专题05 阅读理解 （议论文及说明文）（期中真题分类汇编，天津专用）高一英语上学期

专题05 阅读理解 议论文及说明文 议论文 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市和平区耀华中学·期中） It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why. First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? The simple answer is “You can’t”. Look around you. With very few exceptions, either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new. Another good thing about mistakes is this: When you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail so many times, he said that he hadn’t failed 10,000 times, but rather had learned 10,000 things that didn’t work. Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, you will have tried some number of things before you succeed. Every time you make a mistake, you eliminate one of those things and are one step closer. But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the results of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again. We all have limited resources in the form of time and money so don’t blow them all on one approach to a problem. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect for the first time and allocate (分配) these resources well so you can learn, make corrections, and try it again. Only by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career. There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’ re not trying hard enough.” So go ahead and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And prosper (成功). 88．From the second paragraph, we can conclude that_________. A．mistakes are unnecessary for development B．we are afraid of trying new things C．it’s common for people to make mistakes D．mistakes are better than not trying 89．According to the article, one thing you should pay attention to about making mistakes is_________. A．avoiding making the same mistakes B．accepting the punishment willingly C．taking results into consideration D．trying things out one by one 90．The article is mainly about_________. A．how to deal with mistakes B．what benefits mistakes bring C．how to achieve success D．how to make use of your mistakes 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河北区·期中） Automated kitchens aren’t sci-fi scenes from shows like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, create pizzas, prepare salads and much more. AI can invent recipes (食谱) based on what a kitchen has. More advanced concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining. Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work. The benefits of AI kitchens include enabling cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand. However, there are risks to human well-being. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be diminished (减少) if the human element becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative (协作的) kitchen environment. Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household’s science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving. Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often stereotypes or oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes. Relying too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, leading to a sameness in taste. That’s akin (类似的) to the strangely similar feel of AI art images across different apps. Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives. 174．What makes AI kitchen technologies an early choice for businesses like restaurants? A．Being able to afford the high costs. B．Being specifically designed for them. C．Reducing the need for human workers. D．Improving communication among staff. 175．What potential benefit of AI kitchens is mentioned in the passage? A．Meeting various tastes. B．Saving money on food. C．Reducing kitchen waste. D．Improving family relationships. 176．What educational role does the kitchen play according to the passage? A．Cultural learning center. B．Nutrition learning environment. C．Artistic skills development space. D．Science lab for materials and chemistry. 177．What is the author’s attitude toward AI kitchens? A．The author doesn’t agree with the use of AI in kitchens. B．The author is completely in favor of AI in kitchens. C．The author is careful about using AI in kitchens. D．The author doesn’t care about AI in kitchens. 178．What’s the best title for this passage? A．AI in the Kitchen: Benefits and Risks B．Robots: The New Chefs in Restaurants C．The Impact of AI vs. Family Relationships D．Traditional Cooking Methods vs. Technology 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区天津市南开中学·期中） People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their work doing the talking, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect. The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned. Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for? It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. They are the compass (罗盘) that guides my life. The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments. From there, I can learn to treat others appropriately, depending on the context, learning from my mistakes with time and experience. It’s just a reminder that life is hard for all of us, while at the same time accepting that it’s important we are all also held accountable for our actions. I have learned that we are all deeply self-interested. I hope to be self-aware enough to check out of the power and status games. That means I’m not competing with anyone for a shiny object; I’d rather compete with myself. It’s about becoming so uniquely different that it would be an insult (侮辱) for me to measure myself against someone else. I believe if I do the work to be internally free from the pull of the power and status games, then I can add value to others based on my unique knowledge and experience. If this resonates with (与……共鸣) you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world. It’s a wonderful mystery, and I think together we can better define it — not just personally, but also collectively. 83．According to the article, which of the following is TRUE? A．Achievements are the only thing that can help people see themselves. B．People may misunderstand that they can only earn respect through external markers. C．The author is someone who is keen on power games. D．Learning from mistakes is the first step of treating others kindly. 84．In the author’s opinion, what is a better way to judge a person? . A．To know about their educational diploma first. B．To see, recognize and understand them first. C．To talk with them first. D．To know what they have done first. 85．What does the underlined word“overshadow” probably mean? A．be relatively similar to. B．cause something to be stronger than. C．make something less important. D．block off light from something. 86．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．Life is hard, so we shouldn’t criticize others when they are not responsible. B．One should draw on wider knowledge in order to judge others objectively. C．Everyone is unique, so showing off uniqueness is an insult to others. D．One should see and understand another person using a real compass. 87．Why does the author write the article? A．To promote harmonious living. B．To ask people not to judge others. C．To call on readers to learn his values. D．To share his values of understanding and relating to the world. 主题02 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市第四十七中学·期中） Some of us like to spend money as soon as we have it, while others like to hold on to money and spend it carefully. But for people who are very smart about their cash, there are a number of interesting ways to invest (投资) it and, if things go well, make a big financial profit (经济收益). Buying stamps, wine, coins and books are all different ways of investing your money. It comes with risks but can be thrilling as, hopefully, you watch the value of your investment rise. However, you need to know what you’re doing and making a lot of money is not guaranteed (保证). If you’re happy to take a risk, then one of the most well-known ways of investing is by buying artwork. By buying a painting and holding on to it, its value can increase greatly, but of course, only when you sell it do you feel the profit. Some people get quite lucky particularly when they don’t expect to make any money. There are stories of people buying a painting at an exhibition for peanuts only to find out it’s actually worth thousands of dollars. Of course, investing in artwork is not a guarantee to make you a millionaire. Patrick Connolly, a financial adviser, says investing in art is too risky and he advises his customers not to invest in it because the downside is greater than the upside. But if you’re still interested in it, there are art fairs (博览会), such as The Affordable Art Fair, and websites provide buyers with their affordable artwork. Patrick Connolly says the best way here is to buy something you like and can afford and “if it goes up in value, that should be just an added award.” If this has destroyed your plans for your investment, maybe there’s more chance of winning big money by buying a lottery ticket (彩票)! 106．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Smart people easily make a lot of money. B．Making a good investment is interesting. C．Different people spend money in different ways. D．There are disadvantages of spending money carelessly. 107．If you buy a painting, what do you have to do to get an increase in value? A．You have to sell it at a higher price. B．You need to know its real value. C．You should buy it at a low price. D．You should keep it for a long time. 108．What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Going to an exhibition to buy peanuts. B．Buying a painting for its financial profit. C．Spending a small amount of money on artwork. D．Exchanging artwork for peanuts at an exhibition. 109．Which of the following views may Patrick Connolly agree with? A．Artwork investments don’t necessarily result in the rise in value. B．Generally, people can earn more money by buying a lottery ticket. C．Buying stamps and coins is much safer than buying a painting. D．People will surely get financial profit if they invest wisely. 110．What’s mainly discussed in the passage? A．What investments guarantee a big fortune. B．Whether it’s profitable to invest in artwork. C．Where valuable works of art are available. D．How investment s influence people’s daily life. 说明文 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学·期中） Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is the color of most growing plants, too. Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed. A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in war. By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today — a person who is new in a job. About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west. Old-times used it to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities in the east. The greenhorn didn’t have the skills that he would need to live in the hard, rough country. Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes from the early 1900s. A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died. The Green Revolution is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs. 4．According to the passage, a greenhorn means now. A．a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed B．a soldier who has not had any experience in war C．a person who works as an unskillful beginner in a job D．a man who doesn’t have the skills to live in the country 5．The meaning of the underlined word “touch” in Paragraph 6 is . A．contact B．ability C．idea D．detail 6．Which of the following about the Green Revolution is NOT right? A．If there weren’t the Green Revolution, we would have no rice to eat. B．The expression “the Green Revolution” appeared several years ago. C．Because of the Green Revolution, we have more kinds of rice and other grains. D．Agricultural scientists with green thumbs started the Green Revolution. 7．We can know from the passage that . A．all growing plants in nature is green B．green is the most important color in nature C．a person with a green thumb can make plants grow well D．the expression “a green thumb” has a history of two hundred years 8．The main idea of the passage is . A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河东区·期中） If you ask me what my favourite sport is, my answer will be swimming. I started learning how to swim when I was five years old and I have been swimming ever since. There are many reasons why I love swimming but I’ll just share a few with you, and maybe I can even encourage you to go for a swim. The first reason why I love swimming is that it can be extremely relaxing. I love the feeling of floating on the water and feeling almost weightless. I find that whenever I leave the pool I feel totally relaxed. On the other hand, it can also be a fast-paced competitive sport which raises your heartbeat. It’s amazing pushing yourself to the challenge of beating someone else to the finish line and it’s great fun racing across the pool as fast as you can! Trying little tricks like underwater handstands and flips (空翻) also puts a big smile on my face. Another reason why I love swimming is that it has more varieties than other sports. Swimming offers many different strokes (游泳的游法), so it doesn’t feel like you’re stuck doing the same thing over and over again. Adding swimming equipment like flippers, a snorkel or a noodle changes the experience yet again and can help you develop your swimming technique. In the summer, swimming provides a nice, refreshing break! There’s nothing better than jumping into the water on a hot, sweltering summer’s day. The pool makes you feel instantly better. And I think it adds to the summer holiday feeling, as for me the summer months are when I swim most. And finally, it’s a life skill which everyone should have. Not only is it good for your health, but you never know when you’ll need your ability to swim. 19．How does the writer feel after a swim? A．Relaxed. B．Tired. C．Confused. D．Sad. 20．What makes the writer love swimming more than other sports? A．The challenge of swimming. B．Much swimming equipment. C．The variety of swimming. D．Underwater handstands and flips. 21．What does the underlined word “noodle” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? A．Something to eat. B．Something to improve health. C．Something to add weight. D．Something to help you swim. 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区·期中） The best way to learn new skills has been widely debated. In 2008, Malcolm Gladwell published Outliers, which introduced the so-called “10,000 hours rule” that states it takes 10,000 hours to become an expert in a subject. But from a psychological perspective, what makes someone a master learner? Let’s break down what this involves.You’re willing to learn from people you don’t like. We tend to get annoyed with people who don’t share our view of the world. People who are different from us will tend to approach problems differently. That’s exactly why they offer opportunities to learn. You don’t need to buy into someone’s’ values about the world to learn from them and they can offer a new perspective.You’re ready to learn through different modes and channels. Stick to one comfortable mode of learning is a bad idea. Master learners are willing to learn from lots of sources, including the following: technical dry books or manuals, YouTube or Instagram, calling or visiting people they don’t know, searching the internet and through friendships and social relationships.You can reflect on your work and think outside of the box. Master learners don’t just become good in their field. They think about what they learn in ways that aren’t focused on one topic. The smartest, most creative people don’t rely solely on focus for getting things done. They allow their minds to move in creative ways and connect seemingly diverse concepts and tools that other people don’t connect.You approach learning with your learning objectives in mind. I love learning about other people’s learning processes. I once watched a video made by a medical student who stopped going to lectures. She recognized that the lectures weren’t as efficient or effective as reading her own books .Master learners don’t follow someone ease’s learning plan. For example, they don`t use one language learning app for hundreds of lessons without exploring other options. They develop their own learning plan based on their specific learning objectives. 169．According to the text, what is a characteristic of master learners? A．They only learn from people they like. B．They reflect on their work and think creatively. C．They strictly keep up with one mode of learning. D．They blind follow someone else’s learning plan. 170．What does the author suggest about Malcolm Gladwell’s’10,000 hours rule’? A．The psychological view differs from this rule. B．It’s the only way to become an expert. C．It’s not relevant in today’s world. D．It’s a widely accepted theory. 171．Why do master learners find value in learning from diverse sources? A．Because they can’t focus on one thing at a time. B．Because it’s easier than traditional methods. C．Because they want to appear well-rounded. D．Because they want to get a new perspective. 172．What did the medical student realize about her lectures? A．They were more efficient, than reading books. B．They provided better insights than videos. C．They were necessary for passing exams. D．They weren’t as effective as self-study. 173．What is a key aspect of master learners when it comes to their learning goals? A．They always follow a predefined path. B．They develop their own learning plans. C．They don’t have specific objectives. D．They rely solely on apps for learning. 主题03 人与社会——文学艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市河北区·期中） Beer and eggs are commonly seen in the kitchen. However, scientists recently found that they were used in historic paintings, too. To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork. According to their paper published in Science-Advances, grains and yeast (酵母) were found on the base of the paintings. Beer was the most common drink in the 19th century in Denmark, and its by-products were spent (用过已废的) grains and yeast. The study showed that they were used to provide a stable painting surface. Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a “glue” because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster. Apart from beer, egg has long been found in oil-based paints used by artists in the 15th century, such as Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks. The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint. They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth. However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period. The more we understand how artists choose and use their materials, the more we can “appreciate what they’re doing”, Ken Sutherland, an expert at the Art Institute of Chicago, US, told Science News. Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks. 146．What is the main purpose of the research mentioned in the passage? A．To find out how eggs can help to protect the artworks. B．To study the history of beer and egg consumption in Denmark. C．To explore the benefits of beer and egg consumption for artists. D．To research the composition of ancient paint for protecting Danish paintings. 147．Why were beer by-products used in historic Danish paintings? A．To keep the paintings clean. B．To help the colors stick better. C．To give the painting a different look. D．To make the paintings more colorful. 148．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Kept. B．Shared. C．Controlled. D．Discovered. 149．How did yolk’s proteins help preserve artworks? A．By adding color to the paint. B．By making the paint dry faster. C．By wrinkling the paint with oil. D．By slowing down the oxidation of the paint. 150．According to Ken Sutherland, the research like this provides . A．preservation techniques for paintings B．deeper understanding of the artworks C．more appreciation for artists’ materials D．insights into the history of art materials 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区·期中） A British teacher called Andria Zafirakou won SI million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher. She plans to use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria, who teaches at a secondary school in North London, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change.” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort — whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star— into schools to work with and inspire children. Andria Zafirakou started the project at Alperton Community School where she has worked for 12 years. “I’ve seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by — their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists, more than ever in our schools.” Michael Craig-Martin, an artist, said: “Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.” “It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary,” he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He thinks that arts education in schools is not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries.” 42．What does Andria Zafirakou plan to do with the $1 million prize money`, A．She will invite special figures into UK schools to teach art. B．She will donate it to local artists to support their career. C．She will keep the money for herself for travelling. D．She will use it to start an art school to help locals. 43．Where did Andria Zafirakou begin her project? A．At a primary school in North London B．At a community center in London C．At a secondary school in South London D．At Alperton Community School 44．According to Sir Simon Schama, why is arts education important for the future? A．Because creativity is essential for the future. B．Because it will help students get jobs in the AI industry. C．Because it helps students get better grades. D．Because it is an optional extra in the curriculum. 45．What can be inferred about Andria Zafirakou’s feelings towards the current state of arts education in schools? . A．She doesn’t care about it. B．She believes it is entirely settled. C．She thinks it is being neglected and needs more attention. D．She feels it should be completely replaced with technology-focused teaching. 46．What would be an appropriate title for this article? A．Andria Zafirakou: World’s Best Teacher for a New Classroom Reality B．The Future of Arts Education: Andria Zafirakou’s Vision C．Artists in Schools: The Andria Zafirakou Initiative D．Andria Zafirakou: A Million Dollars to Revolutionize UK Education Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市第一百中学等校联考·期中） The US $2.6 billion (2022) bubble tea (珍珠奶茶) market will reach US$6.2 billion by 2032, according to Brainy Insights' new report. The bubble tea industry has had huge growth throughout the years and is still growing rapidly. The market is expected to increase as a result of factors such as rising consumer need, new product development, globalization, and the growing interest in Asian food and drinks. Taiwan, China is where bubble tea was originally consumed and introduced, and one of the biggest drinkers of bubble tea is Thailand, where each person had six cups of bubble tea on average monthly in December 2019. The usage of social media by consumers and influencers also increased product need for bubble tea in the Asia Pacific region. The market for bubble tea has a significant fruit favor category (类别) that provides consumers with a variety of delicious choices. For those who enjoy bubble tea, fruit flavors are popular because they give the traditional tea-based drink a fruity touch. Bubble teashops usually develop unique tastes by mixing several fruits together. For example, strawberries and mango can be mixed for a special flavor. These creative pairings satisfy the needs of customers who are looking for unique and fascinating flavor experiences. In the bubble tea market, the green tea category is expected to grow at the fastest speed. This is because green tea is full of goodness . Many bubble tea businesses now offer lower-sugar or sugar-free varieties, as well as different milk choices such as soy milk. These healthier bubble teas have attracted customers who love healthy products, making the bubble tea customer base bigger. The new online platforms — like TikTok — have allowed bubble tea businesses to attract more consumers and increase sales. For bubble tea businesses, putting up a strong online presence is very important. 57．Which word can best describe the bubble tea industry in the near future? A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Slow-growing. D．Hopeless 58．What role do social media influencers play? A．They help increase product quality. B．They bring Thailand to more people's attention. C．They contribute to ever-growing consumer need. D．They bring people in the Asia Pacific region together. 59．Why is the green tea category so popular? A．It provides unique flavor experiences. B．Green tea has a positive health effect. C．It helps keep the traditional tea drink alive. D．Green tea can be paired with various foods. 60．What are bubble tea businesses like now according to the forth paragraph? A．They’re trying to offer personalized service. B．They’re discouraging people from buying sugary drinks. C．They’re reaching their customers by offering various choices. D．They’re turning to younger generations to build up their customer base. 61．Which aspect for bubble tea businesses is stressed (强调) in the last paragraph? A．An eye-catching name. B．A right location. C．A variety of delicious choices. D．A strong online presence. Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Starting high school can be difficult. Everyone is nervous and nobody knows where to go for classes. Thinking about making new friends might make you feel nervous, too. But don’t worry. You are not alone. You are going to school with a group of students who are also your age, and we have several tips to share. Forget your fear and just talk to someone.It might be easier said than done, but try to take a deep breath and voice. Don’t be afraid to approach people. Introduce yourself and start a conversation about something you have in common. Sit in the middle of the classroom with as many new friends around you as possible. Join clubs. Join after-school activities that interest you and make friends in the club. If you don’t join anything, you will be just going to class and then going home. Being in a club forces you to be more social. Stay clean. No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over. Shower every day, brush your teeth and wash your hair. Try to make yourself look neat, whatever you wear. Be respectful of people’s differences. Everyone has his or her own opinion about the world and everyone believes in different things. It’s a good thing to have friends with different opinions because you can each share your own. We hope these tips can help you. The Student Union is always ready to offer help. And you are welcome to join us! 62．According to the article, why is it beneficial to have friends with different opinions? A．It makes you more popular. B．It helps you win arguments. C．It promotes exchange of ideas. D．It prevents arguments. 63．What is one suggestion for overcoming nervousness and making friends in high school? A．Calm down and have a talk actively. B．Stay silent in class to avoid attention. C．Avoid talking to anyone on the first day. D．Only interact with your previous schoolmates. 64．What is the main purpose of joining clubs in high school, according to the article? A．To improve personal value. B．To improve social interaction. C．To do well in academic studies. D．To have a reason to leave school early. 主题02人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） A few weeks ago, my teenage daughter failed a test. She was embarrassed, angry, anxious and there were tears in her eyes. This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take. She took some time to complain to me. Then I saw something interesting. She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills. This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad. We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth. Trauma, defined as an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, attack, natural disaster, or other life-changing happenings, is painful and even can be harmful. Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth. In one study, researchers surveyed nearly 385 people who experienced financial adversity, even while working full-time. These people are also the parents or primary caregivers or young children in education. And those surveyed had either been sick with an illness or had a loved one who’s been in bad health. Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life. Some said they experienced spiritual growth and 11 percent reported they discovered new opportunities. Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity. 73．How did the author’s daughter react after failing the test? A．She blamed other people for her failure. B．She felt grateful and meant to improve. C．She became more anxious and angrier. D．She refused to take responsibility. 74．What positive change did the author observe in their daughter? A．She became more frighted of difficulties in life. B．She developed a stronger support system. C．She became more negative and disappointed. D．She grew up and understood the value of hardships. 75．What did the study mentioned in the article tell about surveyed people? A．They became more disconnected from others. B．They developed responsible attitude towards their families. C．They had a better family and increased appreciation for life. D．They experienced a decline in their overall well-being. 76．How does hardship contribute to personal growth according to the article? A．It prevents a person from healing from trauma. B．It limits personal ability to adapt to adversity. C．It encourages a person to find different solutions and develops confidence. D．It results in long-term negative effects on a person’s emotional well-being. 77．What is the main message of the article regarding adversity and growth? A．Hardship can lead to personal growth. B．Traumatic events leave only harmful effects. C．Adversity always leads to negative outcomes. D．People who face trauma are unable to heal from it. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学·期中） “When I grow up, I want to be...” Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school. However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the U. K. in May 2011 by job website monster, co. uk, in which medicine was the top choice among U. K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17. Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social, mobility. It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking and see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. British young men list the U. K. tycoon Alan Sugar, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg as their top role models “for their wealth”. Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”. However, not every child has the makings of doctor, lawyer, or banker. They are those who see fulfillment and happiness in other areas, and many teenagers dare to ink more individuality into their career options. As the Teens’ survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs — coffee shop owner, gourmet (美食家), waiter at a fast food restaurant — are among teenagers’ career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs. With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. 78．What is the passage mainly about? A．Choosing a good job is very important. B．Careers in teenagers’ mind. C．Teenagers in the U. K. like doctors. D．The choice of career needs challenge. 79．What is the top career choice among U. K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17 according to the article? A．Bank. B．Law. C．Medicine. D．Education. 80．According to the article, all of the following are the benefits of being a doctor EXCEPT ________. A．respect from others B．upward social mobility C．high pay D．the oldest profession 81．What do youngsters think is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career? A．Prestige. B．Fulfillment. C．Happiness. D．Wealth. 82．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．According to your particular talents and skills, you can choose your favorite career. B．Specific education and training can help get a good job. C．Whatever career you choose, you should balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. D．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job. 主题03 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Teenagers who talk on the cellphone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That’s the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we’re on the go. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory. This type helps us remember abstract (抽象的) symbols and shapes, explains Milena Foerster. The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Each time, they had one minute to remember 13pairs of abstract shapes. Then they were shown one item from each pair and asked to match it with one of the five choices. The study volunteers also took a test of verbal (言语的) memory. That’s the ability to remember words. The two memory tests are part of an intelligence test. The researchers also surveyed the teens on how they use cellphones. And they got call records from phone companies. The researchers used those records to figure out how long the teens were using their phones. This allowed the researchers to work out how big a radiation exposure (接触) each person could have got while talking. A phone user’s exposure to the radiation can differ widely. Some teens talk on their phones more than others. People also hold their phones differently. If the phone is close to the ear, more radiation may enter the body, Foerster notes. Even the type of network signal that a phone uses can matter. Much of Switzerland was using an older “second-generation” type of cellphone networks, the study reports. Many phone carriers (通讯公司) have moved away from such networks. And more companies plan to update their networks within the next few years. The teens’ scores in the figural memory tests were roughly the same from one year to the next. But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year. No group of teens showed big changes on the verbal memory test. Why might one type of memory be linked to cellphone use, but not another? Foerster thinks it could have to do with where different memory centers sit in the brain. The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear. 179．The underlined word “impairment” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”. A．association B．damage C．pattern D．improvement 180．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．How people hold their phones has no effect on their bodies. B．Phone users can make more money with new networks. C．The cellphone network type has little to do the cellphone use. D．Radiation levels are affected by the cellphone network types. 181．According to the study, teens who use their phones to their right ears a lot do worse in      . A．matching numbers B．reading signals C．remembering shapes D．learning words 182．What might be the best title for the text? A．Cellphone use and safety warnings B．Facts about cellphone use at school C．Dangerous levels of cellphone use among teens D．Teen’s cellphone use linked to memory problems Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市和平区耀华中学·期中） If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a second language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter (灰质). This is the area of the brain which deals with information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的).” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists. 183．In the 2nd paragraph, the writer mentions exercise in order to_________. A．say language is also a kind of physical labor B．prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language C．to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language D．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well 184．The underlined word “bilingual” probably means_________. A．a researcher on language learning B．a person who is good at learning foreign languages C．a person who can speak two languages D．an active language learner 185．Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? A．Bilinguals have greater grey matter density than those who speak only one language. B．The younger one starts to learn a second language, the more stupid he will be. C．The participants of Dr. Andrea’s team’s study are all bilinguals. D．Grey matter is an area in people’s brain only receiving information. 186．The main subject talked about in this passage is_________. A．science on learning a second language B．man’s ability of learning a second language C．language can help brain power D．language learning and maths study Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市部分区·期中） Forget drinking countless glasses of water or getting your beauty sleep. The secret of looking young is simply to stay out of sun. A study of hundreds of women has revealed that those who avoided the sun’s rays looked up to 20 years younger than they actually are. However, other supposed rules for a youthful complexion (肤色), from drinking lots of water to sleeping well and exercising regularly, failed to hold back the hands of time. Only keeping out of the sun, and wearing sunscreen when this wasn’t possible, made a difference, the American Academy of Dermatology’s annual conference will hear today. The finding comes from a study of 231 women of all ages who were quizzed about (调查) their lives, including whether they were sun-loves. When researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US guessed how old the women were, they found those who took care in the sun tended to have aged more slowly. Researcher Dr. Alexa Kimball said the popular belief that we drink lots of water to stay healthy is false and previous research by the British Nutrition Foundation reached a similar conclusion. It isn’t clear why the women who slept well didn’t have younger-looking skin. But it may be that the question they were asked was too narrow and didn’t consider their long-term sleep patterns. 187．Which way can help women stay younger according to the study? A．Drinking plenty of water. B．Having a good sleep. C．Taking exercise regularly. D．Keeping out of the sun. 188．How did the researcher get the finding? A．By interviewing 231 women face to face. B．By comparing the new research with the previous ones. C．From the results of some quizzes. D．Through the result of different games. 189．Why does sleeping well fail to make people look young? A．Because most people don’t sleep long enough. B．Because most people have wrong sleep patterns. C．Because most people lack of sleep. D．It’s unknown yet now. 190．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce a good way to make women look younger. B．To explain how scientists carried out the research. C．To prove people’s previous ideas are true. D．To persuade women to change their long-term sleep patterns. 191．The passage is most probably taken from ______. A．a school textbook B．a reference book C．a science fiction D．a science paper Passage 4 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河东区·期中） For years, divers have reported unusual attacks from sea snakes. This behavior confused scientists because land snakes prefer to avoid humans rather than attack them. Why would their sea cousins be any different? Now, a recent study says that sea snakes may not be trying to attack humans at all. “Attacks on divers by sea snakes are mostly due to males searching for females, and getting confused,” the study author Professor Rick Shine said. “Sea snakes swim directly towards divers, sometimes wrapping coils around the diver’s arms or legs and biting. Sea snakes can grow to be more than six feet long. This makes them particularly frightening for the divers who encounter them. The sea snakes do not bite very often; however, approaches are very common — and dangerous because a diver might panic.” To understand why sea snakes keep approaching divers, the researchers turned to data collected nearly 30 years ago. As a university student, the study author Tim Lynch made a total of188 dives in the Great Barrier Reef between 1994 and 1995. During these dives, which lasted approximately 30 minutes, he would record the number of sea snakes that approached him and the details of these experiences. Most of the approaches took place during the snakes’ mating season, and males were more likely to approach during this time. This led the study authors to conclude that the attacks were a case of what they call “mistaken identity”. That is a male sea snake mistaking the diver for a female sea snake. The explanation provided by Lynch and Shine answers the question of what divers should do if they find a sea snake rapidly swimming their way. “Stay calm, and let the snake check you out,” Shine advises. “It will soon realize that you’ re not a female snake, and go on its way.” 192．What can we know about sea snakes from the passage? A．They often attack divers approaching them. B．They are actually not as dangerous as they appear. C．They prefer to avoid divers rather than attack them. D．They will keep biting him or her when meeting a diver. 193．What does the underlined word “encounter” probably mean? A．Hunt for. B．Burn down. C．Come across. D．Figure out. 194．What does Shine advise a diver to do when a sea snake approaches? A．To stay calm till the sea snake leaves. B．To turn to other nearby divers for help. C．To fight against the sea snake before it attacks. D．To swim away from the sea snake as quickly as possible. 195．Why do sea snakes keep approaching divers according to the research? A．Because they see divers as a threat. B．Because they want to kill divers for food. C．Because they are searching for new habitats. D．Because they mistake divers for potential mates. Passage 5 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学·期中） Millions of people around the world are hoping to learn more about their genes (基因). But they’re not just looking for information about their family history. Increasingly, people are interested in exploring how their genes may be influencing their fitness, diet, physical abilities, and injury risk. North Americans are leading the way while Europe is becoming the fastest-growing market for genetic tests. “There’s no doubt that genes matter, but the question is how much?” said Dr. Timothy Caulfield, a professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. “Even when you look at Olympic-level long jumpers, who need highly explosive (爆发的) movements, not all of them have the gene. If it really mattered, they all would have to have it. “Indeed, scientists say there are so many factors when it comes to sporting ability and success, such as diet, sleep, training, and even-so-socieconomic backgrounds. “While the genetic tests are probably correct, the science behind how the companies are explaining the results can be flawed,” said Dr. Dylan Mackay, an assistant professor. “A lot of times these tests are based on connections rather than controlled experiments that look for cause and effect,” Mackay said. “For example, eating watermelons is connected with drowning (溺水)— because more people swim in the same season as they eat watermelons, but that doesn’t mean one causes the other.” Many people remain curious about DNA fitness tests. One such person is Devin Maier, co-owner of Balance Gym in Washington, DC． One of his customers was trying to put on muscle (肌肉) by lifting heavier weights. Based on his gene test results, Maier advised him to change to lifting lighter weights. Eventually, the customer was building the muscle he wanted. These tests offer a deeper understanding of your strengths and weaknesses, Maier pointed out. Time, and further scientific research, may shed more light on whether DNA fitness tests are, or can be useful. Caulfield said he hopes parents won’t use these tests to force their child into — or away from — a specific sport or activity. “Allow them to follow their heart, and don’t let these genetic tests make things harder than they have to be.” he said. 196．Why do many people want to learn more about their genes? A．To help scientific discoveries. B．To complete their family tree. C．To judge their health condition. D．To discover suitable work choices. 197．What does the example of Olympic-level long jumpers show? A．Explosive movements require special genes. B．Good habits are the key to athletes’ success. C．Genes don’t necessarily decide athletic talent. D．Genetic tests don’t influence sports performance. 198．What does the underlined word “flawed” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．Interesting. B．Imperfect. C．Common. D．Diffcult. 199．What does Maier say about DNA fitness tests? A．They can be an informative tool. B．They may lead to confusing results. C．They work better for professional athletes. D．They go against traditional training methods. 200．What are children probably advised to do by Caulfeld? A．Follow genetic test advice. B．Balance study and exercise. C．Explore genetic science further. D．Take up interest-based activities. 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解 议论文及说明文 议论文 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市和平区耀华中学·期中） It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why. First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? The simple answer is “You can’t”. Look around you. With very few exceptions, either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new. Another good thing about mistakes is this: When you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail so many times, he said that he hadn’t failed 10,000 times, but rather had learned 10,000 things that didn’t work. Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, you will have tried some number of things before you succeed. Every time you make a mistake, you eliminate one of those things and are one step closer. But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the results of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again. We all have limited resources in the form of time and money so don’t blow them all on one approach to a problem. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect for the first time and allocate (分配) these resources well so you can learn, make corrections, and try it again. Only by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career. There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’ re not trying hard enough.” So go ahead and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And prosper (成功). 88．From the second paragraph, we can conclude that_________. A．mistakes are unnecessary for development B．we are afraid of trying new things C．it’s common for people to make mistakes D．mistakes are better than not trying 89．According to the article, one thing you should pay attention to about making mistakes is_________. A．avoiding making the same mistakes B．accepting the punishment willingly C．taking results into consideration D．trying things out one by one 90．The article is mainly about_________. A．how to deal with mistakes B．what benefits mistakes bring C．how to achieve success D．how to make use of your mistakes 【答案】88．D 89．C 90．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了犯错误的好处，包括尝试新事物、学习和接近成功。 88．推理判断题。根据第二段中“First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? The simple answer is “You can’t”.(首先，犯错是你在尝试新事物的明确标志。尝试新事物总是有益的，因为在尝试新事物的过程中你会成长。如果你从不尝试任何新事物，又怎么能进步呢？简单的答案是：“你不能”)”可知，犯错意味着你在尝试新事物，而尝试新事物是成长和进步的必要条件，不尝试新事物就无法进步。 因此，我们可以得出结论，犯错误比不尝试要好。故选D。 89．细节理解题。根据第五段“But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the results of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again.(但这并不意味着你应该不顾后果地去尝试。恰恰相反，当你尝试新事物时，应该愿意设定一些合理的界限，以便在事情没有按你希望的方式发展时，你仍然有机会再次尝试)”可知，在尝试新事物时应该考虑结果，并设定合理的限制，也就是说在犯错时，你应该考虑结果。故选C。 90．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why.(犯错是好事，原因如下)”可知，文章主要讨论了犯错误的好处，包括尝试新事物、学习和成长、接近成功等。因此，这篇文章主要是关于错误带来的好处。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河北区·期中） Automated kitchens aren’t sci-fi scenes from shows like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, create pizzas, prepare salads and much more. AI can invent recipes (食谱) based on what a kitchen has. More advanced concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining. Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work. The benefits of AI kitchens include enabling cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand. However, there are risks to human well-being. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be diminished (减少) if the human element becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative (协作的) kitchen environment. Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household’s science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving. Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often stereotypes or oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes. Relying too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, leading to a sameness in taste. That’s akin (类似的) to the strangely similar feel of AI art images across different apps. Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives. 174．What makes AI kitchen technologies an early choice for businesses like restaurants? A．Being able to afford the high costs. B．Being specifically designed for them. C．Reducing the need for human workers. D．Improving communication among staff. 175．What potential benefit of AI kitchens is mentioned in the passage? A．Meeting various tastes. B．Saving money on food. C．Reducing kitchen waste. D．Improving family relationships. 176．What educational role does the kitchen play according to the passage? A．Cultural learning center. B．Nutrition learning environment. C．Artistic skills development space. D．Science lab for materials and chemistry. 177．What is the author’s attitude toward AI kitchens? A．The author doesn’t agree with the use of AI in kitchens. B．The author is completely in favor of AI in kitchens. C．The author is careful about using AI in kitchens. D．The author doesn’t care about AI in kitchens. 178．What’s the best title for this passage? A．AI in the Kitchen: Benefits and Risks B．Robots: The New Chefs in Restaurants C．The Impact of AI vs. Family Relationships D．Traditional Cooking Methods vs. Technology 【答案】174．A 175．A 176．D 177．C 178．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了AI厨房技术的发展及其对餐饮业和家庭生活的影响，同时分析了这种技术可能带来的社会、文化和教育层面的风险。 174．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. (由于技术一开始往往很昂贵，餐馆和其他企业是第一批使用人工智能厨房技术的人)”可知，能够负担得起高昂的成本让人工智能厨房技术成为餐馆等企业的早期选择。故选A。 175．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand. (对于个性化饮食，人工智能可以根据需要适应无数特殊的饮食和口味)”可知，AI厨房能够满足各种不同的口味需求。故选A。 176．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household’s science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving. (此外，厨房作为家庭的科学实验室，在科学教育中发挥着重要作用。烹饪的艺术帮助孩子们学习材料、化学和解决问题)”可知，厨房扮演着的教育角色为：材料与化学科学实验室。故选D。 177．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第三段“The benefits of AI kitchens include enabling cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours.   It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks.   For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand. (人工智能厨房的好处包括使厨师能够避免枯燥的任务，比如削土豆皮或在工作站站几个小时。它可以腾出时间，让人们专注于更重要的任务。对于个性化饮食，人工智能可以根据需要适应无数特殊的饮食和口味)”和第四段“However, there are risks to human well-being. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be diminished (减少) if the human element becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative (协作的) kitchen environment. (然而，这对人类福祉是有风险的。烹饪是一项很好的活动，有助于交流和自我表达，但如果人类因素变得不必要，这些好处就会减少。如果没有合作的厨房环境，家庭关系可能会受到影响)”及最后一段“Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.(便利的代价是巨大的，所以考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱是很重要的，尤其是在食品等与我们日常生活密切相关的领域)”可知，作者对AI厨房持谨慎态度，既指出了其潜在的好处，也提到了可能带来的风险，如影响家庭关系、文化多样性减少等。故选C。 178．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Convenience can come at a great cost, so it’s important to consider the possible social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.(便利可能会带来巨大的代价，因此重要的是要考虑新技术可能带来的社会干扰，特别是在与我们日常生活密切相关的食品领域。)”可知，文章探讨了AI在厨房中的应用及其带来的利弊，整篇文章围绕AI厨房技术的好处与风险展开讨论，因此最佳标题应为“AI in the Kitchen: Benefits and Risks (厨房中的人工智能：好处和风险)”。故选A。 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区天津市南开中学·期中） People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their work doing the talking, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect. The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned. Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for? It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. They are the compass (罗盘) that guides my life. The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments. From there, I can learn to treat others appropriately, depending on the context, learning from my mistakes with time and experience. It’s just a reminder that life is hard for all of us, while at the same time accepting that it’s important we are all also held accountable for our actions. I have learned that we are all deeply self-interested. I hope to be self-aware enough to check out of the power and status games. That means I’m not competing with anyone for a shiny object; I’d rather compete with myself. It’s about becoming so uniquely different that it would be an insult (侮辱) for me to measure myself against someone else. I believe if I do the work to be internally free from the pull of the power and status games, then I can add value to others based on my unique knowledge and experience. If this resonates with (与……共鸣) you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world. It’s a wonderful mystery, and I think together we can better define it — not just personally, but also collectively. 83．According to the article, which of the following is TRUE? A．Achievements are the only thing that can help people see themselves. B．People may misunderstand that they can only earn respect through external markers. C．The author is someone who is keen on power games. D．Learning from mistakes is the first step of treating others kindly. 84．In the author’s opinion, what is a better way to judge a person? . A．To know about their educational diploma first. B．To see, recognize and understand them first. C．To talk with them first. D．To know what they have done first. 85．What does the underlined word“overshadow” probably mean? A．be relatively similar to. B．cause something to be stronger than. C．make something less important. D．block off light from something. 86．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．Life is hard, so we shouldn’t criticize others when they are not responsible. B．One should draw on wider knowledge in order to judge others objectively. C．Everyone is unique, so showing off uniqueness is an insult to others. D．One should see and understand another person using a real compass. 87．Why does the author write the article? A．To promote harmonious living. B．To ask people not to judge others. C．To call on readers to learn his values. D．To share his values of understanding and relating to the world. 【答案】83．B 84．B 85．C 86．B 87．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过阐述人们通常如何通过成就来认识自己，并指出这种做法的问题，进而提出了自己对于如何更好地了解一个人的观点。同时，作者还分享了自己的价值观，并邀请读者加入自己，一起探索和理解这个复杂的世界。 83．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their work doing the talking, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect.(人们通常通过成就来认识自己。在这样做的过程中，他们最终会更加关心自己的形象，而不是自己真正的模样。他们不再让工作成果来说明一切，而是用他们希望能赢得尊重的外部标志来定义自己)”可知，人们可能会错误地认为通过外部标志（如成就、地位等）来赢得尊重。故选B。 84．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments.(我能做的最善良、最真诚的事情就是在做出判断之前，先去看清、认识和理解另一个人)”可知，作者认为判断一个人的更好方式，即首先去看清、认识和理解他们。故选B。 85．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在段“The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned.(这种做法的问题是，它鼓励自己和他人用一些相对不重要的标准来衡量自己的价值。例如，有一天，他们的学历可能会______他们真正学到的东西)”可推测，划线单词的意思应该是一个动词，表示学历可能会掩盖或使真正学到的东西变得不那么重要。因此，划线单词的意思与“掩盖”或“使……变得不那么重要”相近。选项C“make something less important(使某物变得不那么重要)”与此相符。故选C。 86．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for?(因此，我认为，要了解一个人，更好的方法是问一系列不同的问题：是什么激励着他们？是什么让他们痛苦？他们又渴望什么？)”以及第三段“The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments.(我能做的最善良、最真诚的事情就是在做出判断之前，先去看清、认识和理解另一个人。)”可推测，作者强调了在判断他人之前要先看清、认识和理解他们，这暗示了为了做出更准确的判断，需要更深入、更全面的了解。故选B。 87．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. (正是本着这种精神，我想公开分享我的价值观)”以及最后一段中“If this resonates with (与……共鸣) you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world.(如果这与你产生共鸣，我邀请你加入我理解和联系这个复杂世界的旅程)”并结合全文内容可推知，文章作者通过分享自己如何从一个以成就为自我定义的人转变为一个更注重内在成长和理解他人的人，来分享他理解和与世界相关的价值观。他邀请读者加入他，一起探索这个复杂的世界，这表明文章的主要目的是分享他的价值观。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——历史社会与文化 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市第四十七中学·期中） Some of us like to spend money as soon as we have it, while others like to hold on to money and spend it carefully. But for people who are very smart about their cash, there are a number of interesting ways to invest (投资) it and, if things go well, make a big financial profit (经济收益). Buying stamps, wine, coins and books are all different ways of investing your money. It comes with risks but can be thrilling as, hopefully, you watch the value of your investment rise. However, you need to know what you’re doing and making a lot of money is not guaranteed (保证). If you’re happy to take a risk, then one of the most well-known ways of investing is by buying artwork. By buying a painting and holding on to it, its value can increase greatly, but of course, only when you sell it do you feel the profit. Some people get quite lucky particularly when they don’t expect to make any money. There are stories of people buying a painting at an exhibition for peanuts only to find out it’s actually worth thousands of dollars. Of course, investing in artwork is not a guarantee to make you a millionaire. Patrick Connolly, a financial adviser, says investing in art is too risky and he advises his customers not to invest in it because the downside is greater than the upside. But if you’re still interested in it, there are art fairs (博览会), such as The Affordable Art Fair, and websites provide buyers with their affordable artwork. Patrick Connolly says the best way here is to buy something you like and can afford and “if it goes up in value, that should be just an added award.” If this has destroyed your plans for your investment, maybe there’s more chance of winning big money by buying a lottery ticket (彩票)! 106．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Smart people easily make a lot of money. B．Making a good investment is interesting. C．Different people spend money in different ways. D．There are disadvantages of spending money carelessly. 107．If you buy a painting, what do you have to do to get an increase in value? A．You have to sell it at a higher price. B．You need to know its real value. C．You should buy it at a low price. D．You should keep it for a long time. 108．What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Going to an exhibition to buy peanuts. B．Buying a painting for its financial profit. C．Spending a small amount of money on artwork. D．Exchanging artwork for peanuts at an exhibition. 109．Which of the following views may Patrick Connolly agree with? A．Artwork investments don’t necessarily result in the rise in value. B．Generally, people can earn more money by buying a lottery ticket. C．Buying stamps and coins is much safer than buying a painting. D．People will surely get financial profit if they invest wisely. 110．What’s mainly discussed in the passage? A．What investments guarantee a big fortune. B．Whether it’s profitable to invest in artwork. C．Where valuable works of art are available. D．How investment s influence people’s daily life. 【答案】106．C 107．A 108．C 109．A 110．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们通过投资艺术品来谋利的行为，指出投资艺术品风险太大，并不一定有利可图。 106．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some of us like to spend money as soon as we have it, while others like to hold on to money and spend it carefully. But for people who are very smart about their cash, there are a number of interesting ways to invest (投资) it and, if things go well, make a big financial profit (经济收益).(我们中的一些人喜欢一有了钱就花，而另一些人则喜欢握着钱仔细地花。但对于那些对自己的钱很聪明的人来说，有很多有趣的投资方式，如果一切顺利，还能获得巨大的经济利润)”可知，不同的人花钱的方式不同。故选C。 107．细节理解题。根据第三段“By buying a painting and holding on to it, its value can increase greatly, but of course, only when you sell it do you feel the profit.(通过购买一幅画并持有它，它的价值可以大大增加，但当然，只有当你卖掉它时，你才会感受到利润)”可知，如果你买了一幅画，你必须以更高的价格出售才能让它增值。故选A。 108．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“people buying a painting at an exhibition”以及后文“only to find out it’s actually worth thousands of dollars”可知，人们后来发现自己花很少的钱购买的艺术品实际上值几千美元。故划线词意思是“花少量的钱在艺术品上”。故选C。 109．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Patrick Connolly says the best way here is to buy something you like and can afford and “if it goes up in value, that should be just an added award.”(Patrick Connolly说，最好的办法是买你喜欢的、负担得起的东西，“如果它升值了，那应该只是一个额外的奖励。”)”可知，Patrick Connolly可能同意艺术品投资并不一定会带来价值的上升。故选A。 110．主旨大意题。根据第三段“If you’re happy to take a risk, then one of the most well-known ways of investing is by buying artwork.(如果你愿意承担风险，那么最著名的投资方式之一就是购买艺术品)”结合文章主要讨论了人们通过投资艺术品来谋利的行为，指出投资艺术品风险太大，并不一定有利可图。可知，文章主要讨论了投资艺术品是否有利可图。故选B。 说明文 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学·期中） Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is the color of most growing plants, too. Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed. A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in war. By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today — a person who is new in a job. About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west. Old-times used it to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities in the east. The greenhorn didn’t have the skills that he would need to live in the hard, rough country. Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes from the early 1900s. A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died. The Green Revolution is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs. 4．According to the passage, a greenhorn means now. A．a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed B．a soldier who has not had any experience in war C．a person who works as an unskillful beginner in a job D．a man who doesn’t have the skills to live in the country 5．The meaning of the underlined word “touch” in Paragraph 6 is . A．contact B．ability C．idea D．detail 6．Which of the following about the Green Revolution is NOT right? A．If there weren’t the Green Revolution, we would have no rice to eat. B．The expression “the Green Revolution” appeared several years ago. C．Because of the Green Revolution, we have more kinds of rice and other grains. D．Agricultural scientists with green thumbs started the Green Revolution. 7．We can know from the passage that . A．all growing plants in nature is green B．green is the most important color in nature C．a person with a green thumb can make plants grow well D．the expression “a green thumb” has a history of two hundred years 8．The main idea of the passage is . A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story 【答案】4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了“green”一词在英语文化中的多重含义，介绍了与“green”相关的表达的来源和意义。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中“By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today — a person who is new in a job. (到了18世纪，“greenhorn”就有了今天的意思——刚开始工作的人)”可知，现在这个词指的是一个在工作中不熟练的新手。故选C项。 5．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died. (如果你的植物死了很久，隔壁的女人的花园还在继续生长，你可能会说她是一个园艺高手)”可知，园艺高手具有让植物长得又快又好的特殊能力，画线词意思应该与ability“能力”意思一致。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Green Revolution is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs. (绿色革命是几年前对新型水稻和其他谷物的开发所起的名字。这种新作物的产量要大得多。绿色革命是那些擅长园艺的农业科学家辛勤工作的结果)”可知，B项“‘绿色革命’一词出现于几年前”，C项“因为绿色革命，我们有了更多种类的水稻和其他谷物”，D项“擅长园艺的农业科学家开启了绿色革命”均符合文意，A项“如果没有绿色革命，我们将没有饭吃”与原文不符。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据第六段中“You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died. (如果你的植物死了很久，隔壁的女人的花园还在继续生长，你可能会说她是一个园艺高手)”可知，一个有园艺才能的人可以让植物长得很好。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是“Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe.(有时，绿色这个词意味着年轻，新鲜和成长。有时，它用来形容尚未完成的事情或尚未成熟的植物。)”以及“About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west.(大约一百年前，greenhorn在美国西部是一个流行的表达。) ”等可知，本文主要探讨“green”一词在英语文化中的多重含义，介绍了与“green”相关的表达的来源和意义。因此，文章主旨是“green”这个词及其故事。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河东区·期中） If you ask me what my favourite sport is, my answer will be swimming. I started learning how to swim when I was five years old and I have been swimming ever since. There are many reasons why I love swimming but I’ll just share a few with you, and maybe I can even encourage you to go for a swim. The first reason why I love swimming is that it can be extremely relaxing. I love the feeling of floating on the water and feeling almost weightless. I find that whenever I leave the pool I feel totally relaxed. On the other hand, it can also be a fast-paced competitive sport which raises your heartbeat. It’s amazing pushing yourself to the challenge of beating someone else to the finish line and it’s great fun racing across the pool as fast as you can! Trying little tricks like underwater handstands and flips (空翻) also puts a big smile on my face. Another reason why I love swimming is that it has more varieties than other sports. Swimming offers many different strokes (游泳的游法), so it doesn’t feel like you’re stuck doing the same thing over and over again. Adding swimming equipment like flippers, a snorkel or a noodle changes the experience yet again and can help you develop your swimming technique. In the summer, swimming provides a nice, refreshing break! There’s nothing better than jumping into the water on a hot, sweltering summer’s day. The pool makes you feel instantly better. And I think it adds to the summer holiday feeling, as for me the summer months are when I swim most. And finally, it’s a life skill which everyone should have. Not only is it good for your health, but you never know when you’ll need your ability to swim. 19．How does the writer feel after a swim? A．Relaxed. B．Tired. C．Confused. D．Sad. 20．What makes the writer love swimming more than other sports? A．The challenge of swimming. B．Much swimming equipment. C．The variety of swimming. D．Underwater handstands and flips. 21．What does the underlined word “noodle” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? A．Something to eat. B．Something to improve health. C．Something to add weight. D．Something to help you swim. 【答案】19．A 20．C 21．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过介绍作者喜欢游泳这项运动的原因，介绍了游泳的好处。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first reason why I love swimming is that it can be extremely relaxing.(我喜欢游泳的第一个原因是它可以非常放松。)”以及下文的“I find that whenever I leave the pool I feel totally relaxed.(我发现，每当我离开游泳池，我感到完全放松。)”可知，游泳是非常放松的，作者游泳后感觉非常放松。故选A项。 20．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Another reason why I love swimming is that it has more varieties than other sports.(我喜欢游泳的另一个原因是它比其他运动有更多的种类。)” 可知，作者喜欢游泳的另一个原因是它比其他运动更具有多样性。故选C项。 21．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句中“Adding swimming equipment like flippers, a snorkel or(加上游泳装备，比如脚蹼，通气管或者)”以及空后“changes the experience yet again and can help you develop your swimming technique(再一次改变你的体验，可以帮助你提高游泳技术。)”可知，此处是对游泳设备进行举例说明；由此可知，划线单词noodle与“脚蹼，通气管”都属于帮助游泳的工具。故选D项。 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区·期中） The best way to learn new skills has been widely debated. In 2008, Malcolm Gladwell published Outliers, which introduced the so-called “10,000 hours rule” that states it takes 10,000 hours to become an expert in a subject. But from a psychological perspective, what makes someone a master learner? Let’s break down what this involves.You’re willing to learn from people you don’t like. We tend to get annoyed with people who don’t share our view of the world. People who are different from us will tend to approach problems differently. That’s exactly why they offer opportunities to learn. You don’t need to buy into someone’s’ values about the world to learn from them and they can offer a new perspective.You’re ready to learn through different modes and channels. Stick to one comfortable mode of learning is a bad idea. Master learners are willing to learn from lots of sources, including the following: technical dry books or manuals, YouTube or Instagram, calling or visiting people they don’t know, searching the internet and through friendships and social relationships.You can reflect on your work and think outside of the box. Master learners don’t just become good in their field. They think about what they learn in ways that aren’t focused on one topic. The smartest, most creative people don’t rely solely on focus for getting things done. They allow their minds to move in creative ways and connect seemingly diverse concepts and tools that other people don’t connect.You approach learning with your learning objectives in mind. I love learning about other people’s learning processes. I once watched a video made by a medical student who stopped going to lectures. She recognized that the lectures weren’t as efficient or effective as reading her own books .Master learners don’t follow someone ease’s learning plan. For example, they don`t use one language learning app for hundreds of lessons without exploring other options. They develop their own learning plan based on their specific learning objectives. 169．According to the text, what is a characteristic of master learners? A．They only learn from people they like. B．They reflect on their work and think creatively. C．They strictly keep up with one mode of learning. D．They blind follow someone else’s learning plan. 170．What does the author suggest about Malcolm Gladwell’s’10,000 hours rule’? A．The psychological view differs from this rule. B．It’s the only way to become an expert. C．It’s not relevant in today’s world. D．It’s a widely accepted theory. 171．Why do master learners find value in learning from diverse sources? A．Because they can’t focus on one thing at a time. B．Because it’s easier than traditional methods. C．Because they want to appear well-rounded. D．Because they want to get a new perspective. 172．What did the medical student realize about her lectures? A．They were more efficient, than reading books. B．They provided better insights than videos. C．They were necessary for passing exams. D．They weren’t as effective as self-study. 173．What is a key aspect of master learners when it comes to their learning goals? A．They always follow a predefined path. B．They develop their own learning plans. C．They don’t have specific objectives. D．They rely solely on apps for learning. 【答案】169．B 170．A 171．D 172．D 173．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了从心理学的角度来说是什么让一个人成为学习大师？ 169．细节理解题。根据第五段“You can reflect on your work and think outside of the box.(你可以反思你的工作，跳出思维定势。)”可知，大师型学习者的特点是他们反思自己的工作，创造性地思考。故选B项。 170．推理判断题。根据第二段“But from a psychological perspective, what makes someone a master learner?(但从心理学的角度来看，是什么让一个人成为学习大师？)”可知，作者认为心理学观点与“一万个小时法则”不同。故选A项。 171．细节理解题。根据第三段“You don’t need to buy into someone’s’ values about the world to learn from them and they can offer a new perspective.(你不需要接受别人对世界的价值观来向他们学习，他们可以提供一个新的视角。)”可知，大师级学习者从不同的资源中发现学习的价值是因为他们想要一个新的视角。故选D项。 172．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I once watched a video made by a medical student who stopped going to lectures. She recognized that the lectures weren’t as efficient or effective as reading her own books(我曾经看过一个医科学生制作的视频，他不再去上课了。她意识到，讲课没有读她自己的书那么有效率或有效。)”可知，医科学生认为她的讲座不如自学有效。故选D项。 173．细节理解题。根据最后一段“They develop their own learning plan based on their specific learning objectives.(他们根据自己的具体学习目标制定自己的学习计划。)”可知，当谈到他们的学习目标时，大师学习者的一个关键方面是他们制定自己的学习计划。故选B项。 主题03 人与社会——文学艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市河北区·期中） Beer and eggs are commonly seen in the kitchen. However, scientists recently found that they were used in historic paintings, too. To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork. According to their paper published in Science-Advances, grains and yeast (酵母) were found on the base of the paintings. Beer was the most common drink in the 19th century in Denmark, and its by-products were spent (用过已废的) grains and yeast. The study showed that they were used to provide a stable painting surface. Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a “glue” because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster. Apart from beer, egg has long been found in oil-based paints used by artists in the 15th century, such as Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks. The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint. They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth. However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period. The more we understand how artists choose and use their materials, the more we can “appreciate what they’re doing”, Ken Sutherland, an expert at the Art Institute of Chicago, US, told Science News. Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks. 146．What is the main purpose of the research mentioned in the passage? A．To find out how eggs can help to protect the artworks. B．To study the history of beer and egg consumption in Denmark. C．To explore the benefits of beer and egg consumption for artists. D．To research the composition of ancient paint for protecting Danish paintings. 147．Why were beer by-products used in historic Danish paintings? A．To keep the paintings clean. B．To help the colors stick better. C．To give the painting a different look. D．To make the paintings more colorful. 148．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Kept. B．Shared. C．Controlled. D．Discovered. 149．How did yolk’s proteins help preserve artworks? A．By adding color to the paint. B．By making the paint dry faster. C．By wrinkling the paint with oil. D．By slowing down the oxidation of the paint. 150．According to Ken Sutherland, the research like this provides . A．preservation techniques for paintings B．deeper understanding of the artworks C．more appreciation for artists’ materials D．insights into the history of art materials 【答案】146．D 147．B 148．D 149．D 150．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。啤酒和鸡蛋在厨房里很常见，科学家通过研究发现它们也被以前的艺术家添加在绘画颜料中，用于保护画作。 146．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To preserve Danish paintings, a group of researchers studied what was the composition of ancient paint or what it was made of. They did experiments on small pieces of paintings that had already been cut off from the original artwork.(为了保存丹麦绘画，一组研究人员研究了古代绘画的成分或它是由什么制成的。他们在已经从原作上剪下来的小块画上做实验。)”可知，为了保存丹麦绘画研究人员研究了古代绘画的成分或它是由什么制成的；由此可知，这项研究的目的是研究古代绘画颜料的成分以保护丹麦绘画。故选D。 147．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Researchers also pointed out that beer by-product was used as a ‘glue’ because it had a lot of sugar. With beer added, the paint can also dry faster.(研究人员还指出，啤酒副产品被用作‘胶水’是因为它含有大量的糖。加入啤酒后，颜料也能干得更快。)”可知，在丹麦的历史绘画中啤酒副产品起到“胶水”的作用，让颜料粘得更牢，此外加入啤酒后，颜料也能干得更快。故选B。 148．词句猜测题。根据第六段“The researchers re-created the ancient paint by adding egg yolks (蛋黄) to oil paint. They then looked into how it changed over time. The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth.(研究人员通过在油画颜料中加入蛋黄，重现了这种古老的颜料。然后他们研究了它是如何随时间变化的。研究结果表明，蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，因为鸡蛋使颜料更光滑。)”以及第七段中“However, the oil paint with added egg usually takes longer to dry. It seemed fine for artists. They were willing to accept that their work would be preserved for a longer period.(然而，加入鸡蛋的油画颜料通常需要更长的时间才能干透。这对艺术家来说似乎还不错。他们愿意接受他们的作品将被保存更长的时间。)”可知，研究人员发现蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，加入鸡蛋的油画颜料通常需要更长的时间才能干透，让作品能够保存更长时间；由此可知，研究人员发现颜料中添加鸡蛋如何帮助保存画作，划线词所在句“A recent study published in Nature Communications may have “cracked” the secret of how eggs can help preserve artworks.(最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究可能已经‘cracked’了鸡蛋如何帮助保存艺术品的秘密。)”表达的意思是：最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究可能已经破解了鸡蛋如何帮助保存艺术品的秘密；划线单词cracked为“破解，发现”的意思，与D项Discovered“发现”意思一致。故选D。 149．细节理解题。根据第六段中“The findings showed that the proteins in the yolk helped to slow down the oxidation (氧化) of the paint and reduce wrinkling (皱褶) as the egg makes the paint more smooth.(研究结果表明，蛋黄中的蛋白质有助于减缓颜料的氧化和减少褶皱，因为鸡蛋使颜料更光滑。)”可知，蛋黄中的蛋白质通过减缓颜料的氧化来帮助保存艺术品。故选D。 150．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sutherland added that research like this could help people have a deeper understanding of the artworks.(Sutherland补充说，这样的研究可以帮助人们更深入地了解这些艺术品。)”可知，Ken Sutherland认为这样的研究可以帮助人们更深入地了解这些艺术品。故选B。 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市南开区·期中） A British teacher called Andria Zafirakou won SI million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher. She plans to use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria, who teaches at a secondary school in North London, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change.” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort — whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star— into schools to work with and inspire children. Andria Zafirakou started the project at Alperton Community School where she has worked for 12 years. “I’ve seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by — their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists, more than ever in our schools.” Michael Craig-Martin, an artist, said: “Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.” “It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary,” he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He thinks that arts education in schools is not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries.” 42．What does Andria Zafirakou plan to do with the $1 million prize money`, A．She will invite special figures into UK schools to teach art. B．She will donate it to local artists to support their career. C．She will keep the money for herself for travelling. D．She will use it to start an art school to help locals. 43．Where did Andria Zafirakou begin her project? A．At a primary school in North London B．At a community center in London C．At a secondary school in South London D．At Alperton Community School 44．According to Sir Simon Schama, why is arts education important for the future? A．Because creativity is essential for the future. B．Because it will help students get jobs in the AI industry. C．Because it helps students get better grades. D．Because it is an optional extra in the curriculum. 45．What can be inferred about Andria Zafirakou’s feelings towards the current state of arts education in schools? . A．She doesn’t care about it. B．She believes it is entirely settled. C．She thinks it is being neglected and needs more attention. D．She feels it should be completely replaced with technology-focused teaching. 46．What would be an appropriate title for this article? A．Andria Zafirakou: World’s Best Teacher for a New Classroom Reality B．The Future of Arts Education: Andria Zafirakou’s Vision C．Artists in Schools: The Andria Zafirakou Initiative D．Andria Zafirakou: A Million Dollars to Revolutionize UK Education 【答案】42．A 43．D 44．A 45．C 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一位名叫Andria Zafirakou的英国老师在被评为世界上最好的老师后获得了100万英镑的奖金。她计划用这笔钱把鼓舞人心的人物带到英国的学校教孩子们艺术以及她这样做的原因。 42．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“She plans to use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.(她计划用这笔钱把鼓舞人心的人物带到英国的学校。)”和第二段的句子“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort — whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star— into schools to work with and inspire children.(这个项目源于许多学校在聘请艺术家方面遇到的困难——无论是一个崭露头角的当地音乐家还是一个主要的电影明星——进入学校与孩子们一起工作并激励他们。)”可知，Andria Zafirakou打算用100万美元的奖金邀请一些特殊人物到英国学校教授艺术。故选A项。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Andria Zafirakou started the project at Alperton Community School where she has worked for 12 years. (Andria Zafirakou在Alperton社区学校开始了这个项目，她在那里工作了12年。)”可知，Andria Zafirakou在Alperton社区学校开始了这个项目。故选D项。 44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He thinks that arts education in schools is not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries.”(历史学家西蒙·沙玛爵士也是该项目的支持者。他认为学校的艺术教育不只是一种附加。“这是绝对必要的。未来靠创造力，创造力靠年轻人。当人工智能接管世界时，留给我们的将是我们的创造力，而这正是我们的创造精神，我们对新鲜事物的远见卓识，几个世纪以来一直是我们的力量。”)”可知，西蒙·沙玛爵士认为，艺术教育对未来很重要是因为创造力对未来至关重要。故选A项。 45．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.(我已经开始了一个项目来促进我们学校的艺术教学。)”，第二段“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort — whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star— into schools to work with and inspire children.(这个项目源于许多学校在聘请艺术家方面遇到的困难——无论是一个崭露头角的当地音乐家还是一个主要的电影明星——进入学校与孩子们一起工作并激励他们。)”和第三段最后一句“We need artists, more than ever in our schools.(我们的学校比以往任何时候都更需要艺术家。)”可以推论出，Andria Zafirakou认为艺术教育被忽视了，需要更多的关注。故选C项。 46．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一位名叫Andria Zafirakou的英国老师在被评为世界上最好的老师后获得了100万英镑的奖金。她计划用这笔钱把鼓舞人心的人物带到英国的学校教孩子们艺术。所以，用C项“Artists in Schools: The Andria Zafirakou Initiative(艺术家在学校：Andria Zafirakou倡议)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市第一百中学等校联考·期中） The US $2.6 billion (2022) bubble tea (珍珠奶茶) market will reach US$6.2 billion by 2032, according to Brainy Insights' new report. The bubble tea industry has had huge growth throughout the years and is still growing rapidly. The market is expected to increase as a result of factors such as rising consumer need, new product development, globalization, and the growing interest in Asian food and drinks. Taiwan, China is where bubble tea was originally consumed and introduced, and one of the biggest drinkers of bubble tea is Thailand, where each person had six cups of bubble tea on average monthly in December 2019. The usage of social media by consumers and influencers also increased product need for bubble tea in the Asia Pacific region. The market for bubble tea has a significant fruit favor category (类别) that provides consumers with a variety of delicious choices. For those who enjoy bubble tea, fruit flavors are popular because they give the traditional tea-based drink a fruity touch. Bubble teashops usually develop unique tastes by mixing several fruits together. For example, strawberries and mango can be mixed for a special flavor. These creative pairings satisfy the needs of customers who are looking for unique and fascinating flavor experiences. In the bubble tea market, the green tea category is expected to grow at the fastest speed. This is because green tea is full of goodness . Many bubble tea businesses now offer lower-sugar or sugar-free varieties, as well as different milk choices such as soy milk. These healthier bubble teas have attracted customers who love healthy products, making the bubble tea customer base bigger. The new online platforms — like TikTok — have allowed bubble tea businesses to attract more consumers and increase sales. For bubble tea businesses, putting up a strong online presence is very important. 57．Which word can best describe the bubble tea industry in the near future? A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Slow-growing. D．Hopeless 58．What role do social media influencers play? A．They help increase product quality. B．They bring Thailand to more people's attention. C．They contribute to ever-growing consumer need. D．They bring people in the Asia Pacific region together. 59．Why is the green tea category so popular? A．It provides unique flavor experiences. B．Green tea has a positive health effect. C．It helps keep the traditional tea drink alive. D．Green tea can be paired with various foods. 60．What are bubble tea businesses like now according to the forth paragraph? A．They’re trying to offer personalized service. B．They’re discouraging people from buying sugary drinks. C．They’re reaching their customers by offering various choices. D．They’re turning to younger generations to build up their customer base. 61．Which aspect for bubble tea businesses is stressed (强调) in the last paragraph? A．An eye-catching name. B．A right location. C．A variety of delicious choices. D．A strong online presence. 【答案】57．B 58．C 59．B 60．C 61．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲珍珠奶茶行业多年来一直有着巨大的增长，并且仍在快速增长。 57．推理判断题。由文章第一段“The bubble tea industry has had huge growth throughout the years and is still growing rapidly. The market is expected to increase as a result of factors such as rising consumer need, new product development, globalization, and the growing interest in Asian food and drinks.(珍珠奶茶行业多年来一直有着巨大的增长，并且仍在快速增长。由于消费者需求上升、新产品开发、全球化以及对亚洲食品和饮料的兴趣日益浓厚等因素，市场预计将增长。)”可知，珍珠奶茶行业在将来前景光明。故选B项。 58．细节理解题。由文章第二段“The usage of social media by consumers and influencers also increased product need for bubble tea in the Asia Pacific region.(消费者和影响者对社交媒体的使用也增加了亚太地区对奶茶的产品需求。)”可知，社交媒体有助于满足日益增长的消费者需求。故选C项。 59．细节理解题。由文章第三段“In the bubble tea market, the green tea category is expected to grow at the fastest speed. This is because green tea is full of goodness.(在珍珠奶茶市场中，绿茶类别预计将以最快的速度增长。这是因为绿茶富含营养。)”可知，绿茶类之所以如此受欢迎，是因为绿茶具有积极的健康作用。故选B项。 60．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Many bubble tea businesses now offer lower-sugar or sugar-free varieties, as well as different milk choices such as soy milk. These healthier bubble teas have attracted customers who love healthy products, making the bubble tea customer base bigger.(许多奶茶企业现在提供低糖或无糖品种，以及不同的牛奶选择，如豆浆。这些更健康的奶茶吸引了喜欢健康产品的顾客，使奶茶的客户群更大。)”可知，奶茶企业通过提供各种选择来吸引顾客。故选C项。 61．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“The new online platforms—like TikTok—have allowed bubble tea businesses to attract more consumers and increase sales. For bubble tea businesses, putting up a strong online presence is very important.(TikTok等新的在线平台使奶茶企业能够吸引更多消费者并增加销售额。对于奶茶企业来说，建立强大的网络存在感非常重要。)”可知，建立强大的网络存在感对奶茶企业来说非常重要。故选D项。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Starting high school can be difficult. Everyone is nervous and nobody knows where to go for classes. Thinking about making new friends might make you feel nervous, too. But don’t worry. You are not alone. You are going to school with a group of students who are also your age, and we have several tips to share. Forget your fear and just talk to someone.It might be easier said than done, but try to take a deep breath and voice. Don’t be afraid to approach people. Introduce yourself and start a conversation about something you have in common. Sit in the middle of the classroom with as many new friends around you as possible. Join clubs. Join after-school activities that interest you and make friends in the club. If you don’t join anything, you will be just going to class and then going home. Being in a club forces you to be more social. Stay clean. No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over. Shower every day, brush your teeth and wash your hair. Try to make yourself look neat, whatever you wear. Be respectful of people’s differences. Everyone has his or her own opinion about the world and everyone believes in different things. It’s a good thing to have friends with different opinions because you can each share your own. We hope these tips can help you. The Student Union is always ready to offer help. And you are welcome to join us! 62．According to the article, why is it beneficial to have friends with different opinions? A．It makes you more popular. B．It helps you win arguments. C．It promotes exchange of ideas. D．It prevents arguments. 63．What is one suggestion for overcoming nervousness and making friends in high school? A．Calm down and have a talk actively. B．Stay silent in class to avoid attention. C．Avoid talking to anyone on the first day. D．Only interact with your previous schoolmates. 64．What is the main purpose of joining clubs in high school, according to the article? A．To improve personal value. B．To improve social interaction. C．To do well in academic studies. D．To have a reason to leave school early. 【答案】62．C 63．A 64．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何适应高一的新生活。 62．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s a good thing to have friends with different opinions because you can each share your own.(有不同观点的朋友是件好事，因为你们可以分享自己的观点。)”可知，有不同意见的朋友是有益的是因为它促进了思想的交流。故选C。 63．细节理解题。根据第三段“Forget your fear and just talk to someone.It might be easier said than done, but try to take a deep breath and voice. Don’t be afraid to approach people. Introduce yourself and start a conversation about something you have in common.(忘掉你的恐惧，找个人聊聊天。这可能说起来容易做起来难，但试着深呼吸，大声说出来。不要害怕接近别人。介绍你自己，并开始谈论一些你们的共同点。)”可知，在高中克服紧张和交朋友的一个建议是冷静下来，积极地谈一谈。故选A。 64．推理判断题。根据Join clubs.部分的“Being in a club forces you to be more social.(参加俱乐部会迫使你更善于交际。)”可知，参加高中社团的主要目的是改善社交互动。故选B。 主题02人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） A few weeks ago, my teenage daughter failed a test. She was embarrassed, angry, anxious and there were tears in her eyes. This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take. She took some time to complain to me. Then I saw something interesting. She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills. This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad. We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth. Trauma, defined as an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, attack, natural disaster, or other life-changing happenings, is painful and even can be harmful. Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth. In one study, researchers surveyed nearly 385 people who experienced financial adversity, even while working full-time. These people are also the parents or primary caregivers or young children in education. And those surveyed had either been sick with an illness or had a loved one who’s been in bad health. Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life. Some said they experienced spiritual growth and 11 percent reported they discovered new opportunities. Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity. 73．How did the author’s daughter react after failing the test? A．She blamed other people for her failure. B．She felt grateful and meant to improve. C．She became more anxious and angrier. D．She refused to take responsibility. 74．What positive change did the author observe in their daughter? A．She became more frighted of difficulties in life. B．She developed a stronger support system. C．She became more negative and disappointed. D．She grew up and understood the value of hardships. 75．What did the study mentioned in the article tell about surveyed people? A．They became more disconnected from others. B．They developed responsible attitude towards their families. C．They had a better family and increased appreciation for life. D．They experienced a decline in their overall well-being. 76．How does hardship contribute to personal growth according to the article? A．It prevents a person from healing from trauma. B．It limits personal ability to adapt to adversity. C．It encourages a person to find different solutions and develops confidence. D．It results in long-term negative effects on a person’s emotional well-being. 77．What is the main message of the article regarding adversity and growth? A．Hardship can lead to personal growth. B．Traumatic events leave only harmful effects. C．Adversity always leads to negative outcomes. D．People who face trauma are unable to heal from it. 【答案】73．B 74．D 75．C 76．C 77．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。 73．细节理解题。根据第二段“She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills.(她讲了个笑话使自己平静下来。她对自己没有更大的麻烦表示感谢。然后，她制定了一个计划，与她的老师交谈，以提高她的技能)”可知，作者的女儿在考试不及格后心怀感激，想要改进。故选B项。 74．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.(这与几年前我看到的那个面对失望的孩子有了很大的变化，那个曾经不愿意承担责任、责怪别人的孩子，这表明她已经长大了，懂得了坏事中的好事)”可知，作者在他们的女儿身上观察到女儿长大了，懂得了艰辛的价值。故选D项。 75．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life.(尽管有这些逆境，88%的受访者表示，他们现在有了更牢固的家庭关系，对生活有了更大的感激)”可知，研究告诉了被调查者他们有了更好的家庭，对生活有了更多的感激。故选C项。 76．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它。当我们这样做时，我们不仅能够治愈与之相关的创伤，还能再次茁壮成长。我们建立信心和经验，这将有助于我们下次面对逆境)”可知，困难鼓励一个人找到不同的解决方案，培养信心去促进个人成长。故选C项。 77．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。结合第三段的“We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth.(我们期望我们的孩子学习和成长，但他们中的许多人也会在逆境中成长，甚至在创伤后茁壮成长)”和最后一段的“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它)”可知，这篇文章关于逆境和成长的主要信息是困难可以带来个人成长。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学·期中） “When I grow up, I want to be...” Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school. However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the U. K. in May 2011 by job website monster, co. uk, in which medicine was the top choice among U. K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17. Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social, mobility. It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking and see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. British young men list the U. K. tycoon Alan Sugar, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg as their top role models “for their wealth”. Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”. However, not every child has the makings of doctor, lawyer, or banker. They are those who see fulfillment and happiness in other areas, and many teenagers dare to ink more individuality into their career options. As the Teens’ survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs — coffee shop owner, gourmet (美食家), waiter at a fast food restaurant — are among teenagers’ career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs. With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. 78．What is the passage mainly about? A．Choosing a good job is very important. B．Careers in teenagers’ mind. C．Teenagers in the U. K. like doctors. D．The choice of career needs challenge. 79．What is the top career choice among U. K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17 according to the article? A．Bank. B．Law. C．Medicine. D．Education. 80．According to the article, all of the following are the benefits of being a doctor EXCEPT ________. A．respect from others B．upward social mobility C．high pay D．the oldest profession 81．What do youngsters think is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career? A．Prestige. B．Fulfillment. C．Happiness. D．Wealth. 82．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．According to your particular talents and skills, you can choose your favorite career. B．Specific education and training can help get a good job. C．Whatever career you choose, you should balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills. D．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job. 【答案】78．B 79．C 80．D 81．D 82．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。章讲述的是我们每个人都思考过我们将来喜欢的职业，或者曾经被问到过我们想做的职业。律师，医生，银行家是大多数青少年所喜欢的行业，而现在很多人也开始关注其它领域的成就和快乐，把个人的个性和事业结合起来，比如美食家等等。 78．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school.(几乎我们所有人都考虑过，或者被要求考虑我们未来的职业生涯。我们的答案可能大不相同。即使是现在，你的志向也可能从小学时开始发生了变化)”、最后一段“With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.(每一个选择都伴随着责任和挑战，所有的职业道路都需要特定的教育和培训，你必须学会在乐观和自信与对自己的特定才能和技能保持现实之间取得平衡)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲青少年比较喜欢的职业和原因，即青少年心目中的职业。故选B项。 79．细节理解题。由文章第三段“This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the U. K. in May 2011 by job website monster, co. uk, in which medicine was the top choice among U. K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17.(这与2011年5月由求职网站monster，co.uk在英国进行的一项类似调查一致。在该调查中，医学是英国13至17岁青少年的首选)”可知，根据这篇文章所讲，医学是英国13至17岁青少年的首选职业。故选C项。 80．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society and they make good money. Joining these high-profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social, mobility.(医学和法律是最古老、最著名的两个职业。他们的声望可能来自这样一个事实，即医生和律师是社会上最受尊敬的成员之一，他们赚了很多钱。加入这些高调的职业通常被视为社会向上流动的标志。)”可知，当医生能够获得别人的尊重、进入上流社会的标志以及高报酬。而D项“最古老的职业”文章未提及。故选D项。 81．细节理解题。由文章第五段“Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. (财富正日益成为事业成功的最重要指标之一)”可知，年轻人认为财富越来越成为事业成功的最重要指标之一。故选D项。 82．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.(每一个选择都伴随着责任和挑战，所有的职业道路都需要特定的教育和培训，你必须学会在乐观和自信与对自己的特定才能和技能保持现实之间取得平衡)”可知，作者认为，无论你选择什么职业，你都应该在乐观和自信与对自己的特定才能和技能持现实态度之间取得平衡。故选C项。 主题03 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市耀华中学·期中） Teenagers who talk on the cellphone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That’s the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we’re on the go. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory. This type helps us remember abstract (抽象的) symbols and shapes, explains Milena Foerster. The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Each time, they had one minute to remember 13pairs of abstract shapes. Then they were shown one item from each pair and asked to match it with one of the five choices. The study volunteers also took a test of verbal (言语的) memory. That’s the ability to remember words. The two memory tests are part of an intelligence test. The researchers also surveyed the teens on how they use cellphones. And they got call records from phone companies. The researchers used those records to figure out how long the teens were using their phones. This allowed the researchers to work out how big a radiation exposure (接触) each person could have got while talking. A phone user’s exposure to the radiation can differ widely. Some teens talk on their phones more than others. People also hold their phones differently. If the phone is close to the ear, more radiation may enter the body, Foerster notes. Even the type of network signal that a phone uses can matter. Much of Switzerland was using an older “second-generation” type of cellphone networks, the study reports. Many phone carriers (通讯公司) have moved away from such networks. And more companies plan to update their networks within the next few years. The teens’ scores in the figural memory tests were roughly the same from one year to the next. But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year. No group of teens showed big changes on the verbal memory test. Why might one type of memory be linked to cellphone use, but not another? Foerster thinks it could have to do with where different memory centers sit in the brain. The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear. 179．The underlined word “impairment” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”. A．association B．damage C．pattern D．improvement 180．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．How people hold their phones has no effect on their bodies. B．Phone users can make more money with new networks. C．The cellphone network type has little to do the cellphone use. D．Radiation levels are affected by the cellphone network types. 181．According to the study, teens who use their phones to their right ears a lot do worse in      . A．matching numbers B．reading signals C．remembering shapes D．learning words 182．What might be the best title for the text? A．Cellphone use and safety warnings B．Facts about cellphone use at school C．Dangerous levels of cellphone use among teens D．Teen’s cellphone use linked to memory problems 【答案】179．B 180．D 181．C 182．D 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了一项新的发现，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳旁的青少年得分更低，这可能是手机辐射的副作用之一。 179．词句猜测题。根据前文“Teenagers who talk on the cellphone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test.(在一项记忆力测试中，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳旁的青少年得分更低)”以及根据下文“one side effect of the radiation (放射线) ”（放射线副作用）可知，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳旁的青少年记忆力变差，推知memory impairment应是“记忆力损害”之意，所以impairment应和B项damage意思相近。故选B项。 180．推理判断题。根据第三段“Even the type of network signal that a phone uses can matter. Much of Switzerland was using an older “second-generation” type of cellphone networks, the study reports. Many phone carriers (通讯公司) have moved away from such networks. And more companies plan to update their networks within the next few years.(甚至手机使用的网络信号类型也很重要。该研究报告称，瑞士大部分地区使用的是较旧的“第二代”手机网络。许多电话运营商已经放弃了这种网络。更多的公司计划在未来几年内更新他们的网络)”可推知，辐射水平受手机网络类型的影响。故选D项。 181．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The teens’ scores in the figural memory tests were roughly the same from one year to the next. But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year. No group of teens showed big changes on the verbal memory test.(青少年在图形记忆测试中的得分每年都大致相同。但是，那些平时把手机放在右耳附近的人，以及那些暴露在更高水平辐射下的人，一年后的得分略差一些。没有一组青少年在言语记忆测试中表现出很大的变化)”可知，根据这项研究，经常用右耳打电话的青少年在图形记忆方面表现更差。故选C项。 182．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Teenagers who talk on the cellphone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears,score worse on one type of memory test. That’s the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation that phones use to keep us connected while we’re on the go.(在一项记忆力测试中，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳旁的青少年得分更低。这是一项新研究的发现。这种记忆损伤可能是手机辐射的副作用之一，手机在我们忙碌的时候用来保持联系)”结合后文的实验可知，本文主要讲述了手机的使用可能影响青少年的记忆力，所以D项“Teen’s cellphone use linked to memory problems(青少年使用手机与记忆力问题有关)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市和平区耀华中学·期中） If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a second language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter (灰质). This is the area of the brain which deals with information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的).” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists. 183．In the 2nd paragraph, the writer mentions exercise in order to_________. A．say language is also a kind of physical labor B．prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language C．to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language D．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well 184．The underlined word “bilingual” probably means_________. A．a researcher on language learning B．a person who is good at learning foreign languages C．a person who can speak two languages D．an active language learner 185．Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? A．Bilinguals have greater grey matter density than those who speak only one language. B．The younger one starts to learn a second language, the more stupid he will be. C．The participants of Dr. Andrea’s team’s study are all bilinguals. D．Grey matter is an area in people’s brain only receiving information. 186．The main subject talked about in this passage is_________. A．science on learning a second language B．man’s ability of learning a second language C．language can help brain power D．language learning and maths study 【答案】183．D 184．C 185．A 186．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学习第二语言能够增加大脑灰质密度，从而提高智力。 183．推理判断题。通过文章第二段中“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which deals with information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. (根据英国一所大学的新研究，学习第二种语言可以增强你的脑力。研究人员发现，学习其他语言会改变大脑中的灰质，这是处理信息的脑区。这种情况类似于锻炼对肌肉的增强作用)”可推知，作者将学习语言与锻炼肌肉进行了类比，目的是说明学习语言对大脑灰质的积极影响。 因此，作者提到锻炼是为了让人们相信语言学习有助于大脑灰质更好地工作。故选D项。 184．词句猜测题。根据文中画线词下文“who had learnt a second language before the age of five (在五岁之前就学会了第二种语言的人)”可知，“early bilinguals”是在五岁之前就学会了第二种语言的人，即早期双语者，从而推知，画线词“bilingual”指的是会说两种语言的人。故选C项。 185．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. (扫描结果显示，双语者的脑内灰质密度大于那些不会第二种语言的人)”可知，双语者比只说一种语言的人有更高的灰质密度。故选A项。 186．主旨大意题。通读全文，再通过文章第二段中“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. (根据英国一所大学的新研究，学习第二种语言可以增强你的脑力)”以及第四段““Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. (“我们的研究结果表明，学习第二种语言的经历会改变大脑的结构，”科学家们说。这意味着这种变化本身就会提高学习的能力)”可推知，文章主要讨论了学习第二语言对大脑灰质的影响，以及这种影响如何提高人的智力。 因此，文章的主要主题是语言可以帮助提高智力。故选C项。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上·天津市部分区·期中） Forget drinking countless glasses of water or getting your beauty sleep. The secret of looking young is simply to stay out of sun. A study of hundreds of women has revealed that those who avoided the sun’s rays looked up to 20 years younger than they actually are. However, other supposed rules for a youthful complexion (肤色), from drinking lots of water to sleeping well and exercising regularly, failed to hold back the hands of time. Only keeping out of the sun, and wearing sunscreen when this wasn’t possible, made a difference, the American Academy of Dermatology’s annual conference will hear today. The finding comes from a study of 231 women of all ages who were quizzed about (调查) their lives, including whether they were sun-loves. When researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US guessed how old the women were, they found those who took care in the sun tended to have aged more slowly. Researcher Dr. Alexa Kimball said the popular belief that we drink lots of water to stay healthy is false and previous research by the British Nutrition Foundation reached a similar conclusion. It isn’t clear why the women who slept well didn’t have younger-looking skin. But it may be that the question they were asked was too narrow and didn’t consider their long-term sleep patterns. 187．Which way can help women stay younger according to the study? A．Drinking plenty of water. B．Having a good sleep. C．Taking exercise regularly. D．Keeping out of the sun. 188．How did the researcher get the finding? A．By interviewing 231 women face to face. B．By comparing the new research with the previous ones. C．From the results of some quizzes. D．Through the result of different games. 189．Why does sleeping well fail to make people look young? A．Because most people don’t sleep long enough. B．Because most people have wrong sleep patterns. C．Because most people lack of sleep. D．It’s unknown yet now. 190．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce a good way to make women look younger. B．To explain how scientists carried out the research. C．To prove people’s previous ideas are true. D．To persuade women to change their long-term sleep patterns. 191．The passage is most probably taken from ______. A．a school textbook B．a reference book C．a science fiction D．a science paper 【答案】187．D 188．C 189．D 190．A 191．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明远离阳光会让女士更年轻，而传统上所认为的多喝水多睡觉能让人年轻是不科学的。 187．细节理解题。根据第一段“The secret of looking young is simply to stay out of sun. (看起来年轻的秘诀只是远离阳光)”可知，远离阳光可以让人看起来年轻。故选D。 188．细节理解题。根据第四段“The finding comes from a study of 231 women of all ages who were quizzed about (调查) their lives, including whether they were sun-loves.(这一发现来自对231名不同年龄段女性的调查，她们被问及自己的生活，包括是否热爱阳光)”可知，研究人员调查不同年龄段的女性，通过调查的结果才得到这一发现的。故选C。 189．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It isn’t clear why the women who slept well didn’t have younger-looking skin.(目前尚不清楚为什么睡得好的女性皮肤看起来不年轻)”可知，睡得好不能让人看起来年轻的原因尚不清楚。故选D。 190．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Forget drinking countless glasses of water or getting your beauty sleep. The secret of looking young is simply to stay out of sun. (忘记喝无数杯水或睡美容觉了。看起来年轻的秘诀就是远离阳光)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明远离阳光会让女士更年轻，这是一种让女性看起来更年轻的好方法。故选A。 191．推理判断题。根据第二段“A study of hundreds of women has revealed that those who avoided the sun’s rays looked up to 20 years younger than they actually are. (一项针对数百名女性的研究表明，那些避开阳光的女性看起来比实际年龄年轻20岁)”以及第四段“The finding comes from a study of 231 women of all ages who were quizzed about (调查) their lives, including whether they were sun-loves.(这一发现来自对231名不同年龄段女性的调查，她们被问及自己的生活，包括是否热爱阳光)”中的study以及finding可知，这是一份调查研究的结果，所以文章最有可能摘录自一篇科学论文。故选D。 Passage 4 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市河东区·期中） For years, divers have reported unusual attacks from sea snakes. This behavior confused scientists because land snakes prefer to avoid humans rather than attack them. Why would their sea cousins be any different? Now, a recent study says that sea snakes may not be trying to attack humans at all. “Attacks on divers by sea snakes are mostly due to males searching for females, and getting confused,” the study author Professor Rick Shine said. “Sea snakes swim directly towards divers, sometimes wrapping coils around the diver’s arms or legs and biting. Sea snakes can grow to be more than six feet long. This makes them particularly frightening for the divers who encounter them. The sea snakes do not bite very often; however, approaches are very common — and dangerous because a diver might panic.” To understand why sea snakes keep approaching divers, the researchers turned to data collected nearly 30 years ago. As a university student, the study author Tim Lynch made a total of188 dives in the Great Barrier Reef between 1994 and 1995. During these dives, which lasted approximately 30 minutes, he would record the number of sea snakes that approached him and the details of these experiences. Most of the approaches took place during the snakes’ mating season, and males were more likely to approach during this time. This led the study authors to conclude that the attacks were a case of what they call “mistaken identity”. That is a male sea snake mistaking the diver for a female sea snake. The explanation provided by Lynch and Shine answers the question of what divers should do if they find a sea snake rapidly swimming their way. “Stay calm, and let the snake check you out,” Shine advises. “It will soon realize that you’ re not a female snake, and go on its way.” 192．What can we know about sea snakes from the passage? A．They often attack divers approaching them. B．They are actually not as dangerous as they appear. C．They prefer to avoid divers rather than attack them. D．They will keep biting him or her when meeting a diver. 193．What does the underlined word “encounter” probably mean? A．Hunt for. B．Burn down. C．Come across. D．Figure out. 194．What does Shine advise a diver to do when a sea snake approaches? A．To stay calm till the sea snake leaves. B．To turn to other nearby divers for help. C．To fight against the sea snake before it attacks. D．To swim away from the sea snake as quickly as possible. 195．Why do sea snakes keep approaching divers according to the research? A．Because they see divers as a threat. B．Because they want to kill divers for food. C．Because they are searching for new habitats. D．Because they mistake divers for potential mates. 【答案】192．B 193．C 194．A 195．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现，海蛇“攻击”潜水员，原因竟是误把潜水员当成“另一半”。 192．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Now, a recent study says that sea snakes may not be trying to attack humans at all.(现在，最近的一项研究表明，海蛇可能根本没有试图攻击人类。)”可知，海蛇可能根本没有试图攻击人类，结合第二段中的“The sea snakes do not bite very often; however, approaches are very common— and dangerous because a diver might panic.(这些海蛇不经常咬人；但是，它们的靠近是很常见且危险的，因为潜水员可能会惊慌。)”可知，海蛇不经常咬人，综合以上信息可知，海蛇并不会经常攻击人类，也就是说，海蛇没有看上去那么危险。故选B项。 193．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Sea snakes swim directly towards divers, sometimes wrapping coils around the diver’s arms or legs and biting. Sea snakes can grow to be more than six feet long. This makes them particularly frightening for the divers(海蛇直接向潜水员游来，有时会缠绕在潜水员的手臂或腿上并咬人。海蛇可以长到六英尺多长。这使得它们对……它们的潜水员来说特别可怕)”可知，海蛇直接向潜水员游来，有时会缠绕在潜水员的手臂或腿上并咬人，由此可知，这里介绍的是潜水员与海蛇不期而遇时的情况，由此推断，画线单词encounter与come across意为“偶遇”的意思相近。故选C项。 194．细节理解题。根据尾段中的““Stay calm, and let the snake check you out,” Shine advises. “It will soon realize that you’ re not a female snake, and go on its way.”(Shine建议：“保持冷静，让蛇看清你。它很快就会意识到你不是一条母蛇，然后继续前进。”)”可知，Shine 给潜水员的建议很明确：保持不动，直到蛇离开。故选A项。 195．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Most of the approaches took place during the snakes’ mating season, and males were more likely to approach during this time. This led the study authors to conclude that the attacks were a case of what they call “mistaken identity”. That is a male sea snake mistaking the diver for a female sea snake.(大多数接近发生在海蛇的交配季节，雄蛇更有可能在这段时间接近潜水员。这使得研究作者得出结论，这些袭击是一种他们称之为“弄错身份”的情况。那就是雄性海蛇误将潜水员当成了雌性海蛇。)”可知，海蛇对潜水员的无端“攻击”行为主要源于雄性海蛇误将潜水员当成了雌性海蛇，由此可知，海蛇不断接近潜水员的原因是它们把潜水者误认为是潜在的配偶。故选D项。 Passage 5 （2024-2025学年高一上·天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学·期中） Millions of people around the world are hoping to learn more about their genes (基因). But they’re not just looking for information about their family history. Increasingly, people are interested in exploring how their genes may be influencing their fitness, diet, physical abilities, and injury risk. North Americans are leading the way while Europe is becoming the fastest-growing market for genetic tests. “There’s no doubt that genes matter, but the question is how much?” said Dr. Timothy Caulfield, a professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. “Even when you look at Olympic-level long jumpers, who need highly explosive (爆发的) movements, not all of them have the gene. If it really mattered, they all would have to have it. “Indeed, scientists say there are so many factors when it comes to sporting ability and success, such as diet, sleep, training, and even-so-socieconomic backgrounds. “While the genetic tests are probably correct, the science behind how the companies are explaining the results can be flawed,” said Dr. Dylan Mackay, an assistant professor. “A lot of times these tests are based on connections rather than controlled experiments that look for cause and effect,” Mackay said. “For example, eating watermelons is connected with drowning (溺水)— because more people swim in the same season as they eat watermelons, but that doesn’t mean one causes the other.” Many people remain curious about DNA fitness tests. One such person is Devin Maier, co-owner of Balance Gym in Washington, DC． One of his customers was trying to put on muscle (肌肉) by lifting heavier weights. Based on his gene test results, Maier advised him to change to lifting lighter weights. Eventually, the customer was building the muscle he wanted. These tests offer a deeper understanding of your strengths and weaknesses, Maier pointed out. Time, and further scientific research, may shed more light on whether DNA fitness tests are, or can be useful. Caulfield said he hopes parents won’t use these tests to force their child into — or away from — a specific sport or activity. “Allow them to follow their heart, and don’t let these genetic tests make things harder than they have to be.” he said. 196．Why do many people want to learn more about their genes? A．To help scientific discoveries. B．To complete their family tree. C．To judge their health condition. D．To discover suitable work choices. 197．What does the example of Olympic-level long jumpers show? A．Explosive movements require special genes. B．Good habits are the key to athletes’ success. C．Genes don’t necessarily decide athletic talent. D．Genetic tests don’t influence sports performance. 198．What does the underlined word “flawed” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．Interesting. B．Imperfect. C．Common. D．Diffcult. 199．What does Maier say about DNA fitness tests? A．They can be an informative tool. B．They may lead to confusing results. C．They work better for professional athletes. D．They go against traditional training methods. 200．What are children probably advised to do by Caulfeld? A．Follow genetic test advice. B．Balance study and exercise. C．Explore genetic science further. D．Take up interest-based activities. 【答案】196．C 197．C 198．B 199．A 200．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了基因检测越来越受欢迎，但是基因检测的结果并不一定能够决定一个人的成功与否。 196．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Increasingly, people are interested in exploring how their genes may be influencing their fitness, diet, physical abilities, and injury risk.(越来越多的人对探索他们的基因如何影响他们的健康、饮食、体能和受伤风险感兴趣)”可知，人们想了解基因是为了了解基因对他们的健康的影响。故选C。 197．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“There’s no doubt that genes matter, but the question is how much?(毫无疑问基因是重要的，但是问题是有多重要)”以及“Even when you look at Olympic-level long jumpers, who need highly explosive(爆发的) movements, not all of them have the gene. (即使你看奥运会级的跳远运动员，他们需要高度爆发的运动，也不是所有人都有这种基因)”可知，基因不一定是决定运动员天赋的唯一因素。故选C。 198．词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句““While the genetic tests are probably correct, the science behind how the companies are explaining the results can be flawed,”said Dr. Dylan Mackay, an assistant professor. (助理教授迪伦·麦凯（Dylan Mackay）博士说，“虽然基因测试可能是正确的，但这些公司解释结果的科学依据可能flawed。”)”以及下文 “A lot of times these tests are based on connections rather than controlled experiments that look for cause and effect (很多时候，这些测试是基于联系，而不是寻找因果关系的受控实验)”可知，有些科学一句可能是有缺陷的，因为它们大多是基于联系而非因果关系。因此猜测flawed的意思是“有缺陷的，不完美的”。故选B。 199．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“These tests offer a deeper understanding of your strengths and weaknesses, Maier pointed out. (马耶尔指出，这些测试让你对自己的优势和劣势有了更深入的了解) ”可知，马耶尔项的意思是它们可以是一种信息工具。故选A。 200．细节理解题。跟多最后一段的“Caulfield said he hopes parents won’t use these tests to force their child into — or away from — a specific sport or activity. “Allow them to follow their heart, and don’t let these genetic tests make things harder than they have to be.” he said.(考尔菲尔德说，他希望父母不要用这些测试来强迫他们的孩子参加或远离某种特定的运动或活动。“让他们跟随自己的心，不要让这些基因测试让事情变得更加困难。”他说。)”可知，考尔菲尔德建议父母不要用基因测试强迫孩子们参与某项活动，应该让孩子做他们感兴趣的活动，跟随自己的内心。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $