内容正文:
沪外教版 七上 UNIT 3 Be healthy, be happy. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
energy /'enədʒi/ n. 精力;活力;干劲
不可数名词
energetic /ˌenə'dʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的
full of energy(充满精力);save energy(节约能源)
1. He is full of energy and plays sports every day.(他精力充沛,每天都做运动。)2. We should save energy to protect the environment.(我们应该节约能源来保护环境。)
2
active /'æktɪv/ adj. 活跃的;(思想上)充满活力的
比较级:more active;最高级:most active
activity /æk'tɪvəti/ n. 活动
be active in(在……方面活跃);active life(积极的生活)
1. She is active in school clubs and activities.(她在学校社团和活动中很活跃。)2. Old people should keep an active life to stay healthy.(老年人应该保持积极的生活来维持健康。)
3
salad /'sæləd/ n.(生吃的)蔬菜色拉,蔬菜沙拉
复数:salads
N/A
fruit salad(水果沙拉);vegetable salad(蔬菜沙拉)
1. My mom makes delicious fruit salad for breakfast.(妈妈早餐做美味的水果沙拉。)2. We bought a vegetable salad from the supermarket.(我们从超市买了一份蔬菜沙拉。)
4
cucumber /'kju:kʌmbə(r)/ n. 黄瓜
复数:cucumbers
N/A
fresh cucumber(新鲜黄瓜);cucumber salad(黄瓜沙拉)
1. I like to eat fresh cucumber in summer.(夏天我喜欢吃新鲜黄瓜。)2. She added cucumber to the salad to make it crisp.(她往沙拉里加了黄瓜,让它更脆。)
5
carrot /'kærət/ n. 胡萝卜
复数:carrots
N/A
raw carrot(生胡萝卜);cook carrots(煮胡萝卜)
1. Eating carrots is good for our eyes.(吃胡萝卜对眼睛好。)2. My little sister doesn’t like cooked carrots but eats raw ones.(我妹妹不喜欢煮胡萝卜,但吃生胡萝卜。)
6
least /li:st/ adv. 最小;最少;微不足道
无词形变化(little的最高级,adj. 最高级同形)
N/A
1. at least(至少,见序号12)2. the least + 形容词(最不……)
1. He spends at least two hours reading every day.(他每天至少花两小时阅读。)2. This is the least interesting book I’ve ever read.(这是我读过的最无趣的书。)
7
hamburger /'hæmbɜ:ɡə(r)/ n. 汉堡包;汉堡牛肉饼
复数:hamburgers
N/A
eat a hamburger(吃汉堡包);beef hamburger(牛肉汉堡)
1. He often eats a hamburger for lunch.(他午餐经常吃一个汉堡包。)2. The restaurant sells delicious chicken hamburgers.(这家餐厅卖美味的鸡肉汉堡。)
8
chip /tʃɪp/ n. 油炸土豆条;炸薯条
复数:chips(英式“薯条”,美式“薯片”)
N/A
fish and chips(炸鱼薯条,英式经典搭配)
1. We had fish and chips for dinner yesterday.(昨天晚餐我们吃了炸鱼薯条。)2. She doesn’t like too many chips because they’re oily.(她不喜欢吃太多薯条,因为太油了。)
9
cola /'kəʊlə/ n. 可乐饮料
复数:colas
N/A
a bottle of cola(一瓶可乐);drink cola(喝可乐)
1. He bought a bottle of cola from the vending machine.(他从自动售货机买了一瓶可乐。)2. Drinking too much cola is bad for our teeth.(喝太多可乐对牙齿不好。)
10
sugar /'ʃʊɡə(r)/ n.(植物、水果等所含的)糖
不可数名词;复数sugars(表“多种糖”)
sugary /'ʃʊɡəri/ adj. 含糖的
add sugar(加糖);too much sugar(太多糖)
1. My grandma never adds sugar to her tea.(奶奶喝茶从不加糖。)2. This cake has too much sugar—it’s too sweet.(这个蛋糕糖太多了,太甜了。)
11
fat /fæt/ n.(人体摄入的动植物)脂肪
不可数名词;adj. 胖的(同形,比较级:fatter)
fatty /'fæti/ adj. 多脂肪的
1. n. animal fat(动物脂肪)2. adj. a fat cat(一只肥猫)
1. We should eat less animal fat to keep healthy.(我们应该少吃动物脂肪来保持健康。)2. The fat bear is sleeping in the cave.(那只胖熊正在洞里睡觉。)
12
habit /'hæbɪt/ n. 习惯
复数:habits
habitual /hə'bɪtʃuəl/ adj. 习惯的(初中选学)
1. good habit(好习惯);bad habit(坏习惯)2. develop a habit(养成习惯)
1. Reading every morning is a good habit.(每天早上阅读是个好习惯。)2. He is trying to develop the habit of exercising.(他正努力养成锻炼的习惯。)
13
taste /teɪst/ v. 有……味道
过去式/过去分词:tasted;n. 味道(同形)
tasty /'teɪsti/ adj. 美味的
1. v. taste + adj.(尝起来……,后接形容词)2. n. a sweet taste(甜味)
1. This soup tastes salty—did you add too much salt?(这汤尝起来咸,你是不是盐加太多了?)2. The cake has a delicious chocolate taste.(这个蛋糕有美味的巧克力味。)
14
diet /'daɪət/ n. 日常饮食
复数:diets
dietary /'daɪətəri/ adj. 饮食的(初中选学)
1. healthy diet(健康饮食)2. go on a diet(节食,控制饮食)
1. A healthy diet includes lots of vegetables and fruit.(健康饮食包含大量蔬菜和水果。)2. She went on a diet to lose some weight.(她为了减重开始节食。)
15
fry /fraɪ/ v. 油炸;油煎;油炒
过去式/过去分词:fried
fried /fraɪd/ adj. 油炸的
fry eggs(煎鸡蛋);fried chicken(炸鸡)
1. My dad often fries eggs for breakfast.(爸爸经常早餐煎鸡蛋。)2. Fried food is not good for our health if we eat too much.(吃太多油炸食品对健康不好。)
16
grain /ɡreɪn/ n. 谷物,谷粒
复数:grains
N/A
1. grain products(谷物制品,如米饭、面包)2. a grain of rice(一粒米)
1. We should eat more grain products every day.(我们每天应该多吃谷物制品。)2. There’s a grain of sand in my shoe—it’s uncomfortable.(我鞋里有一粒沙子,不舒服。)
17
can't help doing sth 不禁做某事
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
后接动名词(can't help后不接to do)
1. She can’t help laughing when she sees the funny video.(看到这个搞笑视频,她忍不住笑了。)2. He can’t help crying when he hears the sad news.(听到这个坏消息,他忍不住哭了。)
18
at least 至少,最少
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
修饰数量、时间,表“最低限度”
1. You should sleep at least 8 hours every night.(你每晚应该至少睡8小时。)2. The movie lasts at least two hours.(这部电影至少持续两小时。)
19
daily /'deɪli/ adj. 每日的;日常的
无比较级/最高级;adv. 每日(同形)
N/A
1. daily life(日常生活)2. daily exercise(日常锻炼)
1. Reading is part of my daily life.(阅读是我日常生活的一部分。)2. We do daily exercise to keep our bodies strong.(我们做日常锻炼来保持身体强壮。)
20
magazine /ˌmæɡə'zi:n/ n. 杂志
复数:magazines
N/A
read a magazine(看杂志);fashion magazine(时尚杂志)
1. She likes reading fashion magazines in her free time.(她空闲时喜欢看时尚杂志。)2. There are many magazines on the table.(桌子上有很多杂志。)
21
junk /dʒʌŋk/ n. 垃圾
不可数名词
junk food /dʒʌŋk fuːd/ n. 垃圾食品(见序号26)
junk food(垃圾食品,固定搭配)
1. Junk is bad for the environment if not sorted.(垃圾不分类对环境不好。)2. We should throw junk into the right bin.(我们应该把垃圾扔进正确的垃圾桶。)
22
rarely /'reəli/ adv. 罕有;很少;不常
无比较级/最高级
rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀有的;罕见的
表否定含义,放句首时句子部分倒装
1. He rarely eats fast food because it’s unhealthy.(他很少吃快餐,因为不健康。)2. Rarely does she go out alone at night.(她晚上很少独自出门。)
23
choice /tʃɔɪs/ n. 选择;挑选
复数:choices
choose /tʃuːz/ v. 选择(过去式:chose;过去分词:chosen)
1. make a choice(做选择)2. have no choice but to do sth.(别无选择只能做某事)
1. She has to make a choice between two schools.(她必须在两所学校之间做选择。)2. We had no choice but to wait for the next bus.(我们别无选择,只能等下一班公交车。)
24
weekend /ˌwi:k'end/ n. 周末
复数:weekends;adv. on weekends(同形用法)
N/A
1. at weekends(在周末,见序号27)2. on the weekend(在周末,美式表达)
1. We usually go hiking at weekends.(我们通常周末去徒步。)2. He will visit his grandparents on the weekend.(他周末要去看望祖父母。)
25
once /wʌns/ adv. 一次;以前;曾经
无词形变化
N/A
1. once a week(一周一次)2. once upon a time(从前,用于讲故事)
1. I go to the library once a week.(我一周去一次图书馆。)2. Once upon a time, there was a brave little girl.(从前,有一个勇敢的小女孩。)
26
cycle /'saɪkl/ v. 骑自行车
过去式/过去分词:cycled;n. 自行车/循环(同形)
cyclist /'saɪklɪst/ n. 骑自行车的人(初中选学)
cycle to sp.(骑自行车去某地)
1. He cycles to school every day to save money.(他每天骑自行车上学来省钱。)2. We cycled to the park last Sunday.(上周日我们骑自行车去了公园。)
27
country /'kʌntri/ n. 乡村
复数:countries(表“国家”时);adj. country(乡村的)
countryside /'kʌntrisaɪd/ n. 乡村(同义)
1. country park(郊野公园,见序号28)2. in the country(在乡村)
1. My grandparents live in the country.(我的祖父母住在乡村。)2. The air in the country is much fresher than in the city.(乡村的空气比城市新鲜得多。)
28
believe /bɪ'li:v/ v. 相信
过去式/过去分词:believed
belief /bɪ'liːf/ n. 信念;相信
1. believe sb.(相信某人的话)2. believe in(相信……的存在/价值)
1. I believe you—you would never lie to me.(我相信你,你绝不会对我说谎。)2. Do you believe in aliens?(你相信有外星人吗?)
29
owl /aʊl/ n. 猫头鹰(传统上认为是智慧的象征)
复数:owls
N/A
a wise owl(聪明的猫头鹰,喻“智者”)
1. Owls usually sleep during the day and hunt at night.(猫头鹰通常白天睡觉,晚上捕食。)2. The story says that the owl is a symbol of wisdom.(故事里说猫头鹰是智慧的象征。)
30
enough /ɪ'nʌf/ det.(复数/不可数名词前)足够的,充分的
无词形变化;adv. 足够地(放形容词/副词后)
N/A
1. det. enough + 名词(足够的……)2. adv. 形容词/副词 + enough(足够……)
1. We have enough time to finish the work.(我们有足够的时间完成这项工作。)2. The water is warm enough for swimming.(水足够暖和,可以游泳了。)
31
take care of 照顾;爱护
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
同义短语:look after;后接sb./sth.
1. She stays at home to take care of her sick mother.(她在家照顾生病的妈妈。)2. We should take care of animals and plants.(我们应该爱护动植物。)
32
junk food 垃圾食品(制作、食用方便却有害健康)
固定短语,不可数名词
N/A
eat junk food(吃垃圾食品);too much junk food(太多垃圾食品)
1. Eating too much junk food can make us fat.(吃太多垃圾食品会让我们变胖。)2. My parents don’t let me eat junk food often.(父母不让我经常吃垃圾食品。)
33
at weekends 在周末
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
英式表达,美式:on weekends
1. They often have a picnic at weekends.(他们经常周末去野餐。)2. I usually visit my friends at weekends.(我通常周末去看望朋友。)
34
country park 郊野公园
固定短语,复数:country parks
N/A
go to the country park(去郊野公园)
1. We went to the country park to fly kites last Saturday.(上周六我们去郊野公园放风筝了。)2. There are many trees and flowers in the country park.(郊野公园里有很多树和花。)
35
illness /'ɪlnəs/ n.(身体或精神上的)疾病,病
复数:illnesses
ill /ɪl/ adj. 生病的
have an illness(生病);serious illness(重病)
1. He missed school because of a serious illness.(他因为重病没去上学。)2. Regular exercise can help prevent illness.(规律锻炼有助于预防疾病。)
36
cough /kɒf/ n. & v. 咳嗽
1. n. 复数:coughs2. v. 过去式/过去分词:coughed
N/A
1. n. have a cough(咳嗽)2. v. cough badly(咳嗽得厉害)
1. She has a bad cough and can’t sleep well.(她咳嗽得很厉害,睡不好觉。)2. He coughed a lot after smoking that cigarette.(抽了那根烟后,他咳嗽了很久。)
37
fever /'fi:və(r)/ n. 发热,发烧
复数:fevers
N/A
have a fever(发烧);high fever(高烧)
1. My brother has a fever—he needs to see a doctor.(我弟弟发烧了,他需要去看医生。)2. She had a high fever last night and stayed in bed.(昨晚她发高烧,卧床休息了。)
38
headache /'hedeɪk/ n. 头痛
复数:headaches
N/A
have a headache(头痛);bad headache(剧烈头痛)
1. I have a bad headache because I stayed up late.(我因为熬夜,头痛得很厉害。)2. She took some medicine for her headache.(她吃了些治头痛的药。)
39
sneeze /sni:z/ n. & v.(打)喷嚏
1. n. 复数:sneezes2. v. 过去式/过去分词:sneezed
N/A
1. n. have a sneeze(打喷嚏)2. v. sneeze loudly(大声打喷嚏)
1. He had a sneeze in class and everyone looked at him.(他在课堂上打了个喷嚏,大家都看着他。)2. She sneezed many times because of the cold.(她因为感冒打了很多次喷嚏。)
40
sore /sɔ:(r)/ adj.(发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的
比较级:sorer;最高级:sorest
N/A
1. sore throat(喉咙痛,见序号41)2. sore legs(腿痛)
1. My legs are sore after running 5 kilometers.(跑了5公里后,我的腿很酸痛。)2. She has a sore back from sitting too long.(她因为久坐,后背很痛。)
41
throat /θrəʊt/ n. 咽喉;喉咙
复数:throats
N/A
sore throat(喉咙痛);clear one’s throat(清嗓子)
1. He has a sore throat and can’t speak loudly.(他喉咙痛,不能大声说话。)2. She cleared her throat before starting to sing.(她清了清嗓子,然后开始唱歌。)
42
happen /'hæpən/ v.(尤指偶然)发生,出现
过去式/过去分词:happened
N/A
1. happen to sb./sth.(发生在某人/某物身上)2. happen to do sth.(碰巧做某事)
1. What happened to you? You look sad.(你怎么了?看起来不开心。)2. I happened to meet my old friend on the street.(我碰巧在街上遇到了老朋友。)
43
pill /pɪl/ n. 药丸
复数:pills
N/A
take pills(吃药丸);sleeping pill(安眠药)
1. The doctor told her to take two pills every day.(医生让她每天吃两片药。)2. These pills are for your headache—take one after meals.(这些是治你头痛的药,饭后吃一片。)
44
protect /prə'tekt/ v. 保护;防护
过去式/过去分词:protected
protection /prə'tekʃn/ n. 保护
protect sb./sth. from(保护某人/某物免受……)
1. We should protect animals from danger.(我们应该保护动物免受危险。)2. Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.(戴太阳镜保护眼睛免受阳光伤害。)
45
flu /flu:/ n. 流行性感冒;流感
不可数名词
N/A
have the flu(患流感);catch the flu(得流感)
1. Many students have the flu because of the cold weather.(因为天气冷,很多学生患了流感。)2. She caught the flu and had to stay at home for a week.(她得了流感,不得不在家待一周。)
46
experiment /ɪk'sperɪmənt/ n. 实验;试验
复数:experiments;v. 做实验(同形)
experimental /ɪkˌsperɪ'mentl/ adj. 实验性的(初中选学)
do an experiment(做实验);science experiment(科学实验)
1. We did a science experiment in the lab yesterday.(昨天我们在实验室做了一个科学实验。)2. The experiment showed that water boils at 100℃.(实验表明水在100摄氏度沸腾。)
47
disease /dɪ'zi:z/ n. 病;疾病
复数:diseases
N/A
serious disease(严重疾病);prevent disease(预防疾病)
1. This disease is easy to spread in winter.(这种疾病在冬天很容易传播。)2. Eating healthy food can help prevent many diseases.(吃健康的食物有助于预防多种疾病。)
48
lab /læb/ n. 实验室;实验大楼
复数:labs(全称:laboratory)
N/A
science lab(科学实验室);in the lab(在实验室里)
1. Our school has a new science lab with modern equipment.(我们学校有一个带现代化设备的新科学实验室。)2. The students are doing experiments in the lab now.(学生们现在正在实验室做实验。)
49
virus /'vaɪrəs/ n. 病毒
复数:viruses
N/A
computer virus(电脑病毒);catch a virus(感染病毒)
1. My computer was attacked by a virus last week.(上周我的电脑被病毒攻击了。)2. Wash your hands often to avoid catching a virus.(勤洗手,避免感染病毒。)
50
stay /steɪ/ v. 停留;待
过去式/过去分词:stayed;n. 停留(同形)
N/A
1. stay at home(待在家)2. stay in bed(卧床休息)
1. She will stay at home this weekend to read books.(这个周末她会待在家看书。)2. He stayed in bed for three days because of illness.(他因为生病卧床休息了三天。)
51
metre /'mi:tə(r)/ n. 米;公尺
复数:metres(美式:meter)
N/A
1. two metres long(两米长)2. a metre tall(一米高)
1. The table is about one metre wide.(这张桌子大约一米宽。)2. The tree in front of my house is over five metres tall.(我家门前的树有五米多高。)
52
cover /'kʌvə(r)/ v. 掩盖;覆盖
过去式/过去分词:covered;n. 封面(同形)
coverage /'kʌvərɪdʒ/ n. 覆盖范围(初中选学)
1. v. cover sth. with sth.(用某物覆盖某物)2. n. book cover(书封面)
1. She covered the table with a clean cloth.(她用一块干净的布盖住了桌子。)2. The mountain is covered with snow in winter.(这座山冬天被雪覆盖。)
53
spread /spred/ v. 传播;散布;(使)流传
过去式/过去分词:spread;n. 传播(同形)
N/A
1. v. spread quickly(快速传播)2. v. spread news(传播消息)
1. The news spread quickly all over the school.(这个消息很快传遍了整个学校。)2. We should not spread false information.(我们不应该传播虚假信息。)
54
health /helθ/ n. 人的身体(或精神)状况;健康
不可数名词
1. healthy /'helθi/ adj. 健康的2. unhealthy /ʌn'helθi/ adj. 不健康的
1. in good health(身体健康)2. bad for health(对健康有害)
1. Regular exercise helps us keep in good health.(规律锻炼帮助我们保持身体健康。)2. Smoking is bad for your health.(吸烟对你的健康有害。)
55
pain /peɪn/ n.(身体上的)疼痛
不可数名词;复数pains(表“多种疼痛”)
painful /'peɪnfl/ adj. 疼痛的
1. have pain in(……部位疼痛)2. body pain(身体疼痛)
1. She has pain in her knee when she walks.(她走路时膝盖疼。)2. The pain in his back lasted for a week.(他后背的疼痛持续了一周。)
56
stomachache /'stʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛;腹痛
复数:stomachaches
N/A
have a stomachache(胃痛);bad stomachache(剧烈胃痛)
1. He had a stomachache because he ate too much cold food.(他因为吃了太多冷食,胃痛了。)2. My sister often has a stomachache—she should see a doctor.(我妹妹经常胃痛,她应该去看医生。)
57
toothache /'tu:θeɪk/ n. 牙痛
复数:toothaches
N/A
have a toothache(牙痛);see a dentist for toothache(牙痛看牙医)
1. I have a terrible toothache—I need to see a dentist.(我牙痛得厉害,需要去看牙医。)2. She had a toothache and couldn’t eat anything hard.(她牙痛,不能吃硬的东西。)
58
patient /'peɪʃnt/ n. 接受治疗者,病人
复数:patients;adj. 有耐心的(同形)
patience /'peɪʃns/ n. 耐心(对应形容词)
1. hospital patient(住院病人)2. see patients(看病人,医生动作)
1. The doctor sees many patients every day.(这位医生每天看很多病人。)2. He was a patient in this hospital last year.(他去年是这家医院的病人。)
59
belly /'beli/ n. 腹部;肚子
复数:bellies
N/A
口语化表达,同义:stomach(肚子)
1. The baby has a round belly—he’s so cute.(宝宝有个圆圆的肚子,真可爱。)2. She held her belly because of the stomachache.(她因为胃痛按住了肚子。)
60
afraid /ə'freɪd/ adj. 担心(会发生某事)的
无比较级/最高级
N/A
1. be afraid of sb./sth.(害怕某人/某物)2. be afraid to do sth.(害怕做某事)
1. She is afraid of dogs—she runs away when she sees one.(她害怕狗,看到狗就跑。)2. He is afraid to speak English in front of others.(他害怕在别人面前说英语。)
61
porridge /'pɒrɪdʒ/ n. 麦片粥
不可数名词
N/A
1. oatmeal porridge(燕麦粥)2. eat porridge for breakfast(早餐吃麦片粥)
1. My grandma cooks oatmeal porridge for me every morning.(奶奶每天早上给我煮燕麦粥。)2. Eating porridge is good for our stomach.(吃麦片粥对胃好。)
62
runny nose 流鼻水
固定短语,无复数
N/A
have a runny nose(流鼻水)
1. She has a runny nose because of the cold.(她因为感冒流鼻水了。)2. He always carries tissues when he has a runny nose.(他流鼻水时总是带纸巾。)
63
hot pot 火锅
固定短语,复数:hot pots
N/A
eat hot pot(吃火锅);spicy hot pot(麻辣火锅)
1. We often eat hot pot with family in winter.(冬天我们经常和家人一起吃火锅。)2. My favorite food is spicy hot pot.(我最喜欢的食物是麻辣火锅。)
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