内容正文:
Unit 2
Amazing numbers
第二单元复习
英语沪教版八年级上册
Write down the words according to Chinese.
(1)日程安排
(2)挑战
(3)奖赏;奖励
(4)艺术的
(5)国际象棋;棋盘
(6)银
(7) 犹豫
(8) 同意;赞成
(9)百万
(10)预算
(11)省份
(12)计算; 总数
(13) 符号;记号
(14)系统
(15)代表
Lead-in
(1)schedule
(2)challenge
(3)prize
(4)artistic
(5)chessboard
(6)silver
(7)hesitation
(8)agree
(9)million
(10)budget
(11)province
(12)count
(13)symbol
(14)system
(15)represent
话题梳理
话题:
Amazing numbers(惊人的数字)
功能:
(1) Talk about numbers in life;
(谈论生活中的数字)
(2) Describe data and charts;
(描述数据和图表)
(3) Talk about the application of numbers in life.
(谈论数字在生活中的应用)
Amazing numbers
Describe data and charts
Talk about numbers in life
Talk about the application of numbers in life
话题梳理
The tallest mountain in ... is ... It is ... metres high.
... is the second-highest mountain in ...
The graph shows that...
Between 1950 and 2000, ...
—How do people use numbers in daily life?
—People use numbers to do a lot of
things.
...
1. challenge的用法:
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challenge v. 向……挑战。
challenge somebody to something / to do something 向某人挑战。如:
After school she challenged me to a swimming race. 放学后她向我挑战,比赛游泳。
Climbing to the top of the mountain is a big challenge to everyone.
登上这座山的山顶对每个人来说都是巨大的挑战。
challenge还可以作名词,意思是“挑战”。如:
典例分析
1.The young man ______ his friend to a chess game, showing great confidence.
A. invited B. suggested C. challenged D. advised
【答案】C
【解析】“invite” 意为 “邀请”,“suggest” 意为 “建议”,“advise” 意为 “建议”,“challenge sb to sth” 表示 “向某人挑战某事”,根据语境,这里是挑战下棋,所以选 C。
2.He c______ his classmates to a debate competition last week. (根据首字母写出单词题)
【答案】challenged
【解析】“challenge sb to sth” 表示 “向某人挑战某事”,根据 “last week” 可知用过去式,所以填 challenged。
promise用作动词时,意思是“许诺”
用作名词,意思是“诺言, 希望, 约定”
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2. promise
常用短语:
promise sb. sth. 承诺给某人某物 promise that +从句 承诺 ......
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 make a promise(to do) 许下承诺,保证
The King promised the old man a golden ring. 国王许诺给老人一个金戒指。
Promise me you will not waste your time. 答应我,不要浪费自己的时间。
If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守。
典例分析
1.我爸爸承诺买一部新自行车给我作为生日礼物。
My father _________ _________ _________ me a new bike as a birthday present.
【答案】promised to buy
2.当我们向别人许下诺言时,我们就应该去遵守它。
When we_________ __________ __________ to others, we should keep it.
【答案】made a promise
check及物动词,意为“检查;核实”。
Our teachers check our homework every day.
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3. check
拓展:
check in 登记入住 check out 检查;退房 check up了解;查清
Please check the answers.
rest 用作名词时,意为“剩余部分;休息时间”
用作动词时,意为“休息,放松”
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4. rest拓展
常用短语:the rest of 剩余的...... have a rest 休息一下
I have free time to rest. 我有空闲时间来休息。
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息了一下。
instead 作为副词,意为“代替;而不是”,既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。当instead位于句首起连接作用时,其前后一般用句号、逗号等标点隔开。 The professor didn’t answer my question. Instead, he asked me a question.
教授没有回答我的问题,相反,他问了我一个问题。
instead of
作为介词短语,意为“而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。 Let’s go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home all day long.
让我们出去散步,而不是整日待在家里看电视。
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5. instead & instead of
典例分析
1.昨晚他待在家里,而没有去看电影。
He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.
【答案】instead of going
2.她没有玩电脑游戏,而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
【答案】instead
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6. realize
(1) realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解”。
He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him.
直到妈妈告诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。
The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.
那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。
(2) realize还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思。
(1) 动词:回答;回复
reply to sb./sth.对某人 / 某事作出回应
She replied to my question quickly.她很快回答了我的问题。
注意:reply 是不及物动词,后需接介词 to,不能直接跟宾语(对比:answer 是及物动词,可直接接宾语)。
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7. reply
(2) 名词:回答;答复
make a reply 作出回复 in reply 作为答复
I am writing in reply to your letter of 16 March.
(1). hesitation名词,表示 “犹豫;迟疑”
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8. hesitation
(2). without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
She helped the old man cross the road without hesitation.
她毫不犹豫地帮助老人过马路。
have no hesitation (in) doing sth. 毫不犹豫做某事
show hesitation 表现出犹豫
Don’t show any hesitation when facing challenges.
面对挑战时不要表现出任何犹豫。
(3). 词形拓展
动词:hesitate 犹豫
Don’t hesitate to ask for help. 别犹豫,去寻求帮助。
1.Don't h______ to tell me if you need any help.
【答案】hesitate
【解析】句意:如果你需要任何帮助,别犹豫告诉我。根据 “Don't” 和 “to tell” 以及首字母提示,此处是祈使句否定形式,“hesitate to do sth” 表示 “犹豫做某事”,所以填 hesitate。
典例分析
2.He had no ______ (hesitate) in speaking out the truth.
【答案】hesitation
【解析】句意:他毫不犹豫地说出了真相。“have no hesitation (in) doing sth” 是固定短语,意为 “毫不犹豫做某事”,此处需要名词形式,所以填 hesitation。
stand for 表示 “代表;象征”
A stand(s) for B(A 代表 / 象征 B)。
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9.stand for
In math, "x" often stands for an unknown number.
在数学中,“x” 通常代表一个未知数。
The flag stands for the country’s history and culture.
这面旗帜象征着国家的历史和文化。
1.What does "WTO" ______ in English?
A. stand by B. stand for C. stand up D. stand out
【答案】B
【解析】句意:“WTO” 在英语中代表什么?stand by:支持;袖手旁观stand for:代表;象征stand up:站起来stand out:突出;此处询问缩写词的含义,用 “stand for” 最合适,故选 B。
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9.stand for
【典例分析】
thousands of 好几千;成千上万
thousand意为“千”,用来表示不确定的数目时,thousand应变为复数,且在后面加of。
拓展:与thousand用法类似的词
hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万)等表示概数时,本身要用复数形式,后接“of+可数名词复数”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名词复数”,意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词,则直接用hundred / thousand/ million等,不用复数形式,也不加of。
It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元。
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10. thousands of
典例分析
birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.
A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands
【答案】 A 【解析】 考查数词的用法。句意:数千只鸟已经回来,因为这里的环境变得越来越好。thousands of数千的,thousand 与数词连用时使用单数,与of连用时使用复数。故选A。
一、基数词
语法突破
1. 数词
1. hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿)
(1)About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
(2)There are students in our school.
A. six hundred B. six hundred of (×) C. six hundreds (×)
D. six hundreds of (×) E. hundred (×) F. hundreds (×) G. hundreds of
(Tips: S, of 总相随,数字,S冤家一对。)
2. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
one two three four five six seven eight nine
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth
twenty thirty hundred thousand million
twentieth thirtieth hundredth thousandth millionth
语法突破
语法突破
2.序数词
基数词表示几个,后接名词复数,而序数词表示第几个(即一个),后接可数名词的单数。如:
six friends(六个朋友) the sixth friend(第六个朋友)
序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:
My room is on the second floor and his on the third.
我的房间在二楼,他的房间在三楼。
He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。
注:序数词与不定冠词 a/an 连用,表示 “再一、又一”。
We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。
语法突破
3.分数、倍数、小数和百分数
1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子超过“1”时,分母用复数。 如:
two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5
注:1/2 通常读作 a/one half,一般不读作a second;1/4 可读作 a/one fourth,也可读作 a/one quarter。
2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如:
They’re twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。
Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。
语法突破
3.分数、倍数、小数和百分数
3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成,百分号(%)读作 percent。如:
thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%
4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念,同其它基数词读法一样,小数点用point,小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如:
9.65读作nine point six five
218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine
How do numbers affect our daily life?
Task 1
1. Numbers help us tell time, like when to get up or catch a bus.
2. Numbers are useful for shopping, such as checking price tags and counting money.
3. Numbers help with planning, like making a budget for daily expenses.
Example:
Let’s talk
Let’s write
Assuming your class (with a total of 50 students) conducted a survey on household chores last week, please write a short article titled "Doing Housework" based on the survey data in the table below.
Task 2
Basic structure of describing a chart using numbers:
Part 1
The beginning (Introduction to Data Content)
Part 2
Describe and analyze the data
Part 3
The ending(Summary and extension of viewpoints)
The body
话题梳理
话题:
Amazing numbers(惊人的数字)
功能:
(1) Talk about numbers in life;
(谈论生活中的数字)
(2) Describe data and charts;
(描述数据和图表)
(3) Talk about the application of numbers in life.
(谈论数字在生活中的应用)
Summary
话题梳理
Amazing numbers
Talk about numbers in life
Describe data and charts
Talk about the application of numbers in life
1. challenge的用法
2. promise 的用法
3. check的用法
4. rest 拓展
5. instead & instead of辨析
6. realize的用法
7. reply的用法
Summary
要点回顾
要点回顾
8. hesitation的用法
9. stand for 的用法
10. thousands of
11. 基数词和序数词的用法
Summary
Homework
1.Review what we learned in this unit.
2.Preview Unit 3 Our digital lives.
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