Unit 1 people of achievement 词汇练习 2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit1 people of achievement 词汇练习 2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修一 1、词性转换 1. _______________ vt承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) →______________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→______________n．承诺 2. evaluate vt.评价；评估→______________ adj.可估价的→______________ n．评估 3. distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→______________ n.差别；区分;卓著→______________ adj.与众不同的 4. acknowledge vt.承认(属实；权威等)；(公开)感谢→______________ n．致谢；感谢 5. academic adj.学业的；学术的→______________n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 6. botany n．植物学→______________adj.植物学的 7. analyse vt.分析→______________ n．分析 (______________复数) 8. apparent adj.显然的→______________ adv.显而易见；看来；显然 9. science n．科学→______________ adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→______________ n.科学家 10. most adj.大部分的；多数的→______________adv.主要地；一般地 11. conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出→______________ n．结论；推论 12. novel n．(长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的→______________ n．小说家 13. politics n．政治→______________ n．从政者；政治家；政客 ______________adj.政治的 14. gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→______________ adv.逐渐地；逐步地 15. consequence n．结果；后果→______________ adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→______________ adv.因此 16. passion n. 酷爱，激情→______________ adj.热情的；狂热的 17. remark vt.谈论，评论；n.谈论，言论→______________ adj.非凡的，显著的 18. sum vi.总结；概括n.金额；款项；总数；总和→______________n.总结；摘要；概要______________ v. 总结；概括 19. infer vt. 推断，推定→______________n.推理，推论 20. theory n. 理论，学说→______________adj.理论的，理论上的→______________adv.从理论上说 21. relate v. 联系；讲述______________adj.有关的 ______________adj.相对的；n.亲戚→______________ n.相对论，相对性______________ n.关系 22. doctor n.博士，医生→______________ adj. 博士的→______________ n.博士学位 23. institute n.（教育、专业等）机构______________ n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗→______________adj.机构的，制度的 24. profess v.声称；表示 ______________n. 教授→______________ n. 职业→______________ adj.专业的 n.专业人员 25. mourn v. 悼念；忧伤→______________ n. 哀悼；忧伤 ______________ adj.悲伤的 →______________ n.哀悼者 26. object n.物体；目标 v.反对→______________ n.不赞成，反对→______________ n.目标 adj.客观的 27. found（______________ ______________）vt.创建，建立→______________ n.根基，基础→______________n.创办者 28. value n.价值 v.重视，珍视→_____________ adj.有价值的→_____________ adj.价值连城的→_____________ adj.一文不值的 29. obtain vt. （尤指经努力）获得；赢得 vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行 o_____________ adj.可获得的 2、单句语法练习 1. Tom acknowledged            (defeat) in the English speech competition, which made us quite depressed. 2. After an 　　　　　(analyse) of the species, the research team confirmed it as a new species.  3. What makes the writer unique is not only his great works but also his 　　　　　(commit) to what he loves.  4. However, technology is also the application of 　　　　　(science) knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.  5. Here's some 　　　　　(boil) water. Have a drink whenever you're thirsty. 6. ____________ (academy) grades rarely evaluate qualities like creativity, leadership and teamwork skills, or social, emotional and political intelligence.  7. (2020浙江7月)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, 　　　　　(apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me.  8. The effectiveness of this medicine　　　　　(evaluate) by these scientists the other day.  9. Though she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still (passion) about teaching. 10. Many people make a sharp (distinct) between right and wrong. 11. The studies of (botany) pesticides have important theoretical and practical significances. 12. Apparently, reading interesting Chinese news every day is vital _______ American exchange students. 13. I can’t really be o___________(客观的)when I’m judging my daughter’s work. 14. Scientists have o____________(获得) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. 15. People working the same hours feel completely different levels of pressure depending on their p_____________(激情) 16. The scientist with a moustache succeed in ______________(提取) useful substances from these wild flowers. 17. We insist ______ forming a team with the objective of solving the complex problem as soon as possible. 18. Finally, he acknowledged _____________(obtain) his father’s financial support. 19. _______________(显然), the newly-bought device is of high quality and we can work more efficiently. 20. Our head teacher is acknowledged ____________ the most generous, hard-working and warm-hearted teacher in the academy. 3、完型 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____2____ came because she was carrying a ____3____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____4____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____5____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____6____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____7____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____9____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____10____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more ____11____ about why her act is considered a big ____12____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____13____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the ____14____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____15____ of human kindness won the day. 1. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 2. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 3. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D.competitor 4. A. race B. school C. town D. training 5. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D.promised 6. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 7. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 8. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 9. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D.appreciated 10. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 11. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 12. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 13. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 14. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 15. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 4、语法填空： Many great people in the world commit themselves to 　1　(improve) society in their own ways. For example, Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps(黑猩猩) in the wild in Africa than lead 　2　 comfortable life. For 40 years she has been outspoken (直率的) in making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of chimps.   Lin Qiaozhi, a 　3　(special) in women's diseases, is another woman who has made remarkable achievements. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi,tired after a day's work,went late at night 　4　(deliver) a baby for a poor family, 　5　 could not pay her. It was because of her hard work and great 　6　(consider) for her patients 　7　 tens of thousands of babies were delivered 　8　(safe) by her.   A third example is Yuan Longping, the first 　9　(agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers 　10　(produce) many more harvests in the past few decades. Therefore, now the UN has more scientific tools in the battle against hunger in the world. In short, so impressive is their work that they all deserve praising and learning from.  答案： 1. commit vt承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) →committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n．承诺 2. evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluative adj.可估价的→evaluation n．评估 3. distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n.差别；区分;卓著→distinctive adj.与众不同的 4. acknowledge vt.承认(属实；权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n．致谢；感谢 5. academic adj.学业的；学术的→academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 6. botany n．植物学→botanical adj.植物学的 7. analyse vt.分析→analysis n．分析 (analyses 复数) 8. apparent adj.显然的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 9. science n．科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n.科学家 10. most adj.大部分的；多数的→mostly adv.主要地；一般地 11. conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论；推论 12. novel n．(长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的→novelist n．小说家 13. politics n．政治→politician n．从政者；政治家；政客 political adj.政治的 14. gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 15. consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此 16. passion n. 酷爱，激情→passionate adj.热情的；狂热的 17. remark vt.谈论，评论；n.谈论，言论→remarkable adj.非凡的，显著的 18. sum vi.总结；概括n.金额；款项；总数；总和→summary n.总结；摘要；概要summarize v. 总结；概括 19. infer vt. 推断，推定→inference n.推理，推论 20. theory n. 理论，学说→theoretical adj.理论的，理论上的→theoretically adv.从理论上说 21. relate v. 联系；讲述related adj.有关的 relative adj.相对的；n.亲戚→relativity n.相对论，相对性 relationship n.关系 22. doctor n.博士，医生→doctoral adj. 博士的→doctorate n.博士学位 23. institute n.（教育、专业等）机构institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗→institutional adj.机构的，制度的 24. profess v.声称；表示 professor n. 教授→profession n. 职业→professional adj.专业的 n.专业人员 25. mourn v. 悼念；忧伤→mourning n. 哀悼；忧伤 mournful adj.悲伤的 →mourner n.哀悼者 26. object n.物体；目标 v.反对→objection n.不赞成，反对→objective n.目标 adj.客观的 27. found（founded, founded）vt.创建，建立→foundation n.根基，基础→founder n.创办者 28. value n.价值 v.重视，珍视→valuable adj.有价值的→invaluable adj.价值连城的→valueless adj.一文不值的 29. obtain vt. （尤指经努力）获得；赢得 vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行 obtainable adj.可获得的 30. being defeated/having been defeated; 31. analysis; 32. commitment; 33. scientific; 34. boiled; 35. Academic; 36. apparently; 37. was evaluated; 38. passionate 39. distinction 40. botanical 41. to 42. objective 43. obtained 44. passion 45. extracting 46. on/upon 47. obtaining 48. Apparently 49. To be/ as 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。 1.improving　考查动名词。 commit oneself to doing sth. 意为“致力于做某事”,故填improving。 2.a　考查冠词。lead a(n)...life意为“过着……生活”,此处泛指一种舒适的生活,且comfortable的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。 3.specialist　考查名词。结合不定冠词a可知,这里应用可数名词单数specialist(专家)作Lin Qiaozhi的同位语。故填specialist。 4.to deliver　考查不定式。句意:数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在一天的工作之后,拖着疲惫不堪的身体在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生,而这些家庭不能给她报酬。设空处在这里作目的状语。故填动词不定式to deliver。 5.who　考查定语从句。设空处前面有逗号,且逗号前面内容的意思完整,设空处前为名词短语 a poor family, 　 5　 could not pay her中缺少主语,结合语境可知所缺主语即前面的a poor family,故设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 a poor family,故用关系代词who。   6.consideration　考查名词。根据空前的形容词great可知设空处应用名词,consider的名词形式为consideration,作“体贴,体谅”讲,为不可数名词。 7.that　考查强调句型。句意:正是由于她的辛勤工作和对病人的深切关怀,数万个婴儿才能安全地被她接生。本句是强调句,其句子结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”,此处被强调部分是原因状语because of her hard work and great consideration for her patients。故填that。 8.safely　考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰were delivered。故填safely。 9.agricultural　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词pioneer。故填agricultural。agricultural pioneer意为“农业先锋”。 10.have produced　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:利用他的杂交水稻,农民在过去的几十年里有了更多的收成。根据时间状语in the past few decades可知,设空处应使用现在完成时,主语farmers为复数,故填have produced。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $