Unit 1 People of Achievement 词汇讲解 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件围绕“People of Achievement”主题，系统梳理了与科学家、学者及杰出人物相关的高频词汇和核心表达，如crucial、commit、evaluate等，通过词根词缀解析、语境例句和语法填空层层递进，构建从识记到运用的学习支架，帮助学生在真实语境中理解并掌握语言知识。 其亮点在于深度融合语言能力与文化意识，以屠呦呦研发青蒿素为例，引导学生体会科学家的奉献精神与家国情怀，同时借助“be committed to”“It is vital that...”等结构训练逻辑思维与价值判断，提升思维品质。教学设计注重任务驱动与情境创设，如用“sum up”总结人物成就，强化学习能力，既助力学生形成跨文化认知与批判性思维，又为教师提供可操作性强的教学范式。

Unit 1 People of Achievement Words and Expressions physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生理学；生理机能 physi=nature physio=生理 -(o)logy=科学或研究的领域 biology: 生物学 geology：地质学 sociology：社会学 ecology：生态学 biologist: 生物学家 geologist：地质学家 sociologist：社会学家 ecologist：生态学家 artemisinin /,ɑːtɪ'miːsɪnɪn/ n. 【药】青蒿素 malaria /məˈleəriə/ n. 疟疾 wormwood /ˈwɜːmwʊd/ n. 蒿；洋艾 crucial / ˈkruːʃ(ə)l / adj. 至关重要的;关键性的 play a crucial part/role in doing sth. 在做某事方面起关键作用 be crucial for/to 对…至关重要 It is crucial that+句子 ...是至关重要的 1. 淡水(fresh water)对人类生存(human survival)至关重要。 2. 科技在现代社会中扮演着至关重要的角色。 3. 我们按时完成这个项目至关重要。 Fresh water is crucial to human survival. Technology plays a crucial role in modern society. Translation: It is crucial that we finish the project on time. crucial adj. 至关重要的;关键性的 同义词： important / significant / critical / essential / vital / indispensable 必不可少的 vital / ˈvaɪt(ə)l /adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 be vital to/for对……极为重要的 be of vital importance……是至关重要的 It is vital that…(should) do sth 做某事是十分重要的 It is vital (for sb) to do sth(对某人来说) 做某事……很重要 vitally adv. 至关重要的; 极其; 绝对 (1) It is vital for parents _______ (set) an example for children. (2) As we all know, a balanced diet is vital ___ our health. (3) It is absolutely vital that the door __________________(lock) when we go out. (4) The questions put forward at the meeting yesterday ______ (be) of vital importance. (5) It is _____ vital importance to get rid of stress rapidly. 运用 were to set to (should) be locked of commit / kəˈmɪt / v. 承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself to do sth. 承诺；保证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等） commit oneself to (doing) sth. 答应/致力于/献身于做某事 devote oneself to sth/doing sth 致力于/献身于做某事 →committed / kəˈmɪtɪd /adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 be committed to (doing) sth. 忠于...；致力于... ；献身于 be devoted to sth/doing sth 忠于...；致力于...；献身于 make a commitment to do sth 承诺做某事 →commitment n. 保证; 承诺; 献身; 投入 (1) The organization is ________(commit) to environmental protection. (2) My little brother has committed ________ (he) to studying hard from now on. (3) Both sides committed ____________ (they) to solving the problem peacefully. (4) The organization is committed to ________ (protect) environment. (3) I have a ______________(commit) to him to go to the bookstore on Sundays. (4) Tu Youyou, a ___________ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930. (5) He devoted himself __________ teaching. (6) The team is devoted to ____________ (develop) new technology. 运用 committed himself themselves commitment committed protecting to developing commit & committed 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. This is a man who has committed a crime. ____________ 2. There are unconfirmed reports that he tried to commit suicide. ____________ 3. The government must commit itself to improving health care. ____________ 4. A lot of money has been committed to this project. ____________ 犯罪 自杀 承诺 / 保证 投入 academy / əˈkædəmi / n. (艺术、文学、科学等的) 研究院;学会;专科院校 college n. university n. 专科学院 综合性大学 academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk / adj. 学业的;学术的 →academically adv. 学业方面地；学术方面地 从大学中受益最多的学生是那些完全投身于学术生活的人。 The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life. Translation: academic subject 学科 academic year 学年 The Beijing Film Academy is famous for cultivating movie talents. Its academic programs combine theory with practical skills. 北京电影学院以培养电影人才闻名。其学术课程将理论与实践技能相结合。 objective / əbˈdʒektɪv / n. 目标;目的 adj.客观的 with the objective of... 目的是…… achieve/meet an objective 达到目标 set an objective 制定目标 be objective about 对……是客观的 objective adj.客观的 subjective adj.主观的 optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的 pessimistic adj.悲观(主义)的 object n. 目标；物体；宾语 vi. 反对；拒绝 objectively adv.客观地 objection n. 反对；异议 botanical / bəˈtænɪk(ə)l / adj. 植物学的 In our ___________(botany) garden field trip, the teacher explained how studying botany helps us understand plant life better. botany n．植物学 __________ adj. 植物学的 ___________ adv. 植物学地 _________n. 植物学家 botanical botanically botanist botanical evaluate / ɪˈvæljueɪt / vt. 评价;评估 assess v. 评估；评价 estimate v. 预测；估计 _________ vt. 评价；评估 ___________ n. 评价；评估 make an evaluation of 对……进行评估 The market situation is difficult _____________ (evaluate). 市场形势难以评估。 Fill in the blank: to evaluate evaluate evaluation (1) It is generally acknowledged that students should ____________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality. (2) __________ (evaluate) of this new product cannot take place until all the information and data have been collected. 运用 Evaluation be evaluated valuable invaluable valueless value adj. 贵重的；宝贵的；珍贵的 adj.极有用的，极宝贵的 无法估计的 in-不，无 adj.不值钱的；微不足道的 property /ˈprɒpəti / n. 性质；特征（一般不指人）；财产 properties n. （复数） belongings/possession 所有物；财物 feature 特点；特征 distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt / adj. 清晰的;清楚的;有区别的 distinction n.区别 distinctive adj.独特的 be distinct/different from 与……不同 make a distinction between…and…... 对....加以区别 It is difficult for a child to make a__________(distinct) between right and wrong. Fill in the blank: distinction The __________(distinct) charm of this city comes from the soft beach and warm sunshine. distinctive extract /ˈekstrækt /n. 提取物;摘录 vt.提取;提炼;摘录; 拔出 extract sth. from sth. 从某物中提取某物 boil /bɔɪl/ vt.＆vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开m.沸腾;沸点 boil over 沸腾而溢出；（局面或感情）控制不住，爆发 boil down to sth. 归结为，要点是 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 烧开过的水 liquid / ˈlɪkwɪd / n. 液体；液体的；液态的 solid /sɒlɪd/ 固体 gas 气体 It's vital not to overheat the liquid. 最关键的是不要让液体过热。 obtain /əbˈteɪn /vt. (尤指经努力)获得;贏得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行 obtain 获得，买到 Several firms offered to obtain republication of his novel. 几家公司提出要重新出版他的小说。 acquire 多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得 She has acquired a good knowledge of English. attain 经过不懈的努力获得结果、某一目标 Most of our students attained five ‘A’ grades in their exams. acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ / vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 acknowledgement n.承认，感谢 acknowledge doing sth 承认做了某事 be acknowledged/regarded/considered as…/to be… 被认为是…… It is generally/widely acknowledged that… ……是大家公认的 (1) He is acknowledged ____ one of the greatest writers. (2) I acknowledge _____ I have done something wrong. (3) It is widely ______________(acknowledge) that she is a good English teacher in our school. (4) He refused to acknowledge _________(steal) the man’s wallet in the supermarket without evidence. 运用 stealing as that acknowledged defeat n. 失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜 defeated adj.被击败的；受挫的 defeat 表示在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手 beat 侧重于在比赛中击败对手 win 宾语是战争、比赛、奖品等，表示赢取，反义词为lose (1) We finally __________(defeat) them on the field of batter and achieved our goal. (2) She felt __________(defeat) after trying so hard but failing the exam. (3) Our plan ______________(defeat) by unexpected bad weather. defeated defeated was defeated analyse /ˈænəlaɪz / vt. 分析 analysis / əˈnæləsɪs / n. 分析 apparently /əˈpærəntli / adv. 显而易见；看来；显然 apparent /clear/obvious adj. 明显的；显而易见的 apparently/clearly/obviously adv. 显而易见 It is apparent/clear/obvious that… 很显然…… (1) ___________ (apparent), the teacher was quite satisfied with her progress in English. (2) It is apparent ______ students are fond of this activity from the smiles on their face. 运用 that Apparently substance /ˈsʌbstəns / n. 物质;物品;事实根据 insist /ɪnˈsɪst /vi.＆vt. 坚持;坚决要求 insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚决要求(做) 某事 insist that… (should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事 其后从句谓语用“(should +) 动词原形”的常用词有： 一个“坚持(insist)”； 两道“命令(command，order)”； 三点“建议(suggest，propose，advise)”； 四项“要求(demand，require，request，ask)”。 联想 (1) He insists on ________(get) up early to read no matter whether it rains or not. (2) The mother insisted that her son ______________ (finish) the homework by himself. (3) If they insist ____ leaving now, please go ahead. 运用 (should) finish getting on scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk /adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 science n. 科学 scientist n. 科学家 (复数：scientists) scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 scientifically adv.科学（上）地 It is an honor for China’s ___________(science) research to be spread around the world. scientific mostly /ˈməʊstli/ adv.主要地;一般地 many/much--more--most 同义: mainly adv. 主要地 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗 conclusion / kənˈkluːʒn / n. 结论；推论 come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from) (由……)得出结论 in conclusion 最后；总之 →conclude v 断定，推断；结束，完成 conclude ...with/by ... 以……结束…… conclude ...from ... 从……中推断…… to conclude 总而言之；最后 penicillin /ˌpenɪˈsɪlɪn / n. 青霉素; 盘尼西林 flee / fliː / vt. (fled，fled)迅速离开; 逃跑 flee from/escape from...　从……逃跑 flee to/into... 逃到/进…… I insist that he should not flee _______ responsibility. 我坚持认为他不应该逃避责任。 from Fill in the blank: circumstance / ˈsɜːkəmstəns / n. 条件；环境;状况 in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下 in/under no circumstances 绝不；无论如何都不 Under no circumstances __________________ the house. 你无论如何都不能离开家 部分倒装 Fill in the blank: must you leave novelist / ˈnɒvəlɪst / n. 小说家 novel n. (长篇)小说；新颖的 adj. fiction n.小说（总称） legend n.传奇故事 For a ___________(novel), that's quite an accomplishment. Mo Yan is a very famous _________(novel) in China. 对于一个小说家来说，那是一个了不起的成就。 novelist novelist The famous novelist is working on a new novel. She's known for her novel approach to storytelling. 这位著名小说家正在创作新小说。她以新颖的叙事方式闻名。 flow /fləʊ/ n /vi. 流；流动；流畅；供应;. 流；流动 chart [ʧɑːt] n /vt 图表;. 记录；制订计划 flow chart 流程图 found /faʊnd / vt. 创建;建立;把……建立在 →founder n. 创办者，发起者 →foundation n. 基础 lay a (film/solid) foundation for...为……打下(坚实的)基础 establish/set up a club 建立俱乐部 find v. (found，found)发现，找到 (1) Adam Smith is considered one of the ____________ (found) of classical economics. (2) Tsinghua University, which_____________(found) in 1911 , is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 运用 was founded founders infer /ɪnˈfɜː(r) / vt. 推断;推定 infer from 从……中推断 make/draw an inference 作出推断 We can infer ______his expression that he is frustrated? We can draw an __________(infer) from his silence. from inference politician /ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn / n. 从政者;政治家;政客 →politics n.政治（活动） →political adj.政治上的 The young politician studied politics at Harvard. His political views are quite progressive. 这位年轻的政治家在哈佛学习政治学。他的政治观点相当进步。 numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs / adj. 众多的;许多的 too numerous to mention/list 不胜枚举 theory /ˈθɪəri / n. 理论;学说 in theory 理论上，从理论来说 →theoretical adj.理论（上）的，假设的 relativity / ˌreləˈtɪvəti / n. 相对论;相对性 relative adj.比较的，相对的 n. 亲戚 （relatives） →relatively adv.比较而言，相对性 relatively speaking 相对而言 formula /ˈfɔːmjʊlə/ n. 公式；方程式；配方 genius / ˈdʒiːniəs / n. (pl, geniuses)天才;天资;天赋 have a genius /gift /talent for (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面有天赋 idiot /ˈɪdiət / n.笨蛋，蠢材 gentle /ˈʤentl/ adj. 温柔的;文静的 →gently adv.温柔地，温和地 →gentleness n.温和，和缓，宽大 She held the baby _________(gentle) in her arms. 她把婴儿轻轻地抱在怀里。 gently patent / ˈpæt(ə)nt / n. 专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的 The device was protected by patent. 这一装置受专利保护。 passion / ˈpæʃ(ə)n / n. 酷爱;激情 →passionate / ˈpæʃənət / adj.激情满满的；酷爱的 →passionately adv. 热情地 have a passion for... 对……热爱 with passion充满激情 be passionate about 对……充满热情 Her passion for painting is evident. She becomes __________ (passion) when discussing art techniques.她对绘画的热爱显而易见。讨论艺术技巧时她充满激情。 passionate doctorate / ˈdɒktərət / n. 博士学位 bachelor’s degree 学士学位 master’s degree 硕士学位 doctor’s degree 博士学位 extraordinary /ɪksˈtrɔːdəneri/ adj. 不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的 →extraordinarily adv. 非凡地 gradually / ˈɡrædʒuəli / adv.逐渐地;逐步地 gradual adj. 逐渐的 He ____________ (gradual) became famous throughout the world as a basketball player. gradually come to power (开始)掌权;上台 →power n．能力；力量；权力；政权；电力供应 →powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的 have the power to do sth. 有做某事的能力 beyond/out of one’ s power某人力所不能及的 take power 掌权 come to an end 结束 come to an agreement 达成协议 institute /ˈɪnstɪtjuːt/ n.（教育、专业等）机构；机构建筑 institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən/ n.社会公共机构；制度；习俗 consequence / ˈkɒnsɪkwəns / n. 结果;后果 as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence 因此；结果　 as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故 →consequent adj.随之发生的 →consequently adv.因此，结果 (1) In consequence _____ your bad work, the boss will have to fire you. (2) You work badly, ____________________________________, the boss will have to fire you. 运用 as a consequence/as a result/therefore of take up a position 担任;任职 out of position 不在适当的位置 in position 在适当的位置 take apart 拆开 take down 取下；拿下；记下；拆除 take in 欺骗；吸收；理解 take off (飞机)起飞；(事业)成功；脱下(衣物) take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take up 从事；继续；拿起；占据；接受 take over 接管；接替 moustache /məsˈtɑːʃ / n. 上唇的胡子;髭 peculiarity / pɪˌkjuːliˈærəti /n. 个性;特点;怪异的性质 peculiar adj.奇怪的；特别的 / pɪˈkjuːliə(r) / particular adj.特定的；特殊的 / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) / specific 特定的；具体的 special 特别的 encounter / ɪnˈkaʊntə(r) / vt. 偶然碰到;遇到n.邂适;遭遇 an encounter with sb./sth. 遇到sb./sth. come across 偶然遇见；偶然发现 professor / prəˈfesə(r) / n. 教授 profession n. 职业；行业 professional adj. 职业的 n.专业人士 The professor chose teaching as his profession. His __________ (profession) attitude inspires all his students. 教授选择教书作为职业。他的专业态度激励着所有学生。 professional remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的;显著的 remark n. 言论；评论 →remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的 →remarkably adv. 显著地；非常地 be remarkable for 以……而著称 remarkable achievement 显著的成就 make remarkable progress 取得非凡的进步 It is remarkable that… 值得注意的是…… 搭配 (1) It is a ___________ (remark) achievement for such a young player to win the gold medal. (2) She sang ___________ (remarkable) well on the stage and was applauded by the audience. (3) The area is remarkable ____ its scenery. 运用 for remarkable remarkably device / dɪˈvaɪs / n. 方法;技巧;装置;仪器 sum / sʌm / v. 总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和 →summary n. 总结 →summarize v. 总结 a large sum of 一大笔 sum up 总结;概括 总而言之：to sum up、in conclusion、in short、in a word (1) He earned _____________________ (一大笔钱) by writing. (2) At the end of the class, the teacher asked the students to _________ (总结). (3) __________ (总的来说), we benefited a lot from the lecture given by Professor Li. 运用 To sum up a large sum of money sum up draft / drɑːft / n. 草稿;草案vt.起草;草拟 draft a document 起草文件 Nobel Prize /nəʊˈbel praɪz/ 诺贝尔奖 $