studying the behavior of baby hippos. D．A cute pygmy hippo who may help save her endangered species. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了生活在泰国的网红侏儒河马Moo Deng。 1．细节理解题。根据“Moo Deng lives at the Khao Kheow Open Zoo in Thailand.”可知，Moo Deng生活在泰国的绿山国家动物园。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists say it is because humans are designed to like cute babies...That makes people want to protect them.”可知，科学家说人类天生就喜欢可爱的幼崽，这让人们想要保护它们。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Konrad Lorenz was a scientist from Austria...He explained that cuteness makes babies hard to ignore.”可知，他解释说，可爱让人很难……幼崽。可以推断ignore意为“忽视”，相当于pay no attention to。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“But Moo Deng’s fame might help. People love Moo Deng. Hopefully they will learn to care about all pygmy hippos.”可知，Moo Deng的名气可能会让人们更关注拯救侏儒河马。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了可爱的侏儒河马Moo Deng，它可能会帮助拯救侏儒河马这一濒临灭绝的物种。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）A small mouse named Pat at the San Diego Zoo set a new world record (纪录) for the oldest known living mouse. Pat is a Pacific pocket mouse, and this is the smallest kind of mouse in North America. He weighs (重量是……) about as much as three coins. Pacific pocket mice live in Southern California, usually within 3.2 kilometers of the sea. They can help spread the seeds (散播种子) of the plants that grow naturally in this area. Their digging underground also helps the plants grow. But starting in the early 1930s, humans began taking up more and more of the area where the mice normally lived. Pacific pocket mice began disappearing. In the 1970s, scientists believed that the Pacific pocket mouse became extinct (灭绝的). But in 1994, scientists found a small group of Pacific pocket mice in Orange County, California. Later, they found two other small groups of the mice. Starting in 2012, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance (SDZWA) began working to help the mice by raising them. Pat was just born in the first year of that program. In 2016, the SDZWA and several other groups helped get a group of Pacific pocket mice started in a park. Soon, the number of mice in the park began growing without any help from humans. The SDZWA says they will send many mice into the wild. But Pat will continue staying at the zoo. Now he’s quite old for a mouse. 1．Why does the writer tell us how much Pat weighs? A．To tell us he is very old. B．To show that he is strong. C．To show that he is very small. D．To tell us he doesn’t eat much. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Pacific pocket mice love eating plants. B．Pacific pocket mice are good at digging. C．Pacific pocket mice only live in California. D．Pacific pocket mice are important for the environment. 3．Put the following information into the right order according to the passage. a. The SDZWA started to raise Pacific pocket mice. b. Scientists thought pacific pocket mice died out. c. The number of Pacific pocket mice in the park became larger. d. Pacific pocket mice’s living area became smaller. e. Pacific pocket mice were found in Orange County. A．b-a-e-c-d B．b-d-e-a-c C．d-b-e-a-c D．d-e-b-a-c 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The SDZWA does a good job in protecting these mice. B．A large number of people want to join the SDZWA． C．The writer has a strong love for these mice. D．Pat will go to the wild soon. 5．In which part of a magazine can you probably find the passage? A．Culture. B．Animals. C．People. D．Health. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了小囊鼠的一些信息。 1．推理判断题。根据“Pat is a Pacific pocket mouse, and this is the smallest kind of mouse in North America. He weighs (重量是……) about as much as three coins.”可知，此处描述Pat的重量是为了说明他是北美最小的鼠类之一。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本文段主要讲述了小囊鼠可以帮助传播自然生长的植物的种子，它们在地下挖掘也有助于植物生长，因此本文段说明了小囊鼠对环境的重要性。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“But starting in the early 1930s, humans began taking up more and more of the area where the mice normally lived.” “scientists believed that the Pacific pocket mouse became extinct (灭绝的).”“But in 1994, scientists found a small group of Pacific pocket mice in Orange County,”“Starting in 2012, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance (SDZWA) began working to help the mice by raising them.”“In 2016, the SDZWA and several other groups helped get a group of Pacific pocket mice started in a park.”可知，先是小囊鼠的栖息地变小(d)，科学家认为它们灭绝(b)，然后在橙县发现了它们(e)，SDZWA开始饲养它们(a)，最后公园里的鼠数量增加(c)。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Starting in 2012, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance (SDZWA) began working to help the mice by raising them.”及“In 2016, the SDZWA and several other groups helped get a group of Pacific pocket mice started in a park.”可知，SDZWA通过饲养和放归自然等方式有效地保护了这些小囊鼠。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了小囊鼠的相关信息，适合出现在动物类杂志中。故选B。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·山东德州·期中）How many fish are there in the sea? We always seem to think that there are an endless number of them. Is this true? Will we run out of fish one day? Humans began overfishing (过度捕捞) in the 19th century. Today, there are many fishing ships in the world to catch fish. In other words, we are taking away too many fish from the world’s oceans (海洋) . Fish can’t grow fast enough, so the number of species (物种) of fish is dropping quickly. Some species will soon disappear (消失) . To save these fish species, many countries have started to take actions. Along some rivers and lakes, you can see “No fishing” signs. The fish in these areas are probably under protection. Besides, different areas have closed fishing periods at different times. When the fish in a certain area start to lay eggs, the closed season for that area begins. People can’t catch fish until (直到) the young fish grow up. This is also an important way to stop overfishing. Fish are very important to the health of the sea. Let’s work together to protect our friends in the water! 1．When did humans begin overfishing? A．In the 1900s. B．In the 1800s. C．In 1900. D．In1800. 2．What can we know from Paragraph 2? A．Fish grow too fast. B．There are too many fish in the world. C．Some species of fish will become impossible to see. D．People can’t take away any fish from the world’s oceans. 3．When can people start to catch fish according to the passage? A．When the fish begin to lay eggs. B．When there are too many fish. C．When the young fish grow up. D．When there isn’t any “No fishing” sign. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Many countries did something to save fish. B．”No fishing”means there is no fish in the river. C．The closed fishing areas are all along farmlands. D．The closed season for one area isn’t good for the health of the sea. 5．Where do you think is the passage from? A．www.chinatourist.com B．www.storyhouse.com C．www.movies123.com D．www.animalworld.com 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了过度捕捞导致鱼类物种数量急剧下降的问题，以及各国为保护鱼类采取的一些措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Humans began overfishing (过度捕捞) in the 19th century.”可知，人类在19世纪开始过度捕捞，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Fish can’t grow fast enough, so the number of species (物种) of fish is dropping quickly. Some species will soon disappear (消失) .”可知，一些鱼类物种将很快消失，也就是说有些种类的鱼将可能看不到了。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“People can’t catch fish until (直到) the young fish grow up.”可知，人们可以在小鱼长大后开始捕捞，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“To save these fish species, many countries have started to take actions.”可知，许多国家已经开始采取行动来保护这些鱼类，故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要是关于鱼类的保护和过度捕捞的问题，所以最有可能是来自一个关于动物世界的网站，故选D。 8 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $