内容正文:
沪外教版 八上 Unit 1 Animal protection.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
habitat /'hæbɪtæt/ n. (动植物的)生活环境,栖息地
复数:habitats
N/A
habitat of sth.(某物的栖息地)
1. The forest is the habitat of many birds.(这片森林是许多鸟类的栖息地。)2. We should protect the natural habitat of pandas.(我们应该保护熊猫的自然栖息地。)
2
countryside /'kʌntrisaɪd/ n. 乡村;农村
不可数名词
N/A
1. in the countryside(在乡村)2. beautiful countryside(美丽的乡村)
1. My grandparents live in the countryside.(我的祖父母住在乡村。)2. We went for a walk in the beautiful countryside last weekend.(上周末我们去美丽的乡村散步了。)
3
description /dɪ'skrɪpʃn/ n. 描写(文字);形容;说明
复数:descriptions
describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述;描写
description of sth.(对某物的描述)
1. Can you give a description of your new school?(你能描述一下你的新学校吗?)2. The book has a detailed description of animals.(这本书有对动物的详细描述。)
4
golden /'ɡəʊldən/ adj. 金色的;金黄色的
比较级:more golden;最高级:most golden
gold /ɡəʊld/ n. 黄金;adj. 金色的
1. golden hair(金发)2. golden sun(金色的太阳)
1. The little girl has beautiful golden hair.(这个小女孩有一头漂亮的金发。)2. The golden sun rose in the east.(金色的太阳从东方升起。)
5
honey /'hʌni/ n. 蜂蜜
不可数名词;复数honeys(表“多种蜂蜜”,罕见)
N/A
1. a jar of honey(一罐蜂蜜)2. sweet honey(甜甜的蜂蜜)
1. My mom bought a jar of honey from the supermarket.(妈妈从超市买了一罐蜂蜜。)2. Bees make sweet honey from flowers.(蜜蜂用花粉酿出甜甜的蜂蜜。)
6
flightless /'flaɪtləs/ adj. (鸟或昆虫)不能飞的
无比较级/最高级
flight /flaɪt/ n. 飞行;航班
flightless bird(不会飞的鸟,如企鹅)
1. Penguins are flightless birds living in the South Pole.(企鹅是生活在南极的不会飞的鸟。)2. The ostrich is another famous flightless bird.(鸵鸟是另一种著名的不会飞的鸟。)
7
grey /ɡreɪ/ adj. 灰色的;烟灰色的;灰白色的
比较级:greyer;最高级:greyest;n. 灰色(同形)
N/A
1. grey sky(灰色的天空)2. grey hair(白发,灰白色头发)
1. The sky turned grey before the rain.(下雨前天空变成了灰色。)2. My grandpa has grey hair now.(爷爷现在有了白发。)
8
weigh /weɪ/ v. 有……重;重
过去式/过去分词:weighed
weight /weɪt/ n. 重量
weigh + 数字 + 单位(重……,如weigh 5kg)
1. The baby weighs 3 kilograms at birth.(这个婴儿出生时重3千克。)2. Can you weigh this box for me?(你能帮我称一下这个箱子的重量吗?)
9
kilogramme /'kɪləɡræm/ n. 千克;公斤
复数:kilogrammes(缩写:kg,单复数同形)
N/A
数字 + kilogramme(s)(……千克,如5 kilogrammes)
1. I need to buy 2 kilogrammes of apples.(我需要买2千克苹果。)2. This bag of rice weighs 10 kilogrammes.(这袋大米重10千克。)
10
beaver /'biːvə(r)/ n. 河狸
复数:beavers
N/A
N/A(常用搭配“a beaver”“wild beavers”)
1. Beavers are good at building dams in rivers.(河狸擅长在河里筑坝。)2. We saw a family of beavers in the forest.(我们在森林里看到了一窝河狸。)
11
freshwater /'freʃwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 淡水的
无比较级/最高级
N/A
1. freshwater lake(淡水湖)2. freshwater fish(淡水鱼)
1. There are many kinds of freshwater fish in this lake.(这个湖里有很多种淡水鱼。)2. The river provides freshwater for the nearby village.(这条河为附近的村庄提供淡水。)
12
ecosystem /'iːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统
复数:ecosystems
N/A
natural ecosystem(自然生态系统)
1. Destroying forests will damage the natural ecosystem.(破坏森林会破坏自然生态系统。)2. We should try our best to protect the ecosystem of the ocean.(我们应该尽力保护海洋生态系统。)
13
pound /paʊnd/ n. 磅(重量单位,合 0.454 千克)
复数:pounds(缩写:lb,单复数同形)
N/A
数字 + pound(s)(……磅,如3 pounds)
1. This bag of sugar weighs 2 pounds.(这袋糖重2磅。)2. One kilogramme is about 2.2 pounds.(1千克约等于2.2磅。)
14
thick /θɪk/ adj. 浓密的;稠密的;茂密的
比较级:thicker;最高级:thickest
N/A
1. thick hair(浓密的头发)2. thick forest(茂密的森林)
1. The bear has thick fur to keep warm in winter.(熊有浓密的毛,冬天可以保暖。)2. We walked through a thick forest to reach the village.(我们穿过茂密的森林到达了村庄。)
15
furry /'fɜːri/ adj. 覆盖毛皮的
比较级:furrier;最高级:furriest
fur /fɜː(r)/ n. 毛皮;软毛
furry animal(毛茸茸的动物)
1. The cat has a furry tail.(这只猫有一条毛茸茸的尾巴。)2. Children like to touch furry animals like rabbits.(孩子们喜欢摸兔子这类毛茸茸的动物。)
16
mix /mɪks/ n. 混合;混杂;结合
复数:mixes;v. 混合(同形,过去式:mixed)
mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ n. 混合物
1. n. a mix of(……的混合)2. v. mix A and B(把A和B混合)
1. This drink is a mix of juice and water.(这种饮料是果汁和水的混合。)2. Please mix the flour and sugar together.(请把面粉和糖混合在一起。)
17
forest /'fɒrɪst/ n. 森林;林区
复数:forests
N/A
1. rainforest(热带雨林)2. in the forest(在森林里)
1. Many animals live in the Amazon rainforest.(许多动物生活在亚马逊热带雨林里。)2. We went camping in the forest last summer.(去年夏天我们去森林里露营了。)
18
reptile /'reptaɪl/ n. 爬行动物
复数:reptiles
N/A
1. cold-blooded reptile(冷血爬行动物)2. reptile zoo(爬行动物动物园)
1. Snakes and lizards are common reptiles.(蛇和蜥蜴是常见的爬行动物。)2. We saw many interesting reptiles in the zoo.(我们在动物园里看到了很多有趣的爬行动物。)
19
environment /ɪn'vaɪrənmənt/ n. 自然环境;生态环境
不可数名词
environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj. 环境的
1. protect the environment(保护环境)2. natural environment(自然环境)
1. It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment.(保护环境是每个人的责任。)2. Pollution is bad for the natural environment.(污染对自然环境有害。)
20
scale /skeɪl/ n. 鳞;鳞片
复数:scales
N/A
1. fish scales(鱼鳞)2. on the scale(在鳞片上)
1. Fish have scales to protect their bodies.(鱼有鳞片来保护身体。)2. She cleaned the fish scales before cooking.(她做饭前清理了鱼鳞。)
21
Indian /'ɪndiən/ adj. 印度的;印度人的;印度文化的
无比较级/最高级;n. 印度人(复数:Indians)
India /ˈɪndiə/ n. 印度
1. Indian food(印度食物)2. Indian culture(印度文化)
1. We tried delicious Indian food at the restaurant.(我们在餐馆品尝了美味的印度食物。)2. He is interested in Indian culture and history.(他对印度文化和历史感兴趣。)
22
the Indian Ocean /ði ,ɪndiən 'əʊʃn/ 印度洋(印度以南的大洋)
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定大洋,首字母大写,前加the
1. The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean in the world.(印度洋是世界第三大海洋。)2. Many ships sail across the Indian Ocean every year.(每年有很多船只穿越印度洋。)
23
species /'spiːʃiːz/ n. 种,物种(分类上小于属)
单复数同形
N/A
1. endangered species(濒危物种)2. a species of(一种……)
1. Pandas are an endangered species.(熊猫是濒危物种。)2. This is a rare species of bird in China.(这是中国一种罕见的鸟类。)
24
extinct /ɪk'stɪŋkt/ adj. (某种植物、动物等)不再存在的;已灭绝的;绝种的
无比较级/最高级
extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝(见序号25)
extinct species(已灭绝物种)
1. Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago.(恐龙在数百万年前就灭绝了。)2. We can learn about extinct animals from fossils.(我们可以从化石中了解已灭绝的动物。)
25
extinction /ɪk'stɪŋkʃn/ n. (植物、动物等的)灭绝,绝种
不可数名词
extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 已灭绝的(见序号24)
1. risk of extinction(灭绝风险)2. prevent extinction(防止灭绝)
1. The animal is in danger of extinction.(这种动物面临灭绝的危险。)2. We need to take action to prevent the extinction of rare species.(我们需要采取行动防止珍稀物种灭绝。)
26
risk /rɪsk/ v. 冒……的风险(或危险)
过去式/过去分词:risked;n. 风险(同形)
risky /ˈrɪski/ adj. 有风险的
1. v. risk doing sth.(冒险做某事)2. n. take a risk(冒险)
1. He risked his life to save the drowning child.(他冒着生命危险救了溺水的孩子。)2. Don’t take a risk when crossing the street.(过马路时不要冒险。)
27
conservation /ˌkɒnsə'veɪʃn/ n. (对自然环境的)保护
不可数名词
conserve /kənˈsɜːv/ v. 保护(初中选学)
1. conservation of energy(能源保护)2. wildlife conservation(野生动物保护)
1. The government has made laws for wildlife conservation.(政府已制定野生动物保护法。)2. We should take part in environmental conservation activities.(我们应该参加环境保护活动。)
28
hunt /hʌnt/ v. 打猎;猎取;猎杀
过去式/过去分词:hunted;n. 打猎(同形)
hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n. 猎人
1. hunt for(猎杀;搜寻)2. hunt animals(猎杀动物)
1. People used to hunt tigers for their fur.(人们过去常猎杀老虎获取皮毛。)2. The hunter went to hunt for deer in the forest.(猎人去森林里猎鹿了。)
29
trade /treɪd/ v. 做买卖;做生意;从事贸易
过去式/过去分词:traded;n. 贸易(同形)
trader /ˈtreɪdə(r)/ n. 商人(初中选学)
1. trade with(与……贸易)2. trade in(做……生意)
1. China trades with many countries around the world.(中国与世界上许多国家有贸易往来。)2. His father trades in fruits and vegetables.(他爸爸做水果蔬菜生意。)
30
widespread /'waɪdspred/ adj. 分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
比较级:more widespread;最高级:most widespread
N/A
1. widespread pollution(广泛的污染)2. widespread use(广泛使用)
1. Widespread deforestation is bad for the environment.(大面积砍伐森林对环境有害。)2. The Internet has a widespread use in our life.(互联网在我们生活中被广泛使用。)
31
destroy /dɪ'strɔɪ/ v. 摧毁;毁灭;破坏
过去式/过去分词:destroyed
destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 破坏(初中选学)
destroy sth.(摧毁某物)
1. The earthquake destroyed many houses.(地震摧毁了很多房子。)2. Don’t destroy the plants in the park.(不要破坏公园里的植物。)
32
population /ˌpɒpju'leɪʃn/ n. (统称)某领域的生物;族群;人口
不可数名词(表“人口/族群”)
N/A
1. the population of(……的人口/族群数量)2. small population(少量族群)
1. The population of pandas in China is increasing.(中国熊猫的数量在增加。)2. What is the population of your city?(你所在城市的人口是多少?)
33
aware /ə'weə(r)/ adj. 知道;意识到;明白
比较级:more aware;最高级:most aware
awareness /əˈweənəs/ n. 意识(初中选学)
be aware of(意识到……)
1. We should be aware of the importance of protecting animals.(我们应该意识到保护动物的重要性。)2. She wasn’t aware of the danger ahead.(她没有意识到前方的危险。)
34
engineer /ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r)/ n. 工程师;设计师
复数:engineers
engineering /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ n. 工程学(初中选学)
1. civil engineer(土木工程师)2. software engineer(软件工程师)
1. His father is a civil engineer who builds bridges.(他爸爸是一名建桥的土木工程师。)2. She wants to be a software engineer when she grows up.(她长大后想当一名软件工程师。)
35
store /stɔː(r)/ v. 贮存;贮藏;保存
过去式/过去分词:stored;n. 商店(同形)
storage /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ n. 储存(初中选学)
1. store sth. in(把某物储存在……里)2. store food(储存食物)
1. We store vegetables in the fridge to keep them fresh.(我们把蔬菜储存在冰箱里保鲜。)2. Farmers store grain for the winter.(农民储存粮食过冬。)
36
recent /'riːsnt/ adj. 近来的;新近的
比较级:more recent;最高级:most recent
recently /ˈriːsntli/ adv. 最近
1. recent years(近年来)2. recent news(最新消息)
1. Many changes have taken place in our city in recent years.(近年来我们城市发生了很多变化。)2. Did you hear the recent news about the animal protection?(你听说关于动物保护的最新消息了吗?)
37
law /lɔː/ n. 法律
复数:laws
legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. 法律的(初中选学)
1. make a law(制定法律)2. follow the law(遵守法律)
1. The government made a new law to protect wildlife.(政府制定了新的野生动物保护法。)2. Everyone should follow the law in society.(社会中每个人都应该遵守法律。)
38
endanger /ɪn'deɪndʒə(r)/ v. 使遭危险;危及;危害
过去式/过去分词:endangered
endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒危的
endanger sb./sth.(危及某人/某物)
1. Pollution endangers the lives of many animals.(污染危及许多动物的生命。)2. Cutting down trees will endanger the natural habitat of birds.(砍伐树木会危及鸟类的自然栖息地。)
39
act /ækt/ n. (议会通过的)法案,法令
复数:acts;v. 行动(同形)
action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动
1. n. environmental act(环境法案)2. v. act quickly(迅速行动)
1. The new environmental act will take effect next year.(新的环境法案将于明年生效。)2. We need to act now to protect the earth.(我们需要立即行动保护地球。)
40
educate /'edʒukeɪt/ v. 教导;教养;训练
过去式/过去分词:educated
education /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ n. 教育
1. educate sb. about(教导某人关于……)2. educate children(教育孩子)
1. Schools should educate students about environmental protection.(学校应该教导学生环境保护知识。)2. Parents play an important role in educating their children.(父母在教育孩子方面扮演重要角色。)
41
benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. 优势;益处;成效
复数:benefits;v. 受益(同形)
beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的
1. n. benefit of(……的益处)2. v. benefit from(从……受益)
1. There are many benefits of exercising every day.(每天锻炼有很多益处。)2. We can benefit from reading more books.(多读书能让我们受益。)
42
die out 灭绝;消失
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
主语多为“物种”,表“彻底消失”
1. If we don’t protect them, this species will die out.(如果我们不保护它们,这个物种将会灭绝。)2. Many old traditions have died out over time.(随着时间推移,许多古老传统已经消失了。)
43
at risk of 有危险;冒风险
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
be at risk of(面临……的风险)
1. The old building is at risk of falling down.(这座老建筑面临倒塌的风险。)2. Animals living in polluted areas are at risk of illness.(生活在污染区域的动物面临生病的风险。)
44
in short 总之;简而言之
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
用于总结前文内容,放句首/句中
1. In short, we need to work together to protect the environment.(总之,我们需要共同努力保护环境。)2. The movie is interesting, educational and moving. In short, it’s worth watching.(这部电影有趣、有教育意义且感人。总之,值得一看。)
45
North America /ˌnɔːθ ə'merɪkə/ 北美洲,北美大陆
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定大洲,首字母大写
1. North America is home to many interesting animals.(北美洲是许多有趣动物的家园。)2. He traveled across North America last year.(去年他穿越了北美大陆。)
46
the United States /ðə juˌnaɪtɪd ,steɪts/ 美国;美利坚合众国
专有名词,无词形变化
American /əˈmerɪkən/ adj. 美国的;n. 美国人
表特定国家,首字母大写,前加the
1. The United States is a developed country in North America.(美国是北美洲的发达国家。)2. My pen pal lives in the United States.(我的笔友住在美国。)
47
Alhambra Creek /æl'hæmbrə kriːk/ 阿尔罕布拉溪流
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定溪流,首字母大写
1. Alhambra Creek is a small but clean river in California.(阿尔罕布拉溪流是加利福尼亚州一条小而干净的河。)2. Many fish live in Alhambra Creek.(阿尔罕布拉溪流里生活着很多鱼。)
48
Martinez /mɑːr'tiːnez/ 马丁内斯
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定地名,首字母大写
1. Martinez is a city in California, the United States.(马丁内斯是美国加利福尼亚州的一座城市。)2. We stayed in Martinez for two days during our trip.(旅行期间我们在马丁内斯待了两天。)
49
California /ˌkælə'fɔːniə/ 加利福尼亚(美国太平洋沿岸的州)
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定州,首字母大写
1. California is famous for its beautiful beaches.(加利福尼亚州以美丽的海滩闻名。)2. Many people go to California for vacation.(很多人去加利福尼亚州度假。)
50
chain /tʃeɪn/ n. 一系列,一连串(人或事)
复数:chains;v. 用链条拴住(初中选学)
N/A
a chain of(一连串……;一系列……)
1. A chain of events led to the accident.(一连串事件导致了这场事故。)2. There is a chain of mountains in the west of our country.(我国西部有一系列山脉。)
51
imbalance /ɪm'bæləns/ n. 失衡;不平衡;不公平
不可数名词
balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡;v. 使平衡
1. ecological imbalance(生态失衡)2. imbalance between(……之间的不平衡)
1. Cutting down too many trees causes ecological imbalance.(砍伐过多树木导致生态失衡。)2. There is an imbalance between work and life for many people.(很多人存在工作与生活的不平衡。)
52
topic /'tɒpɪk/ n. 话题;题目;标题
复数:topics
N/A
1. topic about(关于……的话题)2. discuss a topic(讨论一个话题)
1. We had a discussion about the topic of environmental protection.(我们就环境保护这个话题进行了讨论。)2. The teacher asked us to write an essay on the topic of “My Dream”.(老师让我们写一篇题为《我的梦想》的作文。)
53
plastic /'plæstɪk/ adj. 塑料制的;塑料的
无比较级/最高级;n. 塑料(不可数)
N/A
1. plastic bag(塑料袋)2. plastic bottle(塑料瓶,见序号54)
1. We should use fewer plastic bags to protect the environment.(我们应该少用塑料袋保护环境。)2. This cup is made of plastic.(这个杯子是塑料做的。)
54
bottle /'bɒtl/ n. (细颈)瓶子
复数:bottles;v. 装瓶(初中选学)
N/A
1. plastic bottle(塑料瓶)2. a bottle of(一瓶……,如a bottle of water)
1. Please throw the empty plastic bottle into the recycling bin.(请把空塑料瓶扔进回收箱。)2. She bought a bottle of juice from the store.(她从商店买了一瓶果汁。)
55
raise /reɪz/ v. 抚养;养育;培养
过去式/过去分词:raised;n. 提升(初中选学)
N/A
1. raise children(抚养孩子)2. raise awareness(提高意识)
1. Her parents raised her to be a kind person.(她的父母把她培养成一个善良的人。)2. We need to raise public awareness of wildlife protection.(我们需要提高公众的野生动物保护意识。)
56
creature /'kriːtʃə(r)/ n. 生物;动物
复数:creatures
N/A
1. living creature(生物)2. sea creature(海洋生物)
1. There are many strange creatures in the deep sea.(深海里有很多奇怪的生物。)2. We should respect all living creatures on earth.(我们应该尊重地球上所有的生物。)
57
poach /pəʊtʃ/ v. (在他人地界)偷猎,偷捕
过去式/过去分词:poached
poacher /ˈpəʊtʃə(r)/ n. 偷猎者
poach sth.(偷猎某物,如poach elephants)
1. It’s illegal to poach elephants for their ivory.(偷猎大象获取象牙是违法的。)2. The police caught two men who were poaching deer.(警察抓获了两名偷猎鹿的男子。)
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