Unit 4 学案19 Discovering Useful Structures-【名校学校本学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

人教版英语必修第一册 课 学案19 Discovering Useful Structures 记 昆学习任务 At the end of the class,I will be able to l.know what is restrictive relative clause(限制性定语从句). 2.master the main elements()of the relative clause. 3.know how to choose relative pronouns(关系代词). 4.enrich language expressions using relative clauses. 抽丝剥茧 ☐Further thinking Task1课前探究 回看上面5个句子。思考：关系词在复合句中起 Underline the attribute(定语). 的作用是什么？ 1. Strange things were happening in the countryside... 2....smelly gas coming out of it. Activity 2:Find and underline the restrictive 3....bright lights were seen in the sky... relative clauses in the sentences below.What 4....more buildings fell down. function do the restrictive relative clauses have? Task2课中突破 (P52) Activity 1:Look at the sentences and answer the 1.The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible following questions. experience that my great-grandma cannot 1.They must be athletes who are masters in their forget. sports and also set good examples for others. (P38) 2.The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.(P38) 2.The couple who live next to us volunteered to 3.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in help after the volcano erupted. Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.(P38) 4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose 3.The supplies which were provided to the homes had been destroyed.(P50) disaster area were collected from around the 5.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 country. soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(P50) 在复合句中，修饰 或 的从句叫 作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫作 4.Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new 代替先行词在从句中作成分的词叫作 town have won praise. (分为关系代词和关系副词)，上面5个句子中的 关系词全部是关系词。 1170 Discovering Useful Structures学案l9 5.A doctor with whom James used to work died 2.The girl (who)I met yesterday is his sister. 听 in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 关系词： ,指代 ,在从句中作 语，此时可省略。 笔 3.Nobody knows the house whose roof has fallen Tp:根据定语从句与先行词的关系紧密程度不 down. 关系词： ,指代 ,在从句中作 同，可将定语从句分为限制性定语从句 语。 (restrictive relative clause)和非限制性定语从句 (non-restrictive relative clause)。一般来说，限 4.China is no longer the country that it used to be. 制性定语从句在意义上是先行词不可或缺的定 语，如果省略，所修饰的先行词往往不明确，这种 关系词： ,指代 ,在从句中作 定语从句前面一般不用逗号；而非限制性定语从 语。 句往往是对先行词的附加说明，为先行词提供补 Activity 4:Read the following sentences,tell your 充信息，即使去掉，也不会影响先行词的明确性， partner if the relative pronoun that could be 它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。如： replaced by which and show your reasons. Other famous sights are the Nanputuo Temple 1.This is the most shocking news that I have and the Xiamen Botanical Garden(植物园)， ever heard. which is made up of more than 20 areas filled This is the last plane that will fly to the U.S. with beautiful plants.(P77) _Further thinking 2.They are talking about the factories and Find more sentences with restrictive clauses from workers that they just visited. the text on page 50. 3.Which is the book that you lost? Activity 3:Read the five sentences in Activity 2 Who is the person that is playing football? again,and fill in the table 句子 关系代词 指代 在从句中所作成分 1 4.All that can be done has been done. I've read all the books that are not mine. 2 Music is the only thing that interests me. 3 4 5 Activity 5:Finish part 3 on page 52. ☐Further reading Work with a partner.Take turns to ask each 1.The girl that is sitting under the tree is a good other about the pictures.Make sentences with runner. restrictive relative clauses using that,which, 关系词： ,指代 ,在从句中作 ho,hose,or whom.· 语。 EXAMPLE 7110 人教版英语必修第一册 听 A:What's the rescue worker doing? 5.①I've received a book.②My father sent a 课 B:She's feeding the baby who survived the book to me. 记 earthquake. II.Complete each sentence with that,which, ho,hose,hom,or“/”.Then translate the sentences into Chinese. Task3课堂盘点 1.Here are some of the people homes 根据本节所学绘出本节课的思维导图 were destroyed by the typhoon. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people were asleep. 3.The next day,people put up shelters in the Task 4 课堂小练 open air using anything they could I.合并句子（要求：将①②两句话合并为定语 find. 从句) l.①The boy is my cousin.②I talked to the boy. 4. Several days later,most of the buildings had been damaged by the hurricane 2.①I can show you around the house.②I once were repaired. lived in the house. 5.The injured boy mother was lost in 3.①The boy is one of my best friends.②The the disaster was taken to the hospital. boy's father is a professor. 4.1We visited a beautiful palace.2The roofs of 6.The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the the palace are red. soldier by she was rescued. 172 Discovering Useful Structures 学案19 7.Is this the young boy saved several Tip: 听 other students trapped under buildings? 关系代词的省略： 1.关系代词作主语时不能省略； 记 2.作动词宾语的关系代词可以省略；作介词宾语的 关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可以省略。 ●Homework Must do 2:Fill the blanks with correct relative Must do1:填入适当的关系词 pronouns. 1.The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge My best friend is a girl has long is the world's longest cross-sea curly hair and big bright eyes.She is kind and bridge opened to public traffic on Oct.24. friendly,always ready to help those are 2.In the meantime,we've seen the arrival of a in trouble.She loves reading books are middle-class consumer market about adventure and fantasy.We often spend our demands goods at cheaper prices. weekends together,exploring places 3.The old man was honored by the Chinese haven't been.The girl name is Anna is government as one of the 100 people my little sister. have made great contributions to China's Choose to do:名言翻译并背诵（定语从句） economic development in the past four 1.He who would climb the ladder must begin at decades. the bottom. 4.He was once employed as an advanced engineer in a firm makes airplanes. 5.Among the many dangers sailors 2.He who laughs last laughs best. have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog. 6.To my amazement,the youth you chatted with was dressed in yellow all over. 3.Nothing is too difficult to the man who 7.All of a sudden,her hat was gone and all I saw will try. was this beautiful girl smile just melted me. 8.What is the youngest age at a person 4.God helps those who help themselves. can be employed? 9.I made a list of the club members from I had received replies. 5.Not all that glitters is gold. 10.My childhood experience in the countryside I valued was sweet. 课后反思 73104.(1)nurses;government;city's (2)Tangshan has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a bright future. Further reading D Task 4 Post reading Activity 1: 1.Personification 2.Personification 3.Exaggeration 4.Repetition 5.Simile Activity 2: The numbers/figures are used to not only show that the earthquake was very powerful and it caused extensive damage and suffering to people and the city,but also to make the article more concrete and persuasive Activity 3: 1.I think the revival of Tangshan was helped by the strong support of the government and the people who all worked in unity to rebuild the city even better than before. 2.Wenchuan county and some other towns near Wenchuan have the similar experiences.These towns were built up from the ruins.As well as developing better ways to detect and prepare for these disasters,we have learnt that acting quickly and in unity is the best way to get over such disasters.The strong support from government and people around are also very important. Homework Must do: 1.signs 2.who 3.to shake 4.including 5.to rescue 6.ruins 7.down 8.the 9.tireless 10.was built Choose to do: Be aware of some strange things in nature;Find safe shelters; Unite together and help each other. 学案I9 Discovering Useful Structures Task1课前探究 1.Strange things were happening in the countryside... 2....smelly gas coming out of it. 3...bright lights were seen in the sky.·· 4....more buildings fell down. Task2课中突破 Activity 1: 名词；代词；先行词；关系词；代 Further thinking 连接主句和从句；代替先行词在从句中作成分；引导定语从句。 Activity 2: 1.The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget..(关系代词that引导的定语从 句，修饰先行词experience) 2.The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.(关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行 词couple) 3.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country..(关系代词which引导的定 语从句，修饰先行词supplies) 4.Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise..(关系代词whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 architect) 5.A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.(“介词+关系代词whom”引导的定 语从句，修饰先行词doctor) Further thinking There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. (Paragraph 1) Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.(Paragraph 2) Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.(Paragraph 2) The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.(Paragraph 2) ...the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(Paragraph 4) Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(Paragraph 4) Activity 3: 句子 关系代词 指代 在从句中所作成分 that 事/物 宾语 who 人 主语 which 物 主语 whose 人 定语 whom 人 宾语 Further reading 1.that;人；主2.who;人；宾3.whose;物；定4.that;物；表 Activity 4: 以上所有句中定语从句的引导词that都不可以用which替换。 理由如下： 1.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时只能用that不能用 which; 170 2.先行词既指人又指物时只能用that不能用which; 3.当主句是who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复只能用 that不能用which; 4.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定 代词时或被不定代词修饰时，只能用that不能用which; 先行词被the only,the very修饰时，翻译为“唯一，刚好”时，只 能用that不能用which。 Activity 5: 1.A:Why is this dog part of the rescue team? B:The dog,whose job is to search people who are buried in the ruins,has an incredible sense of smell and hearing for finding people in the ruins. 2.A:Who are the people whose tent is being fixed? B:They are the people whose city was destroyed by the earthquake. 3.A:Who are these men? B:They are soldiers who were sent to rescue the injured people after the earthquake. Task3课堂盘点 定语 定语从句 定语从句的概念 关系代词 指代什么 定语从句 <所作成分 关系词 关系副词 限制性定语从句 定语从句的分类 、非限制性定语从句 that/which的区别 Task4课堂小练 I.1.The boy who/whom I talked to is my cousin. 2.I can show you around the house which/that I once lived in. 3.The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends. 4.We visited a beautiful palace whose roofs are red. 5.I've received the book that/which my father sent to me. Ⅱ.1.whose有一些人的家园被台风摧毁了。 2.who/that建筑物可怕的摇晃把人们从睡梦中惊醒。 3.that第二天，人们用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避 难所。 4.that几天以后，大多数被飓风破坏的建筑物得到了修缮。 5.whose那个在灾难中失去了母亲的受伤的男孩被送去了 医院。 6.whom这位女士给营救她的战士写了一封感谢信。 7.who/that这就是那个从楼里救出了好几位被困同学的男 孩吗？ 18 Homework Must do 1: 1.which/that 2.that/which 3.that/who 4.which/that 5.(that/which)6.(that/who/whom )7.whose 8.which 9.whom 10.(that/which Must do 2: who/that;who;which/that;which/that;whose Choose to do: 1.千里之行，始于足下。 2.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最美。 3.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 4.自助者天助之。 5.闪光的不都是金子。 学案20 Reading for Writing Task 1 Before reading 1.C 2.Tsunami 3.Asia Task 2 While reading Activity 1: Headline Byline who what when →fara.D Structure of Lead where the news report why Body details →Para.2 End(tendency effect) →Para.③ Activity 2: A.Thousands of people were killed,hurt or Para.1 missing in Asia. B.The number of deaths is expected to grow Para.2 and the damage caused by the tsunami makes it difficult for rescue workers to help the Para.3 survivors C.A tsunami killed more than 6,500 people in Asia. Activity 3: When(date) 26 December 2004 What(event) A tsunami crashed Where(place) Asia Why(cause) A powerful undersea earthquake