Unit 1 分层跟踪检测(1) Starting out&Understanding ideas-【志鸿优化训练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修选择性第二册 (外研版)

(3)get injured (4)cause sb.'s death (5)cut off (6)in ruins/fall into ruin 2.①a terrible fire broke out②fought against it bravely;it lasted five hours 3was destroyed by the fire 4were badly injured 5 useful measures that should be taken to prevent forest fires 6the public should be taught the importance of fire prevention DThe firefighters hurried there at once and fought against it bravely,but the fire was so big that it lasted five hours. 8The terrible accident has taught us a lesson that useful measures should be taken to prevent forest fires. 妙笔成篇 I'm so sorry to tell you that a terrible fire broke out in a mountain in our city yesterday. Luckily,the firefighters hurried there at once and fought against it bravely,but the fire was so big that it lasted five hours.The electricity was cut off.To our sorrow,half of the forest was destroyed by the fire.What's worse,two people were badly injured. The terrible accident has taught us a 分层作 Unit 1 分层跟踪检测（一）Starting out& Understanding ideas I.1.virtues 2.wages 3.loan 4.mature 5.integrity 6.ambulance 7.subtle 8.licence 9.selfish 10.minimum II.1.suitable 2.commitment 3.approval 352 lesson that useful measures should be taken to prevent forest fires.For example,more noticeboards must be set up to warn the danger of throwing out live cigarette ends.In a word,the government must take highly notice and the public should be taught the importance of fire prevention to reduce the damage. 针对训练 An Unforgettable Experience I'll never forget what happened last Monday.Early in the morning,I was going to school.Shortly after I entered the lift,it suddenly came to a stop.I was alone in the lift and felt a bit frightened and worried at first.I tried to shout aloud for help but it seemed that no one heard me.At this moment,I remembered there should be an emergency bell on the wall, so I looked around and found it.I immediately rang the bell for help.Soon two men came up and I was safe.From this experience I have learned that it's vital to keep calm in time of danger.As the saying goes "An anxious man loses wits..” 业册 4.to climb 5.was pulled 6.for 7.a II.1.No doubt 2.in charge of arranging all the activities 3.you want to be treated 4.found it impossible to get around 5.as if we were her children V.Activity 1 1.Lisa took on the responsibility of being in charge of the class garden project.2.made a strong commitment to make it beautiful 3.A fierce storm struck 4.Instantly,the garden was in a mess.5.were in low spirits 6.didn't let them lose hope 7.gathered everyone together 8.approved with big smiles;as if she were a little hero 9.can't stop her from growing Activity 2 Lisa took on the responsibility of being in charge of the class garden project.She made a strong commitment to make it beautiful.But a fierce storm struck without warning.Instantly, the garden was in a mess.The classmates were in low spirits,feeling as though all their hard work had come to nothing.However,Lisa didn't let them lose hope.She gathered everyone together to replant the damaged ones.When the teachers saw the rebuilt garden,they approved with big smiles,looking at Lisa as if she were a little hero.Through this,Lisa learned that setbacks can't stop her from growing. V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章 主要讲述了作者在观看了纪录片《看不见的孩 子》后，人生观被改变，决定主修工程学来改变 世界。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“In movies and books,people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are.However,I never thought it actually happened in real life.I never expected to have a ‘moment'of my own.”可知，作者最初认为这 个决定性时刻是不可能的。故选A项。 2.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 -35 “My whole world shifted.”可知，电影改变了 作者的人生观。故选B项。 3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中 "Ultimately,this is why I decided to major in engineering.With an engineering degree,my potential for change will be limitless.I will build wells and schools,and design irrigation systems.Engineering is tough,but I know-in what Yeats called 'my deep heart's call'-that this is what I'm supposed to do with my life. 可知，作者选择工程专业是为了达到他的目 标。故选A项。 4.C推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了 作者在观看了纪录片《看不见的孩子》后，人生 观被改变，决定主修工程学来改变世界，可推 知，文章选自报纸的“教育”版面。故选C项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文 章主要讲述了作者发表的研究论文被发现错 误而不得不退回，但这件事也让作者明白了退 回错误是科学过程中必不可少的部分，不应该 消极地看待它，因为它也是一个学习和提高的 机会。 5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My phone rang after I boarded a plane.It was my PhD adviser calling to tell me there were identified flaws in the paper I had just published in Nature.”可知，在飞机起飞前，作 者被告知他发表的论文中发现了一些错误。 故选D项。 6.A词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“1 received a flood of emails and messages.”可 知，作者下飞机后收到了大量的电子邮件和信 息，由此可推测出，这篇文章被指出错误所带 来的后果非常迅速而强烈。“fallout'”意为“后 果”与A项：Consequence(结果，后果)意思最 接近。故选A项。 7.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He didn't accept it,saying a resignation wasn't needed considering the errors in the paper were honest mistakes.”可知，部门领导认为作 者没必要辞职，因为论文中的错误是无心之 失，即作者不是故意犯错的。故选C项。 8.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的 "I wrote a response,correcting the apparent errors in the data set.When it became clear that the retraction was unavoidable,I formally offered my resignation to my department head.”以及倒数第二段内容可知，作者对论文 中被发现的错误及时纠正和承担责任，是非常 的谦虚和负责的。故选B项。 知识积累卡 一、1.关键的2.幸运的是3.缺陷 4.严厉的5.详尽的6.迅速的7.辞职信 二、1.记录文件2.处理过程，进程 三、1.敌对力量2.主修工程学3.登机 4.大量的电子邮件和信息 四、当他告诉我这些评论的作者要求撤回 文章时，我的心一下子沉了下去。 分层跟踪检测（二）Using language I.1.will be going 2.will be working 3.will/shall be doing 4.will be 5.will be arriving 6.will be seeing II.1.will be having a meeting 2.will make a miracle 3.am going back home in the country 4.I shall/will be visiting my grandmother 5.will be experiencing II.1.is approaching/coming/drawing near 2.will participate in 3.will start on July 10 and last for 5 days 4.shall/will be enjoying an exciting sport 5.shall/will be experiencing 35 traditional Chinese culture 6.will have an unforgettable holiday 7.What will you be doing W.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要讲的是青少年如何养成良好的理财习惯， 让未来更有保障。 l.D根据空前内容“The earlier you begin developing good financial habits,the more secure your future will be.”说明养成良 好的理财习惯很重要，由空后每一段的小标题 可知，下文是给出的一些建议，因此空格处应 该说“下面是一些建议”，D项说明接下来要讲 一些建议，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 2.G根据空前“To take charge of your financial future,read a few basic books on personal finance,.”说明读些理财类的书籍，以 及空后“And you will find it easier to say‘no' to a friend who encourages you to waste money or classmates who plan expensive trips that you can't afford.”说明读书所带来的好 处，空格处也应该讲读理财的书籍的好处，G项 说明了读理财书籍的好处，承上启下，符合语 境。故选G项。 3.A根据空后“First,never spend more money than you can get,and second,watch where your money goes..”说明有两条原则要 遵守，A项说明了有两条法则要遵循，引起下 文，符合语境。故选A项。 4.F设空处下文内容说明作者建议不要 急于在有钱后就花了，空格处应该引出青少年 急于花掉钱这个问题，F项说明了青少年急于 花掉钱这个问题，引起下文，符合语境。故选 F项。 5.E空前“So why not stick to a wise spending plan and put some money into thisUnit 1 01 分层跟踪检测（一）Startir A级必备知识基础练 I.单词拼写 1.(2024北京卷)The similarity of moral across cultures is striking... 2.Most of employers are planning to cut down on w instead of laying off employees in response to the economic depression. 3.(牛津词典)It took three years to repay my student （贷款). 4.(2023全国乙卷)Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they (成 熟的). 5.His teachings remind us of the importance of (正直诚实)，compassion, and social responsibility. 6.(柯林斯词典)The injured were rushed to hospital in an a 7.(2022新高考I卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a (微妙的)competition. 8.(柯林斯词典)Payne lost his driving 1 a year ago for drink-driving. 9.Her attitude makes me mad because she is so (自私的). 10.The computer simulation has achieved the control measure with m overall cost. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.I have a command of spoken English and can communicate with foreigners fluently;so I think I am quite (suit)for the post. 班级 姓名 g out Understanding ideas 2.(2021天津3月卷)Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty.But such (commit) can also weaken a sense of freedom. 3.Bradley couldn't help but notice the surprised looks on his teacher's face and the nods of (approve). 4.Children may be tempted (climb)into the front seat while the car is in motion. 5.Instantly my head (pull)out of the huge pumpkin,I sighed in relief. 6.(2023新课标I卷)Taking responsibility mistakes is a positive step,but don't beat yourself up about them. 7.All the people in New China are masters of the country and have say on the state affairs. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.毫无疑问，这次山地野餐给他们留下了深刻 印象。 it is the mountain picnic that has left a deep impression on them. 2.作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗 留期间的所有活动。 As chairman of the Student Association,I was appointed to be during your stay in Tianjin. 3.知道你对汉语感兴趣，我想给你介绍一句中 国谚语一己所不欲，勿施于人。(the way 作先行词的定语从句) Knowing that you are interested in Chinese, I'd like to introduce a Chinese proverb to you-Treat others the way 4.由于方向感差，Eva发现在这么大的大楼里 走动是不可能的。(find十it十形容词+todo sth.) Having a poor sense of direction,Eva in such a huge building. 5.她是一位热情敬业的老师，把我们当作她的孩 子一样照顾和教导。(asif引导方式状语从句) She is a warm-hearted and dedicated teacher, who tends and instructs us V.情境微写作 Activity1单句写作 1.Lisa承担起了负责班级花园项目的责任。 (in charge of) 2.她坚定地承诺要让它变得美丽。(commitment) She 3.一场猛烈的风暴毫无预警地袭来。 without warning. 4.瞬间，花园一片混乱。(instantly) 5.同学们情绪低落，觉得他们所有的努力都白 费了。(asif) The classmates feeling as though all their hard work had come to nothing. 6.Lisa并没有让他们失去希望。 Lisa 7.她把大家召集在一起，重新栽种那些受损的 花朵。 She to replant the damaged ones. 8.当老师们看到重新修建的花园时，他们露出 了满意的笑容，看着Lisa,仿佛她是一个小 英雄。(approve,asif) When the teachers saw the rebuilt garden,they looking at Lisa 9.通过这次经历，Lisa明白了挫折并不能阻止 她成长。 Through this,Lisa learned that setbacks Activity2选取上面至少4个句子组成一篇 不少于80词的“个人成长”的读后续写片段（注 意使用恰当的衔接词) B级I能力素养提升练 V.阅读理解 A (2025山东潍坊高二月考) In movies and books,people often describe a decisive moment when they figure out who they are.However,I never thought it actually happened in real life.I never expected to have a“moment”of my own.When it arrived,mine was much more powerful than I could have ever imagined. During the spring of my junior year,my class watched a documentary called "The Invisible Children."It was about three college students who take a trip to Africa and document their experience.At first the film 2 was slightly humorous.However,once the group arrived in northern Uganda,the mood changed.They learned what the consequences of a 23-year war had been for thousands of children.Some had lost family and friends, while others were caught by the opposing force and became child soldiers. Before long,I was sobbing.I couldn't believe these things were happening,yet at the same time I knew they were.I just hadn't been paying attention,for in the past 17 years,I was blessedly protected.When the movie ended,I couldn't get it out of my head.For the next week,I was not myself.Every bite of food I took made me think of Grace,the 15-year-old who had little to eat.When I went to bed,I pictured Sunday,the 14-year-old boy sleeping on a straw mat on the ground in a camp.My whole world shifted. Since that day,I haven't been able to picture my future in a way that doesn't involve going to Africa and doing what I can to help. Ultimately,this is why I decided to major in engineering.With an engineering degree,my potential for change will be limitless.I will build wells and schools,and design irrigation systems.Engineering is tough,but I know-in what Yeats called“my deep heart's call'”-that this is what I'm supposed to do with my life. 1.How did the author think of a decisive moment at first? A.It was impossible. B.It was unforgettable. C.It was common. D.It was powerful. 2.How does the movie influence the author? A.It amused him. B.It changed his perspectives of life. C.It made him unsure of himself. D.It made him lose the desire to eat or sleep. 3.Why does the author choose to study engineering? A.To achieve his goal. B.To be well acknowledged. C.To challenge himself. D.To realize his childhood dream. 4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Celebrity. B.Health. C.Education. D.Science. B My phone rang after I boarded a plane.It was my PhD adviser calling to tell me there were identified flaws in the paper I had just published in Nature.My stomach dropped as he told me the authors of the critique(评论) were demanding a retraction(撤▣).That day I spent the 16-hour flight processing a mix of emotionsdisbelief,embarrassment,frustration. After the plane landed,I immediately read the critique myself,which was harsh and thorough,pointing out several fundamental flaws in our methods and in the basic data.The fallout was swift and intense.I received a flood of emails and messages.Some were from supportive colleagues,but many were harshly critical of my work.I was depressed,wondering what this would mean for my career. I wrote a response,correcting the apparent errors in the data set.When it became clear that the retraction was unavoidable,I formally offered my resignation to my department head.He didn't accept it,saying a resignation wasn't needed considering the errors in the paper were honest mistakes. The experience helped me grow as a scientist.I know it is better to be open and accountable,even if it means admitting mistakes.I can't expect myself to know everything as a scientist and my work will be stronger if I seek out diverse expertise and opinions. The reality is that retractions are a necessary part of the scientific process-and one that shouldn't be viewed only through a negative lens.Retractions can also be an opportunity to learn and improve.Honest mistakes happen,and researchers should be encouraged,not punished,for doing the right thing and retracting flawed work. 5.What happened to the author before the plane took off? A.He was filled with a mix of negative emotions. B.His career was influenced by the errors in his paper. 知识无 一、重点单词 1.decisive adj. 2.blessedly adv. 3.flaw n. 4.harsh adj. 5.thorough adj. 6.swift adj 7.resignation n. 二、熟词生义 1.document 本文义：v. 其他义：n. 2.process本文义：v. 其他义：n. C.His published paper was retracted because of some flaws. D.He was informed some errors were found in his published paper. 6.What does the underlined word“fallout'”in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Consequence. B.Conflict. C.Solution. D.Shame. 7.Why was the author's resignation refused? A.He admitted the mistakes frankly. B.He treated the mistakes seriously. C.He made the mistakes unintentionally. D.He corrected the mistakes carefully. 8.Which words can best describe the author? A.Bold and strict. B.Humble and responsible. C.Open and critical. D.Ambitious and hardworking. 只累卡 三、词块速记 1.the opposing force 2.major in engineering 3.board a plane 4.a flood of emails and messages 四、经典句式背诵 My stomach dropped as he told me the authors of the critique(评论)were demanding a retraction(撤回).（读后续写之心理描写） 句意： 答案见P352 4