Unit 1 Relationships Topic talk & Lesson 1 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第一册

选修一 Unit1 Topic talk & Lesson1 ·课前小测· · 课文语法填空 My Teacher I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him. I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins. I suppose I was a bit lazy,   1   (especial) in maths. The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class, I really became interested in a subject for the first time. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used   2   (explain) things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it   3  . It was great fun. I know that I wasn’t a willing student, but I wasn’t slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and   4   (planet) and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme, I think about   5   Mr Jenkins would have done it. Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! My Student I’ve read a couple of Graham’s books and seen him on TV. I always say to my wife, “Oh look, I used to teach him!” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!   6    when he got interested, he changed. The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up   7   experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention. He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects. However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham. I think it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out   8   that is for each student. We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them. Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success, both at school and in later life, for all of them. I knew I   9   (choose) a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a  10   (success) adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.” ·词汇巩固· · Topic Talk /treɪt/n. 特性，品质___________________ /niːs/n. 侄女，外甥女___________________ /ˈnefjuː/n. 侄子，外甥___________________ /ˈhjuːmə/n. 幽默感___________________ /ˈpæʃənət/adj. 热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的___________________ /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/adj. 外向的，好交际的___________________ /ˈsekəndəri/adj. 中等教育；中级的；次要的___________________ /fluː/n. 流行性感冒，流感___________________ /həʊst/vt. 主办；做…… 的东道主 n. 主人；主持人___________________ /ɪnˈkredəbl/adj. 极好的；难以置信的___________________ /əˈkeɪʒənəli/adv. 偶尔；偶然___________________ /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/adj. 激起感情的；情感上的___________________ /ɪkˈstriːmli/adv. 极度，极其___________________ /ˈɡreɪtfəl/adj. 感激的，感谢的___________________ Lesson 1 /ˈpræktɪkl/adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的___________________ /ˈæŋɡəl/n. 角___________________ /ˈtraɪæŋɡl/n. 三角形___________________ 初次，第一次________________________________ /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/n. 氢___________________ /ˈrɒkɪt/n. 火箭___________________ /pɔː/vt. 灌，注，倒___________________ 投入（倒）…… 于某物_______________________ /ˈfjuːəl/n. 燃料___________________ /læk/vt. 缺乏___________________ /ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/n. 报告；陈述，说明___________________ 一些，几个；一双，一对_____________________________ 过去经常，曾经___________________________________ /bɪˈheɪvjə/n. 行为，举止___________________ /dræɡ/vt. 拖，拉___________________ /ˈæsɪd/n. 酸___________________ /ˈʌnjən/n. 洋葱___________________ /ˈækses/n. 进入；接触的机会___________________ /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的___________________ /ˌedjuˈkeɪʃənəlɪst/n. 教育（学）家___________________ ·知识精讲· · Topic Talk passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的 (passion n．热情；热恋；强烈的情感) •be passionate about sth对某事有热情 •have a passion for...对……有热情 (1)His niece has a passion _____ _______ classical music and often goes to the classical concert. [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之申请信)I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis competition because ________________________________________________________________________tennis. 我想要成为这次国际网球比赛的志愿者，因为我真的酷爱网球。 (3)What impressed me most was the Culture Night，which provoked ________________________________________________________________________ Irish and culture legacy. 给我印象最深的是“文化之夜”，它激发了我进一步了解爱尔兰语和文化遗产的热情。 occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然 (occasional adj.偶尔的；临时的 occasion n．机会；时刻；场合) on special/important occasions在特殊/重要场合 注意：occasion作先行词时，如果表示时间，意为“时刻”“机会”，且在从句中作状语，常常用when来引导定语从句。 (1)His nephew，an outgoing young man，comes to visit him ______ ______(occasional)． (2)I can remember very few occasions _____ _____ he had to ask for a leave because of illness. [写作佳句] (3)(议论文之正反观点类)Others hold the opinion that people can wear hanfu only ___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________. 其他人认为人们只有在特殊场合才可以穿汉服。 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的 (gratitude n．感激 gratefully adv.感激地) be grateful to sb (for sth) (因某事)感激某人 be grateful that...感激…… be grateful to do sth因做某事而感激…… I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将感激不尽。 (1)All the guests were grateful ________ ____ the host who was thoughtful and satisfied everyone’s need. (2)I am writing to express my sincere ____ ____(grateful) for what you have done for me during my stay in London. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之求助信)如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我将感激不尽。 ____________________________________________________________________ going through my application form and making some changes. Lesson l lack vi.& vt.缺乏；不足 n．缺乏；短缺的东西 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) •(a) lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… •be lacking in在……方面缺乏 (1)My nephew is extremely _____ _______(lack) in confidence，so he can’t serve as the host for the English Evening. (2)For lack _______ _____ a sense of humour and passion，Mrs Grace felt nervous for the coming party in her new company. [写作佳句] (3)尽管他们缺乏烹饪经验，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别好的早餐。 ①Although ________________________________________________________________________， the twins still prepared an incredible breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(lack v．) ②________________________________________________________________________， the twins still prepared an incredible breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(分词作状语) used to do sth 过去常常做某事 •be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 •be used to do sth被用来做某事 (1)Honestly speaking，I am not used to ___ _____(eat) onions though they are good for health. (2)The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that much amber was used ______ ______(make) it. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之感谢信)我曾经麻烦你为我做很多事情，但你从来没有对我不耐烦。 I ________________________________________________________________________ to do many things for me，but you were never impatient with me. access n．(使用或见到的)权利，机会；通道 vt.进入；使用(accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的) •have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入 give access to准许进入(接近) •be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 (1)Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access ____ ________ online reading at a library branch. (2)The good news is that the park is totally ______ ______(access) to people with disabilities. [写作佳句] (3)在小组学习室，你可以使用免费Wi-Fi，这方便你做报告。 In the group study room，you can ___________ _____________ free Wi-Fi，making it convenient for you to give a presentation. worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得的；重要的；有益的 •worthwhile既可作表语，也可作定语，表示某事因为重要、有趣或有意义而值得去花时间、金钱或精力。作表语时，常用句型：It is worthwhile doing/to do sth。 •worth表示“值得……”时，后接名词、代词、动名词(主动形式表示被动含义)；表示“价值……”时，后接表示钱数或类似的词语。常构成短语be worth＋名词，be worth doing sth。 •worthy在句中可作表语和定语。常用短语：be worthy of＋n./being done，be worthy＋to be done。 (1)It is worthwhile ______ ______(do) some voluntary work to enrich your life experience as well as help others. [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之建议信)黄山风景如画，非常值得一游。 ①With its picturesque scenery，Mount Huang ________ _________________________.(worth) ②With its picturesque scenery，Mount Huang ______ ____________________________.(worthy) if only 引导的虚拟条件句 Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！(P8 Para.3) 有时我甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ 结构分析：此句为复合句，句中if only引导虚拟条件句。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— •if only...意为“要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望。 if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 if only...would/could do...表示与将来事实相反的愿望。 •only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句。only if位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)我感到很难过、很沮丧，心里想：“现在要是有人帮帮我就好了。” I feel upset and depressed，thinking about，“__________________________________.” (2)(读后续写之后悔心理描写)“要是我在课堂上不经常分心就好了。只有我全身心投入到学习中，我才能赶上我的同学。”简心想，悔恨的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。 “____________________________________________________________________________. Only if ________________________________________________________________________ my classmates，” Jane thought，tears of regret flowing down her cheeks. the first day... 用作连词，引导时间状语从句 The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.(P9 Para.1) 他第一次走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。但当我用酸和洋葱做一个展示人类的胃是如何运作的实验时，他全神贯注。 结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中The first day引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中as soon as引导时间状语从句，其中how引导宾语从句。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— ·The first day用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一天……时”。 ·引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：the first time，every time，each time，the last time，the moment，the minute等，它们起从属连词的作用。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(应用文写作之毕业致辞)当我第一次进入学校时，我就爱上了学校里的一切。 ________________________________________________________________________， I fell in love with everything of it. (2)(读后续写之人物描写)作为一个外向的女孩，每次和别人说话，她都会自信地表达自己，开心地笑。 As an flowing girl，____________________________________，she expresses herself confidently and laughs happily. (3)我一看到那个男孩，就想起他的不良行为曾引起了很大的麻烦。 _____________________________________________________________________________， I thought of his bad behaviour which had caused much trouble. ·题模精选· · 一、单词拼写 1．Being optimistic is one of the most important personal (特性) of my niece. 2．My n ，my brother’s son，is so lovely a boy that all of us like him. 3．Having a sense of h makes Mr Wang popular with students. 4．The party was canceled because the h was infected with flu. 5．I pay a visit to the nursing home (偶尔) to do some voluntary work. 6．The o young man soon attracted others’ attention at the party. 7．She performed (极其) well and won a gold medal for China in the Olympics. 8．They offered (情感上的) support to each other in the ruins after the earthquake. 9．This girl，who is only 158cm in height，shows (极好的) talent in short-distance races. 10．As far as I’m concerned，experience is what matters—age is of s importance. 二、单句语法填空 1．