专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，新疆专用）八年级英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解-说明文 主题01 人与自我——生活常识与生活健康 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐八中·期中） Do you like summer holiday? In Australia, summer holiday is from late December to early February. Students have to finish their homework. They should read some English books and write reports. They also need to do science projects with their classmates. They often go to special classes to learn swimming, singing and cooking. And they really like to go to the beach to camp with their parents. Summer holiday in the US is very long, from early June to around late August. Teachers will give summer homework. But if students don’t do it, it’s OK. There are many classes and camps. They can be about sports, cooking, or outdoor survival skills (户外生存技巧). Some students also go camping with friends or family. Some students will try to make money by doing the housework. Some will do voluntary work like helping the elderly or the poor for free. In France, summer holiday usually goes from mid-June to the end of August. But the first day is different for everyone because of the day of the last exam. French students don’t have any homework or classes. They spend the holiday having fun. Some students like traveling around the world. They see nature in Africa. They visit America to learn English. They go to China. Other students enjoy themselves in France. They camp on the beach, see friends, watch movies, go swimming and have barbeque (烧烤) parties. 1．What does the word “voluntary” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．有偿的 B．公平的 C．志愿的 D．有效的 2．The students in _________ have no homework during summer holiday. A．Australia B．the US C．France D．China 3．_________ is popular with students in the three countries. A．Learning skills B．Having classes C．Go camping D．Seeing friends 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．French students only meet their friends at school. B．Students in the US have summer holiday for about four months. C．Most students take math or English classes during summer holiday. D．It’s winter in China when Australian students enjoy their summer holiday. 5．The passage is mainly about _________. A．students’ summer homework B．students’ activities after school C．different places for students to travel D．summer holiday in different countries Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·新疆伊宁县·期中） We know health is important in everyone's life.Here are some ways to make them easy to get. ★Eat a balanced diet．Eat a lot of fruit and vegetables，some grains(谷物) and a little meat. ★Exercise twice or three times a week. ★Get enough sleep.It is best to get eight hours' sleep a day. ★Keep yourself busy.This is good because it stops you from having bad habits.To keep yourself busy，you can walk around the house，spend time with your pet，do sports，or have a hobby. ★Go out and make friends.Spend time and have fun with them.Talk with them，but try not to talk about anything bad.You should stay with the people who are healthy. 1．How often should you exercise if you want to get health? A．Every day. B．Twice a day. C．Three times a month. D．Twice or three times a week. 2．How many hours do you need to sleep every day? A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Nine. D．Ten. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to(指的是) ________. A．eating a balanced diet B．exercising more C．keeping yourself busy D．making friends 4．Which of the following is NOT true? A．We can eat a lot of meat to keep healthy. B．We need to exercise. C．It's good to make some friends. D．We can spend our free time doing sports. 5．What's the best title for this passage? A．Eating habit B．Playing sports C．Making friends D．How to get health Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·新疆喀什地区巴楚县·期中） China Youth Daily and wenjuan.com did a survey on exercise and heath together. 1,983 young Chinese joined in the survey. They were from 18 to 35 years old. Here are the results: (1) About 44.5 percent of those young people exercise less than three times a week. (2) Only 17.8 percent of the 1,983 young people exercise every day. (3) More than 27 percent of them are not in good health. They think their health problems have something to do with study and work stress (压力) as well as bad living and eating habits. (4) Only 20 percent of them think they enjoy “good” health. One more thing. over 33 percent of those young people are from China’s first-tier cities (一线城市), such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Less than 3 percent come from towns and villages. 1．The survey is for ________. A．middle school students B．young people in China C．old people in first-tier cities D．people in towns and villages. 2．What percent of those people exercise less than three times a week? A．Less than 50%. B．More than 50%. C．About 25%. D．Less than 20%. 3．How many of the 1,983 people exercise every day? A．About 350. B．About 400. C．About 535. D．About 655. 4．Those people’s health problems have nothing to do with ________. A．eating habits B．work stress C．their ages D．living habits 5．What can we know from the survey? A．Most of the people stay in good health. B．Quite a few people don’t have enough exercise. C．Only few people have health problems. D．More than 40 percent of those people never do exercise. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁市新源县·期中） When it’s hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I’ll show you how to make a good DIY (Do It Yourself) paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind. 1．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1? A．Putting on hats. B．Using a good fan. C．Wearing light clothing. D．Staying at a cool place. 2．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan? A．It is light. B．It is colorful. C．It lasts long. D．It looks beautiful. 3．What is the second step of making a paper fan? A．Painting the sticks. B．Drawing pictures on the paper. C．Folding up the paper. D．Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper. 4．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ________. A．quick B．difficult C．boring D．strange 5．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To sell paper fans. B．To show how to save time. C．To share a fun story. D．To teach how to make paper fans. 主题02 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁市新源县·期中） When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright moon? Of course, it is Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important holidays in China. We look at the moon, eat mooncakes, and get together with our families. The tradition is thousands of years old. The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people. We enjoy and admire it. We use the round and crescent moon (新月) to describe reunion and separation. Our admiration of the moon dates back to ancient times. There is the legend of Chang’e flying to the moon the most famous story about the moon. Many Chinese poets connect the moon with homesickness. For example, “Beside my bed a pool of light. Is it hoarfrost (霜) on the ground?” from Jing Ye Si (Thoughts in the Silent Night) by Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai. Today, the moon is still important to Chinese people. The Miao minority (少数民族) in Guizhou province has a special custom. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, young people dance under the moon to find their other half. However, Western people see the moon differently. In some stories, the full moon is somewhat scary to people. The most well-known legend is about the werewolf (狼人). A werewolf usually looks like a human, but changes into a wolf-like creature (生物) when there is a full moon. Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, others may joke, “It must be a full moon.” 1．According to the writer, Mid-Autumn Festival is the best time to ________. A．eat mooncakes B．hang out with friends C．enjoy the moon D．listen to stories 2．What does Paragraph 3 try to explain? A．When the story of Chang’e started. B．Why the moon is special to Chinese people. C．How ancient poets described the moon. D．What ancient Chinese knew about the moon. 3．When “It must be a full moon” is used to describe a person, the person ________. A．likes the moon very much B．misses his or her home C．is well-known to others D．is very excited about something 4．What does the underlined word “legend” mean? A．传说 B．纪实 C．散文 D．剧本 5．What’s the story mainly about? A．How Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in China. B．Different holiday customs and traditional activities in China. C．Legends about the full moon in China and Western countries. D．How the full moon is seen in China and Western countries. Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·新疆和田墨玉县·期中） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Hello, my dear friends, today here’s a funny cartoon for you! It is a Chinese cartoon. Its name is Happy Sheep and Big Big Wolf (喜羊羊和灰太狼). There are some sheep and three wolves. Happy Sheep is the main role. He likes playing football and running. He runs faster than the other sheep. Pretty Sheep (美羊羊) likes making clothes and growing flowers. She is very beautiful. Lazy Sheep is clever. But he doesn’t like doing sports. He likes sleeping best. Force Sheep is stronger than any other sheep. Warm Sheep is the class monitor (班长) at school. Slow Sheep is 68 years old. He’s too old. He is the village head (村长). Every sheep has a lovely pet. Big Big Wolf wants to eat sheep. Red Wolf is Big Big Wolf’s wife. She is very bad. Banana Wolf is nice. He’s the friend of the sheep. He likes eating bananas very much. 1．Pretty Sheep likes ________. A．sleeping B．playing football C．eating bananas D．growing flowers 2．________ is the sheep’s friend. A．Banana Wolf B．Red Wolf C．Little Wolf D．Big Big Wolf 3．There are ________ sheep in the passage. A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7 4．What does Lazy sheep like best? A．Growing flower. B．Running. C．Sleeping. D．Playing sports. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Lazy Sheep is old. B．Warm Sheep has a lovely pet. C．Red Wolf is Big Big Wolf’s sister. D．Warm Sheep runs faster than any other sheep. Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·新疆库尔勒一中·期中） Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it’s good for us. It keeps body strong. When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There’re many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways: You have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough—but not too much. It’s good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that are suitable for you. Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, and they can play sports together. How do you exercise? 1．In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to ________. A．drink B．relax C．exercise D．work 2．Which of the following sports can’t we find in the passage? A．Fishing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Walking. 3．What does exercise mean? A．It means doing things with the body. B．It means studying. C．It means doing lessons. D．It means playing. 4．What can exercise do to the body? A．It can make the body weak. B．It can make the body strong. C．It can make us sick. D．It can make us sleep more. 5．The words “fitness center” in the text mean “________”. A．减肥中心 B．健身中心 C．购物中心 D．医疗中心 Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·新疆阿克苏·期中） In most of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan and Korea, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks were invented and developed in China about 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, although the exact date isn’t known. Chopsticks are two long, thin, usually tapered (圆锥形的), pieces of wood. Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also made of different types of wood, as well as plastic, animal bone, ivory, metal, coral and jade (玉器). It is believed that silver chopsticks were used in the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) to detect poison in the Emperor’s meals; if poison was present, the chopsticks would become blackened. Nowadays many people like to buy chopsticks as gifts. When they are given to a young couple who just get married, chopsticks are symbols of happiness and good wishes for having a new baby soon; when they are given to a lover, it means “We’ll be together forever”. Chopsticks are often given to foreigners as gifts because they stand for (代表) the culture of our country. 1．Chopsticks are used in ________. A．America B．China C．France D．Russia 2．Chopsticks have a history of ________. A．about 3,000 to 5,000 years B．about 1,000 to 2,000 years C．about 500 to 1,000 years D．Unknown 3．Chopsticks are commonly made of ________. A．metal B．plastic C．animal bone D．bamboo 4．________ were used in the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) to detect poison in the Emperor’s meals. A．Silver chopsticks B．Wood chopsticks C．Ivory chopsticks D．Bamboo chopsticks 5．Chopsticks are often chosen as gifts to foreigners, because they stand for ________. A．happiness B．good wishes C．Chinese culture D．being together forever 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 9 （24-25八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐111中学·期中） I like watching TV, but I don’t do it every day because I have a lot of work. I watch a cartoon every Friday. It is the story of two cute girls who go into a history book. It’s very interesting. Tara, Japan My favorite TV program is “Polònia”. It’s on TV 3 on Thursday evenings, after news. The program is about some actors who imitate (模仿) famous people. Sometimes an actor can play more than one character. It’s really a funny and relaxing program. I often laugh from beginning to end. Nick, Spain If you are unhappy, you can watch “Just for Laugh: Gags”. It’s a really funny show. There are some actors who make lots of jokes. I watch the show every day. If you watch it, you’ll laugh a lot. It helps you relax. Nelly, Canada My favorite program is a dance show. The popular program starts at 19:30 and it finishes at 21:00 every Saturday night. In this program 16 dancers compete (竞争) with each other. They each have to do a new dance every week. It’s not easy, but they always do a great job. Larry, UK 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When does Tara watch the cartoon? A．Every Tuesday. B．Every Thursday. C．Every Friday. D．Every Saturday. 2．Who likes to watch “Polònia”? A．Tara. B．Nick. C．Nelly. D．Larry. 3．What do actors do in “Just for Laugh: Gags”? A．They make jokes. B．They compete in acting. C．They imitate famous people. D．They play cartoon characters. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the dance show? A．It’s a two-hour TV program at night. B．It’s a popular TV program in Canada. C．The dancers come from different countries. D．The dancers perform new dances every week. 5．The passage may be from a _______. A．diary B．storybook C．dictionary D．magazine Passage 10 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁·期中） Do you have any experiences like these? When the teacher asks if anyone can speak in front of the class, you lower your head. When you go to the restroom or dining hall, you always try to find someone to go with you because you are afraid of being seen alone. Well, many people have these kinds of experiences. They are feeling social anxiety (社交焦虑), or worrying about things like talking, going to a party or being the center of attention. A recent study from China Youth Daily showed that about 45 percent of the 1,544 interviewers (受访者) said they experienced social anxiety. Stefan Hofmann, an expert from Boston University, said that social anxiety is “a result of the fear that we will not be welcome”. For Chinese kids, there’s another reason for their anxiety. Shu Man from East China Jiaotong University said, “Most of them are the only child in their families, so they don’t have many chances to practice their social skills.” “However, you don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety. You only need to ask the doctor for help if you can’t live a normal life,” said Li Songwei from Tsinghua University. Shu Man advised that you should go to public places more often, and try thinking about something happy when you are really nervous. 1．How many people experienced social anxiety in the recent study? A．About 45. B．About 695. C．About 1,544. D．About 1,589. 2．If a Chinese kid has social anxiety, it may be because he/she ________. A．is too shy to speak B．is afraid to talk to others C．has no brothers or sisters D．has no close friends 3．If you have social anxiety, you can ________. A．go to public places B．keep quiet by yourself C．stay at home alone D．watch some sad movies 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage? A．If we face social anxiety, we can ask doctors for help. B．We don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety. C．Chinese children have more chances to practice their social skills. D．Social anxiety may be a result of the fear that we will not be welcome. 5．You may read this passage in a ________. A．poster B．letter C．notice D．magazine / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解-说明文 主题01 人与自我——生活常识与生活健康 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐八中·期中） Do you like summer holiday? In Australia, summer holiday is from late December to early February. Students have to finish their homework. They should read some English books and write reports. They also need to do science projects with their classmates. They often go to special classes to learn swimming, singing and cooking. And they really like to go to the beach to camp with their parents. Summer holiday in the US is very long, from early June to around late August. Teachers will give summer homework. But if students don’t do it, it’s OK. There are many classes and camps. They can be about sports, cooking, or outdoor survival skills (户外生存技巧). Some students also go camping with friends or family. Some students will try to make money by doing the housework. Some will do voluntary work like helping the elderly or the poor for free. In France, summer holiday usually goes from mid-June to the end of August. But the first day is different for everyone because of the day of the last exam. French students don’t have any homework or classes. They spend the holiday having fun. Some students like traveling around the world. They see nature in Africa. They visit America to learn English. They go to China. Other students enjoy themselves in France. They camp on the beach, see friends, watch movies, go swimming and have barbeque (烧烤) parties. 1．What does the word “voluntary” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．有偿的 B．公平的 C．志愿的 D．有效的 2．The students in _________ have no homework during summer holiday. A．Australia B．the US C．France D．China 3．_________ is popular with students in the three countries. A．Learning skills B．Having classes C．Go camping D．Seeing friends 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．French students only meet their friends at school. B．Students in the US have summer holiday for about four months. C．Most students take math or English classes during summer holiday. D．It’s winter in China when Australian students enjoy their summer holiday. 5．The passage is mainly about _________. A．students’ summer homework B．students’ activities after school C．different places for students to travel D．summer holiday in different countries 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了澳大利亚、美国和法国学生的暑假。 1．词义猜测题。根据“...like helping the elderly or the poor for free.”可知免费帮助老人或穷人属于志愿者工作。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“French students don’t have any homework or classes.”可知，法国的学生没有暑假作业，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“they really like to go to the beach to camp with their parents.”和第二段中的“There are many classes and camps.”以及第三段中的“They camp on the beach, see friends, watch movies, go swimming and have barbeque (烧烤) parties.”可知，露营是三个国家的学生都喜欢的活动，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“In Australia, summer holiday is from late December to early February.”可知在澳大利亚，暑假从12月底到2月初，中国这个时间段是冬季。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚、美国和法国学生的暑假，故选D。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·新疆伊宁县·期中） We know health is important in everyone's life.Here are some ways to make them easy to get. ★Eat a balanced diet．Eat a lot of fruit and vegetables，some grains(谷物) and a little meat. ★Exercise twice or three times a week. ★Get enough sleep.It is best to get eight hours' sleep a day. ★Keep yourself busy.This is good because it stops you from having bad habits.To keep yourself busy，you can walk around the house，spend time with your pet，do sports，or have a hobby. ★Go out and make friends.Spend time and have fun with them.Talk with them，but try not to talk about anything bad.You should stay with the people who are healthy. 1．How often should you exercise if you want to get health? A．Every day. B．Twice a day. C．Three times a month. D．Twice or three times a week. 2．How many hours do you need to sleep every day? A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Nine. D．Ten. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to(指的是) ________. A．eating a balanced diet B．exercising more C．keeping yourself busy D．making friends 4．Which of the following is NOT true? A．We can eat a lot of meat to keep healthy. B．We need to exercise. C．It's good to make some friends. D．We can spend our free time doing sports. 5．What's the best title for this passage? A．Eating habit B．Playing sports C．Making friends D．How to get health 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【分析】文章是关于健康的一些建议。 1．根据Exercise twice or three times a week.可知是每周2-3次；故选D 2．根据Get enough sleep.It is best to get eight hours' sleep a day.可知是睡8小时；故选B 3．根据Keep yourself busy.This is good because it stops you from having bad habits.可知指的是让自己充实；故选C 4．根据Eat a lot of fruit and vegetables，some grains(谷物) and a little meat可知A不对；根据Exercise twice or three times a week.可知B对；根据Go out and make friends. You should stay with the people who are healthy.可知C对；根据spend time with your pet，do sports可知D对；故选A 5．根据文章是关于健康的一些建议。故选D 【点睛】短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题3  根据Keep yourself busy.This is good because it stops you from having bad habits.可知指的是让自己充实；故选C Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·新疆喀什地区巴楚县·期中） China Youth Daily and wenjuan.com did a survey on exercise and heath together. 1,983 young Chinese joined in the survey. They were from 18 to 35 years old. Here are the results: (1) About 44.5 percent of those young people exercise less than three times a week. (2) Only 17.8 percent of the 1,983 young people exercise every day. (3) More than 27 percent of them are not in good health. They think their health problems have something to do with study and work stress (压力) as well as bad living and eating habits. (4) Only 20 percent of them think they enjoy “good” health. One more thing. over 33 percent of those young people are from China’s first-tier cities (一线城市), such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Less than 3 percent come from towns and villages. 1．The survey is for ________. A．middle school students B．young people in China C．old people in first-tier cities D．people in towns and villages. 2．What percent of those people exercise less than three times a week? A．Less than 50%. B．More than 50%. C．About 25%. D．Less than 20%. 3．How many of the 1,983 people exercise every day? A．About 350. B．About 400. C．About 535. D．About 655. 4．Those people’s health problems have nothing to do with ________. A．eating habits B．work stress C．their ages D．living habits 5．What can we know from the survey? A．Most of the people stay in good health. B．Quite a few people don’t have enough exercise. C．Only few people have health problems. D．More than 40 percent of those people never do exercise. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项关于运动与健康的调查结果。 1．细节理解题。根据“1,983 young Chinese joined in the survey”可知这个调查是针对中国年轻人的。故选B。 2．细节理级题。根据“About 44.5 percent of those young people exercise less than three times a week”可知大约44.5%的年轻人每周锻炼不到三次。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Only 17.8 percent of the 1,983 young people exercise every day.”可知只有17.8%的年轻人每天锻炼，大约有350人。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“They think their health problems have something to do with study and work stress (压力) as well as bad living and eating habits.”可知他们认为自己的健康问题与学习和工作压力以及不良的生活和饮食习惯有关。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“About 44.5 percent of those young people exercise less than three times a week”以及“Only 17.8 percent of the 1,983 young people exercise every day.”可知只有17.8%的年轻人每天锻炼，所以很多人没有得到足够的锻炼。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁市新源县·期中） When it’s hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I’ll show you how to make a good DIY (Do It Yourself) paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind. 1．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1? A．Putting on hats. B．Using a good fan. C．Wearing light clothing. D．Staying at a cool place. 2．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan? A．It is light. B．It is colorful. C．It lasts long. D．It looks beautiful. 3．What is the second step of making a paper fan? A．Painting the sticks. B．Drawing pictures on the paper. C．Folding up the paper. D．Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper. 4．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ________. A．quick B．difficult C．boring D．strange 5．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To sell paper fans. B．To show how to save time. C．To share a fun story. D．To teach how to make paper fans. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据“We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan.”可知天热想保持凉爽的最佳方式就是使用一把好扇子。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper.”可知是因为可以长时间使用。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper.”可知第二个步骤是把纸折叠起来。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan.(如果你看看你的手表，你会感到惊讶:制作一个好的纸扇只需要不到15分钟。)”可推知制作纸扇是非常快的。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤，即教我们如何制作纸扇。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁市新源县·期中） When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright moon? Of course, it is Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important holidays in China. We look at the moon, eat mooncakes, and get together with our families. The tradition is thousands of years old. The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people. We enjoy and admire it. We use the round and crescent moon (新月) to describe reunion and separation. Our admiration of the moon dates back to ancient times. There is the legend of Chang’e flying to the moon the most famous story about the moon. Many Chinese poets connect the moon with homesickness. For example, “Beside my bed a pool of light. Is it hoarfrost (霜) on the ground?” from Jing Ye Si (Thoughts in the Silent Night) by Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai. Today, the moon is still important to Chinese people. The Miao minority (少数民族) in Guizhou province has a special custom. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, young people dance under the moon to find their other half. However, Western people see the moon differently. In some stories, the full moon is somewhat scary to people. The most well-known legend is about the werewolf (狼人). A werewolf usually looks like a human, but changes into a wolf-like creature (生物) when there is a full moon. Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, others may joke, “It must be a full moon.” 1．According to the writer, Mid-Autumn Festival is the best time to ________. A．eat mooncakes B．hang out with friends C．enjoy the moon D．listen to stories 2．What does Paragraph 3 try to explain? A．When the story of Chang’e started. B．Why the moon is special to Chinese people. C．How ancient poets described the moon. D．What ancient Chinese knew about the moon. 3．When “It must be a full moon” is used to describe a person, the person ________. A．likes the moon very much B．misses his or her home C．is well-known to others D．is very excited about something 4．What does the underlined word “legend” mean? A．传说 B．纪实 C．散文 D．剧本 5．What’s the story mainly about? A．How Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in China. B．Different holiday customs and traditional activities in China. C．Legends about the full moon in China and Western countries. D．How the full moon is seen in China and Western countries. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文以中秋节为切入点，描述了月亮在中国传统文化中的重要性，并提到在西方国家月亮有着不同的含义。 1．细节理解题。根据“When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright moon? Of course, it is Mid-Autumn Festival”可知在作者看来，中秋节是赏月的最佳时节。故选C。 2．段落大意题。根据“Our admiration of the moon dates back to ancient times.”及下文嫦娥奔月的故事和《静夜思》中的诗句，可知第三段是在解释为什么月亮对中国人来说是特殊的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, others may joke, ‘It must be a full moon.’ ”可知“It must be a full moon.”常被用来说某人很兴奋或对某事物特别痴迷。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“In some stories, the full moon is somewhat scary to people”可知这是一个故事，结合“about the werewolf (狼人).”可知是指狼人的传说，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章以中秋节为切入点，描述了月亮在中国传统文化中的重要性，并提到在西方国家月亮有着不同的含义。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·新疆和田墨玉县·期中） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Hello, my dear friends, today here’s a funny cartoon for you! It is a Chinese cartoon. Its name is Happy Sheep and Big Big Wolf (喜羊羊和灰太狼). There are some sheep and three wolves. Happy Sheep is the main role. He likes playing football and running. He runs faster than the other sheep. Pretty Sheep (美羊羊) likes making clothes and growing flowers. She is very beautiful. Lazy Sheep is clever. But he doesn’t like doing sports. He likes sleeping best. Force Sheep is stronger than any other sheep. Warm Sheep is the class monitor (班长) at school. Slow Sheep is 68 years old. He’s too old. He is the village head (村长). Every sheep has a lovely pet. Big Big Wolf wants to eat sheep. Red Wolf is Big Big Wolf’s wife. She is very bad. Banana Wolf is nice. He’s the friend of the sheep. He likes eating bananas very much. 1．Pretty Sheep likes ________. A．sleeping B．playing football C．eating bananas D．growing flowers 2．________ is the sheep’s friend. A．Banana Wolf B．Red Wolf C．Little Wolf D．Big Big Wolf 3．There are ________ sheep in the passage. A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7 4．What does Lazy sheep like best? A．Growing flower. B．Running. C．Sleeping. D．Playing sports. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Lazy Sheep is old. B．Warm Sheep has a lovely pet. C．Red Wolf is Big Big Wolf’s sister. D．Warm Sheep runs faster than any other sheep. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了动画片《喜羊羊和灰太狼》。 1．细节理解题。根据“Pretty Sheep likes making clothes and growing flowers.”可知美羊羊喜欢做衣服和种花。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Banana Wolf is nice. He’s the friend of the sheep.”可知蕉太狼是羊的朋友。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Happy Sheep...Pretty Sheep...Lazy Sheep...Force Sheep...Warm Sheep...Slow Sheep”可知共提到了六只羊。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Lazy Sheep is clever. But he doesn’t like doing sports. He likes sleeping best.”可知懒羊羊最喜欢睡觉。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Every sheep has a lovely pet.”可知每只羊都有一个可爱的宠物。故选B。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·新疆库尔勒一中·期中） Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it’s good for us. It keeps body strong. When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There’re many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways: You have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough—but not too much. It’s good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that are suitable for you. Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, and they can play sports together. How do you exercise? 1．In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to ________. A．drink B．relax C．exercise D．work 2．Which of the following sports can’t we find in the passage? A．Fishing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Walking. 3．What does exercise mean? A．It means doing things with the body. B．It means studying. C．It means doing lessons. D．It means playing. 4．What can exercise do to the body? A．It can make the body weak. B．It can make the body strong. C．It can make us sick. D．It can make us sleep more. 5．The words “fitness center” in the text mean “________”. A．减肥中心 B．健身中心 C．购物中心 D．医疗中心 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。每个人都需要锻炼，锻炼对我们有好处。 1．细节理解题。根据短文第一段“Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise.”可知我们都需要锻炼。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据短文第二段“You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games.”可知文中并没有提到钓鱼。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Exercise means doing things with the body.”可知锻炼就是用身体做一些事情。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据短文第一段“Doctors say it’s good for us. It keeps body strong.”可知锻炼能使身体强壮。故选B。 5．词义猜测题。根据短文最后一段中“Friends can exercise together”可推知fitness center是指“健身中心”。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·新疆阿克苏·期中） In most of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan and Korea, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks were invented and developed in China about 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, although the exact date isn’t known. Chopsticks are two long, thin, usually tapered (圆锥形的), pieces of wood. Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also made of different types of wood, as well as plastic, animal bone, ivory, metal, coral and jade (玉器). It is believed that silver chopsticks were used in the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) to detect poison in the Emperor’s meals; if poison was present, the chopsticks would become blackened. Nowadays many people like to buy chopsticks as gifts. When they are given to a young couple who just get married, chopsticks are symbols of happiness and good wishes for having a new baby soon; when they are given to a lover, it means “We’ll be together forever”. Chopsticks are often given to foreigners as gifts because they stand for (代表) the culture of our country. 1．Chopsticks are used in ________. A．America B．China C．France D．Russia 2．Chopsticks have a history of ________. A．about 3,000 to 5,000 years B．about 1,000 to 2,000 years C．about 500 to 1,000 years D．Unknown 3．Chopsticks are commonly made of ________. A．metal B．plastic C．animal bone D．bamboo 4．________ were used in the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) to detect poison in the Emperor’s meals. A．Silver chopsticks B．Wood chopsticks C．Ivory chopsticks D．Bamboo chopsticks 5．Chopsticks are often chosen as gifts to foreigners, because they stand for ________. A．happiness B．good wishes C．Chinese culture D．being together forever 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的筷子文化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In most of Asia, especially the so-called ‘rice bowl’ cultures of China, Japan and Korea, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.”可知，中国人使用筷子吃饭。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“Chopsticks were invented and developed in China about 3,000 to 5,000 years ago”可知，筷子大约有3000到5000年的历史。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bamboo is the most common material”可知，筷子通常由竹子制成。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is believed that silver chopsticks were used in the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) to detect poison in the Emperor’s meals;”可知，银筷子在中国皇宫中被用来检测皇帝饭菜中的毒药。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Chopsticks are often given to foreigners as gifts because they stand for (代表) the culture of our country.”可知，筷子经常作为礼物送给外国人，因为它代表了中国文化。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 9 （24-25八年级上·新疆乌鲁木齐111中学·期中） I like watching TV, but I don’t do it every day because I have a lot of work. I watch a cartoon every Friday. It is the story of two cute girls who go into a history book. It’s very interesting. Tara, Japan My favorite TV program is “Polònia”. It’s on TV 3 on Thursday evenings, after news. The program is about some actors who imitate (模仿) famous people. Sometimes an actor can play more than one character. It’s really a funny and relaxing program. I often laugh from beginning to end. Nick, Spain If you are unhappy, you can watch “Just for Laugh: Gags”. It’s a really funny show. There are some actors who make lots of jokes. I watch the show every day. If you watch it, you’ll laugh a lot. It helps you relax. Nelly, Canada My favorite program is a dance show. The popular program starts at 19:30 and it finishes at 21:00 every Saturday night. In this program 16 dancers compete (竞争) with each other. They each have to do a new dance every week. It’s not easy, but they always do a great job. Larry, UK 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When does Tara watch the cartoon? A．Every Tuesday. B．Every Thursday. C．Every Friday. D．Every Saturday. 2．Who likes to watch “Polònia”? A．Tara. B．Nick. C．Nelly. D．Larry. 3．What do actors do in “Just for Laugh: Gags”? A．They make jokes. B．They compete in acting. C．They imitate famous people. D．They play cartoon characters. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the dance show? A．It’s a two-hour TV program at night. B．It’s a popular TV program in Canada. C．The dancers come from different countries. D．The dancers perform new dances every week. 5．The passage may be from a _______. A．diary B．storybook C．dictionary D．magazine 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了四个来自不同国家的人他们喜欢什么节目以及节目的播出时间是什么时候。 1．细节理解题。根据“I watch a cartoon every Friday.”可知，Tara每周五看动画片，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“My favorite TV program is ‘Polònia’...Nick, Spain”可知，Nick最喜欢“Polònia”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“There are some actors who make lots of jokes.”可知，有一些演员会讲很多笑话。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“They each have to do a new dance every week.”可知，舞者们每星期表演新的舞蹈。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个来自不同国家的人他们喜欢什么节目以及节目的播出时间是什么时候。由此推知本文可能源自一本杂志。故选D。 Passage 10 （24-25八年级上·新疆伊宁·期中） Do you have any experiences like these? When the teacher asks if anyone can speak in front of the class, you lower your head. When you go to the restroom or dining hall, you always try to find someone to go with you because you are afraid of being seen alone. Well, many people have these kinds of experiences. They are feeling social anxiety (社交焦虑), or worrying about things like talking, going to a party or being the center of attention. A recent study from China Youth Daily showed that about 45 percent of the 1,544 interviewers (受访者) said they experienced social anxiety. Stefan Hofmann, an expert from Boston University, said that social anxiety is “a result of the fear that we will not be welcome”. For Chinese kids, there’s another reason for their anxiety. Shu Man from East China Jiaotong University said, “Most of them are the only child in their families, so they don’t have many chances to practice their social skills.” “However, you don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety. You only need to ask the doctor for help if you can’t live a normal life,” said Li Songwei from Tsinghua University. Shu Man advised that you should go to public places more often, and try thinking about something happy when you are really nervous. 1．How many people experienced social anxiety in the recent study? A．About 45. B．About 695. C．About 1,544. D．About 1,589. 2．If a Chinese kid has social anxiety, it may be because he/she ________. A．is too shy to speak B．is afraid to talk to others C．has no brothers or sisters D．has no close friends 3．If you have social anxiety, you can ________. A．go to public places B．keep quiet by yourself C．stay at home alone D．watch some sad movies 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage? A．If we face social anxiety, we can ask doctors for help. B．We don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety. C．Chinese children have more chances to practice their social skills. D．Social anxiety may be a result of the fear that we will not be welcome. 5．You may read this passage in a ________. A．poster B．letter C．notice D．magazine 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了社交恐惧症的原因及解决的措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“A recent study from China Youth Daily showed that about 45 percent of the 1,544 interviewers (受访者) said they experienced social anxiety.”可知，受访者的1544人中有45%的人经历过社交焦虑，也就是约695人。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Most of them are the only child in their families, so they don’t have many chances to practice their social skills.”可知，如果一个中国孩子有社交焦虑症，那可能是因为他/她没有兄弟姐妹。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Shu Man advised that you should go to public places more often, and try thinking about something happy when you are really nervous.”可知，如果你有社交焦虑症，你应该多去公共场所。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“so they don’t have many chances to practice their social skills.”可知，中国孩子没有更多机会练习社交技能。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“A recent study from China Youth Daily showed that about 45 percent of the 1,544 interviewers (受访者) said they experienced social anxiety.”及短文介绍可知，本文介绍了社交恐惧症的原因及解决的措施，所以推断我们可以在杂志上读这篇文章。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $