Unit 1 分层跟踪检测(3) Developing ideas&Presenting ideas&Reflection-【志鸿优化训练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修选择性第二册 (外研版)

Unit 1 分层跟踪检测（三）Developing ic △级|必备知识基础练 工.单词拼写 1.(2024全国甲卷)Don'ts a meal on the way to work. 2.Six years of companion has established a close b between both of you. 3.(柯林斯词典)It was a wonderful occasion which we will c for many years to come. 4.(2024九省联考)Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running (惯例). 5.(牛津词典)After the operation you may find it difficult to c and swallow. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.(2024全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend to catch our attention because of their large size and (vary). 2.(柯林斯词典)No liquids are served with meals because they interfere with (digest). 3.(柯林斯词典)It would be too (tire)to wait in the queue. 4.(2024浙江1月卷)She decided that she would (memory)where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist. 5.(2023新课标I卷)Each chapter concludes a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.正是您的指导帮助我在最近的一次英语演 讲比赛中获得了一等奖，这激励着我全身心 14 班级 姓名 eas Presenting ideas Reflection 投入英语学习。 It was your guidance that helped me win the first prize in a recent English speech contest,which 2.拥有如此多的景点，毫无疑问，曲阜成为一 个受欢迎的旅游景点，每年都会吸引大量国 内外游客。 With so many attractions,no doubt Qufu becomes a popular tourist draw that receives from home and abroad every year. 3.有了这个英语学习助手，学生们可以与人用 英语进行对话，这样他们就可以练习口语 了。(so that引导目的状语从句) With this English learning assistant,students can have someone make a conversation in English 4.我们期望您能抽出一些时间来修改情节，润 色台词。(have十宾语十宾语补足语) We expect that you can spare some time 5.每当我想偷懒的时候，时钟的声音就告诉我 要珍惜时间。(whenever引导让步状语 从句) the sound of the clock tells me to value time. B级|能力素养提升练 V.阅读理解 Back in 1964,in his book Games People Play,psychiatrist Eric Berne described a pattern of conversation he called "Why Don't You-Yes But",which remains one of the most annoying aspects of everyday social life. The person adopting the strategy is usually a chronic complainer.Something is terrible about their relationship,job,or other situation,and they complain about it endlessly,but find some excuse to dismiss any solution that's proposed. The reason,of course,is that on some level they don't want a solution;they want to be validated()in their position that the world is out to get them.If they can“win”the game dismissing every suggestion until interlocutor (对话者)gives up in annoyance-they get to feel pleasurably righteous(正当的)in their anger and excused from any obligation to change. Part of the trouble here is the so-called responsibility/fault fallacy ()When you're feeling hard done by-taken for granted by your partner,say,or obliged to work for a stupid boss it's easy to become attached to the position that it's not your job to address the matter,and that doing so would be an admission of fault.But there's a confusion here.For example,if I were to discover a newborn at my front door,it wouldn't be my fault,but it most certainly would be my responsibility.There would be choices to make,and no possibility of avoiding them,since trying to ignore the matter would be a choice.The point is that what goes for the baby on the doorstep is true in all cases:even if the other person is 100%in the wrong,there's nothing to be gained,long-term,from using this as a justification to evade responsibility. Should you find yourself on the receiving end of this kind of complaining,there's a clever way to shut it down-which is to agree with it.Psychotherapist Lori Gottlieb describes this as "over-validation".For one thing,you'll be spared further complaining,since the other person's motivation was to confirm her beliefs, 1 and now you're confirming them.But for another,as Gottlieb notes,people confronted with over-validation often hear their complaints afresh and start arguing back.The concept that they're utterly powerless suddenly seems unrealistic,not to mention rather annoying-so they're prompted instead to generate ideas about how they might change things. "And then,sometimes,something magical might happen,"Gottlieb writes.The other person "might realize she's not as trapped as you are saying she is,or as she feels.Avoiding responsibility feels comfortable,but turns out to be a prison;whereas assuming responsibility feels unpleasant,but ends up being freeing. 1.What is the characteristic of a chronic complainer,according to Eric Berne? A.They are angry about their ill treatment and feel bitter towards whoever tries to help. B.They are habitually unhappy and endlessly find fault with people around them. C.They constantly dismiss others'proposals while taking no responsibility for dealing with the problem. D.They lack the basic skills required for successful conversations with others. 2.What does the author try to illustrate with the example of the newborn on one's doorstep? A.People tend to think that one should not be held responsible for others'mistakes. B.It is easy to become attached to the position of overlooking one's own fault. C.People are often at a loss when confronted with a number of choices. D.A distinction should be drawn between responsibility and fault. 3.What does the author advise people to do to chronic complainers? A.Stop them from going further by agreeing with them B.Listen to their complaints attentively and sympathetically. C.Ask them to validate their beliefs with further evidence. D.Persuade them to clarify the confusion they caused. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.What is the responsibility/fault fallacy for chronic complainers? B.How can you avoid dangerous traps in everyday social life? C.Who are chronic complainers and how to deal with them? D.Why should we stop being a chronic complainer and assume responsibility? V.语法填空 (2025河北沧州高二上月考) Johann Strauss was 1. Austrian composer of light music,particularly dance music and operettas(轻歌剧).He was born in Vienna in 1825.Although his father didn't want him 2. (become)a musician, Strauss studied the violin 3. (secret)when he was a child.When his father discovered his son was practicing on a violin one day,he gave him a beating,4. (say)that he was going to beat the music out of the boy.But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the greatest 5. (composer)of all time.He wrote his first waltz at six.At the age of 19,he decided to devote himself to 6. (write)music. He formed his own orchestra and made a successful tour to Europe and soon became famous.The emperor of Austria was so 7. (please)with his music that he appointed him the conductor at the court balls of Vienna.It 15 was for these occasions that he wrote some of his most popular waltzes,among 8. was the well-known favorite The Blue Danube.In all,the talented Johann Strauss wrote more than 500 masterpieces.In his lifetime,he was known 9. the Waltz King,and was largely responsible for the 10. (popular)of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century. I.应用文写作 假定你是李华，上周你组建某志愿团队， 并成功开展相关志愿活动，请你在英语课上分 享这次经历，内容包括： 1.克服的困难； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Last week,we set up a volunteer group, aimed at Ⅶ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开 头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nominated(提名)for our school's debate team.I jumped at the chance.When I got home that day,I began to fill out the application form,trying hard to prove how I met all the team's criteria:strong communication skills,teamwork,and a good understanding of current events. The next day,I handed in my application and waited with eagerness.I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡)，anticipation building up with each tick of the clock. Two weeks went by,and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, The rejection stung(刺痛)me,especially which began with“T'm sorry to...”.As soon when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance.I as the school bus let me off that afternoon,I felt cheated,questioning the fairness of the raced into the house.My mother was typing at process.In my view,some selected didn't the computer. deserve it as much as I did.Bitterness crept( “Mom,”I said,my voice barely above a A)into my words as I complained. whisper,“I didn't make the debate team.” “I'm the best fit for the team,”I protested.. She looked up,a smile playing on her lips, "See,Jenny,complaining won't get you on thinking I was joking,and playfully reached the team.Mom gave me a serious look. out to high-five me.But the tears in my eyes 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； told a different story. 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 “No,really,I wasn't picked,”I told her, I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. handing her the letter. Her smile faded,replaced by a look of genuine concern."Oh,sweetheart,I'm sorry," I did make it when a second chance came she said in surprise."There must be some 3 months later. mistakes.She called the debate team advisor,but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final.Hearing that,I broke down and burst out crying. 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 5.prompt v. 1.dismiss v. 二、熟词生义 2.excuse v. address 本文义：v 3.obligation n. 其他义：n. 4.confront v. 三、词块速记 take...for granted 四、长难句分析 When you're feeling hard done by-taken for granted by your partner,say,or obliged to work for a stupid boss-it's easy to become attached to the position that it's not your job to address the matter,and that doing so would be an admission of fault. 分析：本句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语；第一个it为 ,真正的主语 ;两个that引导并列的 句意： 答案见P356 151分层跟踪检测（三）Developing ideas& Presenting ideas Reflection I.1.swallow 2.bond 3.cherish 4.routine 5.chew II.1.variety 2.digestion 3.tiresome 4.memorize 5.with IlI.1.motivated me to devote myself to learning English 2.a great many visitors 3.so that they can practise their oral English 4.to have the plots revised and the lines polished 5.Whenever I want to be lazy W.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 介绍了长期抱怨者会不停地抱怨，但是从不负 起责任去解决问题，他们试图从对话者的恼怒 中获得正义感，从而逃避改变的责任，这背后 的原因部分在于他们混淆了责任和错误。对 待长期抱怨者，我们需要的是同意他们的观 点，促使他们自己产生改变的想法。 1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“The person adopting the strategy is usually a chronic complainer.Something is terrible about their relationship,job,or other situation,and they complain about it endlessly,but find some excuse to dismiss any solution that's proposed. 可知，长期抱怨者会一直拒绝他人的解决方 案，不停地抱怨却不负责解决问题。故选 C项。 2.D推理判断题。根据第二段中“For example,if I were to discover a newborn at my front door,it wouldn't be my fault,but it most certainly would be my responsibility..”和“The point is that what goes for the baby on the doorstep is true in all cases:even if the other person is 100%in the wrong,there's nothing to be gained,long-term,from using this as a -35 justification to evade responsibility..”可知，在 家门口发现新生儿的例子说明了错误不在自 己，但仍需负起责任，不能因为不是自己的错 误就逃避负责任。作者举这个例子是为了说 明错误和责任之间有明显的区别，不能混为一 谈。故选D项。 3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 "Should you find yourself on the receiving end of this kind of complaining,there's a clever way to shut it down-which is to agree with t.”可知，面对长期的抱怨者，让他们停止抱怨 的方法就是赞同他们。故选A项。 4.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章 介绍了长期抱怨者会不停地抱怨，但是从不负 起责任去解决问题，他们试图从对话者的恼怒 中获得正义感，从而逃避改变的责任，这背后 的原因部分他们在于混淆了责任和错误。对 待长期抱怨者，我们需要的是同意他们的观 点，促使他们自己产生改变的想法。由此可 知，C项对应了文中对长期抱怨者的描述以及 提出的解决方法，适合作为文章标题。故选 C项。 V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 介绍了奥地利作曲家Johann Strauss的生平事 迹，他的一生中写了超过500首的杰作，他被称 为圆舞曲之王，并在很大程度上促进了19世纪 维也纳圆舞曲的流行。 1.an考查不定冠词。composer是可数 名词，设空处表示泛指“一名”，且Austrian发 音以元音音素开头。故填an。 2.to become考查动词不定式。固定短 语“want sb.to do sth.”意为“想要某人做某 事”，后跟不定式。故填to become。 3.secretly考查副词。设空处修饰动词 studied需用副词形式。故填secretly。 4.saying考查非谓语动词。本句已经存 在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故say只能做非 谓语动词，与逻辑主语he是逻辑上的主谓关 系，故用动词-ing形式。故填saying。 5.composers考查名词复数。短语one of后加复数名词，表示“…之一”。故填 composers。 6.writing考查非谓语动词。短语“devote oneself to doing sth.”意为“全身心投入做某 事”，动词-ig形式作介词to的宾语。故填 writing 7.pleased考查形容词。be动词后跟形 容词作表语，主语为人，且表示“满意的”，故用 ed结尾形容词。填pleased.。 8.which考查关系代词。设空处为“介 词十which”引导定语从句，指物。故填which。 9.as考查介词。短语be known as意为 “作为…而出名”。故填as。 l0.popularity考查名词。设空处与下文 of the waltz构成无生命的名词所有格，故前面 也需要用名词形式。填popularity。. V.Last week,we set up a volunteer group,aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and social skills through arts,music therapy,and simple games. One major challenge we faced was recruiting members who were both devoted and available. Many students were interested,but they had conflicting schedules.To resolve this,we held online meetings and reached out to more members.Another challenge was learning how to interact effectively with autistic children. Luckily,we received some special training from local experts. This journey taught me patience,empathy, 3 and the value of community service.It also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership,which involve listening,supporting, and sometimes stepping back to let others take the lead. In short,it has been a rewarding experience filled with challenges and growth. VI.I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. She shared her own stories of failure and disappointment and how she turned them into opportunities for growth."Every rejection is a lesson,she said.With her guidance,I spent the next three months improving my skills.I practiced debates,read extensively to stay updated on current events,and sought feedback from teachers and peers.I even started a debate club after school to gain more experience. I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later.When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament, they considered my dedication and improvement. This time,I was ready.My performance in the tryouts was confident and well-prepared. Joining the team was a sweet victory,but the real win was in the resilience I had built and the lessons I had learned along the way.My mother's wisdom had steered me through a tough time,and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person. 知识积累卡 一、1.摒弃，驳回2.同意免除3.义务 4.面临，面对5.提示 二、应对，处理地址 三、认为…理所当然 四、形式主语动词不定式同位语从句 当你感到自己受到了不公正的对待 比如被伴侣忽视或被迫为愚蠢的老板工 作—很容易产生这样的想法：解决这个问题 不是你的职责所在，这样做就等于承认自己 有错。 Unit 2 分层跟踪检测（一）Starting out& Understanding ideas I.1.towel 2.accessed 3.switched 4.profiles 5.fundraising II.1.security 2.to participate 3.from 4.constantly 5.to IlI.1.Step away from the computer 2.make full use of the most extensive educational resources 3.had left my book in the cafe 4.With tears in my eyes 5.make us secure N.Activity 1 1.a sense of uneasiness slowly crept over him 2.had to switch his old mindset 3.occupied his every thought;motivating him to strive for better 4.to access more knowledge and skills 5.couldn't rely on others 6.With a determined glint in his eyes Activity 2 As he stood at the crossroads of life,a sense of uneasiness slowly crept over him.He knew he had to switch his old mindset.The burning desire to succeed occupied his every thought,constantly motivating him to strive for better.Eager to access more knowledge and skills,he realized he couldn't rely on others but himself to grow.With a determined glint in his eyes,he took the first step towards the 35 unknown path of self-improvement,ready to face whatever challenges awaited. V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章 讲述了作者从最初对钢琴技艺的执着追求，到 随后放下这种执着，最终通过园艺和骑行获得 满足的故事。 1.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was determined to make up for all I had been missing.I wanted to finally master the piano and learn how to make music.”可知，作者在退 休后学习钢琴是为了追求对音乐的长期热爱。 故选D项。 2.B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，尽 管有一些小的失误，作者仍出色地完成了表 演。故选B项。 3.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 "But now my piano does nothing more than sit silently in my dining room,displaying family photos and collecting dust.”可知，作者的钢琴 现在被放在餐厅里，积满了灰尘。即作者用钢 琴做了一些与音乐无关的事情。故选C项。 4.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was determined to make up for all I had been missing.I wanted to finally master the piano and learn how to make music.”以及第四段中 的“For months I did nothing but furiously practise..”可知，作者是一个有主见且努力奋进 的人。故选A项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作 者通过讲述诗歌是如何给予她勇气与力量、改 变她的价值观，来进一步说明诗歌对人们的生 活产生积极影响。 5.B细节理解题。根据第二段内容可 知，在讲习班朗诵诗歌的经历有助于作者的自 我成长。故选B项。