精品解析：河北省廊坊贺阳高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

绝密★启用前 2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试 考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Children’s Art Competitions Campus Art Competition This global competition invites students aged 3-19 from hundreds of schools to create artworks in various media to explore the theme (主题) “Campus Life”. The deadline for entries is July 31, 2024. Amazon voucher (消费券) prizes range from £20 to £100 for individual, pair. and class winners. Each school can hand in up to ten entries. Tabernacle Art Competition Held annually (一年一次地) at MOMA Machynlleth in Wales, it challenges artists to hand in a new piece inspired by the theme “On a Windy Day”. Two age groups — ages 12-17 and under 11. Entries close on June 14, 2024, with cash prizes of £100 for the older group and £50 for the younger group. There is a £5 entry fee for those under 18. Ocean Awareness Competition Now in its 13th year, this U. S. -based competition aims to address the climate problems through art created by 11-18-year-olds worldwide. The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. Cash prizes range from £1, 000 for Gold to £100 for Honorable Mention. The theme for 2024 is “Tell Your Climate Story”, encouraging children to share their personal experiences and insights about the changing climate. Flair Open Art Prize It is an opportunity for 13-16-year-olds in the UK to express their identity through art. The theme, “Identity”, encourages exploration of “Who am I? ” and “This is Me. ” Entries can be paintings or photographs. Winners will be awarded a Macbook Pro. Children must hand in a photo of their artwork and a short statement explaining its significance. The deadline is to be announced. 1. Which competition offers the highest cash prize valued at £100? A. Campus Art Competition. B. Tabernacle Art Competition. C. Ocean Awareness Competition. D. Flair Open Art Prize. 2. What is special about the Flair Open Art Prize? A. It includes two age groups. B. Its deadline for entries is unknown. C. It belongs to a global competition. D. It is hosted annually in the United States. 3. What is the common requirement for the four art competitions? A. Entry fee should be paid. B. A written statement is needed. C. A specific theme must be followed. D. The artworks must be delivered in person. B When I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic, I often took weekend trips to explore the countryside of neighboring cities. One particular weekend, I took a three-hour bus ride to visit a nearby city. Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight. After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6:15 bus back to Prague. However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus. Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5:15. This caused a serious problem for me. About a month earlier, I had fallen victim to a pickpocketing (扒窃) incident, losing around 8100. To prevent a similar occurrence, I only caried enough cash to cover my daily expenses. With only 9 crowns left in my pocket, I thought if no hotel charged less than 9 crowns, spending the night on a park bench would be my only choice — an uncomfortable idea for a man in his late 60s. After careful consideration, I went into a hotel to try my luck. Naturally, I assumed it would cost more than 9 crowns. I approached the manager, shared my story with her, and made a request. I proposed that if I could spend the night there, I would give her 9 crowns as payment and mail the remaining amount to her the next day. To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room. Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free. Eventually, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, not on a cold, hard park bench. Upon my return to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her kindness. She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界) . 4. What was the author’s original plan for his weekend trip? A. Exploring rural transportation tools. B. Going one-day countryside sightseeing. C. Practicing speaking the Czech language. D. Enjoying local food and accommodation. 5. What problem did the author meet with during his trip? A. Having his money stolen. B. Failing to find a good hotel. C. Missing the last return bus. D. Finding it difficult to communicate. 6. What might the author think of the manager of the hotel? A. Open-minded and sociable. B. Optimistic and confident. C. Generous and considerate. D. Hard-working and responsible. 7. What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience? A. Who laughs last laughs best. B. What goes around comes around C. Emergencies come in all forms and times. D. Kindness goes beyond cultural boundaries. C As Earth’s climate continues to change, a plant’s ability to adapt to its changing environment is important to its survival. Often, to stay alive, a plant must move locations by releasing its seeds, but plants are rooted in the ground and cannot move themselves. Instead, they are dependent on animals or the wind to carry their seeds to a new location. Playing an essential part in an ecosystem (生态系统), plants create resources like food and medicine for us human beings. A team of researchers developed the model to better understand how plants can stay resiliency (韧性) when facing challenges like climate change. “Once seeds are released from a plant, we wanted to know how far they can go because as wind conditions shake, the seeds will be moved around differently because of various weights, sizes, and shapes,” says Binbin Wang, an assistant professor at the University of Missouri. Changes in one part of the ecosystem can create a “snowball effect” on other parts. That’s why understanding seed spread is important. Plants can only make this move once during their life — as a seed, says Lauren Sullivan, an assistant professor at Michigan State University. “Understanding how plants move as seeds year-round is important for us to analyze how they’ll be able to handle climate change,” Sullivan says. “This movement is also important for how we can increase diversity (多样性) in the ecosystem.” “We’re now able to partner with researchers. This innovative approach can help us develop accurate models that are simple enough to make good predictions in a short time.” The model, which makes predictions based on seed and plant type, plant height, and wind speed, can develop an entire year’s worth of predictive data in just one or two days. As part of their future work, the team will develop educational programming for K-12 and college students. For example, they will provide opportunities for college students to explore how different disciplines, such as agriculture, biological sciences, and engineering, can work together to solve different real-world problems. 8. Why did the researchers develop the model? A. To learn how plants handle challenges like climate change. B. To find out what helps seeds travel to different places. C. To study the effects climate change has on plants. D. To create more food and medicine resources. 9. Which of the following may not influence how far a seed can travel according to Binbin Wang? A. Its weight. B. Its location. C. Its size. D. Its shape. 10. What can we learn about the “movement” of plants from paragraph 4 and 5? A. It is caused by the change of the climate. B It can happen during the whole life of a plant. C. It has an effect on other parts of the ecosystem. D. It’s hard to be predicted for the diversity of ecosystem. 11. What do the researchers plan to do next? A. Explore different disciplines for college students. B. Work together to solve different real-world problems. C. Develop educational programming for students to explore. D. Make valuable predictions about the type and height of the plants. D A tiny crack (裂缝) grew in a very small piece of metal when placed under repetitive stretching. The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while. But then, something unexpected happened. The crack stopped growing and instead began to get shorter, effectively “healing (愈合)” itself. This incredible observation was made by a group of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories. The findings were recently published in the journal Nature. It would be reasonable to think, prior to this discovery, that self-healing metal was something that could only be found in science fiction. However, Dr. Michael Demkowicz, a professor in Texas A&M University’s materials science and engineering department and co-author of the recent study, held no such assumptions. Ten years ago, while an assistant professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s materials science and engineering department, Demkowicz and his student predicted self-healing in metals. “We didn’t set out to find healing. My student, Guoxiang Xu, was doing experiments on fracture (断裂),” Demkowicz said. “We accidentally observed healing in one of his experiments and decided to follow up.” Then, just like now, the results in 2013 were surprising. Both the 2013 models and the recent experiment used nanocrystalline (纳米晶体) metals, which make studying self-healing easier because their small grain size allows for more microstructural features that even small cracks can interact with. Demkowicz said that these features are common in many metals. One condition common to both the 2013 theory and the recent experiment is that both were conducted in vacuum environments without foreign matter. Such outside matter could influence crack surfaces’ ability to bond back together. Even with this limitation, applications could still be possible for space faring technology or internal cracks that are not exposed to outside air. “The main impact of the current work is to move the original theoretical prediction off the drawing board and show that it occurs in reality,” Demkowicz said. Potential applications of this work could vary widely. Demkowicz suggests that self-healing could be possible in conventional metals with larger grain sizes, but future investigations will be needed. 12. What was the recent experiment aimed at? A. Challenging a former mistaken theory. B. Learning about crack growth in metals. C. Proving what happens in science fiction. D. Studying the uses of various metals. 13. How does the author develop the fourth paragraph? A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing causes. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting ideas. 14 What is Demkowicz’s suggestion? A. Constantly changing the research environment. B. Paying much attention to the original theories. C. Learning drawing skills from different masters. D. Further researching the metals with larger grain sizes. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Were Shocked by Self-Healing in Metals B. Personal Achievements of Dr. Michael Demkowicz C. The Latest Developments in Science and Technology D. The New Applications of Metals Were Found by Scientists 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Learning English can be hard but don’t give up! With enough practice and right ways, you can learn the language well. ____16____. Watch movies and TV shows in English. ____17____. This will make it more fun, which will help you actually learn English. However, you should avoid watching movies or television shows with subtitles (字幕) in your native language — they will take your attention away and you will be less likely to learn English from it. Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English. ____18____. Find something you like — whether that’s a famous English novel or a fashion magazine — and read it. Try to understand what you’re reading. Mark words that you don’t know, and look them up in the dictionary. ____19____. Aside from reading and listening in English, you should also spend some time improving your written English skills. Writing in English will help you to work on your sentence structure (句型), grammar and spelling. Try keeping an English diary where you write down a few sentences every day. It doesn’t have to be personal — you could write about the weather, or what you ate for dinner. Find a pen-pal (笔友) who is a native English speaker. Once your written English has improved, you could consider getting an English-speaking pen-pal! Your pen-pal could be a native English speaker who wants to practice their foreign language skills by writing to you in your native language. Meanwhile you can talk with your pen-pal in English. ____20____. A. Keep a diary in English B. Here are some tips for you C. Develop good speaking and writing skills D. Studying a language is not just for your future E. Reading is a great way to improve your English F. In this way you can learn more about each other G. Try to pick movies or TV shows that you will enjoy 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） My mother turned ninety. I knew I needed to find a senior ___21___ center. Not for her — for me. If I were at her age, I would want to stay in shape to ___22___ life, getting a lot of pleasure. Yes, walking in local parks was my ___23___, but I wasn’t so active as before. I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___24___ for seniors?” “Sure. Come and check us out! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and ___25___. The next morning, I went there. One part of me was ___26___ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good. The other part feared it was too hard for me to ___27___. When I came into the room, a woman ___28___ me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often ___29___ in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a member there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most gave the exercises their own ______30______, doing as much or little as they could. ______31______ no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only ______32______ there. During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were ______33______ we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill. I ______34______ to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped. Still, I’m grateful for things more valuable from the class — close friendships and new social ______35______. 21. A. leisure B. fitness C. community D. learning 22. A. change B. remember C. wait D. enjoy 23. A. exercise B. aim C. challenge D. plan 24. A. attached B. familiar C. suitable D. important 25. A. comforted B. invited C. promised D. welcomed 26. A. sure B. disappointed C. anxious D. hopeful 27 A. make up for B. look down on C. get down to D. keep up with 28. A. greeted B. recognized C. helped D. introduced 29. A. relax B. pull C. work D. use 30. A. acceptance B. agreement C. understanding D. conclusion 31. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Surprisingly 32. A. problem B. contribution C. standard D. focus 33. A. lonely B. absent C. unhappy D. tired 34. A. fail B. manage C. try D. continue 35. A. backgrounds B. connections C. skills D. duties 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary. A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines. Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化(Exploring Chinese Culture)”的课外活动。他给你写信想征询你的建议，请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1．活动建议及理由； 2．鼓励与祝愿。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write. He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again “WRITING COMPETITION!” His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays. As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing. Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story. The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet. Then he heard the call from his mother saying it was time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write about. Finally, he finished. The word count then read “498”. “Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win. He searched for the competition online. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read “COMPETITION CLOSED”. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右； 2. 续写部分的开头语已为你写好。 After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His mother came up and comforted him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试 考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Children’s Art Competitions Campus Art Competition This global competition invites students aged 3-19 from hundreds of schools to create artworks in various media to explore the theme (主题) “Campus Life”. The deadline for entries is July 31, 2024. Amazon voucher (消费券) prizes range from £20 to £100 for individual, pair. and class winners. Each school can hand in up to ten entries. Tabernacle Art Competition Held annually (一年一次地) at MOMA Machynlleth in Wales, it challenges artists to hand in a new piece inspired by the theme “On a Windy Day”. Two age groups — ages 12-17 and under 11. Entries close on June 14, 2024, with cash prizes of £100 for the older group and £50 for the younger group. There is a £5 entry fee for those under 18. Ocean Awareness Competition Now in its 13th year, this U. S. -based competition aims to address the climate problems through art created by 11-18-year-olds worldwide. The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. Cash prizes range from £1, 000 for Gold to £100 for Honorable Mention. The theme for 2024 is “Tell Your Climate Story”, encouraging children to share their personal experiences and insights about the changing climate. Flair Open Art Prize It is an opportunity for 13-16-year-olds in the UK to express their identity through art. The theme, “Identity”, encourages exploration of “Who am I? ” and “This is Me. ” Entries can be paintings or photographs. Winners will be awarded a Macbook Pro. Children must hand in a photo of their artwork and a short statement explaining its significance. The deadline is to be announced. 1. Which competition offers the highest cash prize valued at £100? A. Campus Art Competition. B. Tabernacle Art Competition. C. Ocean Awareness Competition. D. Flair Open Art Prize. 2. What is special about the Flair Open Art Prize? A. It includes two age groups. B. Its deadline for entries is unknown. C. It belongs to a global competition. D. It is hosted annually in the United States. 3. What is the common requirement for the four art competitions? A. Entry fee should be paid. B. A written statement is needed. C. A specific theme must be followed. D. The artworks must be delivered in person. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了全球四项儿童艺术比赛，包括比赛名称、举办时间、地点、参赛对象、主题以及奖项设置等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tabernacle Art Competition部分中“Entries close on June 14, 2024, with cash prizes of £100 for the older group and £50 for the younger group. (2024年6月14日截止报名，老年组奖金为100英镑，小年组奖金为50英镑。)”可知，在Tabernacle Art Competition中，12-17岁的年龄组的现金奖励为£100，而11岁以下的年轻组为£50，所以Tabernacle Art Competition提供的最高现金奖励是£100。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Campus Art Competition部分中“The deadline for entries is July 31(报名截止日期为7月31日)”以及Tabernacle Art Competition部分中“Entries close on June 14(报名截止日期为6月14日)”以及Ocean Awareness Competition部分中“The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. (报名截止日期是2024年6月10日。)”，同时，根据Flair Open Art Prize部分中“The deadline is to be announced.( 截止日期即将宣布。)”可知，Flair Open Art Prize的特别之处在于其截止日期未被公布，这与其他三个竞赛不同，它们都提供了明确的截止日期。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Campus Art Competition部分中“This global competition invites students aged 3-19 from hundreds of schools to create artworks in various media to explore the theme (主题) “Campus Life”.( 这项全球竞赛邀请来自数百所学校的3-19岁的学生用各种媒体创作艺术作品，探索“校园生活”的主题。)”以及Tabernacle Art Competition部分中“Held annually (一年一次地) at MOMA Machynlleth in Wales, it challenges artists to hand in a new piece inspired by the theme “On a Windy Day”. (该活动每年在威尔士的现代艺术博物馆(MOMA Machynlleth)举行，挑战艺术家们提交一件以“刮风的日子”为主题的新作品。)”以及Ocean Awareness Competition部分中“The theme for 2024 is “Tell Your Climate Story”, encouraging children to share their personal experiences and insights about the changing climate.( 2024年的主题是“讲述你的气候故事”，鼓励孩子们分享他们对气候变化的个人经历和见解。)”以及Flair Open Art Prize部分中“The theme, “Identity”, encourages exploration of “Who am I? ” and “This is Me. ” (主题为“身份”，鼓励人们探索“我是谁?”和“这就是我。”)”可知，四个艺术比赛的共同要求是必须遵循特定的主题。故选C。 B When I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic, I often took weekend trips to explore the countryside of neighboring cities. One particular weekend, I took a three-hour bus ride to visit a nearby city. Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight. After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6:15 bus back to Prague. However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus. Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5:15. This caused a serious problem for me. About a month earlier, I had fallen victim to a pickpocketing (扒窃) incident, losing around 8100. To prevent a similar occurrence, I only caried enough cash to cover my daily expenses. With only 9 crowns left in my pocket, I thought if no hotel charged less than 9 crowns, spending the night on a park bench would be my only choice — an uncomfortable idea for a man in his late 60s. After careful consideration, I went into a hotel to try my luck. Naturally, I assumed it would cost more than 9 crowns. I approached the manager, shared my story with her, and made a request. I proposed that if I could spend the night there, I would give her 9 crowns as payment and mail the remaining amount to her the next day. To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room. Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free. Eventually, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, not on a cold, hard park bench. Upon my return to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her kindness. She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界) . 4. What was the author’s original plan for his weekend trip? A. Exploring rural transportation tools. B. Going one-day countryside sightseeing. C. Practicing speaking the Czech language. D. Enjoying local food and accommodation. 5. What problem did the author meet with during his trip? A Having his money stolen. B. Failing to find a good hotel. C. Missing the last return bus. D. Finding it difficult to communicate. 6. What might the author think of the manager of the hotel? A. Open-minded and sociable. B. Optimistic and confident. C. Generous and considerate. D. Hard-working and responsible. 7. What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience? A. Who laughs last laughs best. B. What goes around comes around C. Emergencies come in all forms and times. D. Kindness goes beyond cultural boundaries. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在捷克共和国的一次周末旅行中遭遇的意外情况及由此感受到的人间善意。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight. (下车前，我查看了一下返回布拉格的时刻表；我只计划一日游，不打算过夜。)”可知，作者原本计划进行一次为期一天的乡村观光旅行。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6: 15 bus back to Prague. However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus. Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5: 15. This caused a serious problem for me. (愉快地游览了一天之后，我去汽车站赶6点15分的车回布拉格。然而，一到车站，我发现没有人排队等公共汽车。尽管有语言障碍，我还是从手势和表情中推断出，当天最后一班公交车已经在5点15分离开了。这给我带来了一个严重的问题。)”可知，作者遇到了错过末班返程巴士的问题。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room. Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free. (令我大为惊讶的是，经理说欢迎我留下来，而且她会接受我口袋里的钱作为房间的全额付款。此外，她还给我提供了一顿免费的美餐。)”可知，酒店经理慷慨且考虑周到。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界). (她提醒我，善良是一种国际特征，没有国界。)”可知，我们能从作者的经历中学到的是：善良超越了文化界限。故选D。 C As Earth’s climate continues to change, a plant’s ability to adapt to its changing environment is important to its survival. Often, to stay alive, a plant must move locations by releasing its seeds, but plants are rooted in the ground and cannot move themselves. Instead, they are dependent on animals or the wind to carry their seeds to a new location. Playing an essential part in an ecosystem (生态系统), plants create resources like food and medicine for us human beings. A team of researchers developed the model to better understand how plants can stay resiliency (韧性) when facing challenges like climate change. “Once seeds are released from a plant, we wanted to know how far they can go because as wind conditions shake, the seeds will be moved around differently because of various weights, sizes, and shapes,” says Binbin Wang, an assistant professor at the University of Missouri. Changes in one part of the ecosystem can create a “snowball effect” on other parts. That’s why understanding seed spread is important. Plants can only make this move once during their life — as a seed, says Lauren Sullivan, an assistant professor at Michigan State University. “Understanding how plants move as seeds year-round is important for us to analyze how they’ll be able to handle climate change,” Sullivan says. “This movement is also important for how we can increase diversity (多样性) in the ecosystem.” “We’re now able to partner with researchers. This innovative approach can help us develop accurate models that are simple enough to make good predictions in a short time.” The model, which makes predictions based on seed and plant type, plant height, and wind speed, can develop an entire year’s worth of predictive data in just one or two days. As part of their future work, the team will develop educational programming for K-12 and college students. For example, they will provide opportunities for college students to explore how different disciplines, such as agriculture, biological sciences, and engineering, can work together to solve different real-world problems. 8. Why did the researchers develop the model? A. To learn how plants handle challenges like climate change. B. To find out what helps seeds travel to different places. C. To study the effects climate change has on plants. D. To create more food and medicine resources. 9. Which of the following may not influence how far a seed can travel according to Binbin Wang? A. Its weight. B. Its location. C. Its size. D. Its shape. 10. What can we learn about the “movement” of plants from paragraph 4 and 5? A. It is caused by the change of the climate. B. It can happen during the whole life of a plant. C. It has an effect on other parts of the ecosystem. D. It’s hard to be predicted for the diversity of ecosystem. 11. What do the researchers plan to do next? A. Explore different disciplines for college students. B. Work together to solve different real-world problems. C. Develop educational programming for students to explore. D. Make valuable predictions about the type and height of the plants. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了植物是如何在不同情况下散播种子的。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘Understanding how plants move as seeds year-round is important for us to analyze how they’ll be able to handle climate change,’ Sullivan says. ‘This movement is also important for how we can increase diversity (多样性) in the ecosystem.’(‘了解植物如何全年作为种子移动，对我们分析它们如何应对气候变化很重要。’Sullivan说。‘这一运动对于我们如何增加生态系统的多样性也很重要。’)”可知，研究人员开发模型是为了了解植物如何应对气候变化等挑战。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“the seeds will be moved around differently because of various weights, sizes, and shapes(由于种子的重量、大小和形状不同，它们会以不同的方式移动)”可知，种子的位置不会影响传播距离，故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Changes in one part of the ecosystem can create a ‘snowball effect’ on other parts. That’s why understanding seed spread is important.(生态系统一部分的变化会对其他部分产生‘滚雪球效应’。这就是为什么了解种子的传播是很重要的)”可知，植物的“运动”对生态系统的其他部分也有影响，故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the team will develop educational programming for K-12 and college students. For example, they will provide opportunities for college students to explore how different disciplines(该团队将为K-12和大学生开发教育项目。例如，他们将为大学生提供探索不同学科的机会)”可知，研究人员计划开发教育项目供学生探索，故选C。 D A tiny crack (裂缝) grew in a very small piece of metal when placed under repetitive stretching. The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while. But then, something unexpected happened. The crack stopped growing and instead began to get shorter, effectively “healing (愈合)” itself. This incredible observation was made by a group of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories. The findings were recently published in the journal Nature. It would be reasonable to think, prior to this discovery, that self-healing metal was something that could only be found in science fiction. However, Dr. Michael Demkowicz, a professor in Texas A&M University’s materials science and engineering department and co-author of the recent study, held no such assumptions. Ten years ago, while an assistant professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s materials science and engineering department, Demkowicz and his student predicted self-healing in metals. “We didn’t set out to find healing. My student, Guoxiang Xu, was doing experiments on fracture (断裂),” Demkowicz said. “We accidentally observed healing in one of his experiments and decided to follow up.” Then, just like now, the results in 2013 were surprising. Both the 2013 models and the recent experiment used nanocrystalline (纳米晶体) metals, which make studying self-healing easier because their small grain size allows for more microstructural features that even small cracks can interact with. Demkowicz said that these features are common in many metals. One condition common to both the 2013 theory and the recent experiment is that both were conducted in vacuum environments without foreign matter. Such outside matter could influence crack surfaces’ ability to bond back together. Even with this limitation, applications could still be possible for space faring technology or internal cracks that are not exposed to outside air. “The main impact of the current work is to move the original theoretical prediction off the drawing board and show that it occurs in reality,” Demkowicz said. Potential applications of this work could vary widely. Demkowicz suggests that self-healing could be possible in conventional metals with larger grain sizes, but future investigations will be needed. 12. What was the recent experiment aimed at? A. Challenging a former mistaken theory. B. Learning about crack growth in metals. C. Proving what happens in science fiction. D. Studying the uses of various metals. 13. How does the author develop the fourth paragraph? A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing causes. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting ideas. 14. What is Demkowicz’s suggestion? A. Constantly changing the research environment. B. Paying much attention to the original theories. C. Learning drawing skills from different masters. D. Further researching the metals with larger grain sizes. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Were Shocked by Self-Healing in Metals B. Personal Achievements of Dr. Michael Demkowicz C. The Latest Developments in Science and Technology D. The New Applications of Metals Were Found by Scientists 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是科学家们发现金属也可以自我修复，并对此感到惊讶。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while.(这项旨在研究裂纹扩展的实验，如预期的那样持续了一段时间)” 可知，最近的这个实验的目的是了解金属中的裂纹扩展。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Both the 2013 models and the recent experiment used nanocrystalline (纳米晶体) metals, which make studying self-healing easier because their small grain size allows for more microstructural features that even small cracks can interact with. Demkowicz said that these features are common in many metals. One condition common to both the 2013 theory and the recent experiment is that both were conducted in vacuum environments without foreign matter. Such outside matter could influence crack surfaces’ ability to bond back together.(2013年的模型和最近的实验都使用了纳米晶金属，这使得研究自愈变得更容易，因为它们的小晶粒尺寸允许更多的微观结构特征，即使是小裂缝也可以相互作用。Demkowicz说，这些特征在许多金属中都很常见。2013年的理论和最近的实验都有一个共同的条件，那就是它们都是在没有异物的真空环境中进行的。这些外部物质可能会影响裂纹表面粘合在一起的能力)”可推断，本段主要是通过作比较的方式展开内容的。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Demkowicz suggests that self-healing could be possible in conventional metals with larger grain sizes, but future investigations will be needed.(Demkowicz认为，在晶粒尺寸较大的传统金属中，自我修复是可能的，但还需要进一步的研究)”可知，Demkowicz建议进一步研究晶粒度较大的金属。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A tiny crack (裂缝) grew in a very small piece of metal when placed under repetitive stretching. The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while. But then, something unexpected happened. The crack stopped growing and instead began to get shorter, effectively “healing (愈合)” itself. This incredible observation was made by a group of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories. The findings were recently published in the journal Nature.(在反复拉伸的情况下，一小块金属上会出现一条微小的裂缝。这项旨在研究裂纹扩展的实验，如预期的那样持续了一段时间。但是，意想不到的事情发生了。裂缝不再扩大，反而开始变短，有效地“愈合”了自己。这个令人难以置信的观察结果是由桑迪亚国家实验室的一组研究人员得出的。研究结果最近发表在《自然》杂志上)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们发现金属也可以自我修复，并对此感到惊讶。A选项“科学家对金属的自我修复能力感到震惊”符合标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Learning English can be hard, but don’t give up! With enough practice and right ways, you can learn the language well. ____16____. Watch movies and TV shows in English. ____17____. This will make it more fun, which will help you actually learn English. However, you should avoid watching movies or television shows with subtitles (字幕) in your native language — they will take your attention away and you will be less likely to learn English from it. Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English. ____18____. Find something you like — whether that’s a famous English novel or a fashion magazine — and read it. Try to understand what you’re reading. Mark words that you don’t know, and look them up in the dictionary. ____19____. Aside from reading and listening in English, you should also spend some time improving your written English skills. Writing in English will help you to work on your sentence structure (句型), grammar and spelling. Try keeping an English diary where you write down a few sentences every day. It doesn’t have to be personal — you could write about the weather, or what you ate for dinner. Find a pen-pal (笔友) who is a native English speaker. Once your written English has improved, you could consider getting an English-speaking pen-pal! Your pen-pal could be a native English speaker who wants to practice their foreign language skills by writing to you in your native language. Meanwhile you can talk with your pen-pal in English. ____20____. A. Keep a diary in English B. Here are some tips for you C. Develop good speaking and writing skills D. Studying a language is not just for your future E. Reading is a great way to improve your English F. In this way you can learn more about each other G. Try to pick movies or TV shows that you will enjoy 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些学好英语的方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“Learning English can be hard, but don’t give up! With enough practice and right ways, you can learn the language well.(学习英语可能很难，但不要放弃！只要有足够的练习和正确的方法，你就能很好地学习这门语言。)”可知，这里讲通过练习和方法，我们可以很好地学习英语。而B项“Here are some tips for you(这里有一些建议给你)”符合语境，选项中some tips与上文right ways对应，且Here are有启下作用。故选B项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Watch movies and TV shows in English.(用英语看电影和电视节目)”和下文“This will make it more fun, which will help you actually learn English. However, you should avoid watching movies or television shows with subtitles (字幕) in your native language — they will take your attention away and you will be less likely to learn English from it.(这将使它更有趣，这将帮助你真正学习英语。然而，你应该避免看带有母语字幕的电影或电视节目——它们会转移你的注意力，你也不太可能从中学习英语。)”可知，这里介绍看电影和电视节目来学语言，而G项“Try to pick movies or TV shows that you will enjoy(试着挑选你喜欢的电影或电视节目)”符合语境，选项中movies or TV shows与下文 movies or television shows对应，有启下作用。故选G项。 【18题详解】 由上文“Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English.(阅读英文书籍、报纸或杂志)”和下文“Find something you like — whether that’s a famous English novel or a fashion magazine — and read it. Try to understand what you’re reading. Mark words that you don’t know, and look them up in the dictionary.(找一些你喜欢的东西——无论是一本著名的英语小说还是一本时尚杂志——读一读。试着理解你在读什么。把你不知道的单词标记出来，然后查字典。)”可知，这里指可以通过阅读来学语言，而E项“Reading is a great way to improve your English(阅读是提高英语水平的好方法)”符合语境，选项中Reading与上文Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English和下文English novel or a fashion magazine对应。故选E项。 【19题详解】 由下文“Aside from reading and listening in English, you should also spend some time improving your written English skills. Writing in English will help you to work on your sentence structure (句型), grammar and spelling. Try keeping an English diary where you write down a few sentences every day. It doesn’t have to be personal — you could write about the weather, or what you ate for dinner.(除了英语阅读和听力，你还应该花一些时间来提高你的英语写作能力。用英语写作将帮助你学习句子结构、语法和拼写。试着写一本英语日记，每天写几句话。这不一定是针对个人的——你可以写下天气，或者你晚餐吃了什么。)”可知，这里指通过写作提高语言学习。而A项“Keep a diary in English(记日记)”符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Your pen-pal could be a native English speaker who wants to practice their foreign language skills by writing to you in your native language. Meanwhile you can talk with your pen-pal in English. (你的笔友可能是以英语为母语的人，他想用你的母语给你写信来练习他们的外语技能。同时你可以和你的笔友用英语交谈。)”可知，上文讲写信与笔友交流可以帮助你更好学习语言的好处。而F项“In this way you can learn more about each other(通过这种方式，你可以更多地了解彼此)”符合语境，讲的也是益处，选项中each other指代上文you和your pen-pal。故选F项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） My mother turned ninety. I knew I needed to find a senior ___21___ center. Not for her — for me. If I were at her age, I would want to stay in shape to ___22___ life, getting a lot of pleasure. Yes, walking in local parks was my ___23___, but I wasn’t so active as before. I called a nearby center “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___24___ for seniors?” “Sure. Come and check us out! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and ___25___. The next morning, I went there. One part of me was ___26___ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good. The other part feared it was too hard for me to ___27___. When I came into the room, a woman ___28___ me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often ___29___ in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a member there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most gave the exercises their own ______30______, doing as much or little as they could. ______31______ no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only ______32______ there. During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were ______33______ we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill. I ______34______ to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped. Still, I’m grateful for things more valuable from the class — close friendships and new social ______35______. 21. A. leisure B. fitness C. community D. learning 22. A. change B. remember C. wait D. enjoy 23. A. exercise B. aim C. challenge D. plan 24. A. attached B. familiar C. suitable D. important 25. A. comforted B. invited C. promised D. welcomed 26. A. sure B. disappointed C. anxious D. hopeful 27. A. make up for B. look down on C. get down to D. keep up with 28. A. greeted B. recognized C. helped D. introduced 29. A. relax B. pull C. work D. use 30. A. acceptance B. agreement C. understanding D. conclusion 31. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Surprisingly 32. A. problem B. contribution C. standard D. focus 33. A. lonely B. absent C. unhappy D. tired 34. A. fail B. manage C. try D. continue 35. A. backgrounds B. connections C. skills D. duties 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了自己在老年时能够保持身体健康和活力，而寻找并加入了一家老年健身中心的经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要找一个老年人健身中心。A. leisure闲暇；B. fitness健康、适合；C. community社区；D. learning学习。根据下文“I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___4___ for seniors?””可知，作者是想找个地方健身。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我在她这个年纪，我会想要保持体形，享受生活，获得很多乐趣。A. change改变；B. remember记得；C. wait等；D. enjoy喜欢。根据下文“getting a lot of pleasure”可知，作者是想享受生活，获得乐趣。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是的，在当地的公园散步是我的锻炼，但我不像以前那么活跃了。A. exercise运动；B. aim目的；C. challenge挑战；D. plan计划。根据空前的“walking in local parks”可知，这是作者的锻炼方式。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给附近的健身中心，“你们有适合老年人的有氧运动课程吗？”A. attached附加的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. suitable适合的；D. important重要的。根据下文““Sure. Come and check us out! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied”以及常识可知，作者打电话是询问是否有适合老年人的运动。故选C。 25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当然。快来看看我们！我们上午10点开始，”接待员回答并邀请。A. comforted安慰；B. invited邀请；C. promised承诺；D. welcomed欢迎。根据上文 “Come and check us out! We start at 10 am”可知，这位接待员是对作者发出邀请，让作者前往健身中心看看。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一方面，我担心这门课太简单了，对我没有任何好处。A. sure确信；B. disappointed失望的；C. anxious担忧的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据空后的“the class was too easy, not doing me any good”以及下文的“fear”可知，空处指的是作者的担心。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一部分我担心我很难跟上。A. make up for弥补；B. look down on瞧不起；C. get down to着手；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文的“One part of me was ___6___ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good.”可推测，本句与上文的内容是相反的；上句指的是作者担心课程太简单，由此可知，本句指的是另一方面作者又担心课程太难自己跟不上。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进房间时，一位女士向我打招呼：“哦，你是新来的。欢迎。”A. greeted迎接、问候；B. recognized认出；C. helped帮助；D. introduced介绍。根据空后的““Oh, you’re new. Welcome.””可知，这位女士是在和作者打招呼。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：长达一小时的锻炼唤醒了我在日常散步中不常使用的肌肉，非常适合我。A. relax放松；B. pull拉；C. work工作；D. use使用。根据空前的“the muscles”以及上文“Yes, walking in local parks was my ___3___, but I wasn’t so active as before.”可知，空处指的是作者在平常的散步中不常使用肌肉。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人给出了自己的理解，尽可能多做或少做。A. acceptance认可、接受；B. agreement同意、一致；C. understanding理解；D. conclusion结论。根据下文“doing as much or little as they could”可知，作者的同学们可以根据自己对自己的了解，选择适量的运动。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是没有人记分。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Naturally自然地；D. Surprisingly惊人地。根据下文的“no one kept score.”可知，这家老年健身中心的会员可以自行选择运动的量，没有人记分，作者觉得这是幸运的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我了解到身体健康并不是唯一的关注点。A. problem问题；B. contribution贡献；C. standard标准；D. focus焦点。根据下文“During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were _____13_____ we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill.”可知，这里的人们互相关心，互相陪伴，由此可知，身体健康并不是他们唯一的关注的。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当有人缺席时，我们就四处打听。A. lonely孤独的；B. absent缺席的；C. unhappy不高兴的；D. tired累的。根据下文“we asked around”可推测，有人缺席的时候，其他人都会打听情况。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在的状态不如我所希望的那样好。A. fail失败；B. manage设法做成；C. try尝试、尽力；D. continue持续。根据下文的“still”可推测，本句与下一句之间存在转折关系。由此可知，作者的状态并不如自己本希望的那样好。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是很感激这门课带给我的更有价值的东西——亲密的友谊和新的社会关系。A. backgrounds背景；B. connections联系；C. skills技能；D. duties职责。根据上文“During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were _____13_____ we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill.”可知，作者参加了老年健身中心后，和里面的其他人互相关心，互相陪伴，由此可知，作者认为自己有了新的社会关系。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary. A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines. Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored. 【答案】36. welcoming 37. As 38. whose 39. fell 40. a 41. to 42. popularity 43. commonly 44. be seen 45. endless 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了匈牙利女孩学习汉语的经历，同时在匈牙利，学习汉语的兴趣也越来越大。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Petofi的雕像矗立在上海鲁迅博物馆前的广场上，为中匈两国的传统友谊欢迎数百万游客。句中谓语是stands，空格处用非谓语动词，statue和welcome之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填welcoming。 【37题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，匈牙利人对学习汉语的兴趣越来越浓厚。as time went by意为“随着时间的推移”，as引导的是时间状语从句，因此空格处是as，位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：19岁的匈牙利女孩Varge Bonita，中文名胡令月，不远万里来到东方，在北京开始了她的大学生活，希望能更多地了解中国。空格处引导是非限制性定语从句，Varge Bonita和Chinese name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用关系代词whose表所属，故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：当她七岁第一次听到汉语时，她就爱上了汉语，这是一种“声调特别，字迹优美”的语言。由at the age of seven可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填fell。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当她七岁第一次听到汉语时，她就爱上了汉语，这是一种“声调特别，字迹优美”的语言。tone是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，special是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：对她来说，学习汉语不仅仅是掌握一门语言，而是了解中国5000年的历史，其中有很多有趣的方面。access to是固定短语，意为“接触”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利的普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。空格处用名词作宾语，popular的名词是popularity，意为“普及”，是不可数名词，故填popularity。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。空格处用副词commonly修饰动词spotted，commonly意为“通常地”，故填commonly。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利的普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。sb. be likely to do是固定短语，意为“某人可能做某事”，汉字是被看到，因此要用不定式的被动语态，空前有to，因此空格处是be seen。故填be seen。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有无限的可能性尚未被探索。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词possibilities，由which have not been explored可知，句子表示“有无限的可能性尚未被探索”，空格处意为“无限的”，形容词是endless。故填endless。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化(Exploring Chinese Culture)”的课外活动。他给你写信想征询你的建议，请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1．活动建议及理由； 2．鼓励与祝愿。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Noah, I’m glad to hear about your plan. I suggest you hold a Chinese culture exhibition. You can display traditional Chinese artworks like calligraphy and paintings, which can let students directly appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture. Also, inviting a Chinese teacher to give a lecture on Chinese history and philosophy would be great. This way, they can have a deeper understanding. Additionally, you could set up a section where students can try out traditional Chinese handicrafts such as paper-cutting and making Chinese knots. I believe this activity will be a huge success. Wish you all the best! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。要求考生给新西兰笔友Noah回信，就他策划的“探寻中国文化”课外活动给出建议，包括活动建议及理由，以及鼓励与祝愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad → delighted/happy 建议：suggest → advise/propose 传统的：traditional → conventional 另外：additionally → in addition/besides 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Also, inviting a Chinese teacher to give a lecture on Chinese history and philosophy would be great. 拓展句：Also, inviting a Chinese teacher, who is an expert in traditional culture, to give a lecture on Chinese history and philosophy would be great. 【点睛】[高分句型1] You can display traditional Chinese artworks like calligraphy and paintings, which can let students directly appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I believe this activity will be a huge success. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write. He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again “WRITING COMPETITION!” His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays. As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing. Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story. The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet. Then he heard the call from his mother saying it was time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write about. Finally, he finished. The word count then read “498”. “Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win. He searched for the competition online. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read “COMPETITION CLOSED”. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右； 2. 续写部分的开头语已为你写好。 After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His mother came up and comforted him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. Hardly had he opened the webpage when the capitalized letters COMPETITION CLOSED leapt into his eyes again. How could that be? The deadline was a week away. “No!!!” silent screams exploded inside him. He rubbed his eyes, got closer to the screen and fixed his eyes on the letters. The cruel capitalized letters just stood out as if naughtily winking at him. Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. Noticing Mom leaning against his room door gazing at him with affection, he couldn’t fight back tears of grievance, bursting out crying loudly. His mother came up and comforted him. “Dear, it’s OK. You’ve written an award-winning story which is original and imaginative. That’s the biggest gain in the process.” Mom said gently, patting him on the shoulder. Mom’s heartwarming comfort dispersed his shame, but still he regretted, “Mom, I should have started earlier and met the deadline! All my efforts have gone to waste.” As he recollected the struggle in choosing the topic and writing the imaginative story, mom wiped his tears, ruffled his hair and asked him to go to bed. Tossing and turning in bed, he was drawn to the fact that less procrastination, more satisfaction. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个男孩在写作比赛截止前一周才开始动笔，原本缺乏想象力的他突然灵感爆发，连夜赶稿，最终完成一篇自认为能获奖的故事，却发现比赛已结束。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几秒钟后，男孩急切地在网站上查看了比赛的截止日期。”可知，第一段可描写男孩发现自己不能参加比赛之后的反应和心情。 ②由第二段首句内容“他的母亲走过来安慰他。”可知，第二段可描写母亲安慰男孩以及男孩的感悟。 2. 续写线索：比赛停止——男孩委屈大哭——母亲安慰——男孩倾诉——男孩感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①盯着看：fix one’s eyes on/stare at ②眨眼：wink/blink ③驱散：disperse/dispel 情绪类 ①不情愿：unwilling/reluctant ②哭：burst out crying/burst into tears 【点睛】[高分句型1] Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. (由though引导的让步状语从句，倒装句和that引导的同位语从句) [高分句型2] You’ve written an award-winning story which is original and imaginative. (由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $