内容正文:
仁爱英语 八年级上册 Unit 1 My Dream Job 重点知识及练习
一、单词默写
序号
释义
英文
序号
释义
英文
1
导游(n.)
2
邮递员(n.)
3
兽医(n.)
4
盲人(n.);瞎的;失明的(adj.)
5
病人(n.);有耐心的(adj.)
6
农民(n.)
7
消防员(n.)
8
宇航员(n.)
9
律师(n.)
10
工程师(n.)
11
秘密(n.);秘密的(adj.)
12
意见;想法;观点(n.)
13
设计(v.);设计;图案(n.)
14
研究;调查(n. & v.)
15
谈话;会话(n.)
16
机会(n.)
二、单词变形默写
序号
原词
词性
变形词
词性
释义
1
show
v./n.
——
给……看;展示(v.);节目;演出(n.)
2
send
v.
sent
发送;邮寄(过去式/过去分词)
3
sick
adj.
——
生病的;恶心的
4
ill
adj.
——
生病的(常作表语)
5
patient
adj./n.
patience
耐心;忍耐力(n.)
6
danger
n.
dangerous
有危险的;不安全的(adj.)
7
success
n.
succeed
成功(v.)
7
success
n.
successful
成功的(adj.)
7
success
n.
successfully
成功地(adv.)
8
train
v.
training
训练;培训(n.)
9
encourage
v.
encouragement
鼓励(n.)
10
design
v./n.
designer
设计师(n.)
三、短语默写
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
带某人参观
2
把某物寄给某人
3
让某人做某事
4
给某人指导
5
多亏;因为
6
充满活力的;生机勃勃的
7
或许;可能
8
说出;讲出
9
关心;在意
10
下定决心做某事
11
改变主意
12
着火
13
扑灭(火)
14
得到回报;还清(债务)
15
训练某人做某事
16
偶然;意外地
17
只要
18
对……感兴趣
19
对……好奇
20
在某人看来
21
别紧张;放松
22
投票支持某人
23
鼓励某人做某事
24
同时
25
从……到……
26
办理入住;办理登机手续
27
退房;结账离开
28
做研究
四、默写答案
(一)单词答案
序号
英文
序号
英文
1
guide
2
postman
3
vet
4
blind
5
patient
6
farmer
7
firefighter
8
taikonaut
9
lawyer
10
engineer
11
secret
12
opinion
13
design
14
research
15
conversation
16
chance
(二)单词变形答案
序号
原词
词性
变形词
词性
释义
1
show
v./n.
——
v./n.
给……看;展示(v.);节目;演出(n.)
2
send
v.
sent
v.
发送;邮寄(过去式/过去分词)
3
sick
adj.
——
adj.
生病的;恶心的
4
ill
adj.
——
adj.
生病的(常作表语)
5
patient
adj./n.
patience
n.
耐心;忍耐力
6
danger
n.
dangerous
adj.
有危险的;不安全的
7
success
n.
succeed
v.
成功
7
success
n.
successful
adj.
成功的
7
success
n.
successfully
adv.
成功地
8
train
v.
training
n.
训练;培训
9
encourage
v.
encouragement
n.
鼓励
10
design
v./n.
designer
n.
设计师
(三)短语答案
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
带某人参观
show sb. around
2
把某物寄给某人
send sth. to sb./send sb. sth.
3
让某人做某事
let sb. do sth.
4
给某人指导
give directions to sb.
5
多亏;因为
thanks to
6
充满活力的;生机勃勃的
lively
7
或许;可能
maybe/may be
8
说出;讲出
speak out
9
关心;在意
care about
10
下定决心做某事
make up one's mind to do sth.
11
改变主意
change one's mind
12
着火
be on fire/catch fire
13
扑灭(火)
put out (the fire)
14
得到回报;还清(债务)
pay off
15
训练某人做某事
train sb. to do sth.
16
偶然;意外地
by chance
17
只要
as long as
18
对……感兴趣
be interested in/take an interest in
19
对……好奇
be curious about
20
在某人看来
in one's opinion/in one's view
21
别紧张;放松
take it easy
22
投票支持某人
vote for sb.
23
鼓励某人做某事
encourage sb. to do sth.
24
同时
at the same time
25
从……到……
from...to...
26
办理入住;办理登机手续
check in
27
退房;结账离开
check out
28
做研究
do research (on)
五、知识点详细讲解
(一)重点词汇用法
show
含义:动词,意为“给……看;展示;带领”;名词,意为“节目;演出;展览”。
动词核心搭配:
show sb. around(带某人参观),如“The guide showed us around the museum.(导游带我们参观了博物馆。)”;
show sb. sth./show sth. to sb.(给某人看某物),如“Can you show me your new phone?(你能给我看看你的新手机吗?)”。
名词用法:a TV show(电视节目)、a fashion show(时装秀),如“I watched a talent show last night.(昨晚我看了一场才艺表演。)”。
send
含义:动词,意为“发送;邮寄;派遣”,过去式/过去分词为“sent”。
常用搭配:
send sb. sth./send sth. to sb.(把某物寄给/送给某人),如“Please send this letter to my friend.(请把这封信寄给我的朋友。)”;
send sb. to do sth.(派某人去做某事),如“The company sent him to work in Beijing.(公司派他去北京工作。)”;
send up(发射)、send for(派人去请),如“China sent up a new satellite last month.(中国上个月发射了一颗新卫星。)”。
patient
含义:形容词,意为“有耐心的”;名词,意为“病人”。
形容词用法:be patient with sb./sth.(对某人/某物有耐心),如“Good teachers are always patient with their students.(好老师对学生总是很有耐心。)”;
名词用法:The doctor is looking after the patients.(医生正在照顾病人。);
拓展:名词“patience(耐心)”,如“He has no patience with lazy people.(他对懒人没有耐心。)”。
danger
含义:名词,意为“危险”,形容词形式“dangerous(危险的)”。
常用搭配:
in danger(处于危险中),如“Many wild animals are in danger.(许多野生动物处于危险中。)”;
out of danger(脱离危险),如“The patient is out of danger now.(病人现在脱离危险了。)”;
dangerous用法:It's dangerous to play with fire.(玩火很危险。)。
success
含义:名词,意为“成功(不可数);成功的人/事(可数)”,动词形式“succeed(成功)”,形容词“successful(成功的)”。
用法示例:
不可数名词:Success needs hard work.(成功需要努力。);
可数名词:The party was a great success.(这次派对非常成功。);
动词搭配:succeed in (doing) sth.(成功做某事),如“She succeeded in passing the exam.(她成功通过了考试。)”;
形容词用法:a successful writer(一位成功的作家)。
(二)核心短语解析
thanks to 与 thanks for
thanks to:意为“多亏;因为”,后接“原因”,表“多亏某原因带来好结果”,如“Thanks to your help, I finished on time.(多亏你的帮助,我按时完成了。)”;
thanks for:意为“因……而感谢”,后接“感谢的对象(名词/动名词)”,如“Thanks for your advice.(谢谢你的建议。)”。
make up one's mind to do sth.
含义:意为“下定决心做某事”,同义短语“decide to do sth.”,反义短语“change one's mind(改变主意)”。
用法示例:He made up his mind to study abroad.(他下定决心出国留学。);She changed her mind at the last minute.(她在最后一刻改变了主意。)。
put out
含义:意为“扑灭(火);熄灭”,为“动词+副词”短语,宾语是代词时需置于中间,名词可放中间或后面。
用法示例:The firefighters put out the fire quickly.(消防员很快扑灭了火。);The fire was big, but they put it out.(火很大,但他们还是扑灭了它。);
拓展:put相关短语“put on(穿上;上演)”“put off(推迟)”“put up(张贴)”。
be interested in 与 interesting
be interested in:意为“对……感兴趣”,修饰“人”,主语是人,如“I'm interested in English.(我对英语感兴趣。)”;
interesting:意为“有趣的”,修饰“物”,主语/定语是物,如“This book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。)”。
as long as
含义:意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时/情态动词时,从句用一般现在时表将来;也可表“和……一样长”。
用法示例:
表条件:You can go out as long as you finish homework.(只要你完成作业,就可以出去。);
表长度:The river is as long as 500 kilometers.(这条河长达500公里。)。
(三)关键句型讲解
let sb. do sth.
含义:意为“让某人做某事”,否定形式“let sb. not do sth.”,无被动语态。
用法示例:Let me help you.(让我帮你吧。);Don't let him play computer games.(别让他玩电脑游戏。)。
It's + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. / It's + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
区别:
for sb.:形容词描述“做某事的性质”(如important, necessary, easy),如“It's important for us to study hard.(对我们来说,努力学习很重要。)”;
of sb.:形容词描述“人的品质”(如kind, nice, clever),如“It's kind of you to help me.(你能帮我,真好。)”。
maybe 与 may be
maybe:副词,意为“或许;可能”,放句首,如“Maybe he will come.(他可能会来。)”;
may be:“情态动词may + be动词”,作谓语,放句中,如“He may be late.(他可能迟到了。)”。
六、易错点辨析
(一)sick 与 ill
类别
用法
位置
例句
sick
表“生病的;恶心的”,可作定语或表语
定语(名词前)、表语(系动词后)
She took care of her sick mother.(定语) He feels sick.(表语,恶心)
ill
表“生病的”,仅作表语,不作定语
表语(系动词后)
She is ill in bed.(表语)
(二)in danger 与 dangerous
类别
词性
含义
主语
例句
in danger
介词短语
处于危险中
自身处于危险的人/物
The cat is in danger.(猫处于危险中。)
dangerous
形容词
有危险的,对他人构成威胁
能带来危险的人/物
The dog is dangerous.(这只狗很危险。)
(三)check in 与 check out
类别
含义
场景
例句
check in
办理入住(酒店)、登机手续(机场)
入住酒店、机场登机
We checked in at the hotel at 3 p.m.(我们下午3点办理酒店入住。)
check out
退房(酒店)、借出(图书)
离开酒店、图书馆借书
He checked out of the hotel this morning.(他今早酒店退房。) I checked out a book from the library.(我从图书馆借了一本书。)
七、配套基础习题
(一)单项选择
1. The guide will ______ us ______ the history museum this afternoon.
A. show; around B. take; off C. put; up D. send; to
2. ______ your help, I found my lost key quickly.
A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Because D. As
3. You should be ______ with the elderly. They need more care.
A. patient B. strict C. dangerous D. successful
4. It's ______ to swim in the river alone. You mustn't do that.
A. safe B. dangerous C. interesting D. patient
5. ______ he will come to the party, but I'm not sure.
A. May be B. Must C. Maybe D. Should
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. My father ______(send)me a new bag last week.
2. She is ______(interest)in painting. She takes lessons every weekend.
3. The story is very ______(interest). All the kids love it.
4. He made up his ______(mind)to be a doctor when he was young.
5. The firefighters worked hard to ______(put)out the big fire.
6. She ______(success)in winning the singing competition yesterday.
7. It's kind ______(of/for)you to help me carry the box.
8. We should ______(encourage)children to read more books.
(三)按要求完成句子(每空一词)
1. He sent me a postcard from Beijing.(改为同义句)
He ______ a postcard ______ me from Beijing.
2. She is patient with her students.(改为名词形式)
She has ______ ______ her students.
3. The fire is very big. They can't put it out.(合并句子)
The fire is ______ big ______ them ______ put out.
4. He will go to school on foot. He finishes his breakfast.(用as long as合并)
He will go to school on foot ______ ______ ______ he finishes his breakfast.
5. Maybe she is at home now.(用may be改写)
She ______ ______ at home now.
八、习题答案
(一)单项选择
1. A(“show sb. around”表“带某人参观”,符合“导游带参观博物馆”语境;take off起飞/脱下,put up张贴,send to寄给,故选A)
2. B(“thanks to”表“多亏”,后接原因“your help”;thanks for表感谢,because/as后接从句,故选B)
3. A(“be patient with”表“对……有耐心”,符合“对老人有耐心”语境;strict严格的,dangerous危险的,successful成功的,故选A)
4. B(“独自在河里游泳很危险”,dangerous表“危险的”;safe安全的,interesting有趣的,patient耐心的,故选B)
5. C(“maybe”放句首表“可能”;may be作谓语,must/should语气不符,故选C)
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. sent(“last week”表过去,send的过去式为sent)
2. interested(“be interested in”表“对……感兴趣”,修饰人)
3. interesting(“interesting”表“有趣的”,修饰物“the story”)
4. mind(“make up one's mind”表“下定决心”,mind用单数)
5. put(“to”后接动词原形,put out表“扑灭”)
6. succeeded(“yesterday”表过去,succeed的过去式为succeeded)
7. of(形容词“kind”描述人的品质,用of)
8. encourage(“should”后接动词原形)
(三)按要求完成句子
1. sent;to(“send sb. sth.”=“send sth. to sb.”,过去式sent)
2. patience with(“patient”的名词形式为patience,“have patience with”表“对……有耐心”)
3. too;for;to(“too...for sb. to do”表“太……以至于某人不能做”)
4. as long as(“as long as”表“只要”,引导条件从句)
5. may be(“may be”作谓语,表“可能是”)
九、话题写作
假设你是李华,你的梦想是成为一名医生。请根据以下提示写一篇短文,介绍你的梦想职业及为实现梦想的计划,词数80词左右。
提示:1. 梦想职业:医生;2. 原因:帮助病人,救死扶伤;3. 计划:努力学习生物、化学,保持健康,培养耐心。
范文
My Dream Job
My dream job is to be a doctor. I want to help sick people get better and save lives—that makes me feel meaningful.
To make my dream come true, I will study hard, especially biology and chemistry. They are important for being a good doctor. I will also keep healthy by exercising every day. What's more, I will practice being patient with others, because doctors need to care for patients carefully.
I believe as long as I keep trying, I will succeed one day.
核心语块
1. 短语:dream job(梦想职业)、get better(好转)、make...come true(使……实现)、keep healthy(保持健康)、as long as(只要)
2. 句型:My dream job is to be...(介绍梦想职业);To make my dream come true, I will...(介绍实现计划);I believe as long as...(表达信心)
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