Most of the time I will cook meals at home but I also eat out (occasional)． 2．I believe that children should be encouraged to pursue what they are (passion) about. 3．The dog rescued from the flood seemed to be grateful the soldier and it licked him constantly. 4．Poetry can help to convey strong (emotional) and has been a popular art form. 5．When asked about his travel experience，he gave a (humour) account of his trip to Spain. ·知识精讲· · 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并回答其后的问题。 I usually get to school early but yesterday was an exception.By the time I got up，my father had gone into the bathroom，so I had to wait.Then，I had a quick breakfast and ran to the bus stop.Unluckily，when I got there，the bus had just left.How upset I was！I had no choice but to walk to school.As a result，hardly had I run into my classroom when the bell rang.I decided that I must have my old bike repaired in case such things happened again. 以上短文中黑体部分都用了____________________时态，其构成是________________________，表示该动作发生在________________________。 过去完成时 一、概念 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。 二、过去完成时的构成形式 1．肯定句：主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他 The fire had come about before the couple came back.这对夫妇回来之前火灾就已经发生了。 2．否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他 When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I hadn’t seen for years. 沿街散步时，我偶然遇见了大卫，我已经有好几年没见过他了。 3．一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had. 否定回答：No，主语＋hadn’t. —Had you organized similar activities before you participated in the activity? —Yes，I had./No，I hadn’t. ——在参加这项活动之前你组织过类似的活动吗？ ——是的，我组织过。/没有，我以前没组织过。 4．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(或词组)＋had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ Where had you been before you came to China for a visit？你来中国参观之前还去过哪儿？ 三、过去完成时的常见用法 1．表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或者完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态。句中的时间状语可以用by，before，until，when等引出或者用一个过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。 By the end of last year he had run out of all the money inherited from his father.到去年年底，他已花光了从他父亲那里继承的所有钱。 The girl had disappeared in a flash before he could utter a single word. 他还没来得及说一句话，那女孩就立刻不见了。 2．表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如：hope，want，expect，think，mean，suppose，plan，intend等)用于过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的愿望或计划。 I had intended to call on you yesterday，but I had an unexpected visitor. 昨天我本来打算去看你，但是来了一位不速之客。 I had meant to tell Mike the good news，but I found that he wasn’t at home.我本打算把这个好消息告诉迈克，但发现他不在家。 3．过去完成时常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中表示从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。 I told him I had graduated from college with a degree in computer science. 我告诉他我大学毕业了，获得了计算机科学学位。 四、过去完成时在固定句式中的运用 1．过去完成时可以用于hardly/scarcely...when...和no sooner...than...句型中，表示“一……就……”。 Hardly had he known what happened when the audience broke in and interrupted him. 他刚知道发生了什么事，观众就闯进来打断了他。 2．在“It/This/That was＋the＋序数词＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时，表示“某人第几次做某事”。 It was the second time that he had travelled along the ancient Silk Road. 这是他第二次沿着古丝绸之路旅行。 3．在“It was＋一段时间＋since...”句式中，从句用过去完成时。 It was almost ten years since he had made a documentary to retell the history of the Palace Museum in detail.从他制作一部纪录片来详细地重新讲述故宫博物院的历史以来，已经快十年了。 五、疑难辨析 1．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，常与具体的表过去的时间状语连用(如：ago，yesterday，last week等)。 过去完成时表示的动作或状态发生在“过去的过去”。也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态，如： Alex finished his studies in 2020. 亚历克斯在2020年结束了他的学业。 By the time Alex finished his studies in 2020，he had been in London for over eight years. 亚历克斯在2020年结束他的学业时，他已经在伦敦待了8年多了。 2．现在完成时和过去完成时的区别 现在完成时指动作发生在过去，但与现在有关系，常与since或者“for＋一段时间”连用。 过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两个动作的先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去”。如： The company has a growing market because it has extended its operations into Europe recently.该公司的市场不断扩大，因为它最近将其业务扩展到了欧洲。 The company had a growing market because it had extended its operations into Europe.该公司的市场不断扩大，因为它将其业务扩展到了欧洲。 ·题模精选· · 一、单句语法填空 1．She ____ ________(finish) reading the four great classics of China before going to middle school. 2．That was the first time I _________ _________(experience) sandstorms and I don’t ever want to be in one again. 3．My nephew _______ _____(learn) about 4,000 English words by the end of last term. 4．The famous host said with excitement that he _______ _____(see) the film before. 5．It was almost five years since we ____ ____ (buy) that little house for our grandmother. 6．When Jack arrived，he learned Mary ___ _____ (be) away for almost an hour. 7．However，thanks to the international agreement，there _______ _____(be) much less illegal hunting since 1980. 8．The moment I _____ _______(get) home，I found I had left my jacket on the playground. 9．Instead of getting down to a new task as I ____ ________(expect)，he examined the previous work again. 10．It was the third time that he _____ _______(bring) his life dream into reality. 二、完成句子 1．为了丰富我们的学校生活，上个月我们学校举行了一场运动会。 In order to enrich our school life，___________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________. 2．比赛之前我们的体育老师在课内外训练我们。 Before the competition，_________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. 3．放学后当其他同学玩耍时，我们正在操场上努力练习跑步。 ________________________________________________________________________， we were practising running hard on the playground. 4．我们所有人都坚持完成了比赛，并获得了第一名。 All of us stuck to finishing our competition ____________________________________. 5．这是我们第一次获得第一名。 It was the first time ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. 6．我们非常高兴，因为我们之前从未取得过这么好的成绩。 We were extremely delighted，because ____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. 三、阅读下面短文，根据语境填空 When I was seven years old，I 1.____ ____ ____(perform) for the first time in a musical，for which I 2._______ _____________(practice) for weeks.I waited anxiously and eventually came my turn.However，hardly 3.______ __________________(have) I stepped on the stage when I noticed that there was something wrong with the microphone.Fortunately，one work staff also realized the problem and quickly 4.______ ____ ______(settle) the problem，ensuring the musical went smoothly，which made me extremely grateful.It is almost ten years since it 5.___________ _____(happen)，but I still remember it clearly. ·随堂练习· · 一、单句语法填空 1．His presentation failed to interest me for lack passion. 2．The computer classroom is not (access) to students except when we are having a computer class. 3．It is worthwhile (spend) some time reading English classics. 4．When hearing the good news of the huge sale，hundreds of people poured the supermarket. 5．I used (hear) about his bad behaviour when he was a junior high school student. 6．Only a minority of students want to escape taking responsibility for their own (behave)． 7．Standing on the platform the first time，she found scores of arrows piercing her chest. 8．Every morning the host finds it hard (drag) himself out of bed. 二、单句写作(课文佳句仿写) 1．她第一天来到我们学校时，就因为太想家而哭了。(the first day作连词) ，she was so homesick that she cried. 2．缺乏自信使她很难适应新学校。(n.lack) made it difficult for her to adapt to the new school. 3．多亏了技术，她可以迅速获得信息，这对她来说是一种安慰。(have access to) Thanks to technology， ，which was a comfort for her. 4．此外，我们学校的图书馆自习室也是值得体验的。(It is worthwhile doing/to do...) Besides， the self-study room in our school library as well. 5．她想，要是早些听从了她父亲的建议就好了。(if only...) She thought . 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 ·能力拓展· · 一、阅读理解 When I was in the fifth grade，my teachers first discovered that I could not even read the first grade books.They didn’t think this kind of problem could happen to me since my father was a famous scientist.My parents sent me to experts，trying to find out what the problem was.My IQ was high，but I had severe problems in learning.They discovered that I was dyslexic(诵读困难的)．I was lucky that my parents cared enough to find a way out for me. When my parents went to Ford Country Day School and sat down with Brent，a teacher in the school，he agreed to help without thinking twice.My family was not rich and I was allowed to go to school free of charge because my mother drove some students to school in the morning in her car.I do know，however，without Brent reaching out to my family，my life would have taken a turn for the worst.Brent and my parents decided to have me retake the fifth grade in the next school year. I was afraid of going to school with my difficulties in learning，but Brent’s kind and loving support helped me slowly learn to grow and overcome my learning disability.Ford Country Day School has become the most important turning point in my life.The foundation that Brent gave me has in many ways set my direction in life. I went to Japan to live with my brother for one year right out of Ford Country Day School.I was in an international school in Tokyo.If I had not had the experience in Ford Country Day School，I would not have been able to survive in Japan.I count myself as one of the truly lucky people having been touched by Brent’s care and love. 1．What’s the problem with the author? A．He had trouble in learning. B．His parents didn’t care about him. C．He didn’t like going to school. D．The experts were unwilling to help him. 2．Why did the author go to school for free? A. His family was very poor. B．His mother sent some students to school. C．His IQ was quite high. D．His father was a famous scientist. 3．What does the underlined word “overcome” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Be responsible for. B．Get used to. C．Get over. D．Write down. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To share his learning methods. B．To give a high praise for his parents. C．To express his thanks to Brent. D．To introduce Ford Country Day School. 二、语法填空 A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai,1. (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary.2. time went by，there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary. A 19-year-old Hungary girl，Varge Bonita，whose Chinese name is Hu Lingyue,3. (travel) thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China.She 4. ___________(fall) in love with Chinese，a language with 5. special tone and beautiful handwriting，before she first came to China at the age of ten.For her，learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language，but providing access 6. Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects.With the 7. (popular) of Chinese in Hungary，signs in Chinese have been more and more 8.________________(common) seen in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to 9. (spot) on bus tickets selling machines. Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer.The horizon is vast.There are 10. (end) possibilities which have not been explored. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $