Unit 4 In the neighbourhood-B Reading and critical thinking 教学设计2025-2026学年沪外教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 In the neighbourhood-B Reading and critical thinking This unit focuses on the theme of "In the neighbourhood". The reading material in this part mainly introduces different aspects of the neighbourhood, such as various facilities, the relationship between neighbours, and the characteristics of different neighbourhoods. Through reading, students will gain a deeper understanding of the concept of the neighbourhood and learn relevant vocabulary and expressions. 教学目标 1. Knowledge Objectives Students will be able to understand and master key vocabulary and phrases related to the neighbourhood, such as "grocery store", "community centre", "friendly neighbours", etc. They will be able to comprehend the main idea and important details of the reading passage, and summarize the content in simple English. Students will learn some useful sentence patterns for describing the neighbourhood, like "There is/are... in the neighbourhood." and "The neighbourhood is...". 2. Ability Objectives Improve students' reading skills, including skimming for the main idea, scanning for specific information, and inferring the meaning of unknown words from context. Develop students' critical thinking ability by asking them to analyze and evaluate the information in the reading material, and express their own opinions. Enhance students' oral and written communication skills. They should be able to talk about their own neighbourhoods based on what they have learned in the reading, and write a short passage to introduce their neighbourhoods. 3. Emotional Objectives Cultivate students' sense of community and a positive attitude towards their neighbourhoods. Encourage students to actively participate in classroom activities and cooperate with their classmates, so as to improve their teamwork spirit. 教学重难点 1. Key Points Key vocabulary and phrases related to the neighbourhood. Teachers can use pictures, real objects or short videos to help students understand and remember these words, and design vocabulary games such as word bingo or crossword puzzles to strengthen students' memory. The main idea and important details of the reading passage. Teachers can guide students to read the passage carefully, ask them to underline the key sentences and summarize the content in each paragraph. Useful sentence patterns for describing the neighbourhood. Teachers can provide a lot of examples for students to imitate and practice, and let students make sentences by themselves. 2. Difficult Points How to help students understand the implicit information in the reading passage and infer the author's intention. Teachers can ask students some guiding questions, such as "Why does the author mention this?", "What can we learn from this sentence?" to help students think deeply. How to cultivate students' critical thinking ability. Teachers can design some discussion topics, such as "What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in this neighbourhood?", and encourage students to express their different views. 1. Vocabulary Neighbourhood facilities: grocery store, convenience store, bakery, pharmacy, community centre, park, playground, library, etc. Descriptive words: quiet, noisy, friendly, convenient, peaceful, lively, etc. Verbs and phrases: live in, move to, get along with, take a walk, play games, etc. 2. Sentence Patterns There is/are... in the neighbourhood. For example, "There is a beautiful park in my neighbourhood." "There are several grocery stores near my home." The neighbourhood is... For example, "The neighbourhood is very quiet and peaceful." "My neighbourhood is convenient because there are many shops." I live in... It is... For example, "I live in a small town. It is a very friendly place." 3. Reading Skills Skimming: Read the title, headings, first and last paragraphs quickly to get the general idea of the passage. Scanning: Look for specific information, such as numbers, names, and key words in the passage. Inferring: Guess the meaning of unknown words or phrases from the context. 教学过程 1. Lead - in (5 minutes) Show some pictures of different neighbourhoods on the PPT, including pictures of various facilities like a busy street with shops, a quiet park, and a community centre. Ask students: "What can you see in these pictures? Do you like these neighbourhoods? Why or why not?" Encourage several students to share their ideas. This activity can arouse students' interest and activate their prior knowledge related to the topic. 2. Pre - reading (10 minutes) Present some new words and phrases related to the neighbourhood on the blackboard or PPT, such as "grocery store", "community centre", "friendly neighbours". Explain the meaning and pronunciation of these words and phrases. For example, when teaching "grocery store", show a picture of a grocery store and say, "This is a grocery store. We can buy food and daily necessities here. /ˈɡrəʊsəri stɔː(r)/". Let students read the new words and phrases after the teacher several times, and then ask them to practice reading in pairs. Then, let students look at the title and the pictures in the reading passage. Ask them to predict what the passage will be about. For example, ask: "Look at the title 'My Lovely Neighbourhood' and these pictures. What do you think the author will talk about in the passage?" Invite some students to share their predictions. 3. While - reading (15 minutes) Skimming: Ask students to read the passage quickly within 2 - 3 minutes and find out the main idea of the passage. Then, ask them to answer the question: "What is the main idea of this passage?" Guide students to summarize the main idea in one or two sentences. For example, "The passage mainly introduces the facilities and the friendly atmosphere in the author's neighbourhood." Scanning: Let students read the passage carefully for the second time. Give them some specific questions, such as "How many grocery stores are there in the neighbourhood?", "What do neighbours often do together?" Ask students to scan the passage to find the answers. After they finish, check the answers together. Detailed reading: Read the passage sentence by sentence with students. Explain some difficult sentences and new grammar points. For example, if there is a sentence "There are so many interesting things to do in our community centre.", explain the structure "There be + sth. + to do", which means there are some things available for people to do. Let students imitate this sentence to make their own sentences. Also, when encountering new words in context, ask students to guess the meaning according to the context first, and then confirm the meaning. 4. Post - reading (10 minutes) Group discussion: Divide students into groups of 4 - 5. Give each group a topic related to the reading, such as "What are the advantages and disadvantages of the neighbourhood in the passage? If you live there, what would you like to change?" Each group discusses the topic for about 5 minutes. Then, ask each group to choose a representative to share their group's ideas with the whole class. Writing: Ask students to write a short passage to introduce their own neighbourhoods. They can refer to the structure and expressions in the reading passage. Give them some key words and phrases on the PPT to help them, such as "My neighbourhood", "There is/are", "I like... because...". Students write for about 5 minutes. After they finish, ask several students to read their passages aloud, and give them some simple comments and praise. 5. Summary and Homework (5 minutes) Summary: Summarize the key points of this class with students, including new vocabulary, sentence patterns, reading skills, and the main content of the reading passage. For example, review the new words and phrases related to the neighbourhood, and repeat the important sentence patterns for describing the neighbourhood. Homework: Ask students to copy the new words and phrases three times and make sentences with them. This can help students further master the new vocabulary. Let students go home and interview their parents or neighbours about their opinions on the neighbourhood, and then write a short report about the interview next class. This homework can improve students' oral and written communication skills, and also strengthen their understanding of the topic. 教学反思 After this class, I need to reflect on the following aspects. In terms of teaching methods, using pictures and group discussions can effectively arouse students' interest and enthusiasm, but in the future, I can try to introduce more real - life examples, such as showing short videos of local neighbourhoods, to make the content more vivid and closer to students' lives. When dealing with new words, although I used various methods to help students understand, some students may still have difficulty remembering them. I can design more vocabulary - building games in the next class to strengthen their memory. In the reading process, some students still have problems with inferring implicit information. I should give more guidance and practice in this aspect in the future teaching, and ask more thought - provoking questions to train students' critical thinking ability. In the writing part, some students' writing is relatively simple. I need to provide more writing templates and excellent examples in the next class to help them improve their writing level. Overall, through this reflection, I will adjust my teaching strategies in the next class to better meet the learning needs of students. 2 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $