专题01 必修第一册Unit 1 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期中知识清单）高一英语上学期译林版

该高中英语必修第一册Unit 1“Back to School”知识清单系统梳理了词类转换、核心词汇释义、高频短语、经典句型及写作应用五大模块，构建了从基础积累到能力输出的完整学习支架，帮助学生实现语言知识的结构化整合与迁移运用。 清单通过分类归纳、层级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系，如将“potential”“challenge”等高频词按词性变化规律分组呈现，强化语言能力发展；设置“易混词对比表”和“记忆口诀提示”，如“equal/equally/equality”的三重变形用“一平二地三平等”辅助记忆，提升思维品质中的逻辑推理与归纳能力；同时提供“写作模板+范文背诵”支持，引导学生在真实任务中运用所学表达观点，增强文化意识中的跨文化沟通意识。这种设计既便于学生自主复习巩固，又为教师精准教学提供清晰路径，显著提高课堂效率与学习深度。

专题01 必修第一册Unit 1 Back to school单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1. potential n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的→potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地 2. challenge n. & vt. 挑战；质疑→challenging adj. 有挑战性的 3. advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 4. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 惊讶的→amaze vt. 使惊讶→amazement n. 惊讶 5. confidence n. 信心，信任；把握→confident adj. 自信的 6. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上→equality n. 平等；相等→equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地 7. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 8. improve vt. & vi. 改进，改善→improvement n. 改进 9. responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任 10. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n. 独立 11. detail n. 细节；具体情况→detailed adj. 详细的 12. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部→basis n. 基础；原因；基准→basic adj. 基础的 13. proposal n. 提议，建议，动议→propose vt. 提议 14. professional adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士→profession n. 职业，专业→professor n. 教授，讲师 15. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj. 惊恐的→alarming adj. 使人惊恐的 16. contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献→contributor n. 捐献者；投稿人 17. fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortune n. 运气；命运 18. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的 19. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attractive adj. 吸引人的→attraction n. 有吸引力的事物 20. senior adj. 中学的；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员→junior adj. 地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1. well-rounded adj. 全面发展的；面面俱到的 2. workshop n. 研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 3. biology n. 生物学 4. butter n. 黄油 5. pudding n. 甜点；布丁 6. rugby n. 橄榄球运动 7. path n. 道路；小路；成功的途径 8. thinking n. 思维，思想；想法 9. resource n. 资源；资料；谋略 10. facility n. 设施，设备；场所 12. positive adj. 积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 13. opportunity n. 机会，时机 14. acquire vt. 获得，得到 15. effort n. 努力，费力的事；试图 16. attitude n. 态度，看法 17. goal n. 目标；进球得分 18. individual n. 个人adj. 单独的，个别的 19. character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 20. ahead adv. (时间、空间)向前；提前 21. focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中 22. tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 23. remind vt. 提醒，使想起 24. aim n. 目的，目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对 25. style n. 风格；方式；样式 26. technique n. 技巧，技艺；技能 27. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的 28. poster n. 海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 29. secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 30. exchange n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换 31. host n. 主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持 32. tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 33. calligraphy n. 书法，书法艺术 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 极少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1. lie in存在于，在于 2. rise to能够处理 3. make a difference起作用，有影响 4. make the most of充分利用，尽情享受 5. take advantage of/ make use of 利用 6. last but not least最后但同样重要的 7. look forward to盼望，期待 8. as a result of由于 9. stick to坚持；固守，维持 10. over time随着时间流逝，久而久之 11. can’t wait to 迫不及待地 12. take part in 参与，参加 13. in time 迟早；最后；及时 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) )14. pay attention to注意 1. what引导宾语从句 I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like. 我迫不及待地想要向你们描述高中生活的模样。 2. It is＋adj. ＋for sb＋to do sth. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 要想充分发挥你的潜能，充分利用我们学校的资源对你很重要。 3. 完全倒装 Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。 4. as引导非限制性定语从句 As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. ” 正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。” 5. so. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句 I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！ 我那么喜欢它以至于我仍旧用它作闹钟！ 6. find＋宾语＋宾补 ①In time, you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual. 最终,你会发现你自己发展成为一个全面发展的人。 ②I found Maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China. ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) )我觉得数学很容易，学起来很愉快，因为英国的教材没有中国的难。 一、单元写作任务：写一个创建俱乐部的提案 本单元的话题是“重返校园”，与此相关的写作一般是写一个创建俱乐部的提案。提案的长短因事而异。一般包括: 目的、背景、需求、详细计划、资质问题、请求批准以及相关附件等。 二、通用表达 1. 话题词汇 (1)很高兴做某事 be glad to do sth. (2)创立新俱乐部 set up a new club (3)做好准备make good preparations (4)足够的材料 enough materials (5)招募新成员 find new members (6)取得成就 make achievements/achieve good results (7)连同, 和……一起 as well as 2. 话题句式 (1)段首句 ①I’m glad to hear the news that you want to found a new club. 得知你想创建一个新的俱乐部, 我非常开心。 ②I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for setting up a club. 我写信是为了提供我的建议, 因为你在寻求帮助来建立一个俱乐部。 (2)主体段落 ①It’s important to appeal to more students to take part in activities. 吸引更多的学生参加活动是很重要的。 ②It’s a great idea to make the most of school resources. 充分利用学校的资源是个好主意。 ③Club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. 俱乐部活动应仔细设计, 并为足够的材料需求做好充分的准备。 (3)段尾句 I sincerely hope that you can make achievements in. . . 真诚地祝愿你在……取得成就。 三、范文背诵 Dear Mary, I’m glad to know that you plan to set up a new club in our school. My proposals are as follows. First of all, you’d better make it clear about the type of the club as well as the name and the aim. Besides, club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. Lastly, it’s also important to consider finding new members. I sincerely hope that you can make achievements in your future work! Yours, Li Hua ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1. The main goal/ aim(目标) of the meeting is to give more information on our plans. 2. He expressed his confidence(自信) that their team would win the game. 3. With the help of the teacher, I made advance(进步) in various ways. 4. I was reminded(提醒) by my mother to mind my behavior at the party last night. reminded。 5. Paper cuts which show the Chinese character(文字)or double happiness are often used to celebrate weddings. 6. He still felt responsible(有责任的) for her death. 7. They are making a lot of claims for improving(改善) working conditions. 8. His wife’s death disturbed the balance(平衡) of his mind. 9. I’m in the process of collecting material(素材) for an argument essay that I’m writing. 10. Swiftly, we exchanged(交换) our contact details, a silent pact of honor formed between us. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2025新课标Ⅱ卷)But it’s amazing(amaze) how you can adapt and learn in a new environment. 2. (2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)But equally(equal)important is the mental aspect. 3. (2025 1月浙江卷)Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it’s based(base)on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 4. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)Also, could I remind you that the deadline for submission is this Friday, June 14th? 5. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)Last month, you kindly agreed to write an article about sports in Canada, and we’re all looking forward to reading(read) it. 6. (2025年1月浙江卷完形填空)This platform is not only reserved for professional(profession) cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 7. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)Fortunately(fortune), analyses suggest that renewable are up to the task. 8. (2025新课标Ⅱ卷A)Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive(attract) English market town. 9. We all need to better understand the thinking(think) of the other side. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) )10. Her efforts(effort) were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking. 1. 他禁不住想所有这些不过是“画饼充饥”的空话而已。 He can’t wait to think it’s all just “pie in the sky” talk. 2. 当地俱乐部正尽一切努力来吸引年轻人。 The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people. 3. 对于年幼的孩子来说，独自穿过熙熙攘攘的街道很危险。 It is dangerous for young children to cross crowded streets on their own. 4. 问题在于怎么找到合适的人来做这个工作。 The problem lies in how to find a suitable person to do the job. 5. 你应该利用这个好机会练习你的英语口语。 You should take advantage of/ make use of the good chance to practise your oral English. 6. 他在或不在对我们的工作没有影响。 Whether he is here or not will make no difference to our work. 7. 为了通过驾照考试, 他努力训练。(一句多译) ①He trained hard with the aim of the driving test. (aim n. ) ②He trained hard, aiming at passing the driving test. (aim v. ) ③He trained hard, aiming to pass the driving test. (aim v. ) 8. 传统的中医认为我们需要阴阳平衡才能健康。 Traditional Chinese doctors believe that we need a balance between Yin and Yang to be healthy. 9. 在我们的国家，所有人都有平等接受教育的权利。 All people have the equal rights to education in our nation. 10. 令人惊讶的是他们的家是由水生植物做成的。 It is amazing that their homes are made of water plants. 学科网（北京）股份有限公2 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 必修第一册Unit 1 Back to school单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1. ________ n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的→________ adv. 潜在地，可能地 2. ________ n. & vt. 挑战；质疑→________ adj. 有挑战性的 3. ________ n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步→________ adj. 先进的；高级的 4. ________ adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→________ adj. 惊讶的→________ vt. 使惊讶→________ n. 惊讶 5. ________ n. 信心，信任；把握→________ adj. 自信的 6. ________ adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上→________ n. 平等；相等→________ adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地 7. ________ vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力→________ adj. 平衡的；均衡的 8. ________ vt. & vi. 改进，改善→________ n. 改进 9. ________ adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→________ n. 责任 10. ________ adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的→________ n. 独立 11. ________ n. 细节；具体情况→________ adj. 详细的 12. ________ vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部→________ n. 基础；原因；基准→________ adj. 基础的 13. ________ n. 提议，建议，动议→________ vt. 提议 14. ________ adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士→________ n. 职业，专业→________ n. 教授，讲师 15. ________ n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕→________ adj. 惊恐的→________ adj. 使人惊恐的 16. ________ n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→________ vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献→________ n. 捐献者；投稿人 17. ________ adv. 幸运地，幸亏→________ adj. 幸运的→________ n. 运气；命运 18. ________ n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→________ adj. 可选择的 19. ________ vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→________ adj. 吸引人的→________n. 有吸引力的事物 20. ________ adj. 中学的；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员→________ adj. 地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1. well-rounded adj. ________________ 2. workshop n. ________________ 3. biology n. ________________ 4. butter n. ________________ 5. pudding n. ________________ 6. rugby n. ________________ 7. path n. ________________ 8. thinking n. ________________ 9. resource n. ________________ 10. facility n. ________________ 12. positive adj. ________________ 13. opportunity n. ________________ 14. acquire vt. ________________ 15. effort n. ________________ 16. attitude n. ________________ 17. goal n. ________ 18. individual n. ________ adj. ________________ 19. character n. ________________ 20. ahead adv. ________________ 21. focus n. ________ vt. & vi. ________ 22. tip n. ________________ 23. remind vt. ________________ 24. aim n. ________ vi. & vt. ________________ 25. style n. ________________ 26. technique n. ________________ 27. material n. ________ adj. ________________ 28. poster n. ________________ 29. secondary adj. ________________ 30. exchange n. & vt. ________________ 31. host n. ________________ vt. ________ 32. tough adj. ________________ ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 极少成多，活学活用 ) )33. calligraphy n. ________________ 1. ________________存在于，在于 2. ________________能够处理 3. ________________起作用，有影响 4. ________________充分利用，尽情享受 5. ________________利用 6. ________________最后但同样重要的 7. ________________盼望，期待 8. ________________由于 9. ________________坚持；固守，维持 10. ________________随着时间流逝，久而久之 11. ________________迫不及待地 12. ________________参与，参加 13. ________________迟早；最后；及时 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) )14. ________________注意 1. what引导宾语从句 I can’t wait to describe to you ________________________________. 我迫不及待地想要向你们描述高中生活的模样。 2. It is＋adj. ＋for sb＋to do sth. To fully realize your potential, ________________________________________________. 要想充分发挥你的潜能，充分利用我们学校的资源对你很重要。 3. 完全倒装 ________________________________, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。 4. as引导非限制性定语从句 ________________, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. ” 正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。” 5. so. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句 I like it ________________ I still use it as my alarm！ 我那么喜欢它以至于我仍旧用它作闹钟！ 6. find＋宾语＋宾补 ①In time, you will ________________________________________________. 最终,你会发现你自己发展成为一个全面发展的人。 ②I ________________________________ because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China. ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) )我觉得数学很容易，学起来很愉快，因为英国的教材没有中国的难。 一、单元写作任务：写一个创建俱乐部的提案 本单元的话题是“重返校园”，与此相关的写作一般是写一个创建俱乐部的提案。提案的长短因事而异。一般包括: 目的、背景、需求、详细计划、资质问题、请求批准以及相关附件等。 二、通用表达 1. 话题词汇 (1)很高兴做某事 be glad to do sth. (2)创立新俱乐部 set up a new club (3)做好准备make good preparations (4)足够的材料 enough materials (5)招募新成员 find new members (6)取得成就 make achievements/achieve good results (7)连同, 和……一起 as well as 2. 话题句式 (1)段首句 ①I’m glad to hear the news that you want to found a new club. 得知你想创建一个新的俱乐部, 我非常开心。 ②I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for setting up a club. 我写信是为了提供我的建议, 因为你在寻求帮助来建立一个俱乐部。 (2)主体段落 ①It’s important to appeal to more students to take part in activities. 吸引更多的学生参加活动是很重要的。 ②It’s a great idea to make the most of school resources. 充分利用学校的资源是个好主意。 ③Club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. 俱乐部活动应仔细设计, 并为足够的材料需求做好充分的准备。 (3)段尾句 I sincerely hope that you can make achievements in. . . 真诚地祝愿你在……取得成就。 三、范文背诵 Dear Mary, I’m glad to know that you plan to set up a new club in our school. My proposals are as follows. First of all, you’d better make it clear about the type of the club as well as the name and the aim. Besides, club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. Lastly, it’s also important to consider finding new members. I sincerely hope that you can make achievements in your future work! Yours, Li Hua ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1. The main ________(目标) of the meeting is to give more information on our plans. 2. He expressed his ________(自信) that their team would win the game. 3. With the help of the teacher, I made ________(进步) in various ways. 4. I was ________(提醒) by my mother to mind my behavior at the party last night. reminded。 5. Paper cuts which show the Chinese ________(文字)or double happiness are often used to celebrate weddings. 6. He still felt ________(有责任的) for her death. 7. They are making a lot of claims for ________(改善) working conditions. 8. His wife’s death disturbed the ________(平衡) of his mind. 9. I’m in the process of collecting ________(素材) for an argument essay that I’m writing. 10. Swiftly, we ________(交换) our contact details, a silent pact of honor formed between us. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2025新课标Ⅱ卷)But it’s ________(amaze) how you can adapt and learn in a new environment. 2. (2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)But ________(equal)important is the mental aspect. 3. (2025 1月浙江卷)Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it’s ________(base)on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 4. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)Also, could I remind you ________ the deadline for submission is this Friday, June 14th? 5. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)Last month, you kindly agreed to write an article about sports in Canada, and we’re all looking forward to ________(read) it. 6. (2025年1月浙江卷完形填空)This platform is not only reserved for ________(profession) cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 7. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷)________(fortune), analyses suggest that renewable are up to the task. 8. (2025新课标Ⅱ卷A)Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an ________(attract) English market town. 9. We all need to better understand the ________(think) of the other side. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) )10. Her ________(effort) were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking. 1. 他禁不住想所有这些不过是“画饼充饥”的空话而已。 He ________________ it’s all just “pie in the sky” talk. 2. 当地俱乐部正尽一切努力来吸引年轻人。 The local clubs ________________ interest more young people. 3. 对于年幼的孩子来说，独自穿过熙熙攘攘的街道很危险。 It ________________________________ crowded streets on their own. 4. 问题在于怎么找到合适的人来做这个工作。 The problem ________________________________________________. 5. 你应该利用这个好机会练习你的英语口语。 You should ________________________________________________. 6. 他在或不在对我们的工作没有影响。 Whether he is here or not will ________________________________. 7. 为了通过驾照考试, 他努力训练。(一句多译) ①He trained hard ________________ the driving test. (aim n. ) ②He trained hard, ________________ the driving test. (aim v. ) ③He trained hard, ________________ the driving test. (aim v. ) 8. 传统的中医认为我们需要阴阳平衡才能健康。 Traditional Chinese doctors believe that we need ________________________________ to be healthy. 9. 在我们的国家，所有人都有平等接受教育的权利。 All people ________________________________ in our nation. 10. 令人惊讶的是他们的家是由水生植物做成的。 ________________ their homes are made of water plants. 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $