语法非谓语课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习

非谓语-动词不定式 基础版 Learning aims: 1. To grasp the different forms and meanings of non-predicate verbs. 2.To judge when to use non-predicate verbs in a sentence. 年份 2024 2025 2023 冠词 1 1 1 连词 1 2 1 副词 0 1 1 动词 2 （1谓+1非谓） 2（非谓语0） 4 （4非谓） 名词 3 1 1 介词 1 1 1 代词 0 1 1 形容词 2 1 0 考情分析：近三年语法填空考向分布 Review What is non-predicate verb ? 动词的两个基本用法：谓语(形式多样化)和非谓语 非谓语动词—定义 在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。（简单来说，除了不作谓语，其它句子成分都可以用非谓语动词表示）。 为什么会有非谓语动词存在—功能 一个句子有且只能有一个动词作谓语。 （其他动词要在该句子中存在只能变成非谓语）。 非谓语动词的三种基本形式: to do(不定式), doing(现在分词 / 动名词), done(过去分词) 不定式 (to do)： 表示目的、未来或将发生的动作。 动名词/现在分词 (doing)：表示主动、进行或习惯性动作。 过去分词 (done)： 表示被动或已完成的状态。 Step1:判断是否需要用非谓语动词 1.一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词: He plays football every day. 2.若句中出现两个及以上的动词，需用连词把它们连接起来: He is a player and plays football every day. 3.复合句 (从句)中，有几个简单句就有几个谓语动词: He is a player who plays football every day. 非谓语动词→做题技巧 Step1:判断是否需要用非谓语动词 如果一个句子中已经存在一个谓语动单词，在没有连词，也不是复合句的情况下，那么第二个动词就用非谓语动词。 I don 't know the woman talking to my mother. 句中已经有了谓语动词know,并且没有连词，也不是复合句，那么出现的第二个动词talk就得用非谓语形式。 _____many times , but he still couldn't understand it . 2. _____many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told B. Telling C. He was told D. To tell C A Step2: 判断是主动还是被动 ①找非谓语动词的逻辑主语: ②判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间是主谓(主动)关系还是动宾(被动)关系. ______from space , the earth looks blue . 2.____from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See A B 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。 I like ______ (play) the piano. He likes ______ (play) the piano. They like ______ (play) the piano. playing playing playing The differences between predicate and non finite verb 非谓语动词（Non-finite Verbs）是动词的非限定形式，不随主语人称、数及时态变化。‌非谓语动词不受主句时态影响，但存在自身时态形式以体现动作时间关系。 非谓语动词的时态、语态 非谓语 时态 主动 被动 to do 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing / doing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done done 一般式 / done Step3: 判断时态 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的时态并非独立存在，而是通过其与句子谓语动词的时间关系来体现。核心判断标准为：‌非谓语动作与谓语动作发生的先后顺序‌，具体可分为三种情况： 1.完成式‌：表示动作发生于谓语动作之前。 例：‌Having finished‌ homework, he went out.（现在分词完成式表前置动作）。 ____ our homework, we went out to play basketball. A. Finish B. Finished C. we finished D. Having finished D Step3: 判断时态 2.一般式‌：表示与谓语动作同时或之后发生。 例：She seems ‌to understand‌ the problem.（不定式一般式表将来动作） Seeing the accident, she called 120 immediately.（seeing与called同时发生）. 3.进行式‌：强调动作正在进行。 例：‌Being repaired‌, the road caused traffic jams.（现在分词被动进行式）。 Step3: 判断时态 ‌‌‌‌ The building ______now is a restaurant . 2.The building ______next year will be a restaurant . 3.The building ______last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built  C. being built D. built  C B D 句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。 句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。 句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词, 选D 小试牛刀 1. The villagers plan ______ a new bridge over the river. A. build B. building C. to build D. built 2. My friend advises me ______ comedies to relax myself. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 3. The engineers will keep ______ the project with the manager of the company. A. discuss B. discussed C. discussing D. to discuss 真题链接 1. (2024·全国I卷)These sepals [植]萼片open on warm days 58____ (give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.2.【2023全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 3.And when 16. ________ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). to teach to gave asked Summary 实战技巧口诀 · 作主语/宾语：“一件事”用doing，“目的未来”用to do。 · 作定语：“被动完成”用ed，“主动进行”用ing，“将来目的”用to do。 · 作状语：分析主语定主动，主被关系是关键。主动用ing，被动用ed，目的用to do。 · 作补语：看感觉和使役，主动进行用ing，被动完成用ed，省略to要牢记。 We visited the small village lying (lie) south of the lake. (lie “位于” 与 village 是主动关系) Having worked (work) all night, he was very tired. (work 与 he 是主动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前) Given (give) more time, she could have done the job better. (give 与 she 是被动关系) The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed (follow) by his dog. (follow 与 the hunter 是被动关系) I look forward to the activity to be held (hold) tomorrow. (hold 与 hold 是被动关系，且不定式表将来) To achieve (achieve) what I want, I must use my time well. (不定式表目的) Practice fill in the blank Thank You (主语) 非谓 句子分析 1.Walking along the beach. she found a beautiful seashell. 她沿着海滩走着时，发现了一个美丽的贝壳。 (walk是非谓语，和谓语动作find同时发生，且和逻辑主语 she是主动关系，所以用现在分词) 2. To succeed in life. one must be persistent and hard-working. 要在生活中取得成功，一个人必须坚持不懈、努力工作。 (succeed是非谓语，和逻辑主语one是主动关系，还没有成功，所以用不定式表将来) 3. Having been invited to the party,my brother was very happy (invite是非谓语，发生在谓语动作behappy之前，且和逻辑主语my brother是被动关系，所以用完成被动式) $