Unit 1 People of Achievement Discover useful structures 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 People of Achievement（导学案）金丹 【学习目标】 1. 了解非限制性关系从句的定义和功能。 2．区分限制性关系从句和非限制性关系从句的区别。 3. 用非限制性定语从句的描述某事。 【学习过程】 1． 导入定语从句 定义：一般在复合句中修饰限定名词或代词的句子，其被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，引导从句的词叫关系词。 The man who is riding a horse is Tang Monk. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you still remember the earthquake___________happened ten years ago? 2. It is a good choice for tourists _________prefer visiting places of historical interest. 3. Professor Yang is a person from _________ I have learned a lot. 4. Could you please pass me the book __________cover is green? 5. There was a time __________ my daughter was crazy about pop music. 6. The restaurant _____________ I have eaten a wonderful meal is going to close down. 观察并思考1：限制定从和非限定从的区别 判断下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，哪些是非限制性定语从句 ①People who take physical exercise live longer. ②His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. ③Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. ④He changed his mind, which made me very angry. ⑤Taobao is a website where you can buy what you want at a good price. 限制性定语从句是_____________句， 非限制性定语从句是___________________句。 1. 形式不同 People who take physical exercise regularly live longer. His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week. 限定从与其先行词关系密切，无逗号隔开。 非限定从与其先行词关系不密切，有逗号隔开。 2.意义不同 In the class there are ten students who speak English very well. 这个班有10名英语说的好的学生。 In the class there are ten students, who speak English very well. 这个班有10名学生，他们英语说得很好。 ★限制性，班上不只有10名学生，但只有这10名学生英语说得好 删掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确 ★非限制性，班上只有10个学生，补充说明他们的英语说得好 删掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚 3.作用不同 He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy. which指“He was late again”这个句子 ★限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，去掉会影响句意的完整， 其先行词一般是名词或代词， ★非限制性定语从句对先行词是补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响句意的不完整 其先行词既可以是名词或代词，也可是整个句子 4.翻译不同 限定从: 一般先译主句, 后译从句,即把从句翻译在先行词前 翻译成两个分句“.....的” 非限定从: 一般先译主句, 后译从句, 翻译成两个分句。 He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 He is a warm-hearted man, who lives next to me. 他是个热心肠的人, 住在我的隔壁 5.非限定从关系词-四注意 1.）在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时可以省略；在非限制性定语从句中，所有关系词都不可省略。 2） 关系词指人时作主语用who，做宾语用whom（不能用who替代） Mr. White, whom you met yesterday, is one of my old friends. 3）that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well. 4）非限制性定语从句表原因时，不能用why引导，而用for which代替why。 I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 观察并思考2：关系词as和which的区别？ 1. As everyone knows, China is a country with a long history. 2. Things, as is often the case, will turn out to be contrary to one's wishes. 3. She is a great hero, as is described in the report. 4. He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy. （4） as多用于固定搭配中： as is often the case（这是常有的事） as was expected（不出所料） as often happens（正如经常发生的那样） as is known to all（众所周知） as has becn said before（如上所述） as is mentioned above（正如上面所提到的）等。 （5）as引导限制性定语从句（固定搭配） 只能用在由such，the same,as等修饰的先行词后面，先行词可以是人或物，as在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。 the same...as... 和....一样的（同类） the same....that 就是那一个（同一个） 小试牛刀： ①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。 She is always working hard，____ everyone can see. ②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。 The book，______ I bought yesterday, is very instructive. ③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。 ______ everyone can see, she is honest. = She is honest，_______ everyone can see. ④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。______ we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health. ⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。Tom suddenly fell ill，_______ made us very sad. 1. The park, __________ has a playground, is near my home.（物） 2. My friend Anna, __________ is from Canada, speaks Chinese well.（人，主语） 3. Last summer, __________ we visited Beijing, it rained a lot.（时间） 4. The restaurant, __________ we had dinner yesterday, is Italian.（地点） 5. the cat,，_________tail is long, is my pet.（猫的尾巴） 口诀：逗号后，不选that；物用which，人用who；所属用whose，时间地点看先行词 综合练习： 1.Mr Smith，______ native language is English, can speak Chinese fluently. 2.She has been absent again,______ is expected. 3.China, ______ was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 4.Last Sunday they reached Nanjing, ______a conference was to be held. 5.This is Mr Smith, ______ I think has something interesting to tell you. 6.My father bought me several books, none of ________ I like to read. 7.The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang, ______they respect greatly. 8.The weather turned out to be very good, _____was more than I had expected. 9.The books on the desk,________ covers are shiny,are prizes for us.  10.There are 50 students in our class, half of ________ are girls. 11.I had told them the reason, _________ I didn’t attend the meeting. 12.I left on Sunday, ____________ everyone was at home. 翻译句子（中译英，非限定从句） 1. 我的手机，上周买的，突然坏了。 → My phone, ________________________________________ , suddenly broke. 2. 王老师，教我们物理的，昨天生病了。 → Mr. Wang, ________________________________________, was sick yesterday. 3. 去年生日，我收到了自行车，那天很开心。 → Last birthday, ________________________________________, I was very happy. 4. 我的自行车，去年买的，今天丢了。 →My bike, ______________________________________________________ 5. 北京是中国的首都。北京有很多古迹。 →Beijing, ______________________________________________, is China’s capital. 6.我养了一只猫。它的名字叫Mimi。 → I have a cat, __________________________________________. 7.我们参观了故宫。故宫的历史超过600年。 → We visited the Forbidden City, _________________________. 用非限定从改写句子 1. I would like to travel around Hangzhou, 它以迷人的风景而著称。 2. What impressed me most was her spirit，它激励着我一直前进。 3. My favourite scientist is Tu Youyou, 她发现了治疗疟疾的一种新的治疗方法。 4. Finally we arrived at the destination, 在哪里我们的朋友们正在等着我们。 5. My grandparents like trying different/distinct foods, 它是释放压力的一种有效的方式。 6. I wish to obtain a part-time job, 从中我能学到很多. 7. My best friend is Lili, 她对画画很有激情. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $