Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版2019必修第二册

Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.害怕地 2.害怕 3.使事情更糟糕 4.砍掉；切掉 5.对…有…影响 6.根据，以…为基础 7.正在做某事，这时… 8.对…的态度 【答案】 1.in fear 2.be scared/frightened/afraid of 3.make things worse 4.cut of 5.have an effect on/upon 6.be based on 7.come across 8.attitudes towards/to 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.It wasn’t a serious heart attack, but it gave him a terrible ____________(害怕). 2.The company has____________(以…为目标) adults as its primary customers. 3.The greatest discovery of all time is that a person can change his future by merely changing his _____ (态度). 4.Many species of plants and animals are in danger of ____________(灭绝). 5. ____________(幸运的是), no one was hurt on the plane, which later landed safely in the city’s airport. 6.For example, tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets so that they can only live in (保护区). 【答案】 1.scare 2.targeted 3.attitude 4.extinction 5.Fortunately 6.reserves 三、单句语法填空。 1. ____________(fortunately), we do not have the time to interview every applicant. 2.Due to human’s hunting and environmental changes, blue whales could soon become_______(extinction). 3.Due ____________ staff shortages, we are unable to offer a full buffet service on this train. 4.Beckham school will be __________(target) at boys and girls of all ability levels aged between 8 and 15. 5.He____________(admit )that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. 6.By now, the total number of mobile phone users in China ____________ (reach) 916 million. 7.Your opinion is based ____________incomplete information. 8.Benchley saw tigers ____________(kill) and this caused a deep change in him. 9.She moved quietly to avoid ____________(scare) the birds away. 10.The exercises are designed to (strength) your writing. 【答案】 1.Unfortunately　2.extinct　3.to　4.targeted 5.admitted 6. has reached 7.on 8.being killed 9..scaring 10.strengthen 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.The manager was satisfied to see . 看到这项任务被按时完成，经理很满意。 2.Open your heart, and you’ll make . 敞开你的心扉，你可以让别人更好地了解你。 3.You need to understand how Chinese speakers have . 你需要理解中文演讲者是怎样组织他们的想法的。 4.With all our efforts, we can bring a brighter future to all creatures . 在我们的共同努力下，我们可以给生活在大海中的所有生物带来一个更美好的未来。 【答案】 1.the task finished on time 2.yourself better known 3.their thoughts organized 4.living in the sea 五、语法填空 Wildlife in decline The populations of the Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物) have declined by 69% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2022 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching (偷猎) are in large part 1 (blame) for the decline. 2 the trend continues, the world will lose two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet 3 this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, freshwater and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge,” says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The study included 3,700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3,000 sources, including government statistics and surveys 4 (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analysed 5 the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done 6 (bad) than others. “We do see particularly strong declines in the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water 7 (use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation (分裂) of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.” The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, 8 have suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. 9 all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven’t yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman, head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, they are not dying out, and that 10 (mean) we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.” 【答案】 1． to blame 2．If 3．that 4．carried 5．how 6．worse 7．is used 8．which 9．Despite 10．Means 六、阅读理解 （安徽省宣城市 2024-2025 学年高二下学期期末）he beginning of the 20th century saw more than 100,000 tigers living in the wild, a figure that experienced a huge reduction of about 97% due to factors like illegal hunting and trading, habitat loss, shortage of food, human-tiger conflict and lack of will to address these factors. Protecting and improving tiger habitats can lead to the protection of thousands of other species, as well as important ecosystem services that benefit nations and the people who live in and close to these habitats. Forests in tiger landscapes store almost 3.5 times more carbon than other forests and offer protection against floods and other natural disasters. They also attract ecotourism and support agriculture by providing fresh water, safeguarding soil and regulating (调节) local weather. In 2010, the governments of 13 tiger range countries finally committed to doubling the number of tigers in the wild and have made great efforts since. In 2022, India reported an increase of 619 tigers since 2018, making it the second nation — after Nepal — to double its wild tiger population compared to the 2010 baseline. On July 29, 2023, the world celebrated International Tiger Day with good news from Bhutan. Its latest tiger population survey reported 131 more tigers living in the wild, a 27% increase from its first systematic survey in 2015. Bhutan’s achievement is reason to celebrate. But people in Bhutan and other tiger range countries may not necessarily be enthusiastic about the growth in tiger populations. After all, there are challenges ahead, such as the possibility of more human-tiger conflicts and reduced willingness to live alongside large predators (掠食动物). Preventing conflict from happening in the first place is an essential first step. Governments and conservation organizations can invest in early warning systems, structures for protection against predators and other measures to prevent human-tiger conflicts. When conflicts do occur, measures to reduce their impacts, like insurance projects, are important. Finally, the most important element of human-tiger coexistence (共存) is an equitable (公正的) and inclusive approach to conservation. Local communities should have a voice in developing and carrying out conservation strategies. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The benefit of ecotourism. B．The value of protecting tiger habitats. C．The necessity of planting forests. D．The influence of tigers on agriculture. 2．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By showing differences. C．By presenting problems. D．By providing research results. 3．What may cause people’s lack of enthusiasm towards increasing tiger populations? A．The increased illegal hunting. B．The investment required. C．The previous failures. D．The potential risks. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Protecting Tiger Habitats and Human Habitats B．Strategies for Preventing Human-Tiger Conflicts C．Challenges and Opportunities in Human-Tiger Coexistence D．The Role of Local Communities in Tiger Conservation Efforts 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了保护老虎的栖息地和生态系统服务的好处，以及保护老虎所带来的挑战。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Protecting and improving tiger habitats can lead to the protection of thousands of other species, as well as important ecosystem services that benefit nations and the people who live in and close to these habitats. (保护和改善老虎栖息地可以保护数千种其他物种以及重要的生态系统服务，使生活在这些栖息地及其附近的国家和人民受益。)”以及最后一句“They also attract ecotourism and support agriculture by providing fresh water, safeguarding soil and regulating (调节) local weather. (它们还通过提供淡水、保护土壤和调节当地天气来吸引生态旅游和支持农业。)”可知，本段主要讲保护老虎的栖息地和生态系统服务对人类有很大的好处，从而强调拯救老虎的重要性。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“In 2010, the governments of 13 tiger range countries finally committed to doubling the number of tigers in the wild and have made great efforts since. In 2022, India reported an increase of 619 tigers since 2018, making it the second nation — after Nepal — to double its wild tiger population compared to the 2010 baseline. On July 29, 2023, the world celebrated International Tiger Day with good news from Bhutan. Its latest tiger population survey reported 131 more tigers living in the wild, a 27% increase from its first systematic survey in 2015. (2010年，13个虎类栖息地国家的政府最终承诺将野生虎的数量增加一倍，并且此后一直在为此努力。2022年，印度报告称自2018年以来野生虎的数量增加了619只，使其成为继尼泊尔之后第二个与2010年基线相比野生虎数量翻倍的国家。2023年7月29日，全世界共同庆祝国际虎日，并从不丹获得了好消息。该国最新的虎类数量调查报告称，野生虎的数量比2015年的首次系统性调查增加了131只，增幅达27%。)”可知，第三段主要是通过举例讲述人们对拯救老虎做出的努力。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“After all, there are challenges ahead such as the possibility of more human-tiger conflicts and reduced Willingness to live alongside large predators. (毕竟，前方还有挑战，比如可能会有更多的人与虎之间的冲突，以及与大型捕食者一起生活的意愿降低。)”可知，潜在的风险可以解释人们对老虎数量增加缺乏热情。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Preventing conflict from happening in the first place is an essential first step. Governments and protection organizations can invest in early warning systems, structures for protection against predators and other measures to prevent human-tiger conflicts. When conflicts do occur, measures to reduce their impacts, like insurance projects, are important: Finally, the most important part of human-tiger coexistence(共存) is an fair and inclusive way to protection. Local communities should have a voice in developing and carrying out protection strategies. (首先，防止冲突的发生是至关重要的第一步。政府和保护组织可以投资于预警系统、防御捕食者的结构和其他预防人虎冲突的措施。当冲突确实发生时，采取措施减少其影响，如保险项目，是很重要的：最后，人虎共存最重要的部分是公平和包容的保护方式。当地社区应在制定和实施保护战略方面拥有发言权。)”以及本文主要讲述了保护老虎的栖息地和生态系统服务的好处，以及保护老虎所带来的挑战。所以C项“人虎共存的挑战与机遇”最符合文章标题。故选C项。 七、七选五 （四川省泸州市 2024 年一模）Do Lobsters Feel Pain? The traditional method for cooking a lobster (龙虾) — boiling it alive — raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain. 1 . Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor. However, if lobsters are capable of feeling pain, the method and others, such as storing the live lobster on ice, raise moral questions for chefs and lobster eaters alike. 2 . Lobsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead of a single brain, they possess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness. So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain. 3 , so it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggio Emilia. The most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes a lobster, making it unconscious in less than half a second or killing it in 5 to 10 seconds. 4 . Unfortunately, the CrustaStun is too expensive for most restaurants and people to afford. Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. 5 , but it is probably the most humane option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it. A．This solution is not ideal B．And then, it can be cut apart or boiled C．Lobsters are popular food in many countries D．There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain E．Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain F．Many restaurants choose more humane methods to cook it G．This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一直以来科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见，现在越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛，因此一些国家禁止将龙虾活煮或放在冰上，推荐使用更人道的水产品电击器处理龙虾，一些无力负担该工具的餐馆则尽量选择其他人道的方式进行处理。 1．前文“The traditional method for cooking a lobster (龙虾) — boiling it alive — raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain. (传统的烹饪龙虾的方法——活煮龙虾——引发了龙虾是否会感到疼痛的问题)”引入传统活煮龙虾的话题，后文“Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor. (龙虾死后很快就会变质，吃死龙虾会增加患病的风险，并降低其味道的质量)”具体解释采用这种烹饪方式的原因，因此G项“This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience (这种烹饪方式被用来改善人类的用餐体验)”符合语境，承接前文，概括后文的具体解释，其中的This cooking way指代前文的boiling it alive。故选G。 2．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文的“Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. (由于这种差异，一些研究人员认为龙虾与脊椎动物太不相似了，感觉不到疼痛)”和“So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain. (因此，大多数科学家认为，伤害龙虾会导致身体疼痛)”可知，本段主要介绍了对龙虾是否会感到疼痛的两种不同意见，因此E项“Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain (科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见)”符合语境，统领后文内容，其中的feel pain和后文的feel pain是同词复现。故选E。 3．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“so it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice (因此，现在将龙虾活煮或放在冰上是违法的)”指出活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上被禁止，因此D项“There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain (越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛)”符合语境，解释后文被禁止的原因。故选D。 4．前文“The most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes a lobster, making it unconscious in less than half a second or killing it in 5 to 10 seconds. (煮龙虾最人道的工具是水产品电击器。这种装置可以电击龙虾，让它在不到半秒的时间内失去意识，或者在5到10秒内杀死它)”介绍了使用水产品电击器来处理龙虾的方式，因此B项“And then, it can be cut apart or boiled (然后，它可以被切开或煮)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的it指代前文的a lobster。故选B。 5．前文“Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. (一些餐馆把龙虾放在塑料袋里，放在冰箱里几个小时，在这段时间里，龙虾失去知觉，死亡)”介绍了一些无力负担水产品电击器的餐馆处理龙虾的方法，后文“but it is probably the most humane option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it (但在烹饪和食用龙虾之前杀死它可能是最人性化的选择)”对这种方法做出了评价，因此A项“This solution is not ideal (这个解决方案并不理想)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文形成转折。故选A。 八、完形填空 （广东省 2022 年二模）Joriden’s love with migrating (迁徙的) raptors (肉食鸟) started when he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village. His 1 drove him to find out what they were doing. To his joy, the strangers 2 him to take a look. With just one quick look, Joriden was 3 . “The sight is very 4 ,” says Joriden. “They take away my stress. I 5 watching these mighty birds.” Joriden used to hunt birds for fun or food. But the 6 with the birdwatchers shifted his mind. Now, not only did he 7 his fellow youths or even older folk to 8 birds they’ve caught, but he also 9 the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to 10 the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds. Raptors are 11 indicators of the health of the environment. They sit on top of the food chain, thus their health depends on the health of the whole ecosystem they live in. Declines in their population can indicate a 12 in the specific ecosystem that raptor species depend upon or visit. Raptors, which are natural predators (食肉动物), are also 13 to human food security and livelihoods. If their population 14 , the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase, 15 agricultural productivity. 1．A．joy B．curiosity C．experience D．confidence 2．A．reminded B．urged C．allowed D．convinced 3．A．attracted B．controlled C．rewarded D．accepted 4．A．regular B．strange C．famous D．impressive 5．A．imagined B．avoided C．enjoyed D．risked 6．A．encounter B．discussion C．adventure D．training 7．A．wait for B．send for C．rely on D．appeal to 8．A．sell B．raise C．scare D．release 9．A．warned B．persuaded C．forced D．expected 10．A．protect B．locate C．clear D．hide 11．A．natural B．statistical C．subjective D．faulty 12．A．probability B．problem C．secret D．pattern 13．A．familiar B．accessible C．obvious D．beneficial 14．A．doubles B．decreases C．varies D．ages 15．A．boosting B．maintaining C．affecting D．measuring 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是Joriden在一次与观鸟者的邂逅后呼吁人们保护肉食鸟，因为肉食鸟是环境健康的天然指示器，同时也影响人类粮食安全和生计。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心驱使他去了解他们在做什么。A. joy高兴；B. curiosity好奇心；C. experience经验；D. confidence自信。由上文的“he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village”可知，他看到一群陌生人在他村子的山顶上用望远镜扫视天空，所以出于好奇心，他去了解他们在做什么，故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令他高兴的是，陌生人允许他看一眼。A. reminded提醒；B. urged催促；C. allowed允许；D. convinced使信服。由后文的“With just one quick look”可知，那些陌生人允许他看一眼，故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joriden一眼就被吸引住了。A. attracted吸引；B. controlled控制；C. rewarded回报；D. accepted接受。由后文的“They take away my stress”可知，Joriden觉得鸟带走了他的压力，所以是被吸引住了，故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这景象令人印象深刻，”Joriden说。A. regular有规律的；B. strange奇怪的；C. famous著名的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。由上文的“With just one quick look, Joriden was____3____”可知，他被吸引了，所以那个景象是令人印象深刻的，故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看这些强大的鸟。A. imagined想象；B. avoided避免；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. risked冒风险。由上文的“They take away my stress”可知，他觉得那些鸟带走了他的压力，所以是喜欢看这些强大的鸟，故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但与观鸟者的邂逅改变了他的想法。A. encounter邂逅；B. discussion讨论；C. adventure冒险；D. training训练。根据第一段的“he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village”可知，他和观鸟者的邂逅改变了他的想法，故选A。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，他不仅呼吁和他一样的年轻人，也呼吁老年人释放他们捕获的鸟，而且他还说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木来保护候鸟的栖息地。A. wait for等候；B. send for召唤；C. rely on依靠；D. appeal to呼吁。由后文的“his fellow youths or even older folk to____8____birds they’ve caught”可知，他呼吁年轻人和老年人释放捕获的鸟，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他不仅呼吁他的年轻人甚至老年人释放他们捕获的鸟，而且他还说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木来保护候鸟的栖息地。A. sell卖；B. raise举起；C. scare使惊恐；D. release释放。由后文的“birds they’ve caught, but he also____9____the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to____10____the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，他是采取行动保护鸟，所以是呼吁人释放捕获的鸟，故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他不仅呼吁他的年轻人甚至老年人释放他们捕获的鸟，而且他还说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木来保护候鸟的栖息地。A. warned警告；B. persuaded说服；C. forced强迫；D. expected期待。由后文的“the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to____10____the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，他是说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木，故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他不仅呼吁他的年轻人甚至老年人释放他们捕获的鸟，而且他还说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木来保护候鸟的栖息地。A. protect保护；B. locate定位；C. clear清理；D. hide躲藏。由前面的“to stop cutting trees in the mountains”和后面的“the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，停止砍伐山上的树木是为了保护候鸟的栖息地，故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肉食鸟是环境健康的天然指示器。A. natural天然的；B. statistical统计学的；C. subjective主观的；D. faulty有错误的。由后文的“indicators of the health of the environment”可知，肉食鸟是环境健康的天然指示器，故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们数量的下降可能表明肉食鸟物种依赖或访问的特定生态系统出现了问题。A. probability可能性；B. problem问题；C. secret秘密；D. pattern模式。由上文的“Declines in their population”可知，它们数量的下降可能表明肉食鸟物种依赖或访问的特定生态系统出现了问题。故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肉食鸟是自然界的掠食者，也有利于人类的粮食安全和生计。A. familiar熟悉的；B. accessible可使用的；C. obvious明显的；D. beneficial有益的。由后文的“If their population____14____, the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase,____15____agricultural productivity”可知，肉食鸟对人类的粮食安全和生计是有益的，故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果它们的数量减少，迁徙途中的害虫和动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。A. doubles加倍；B. decreases减少；C. varies变化；D. ages变老。由后文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，肉食鸟可以吃害虫，所以如果它们的数量减少，那么害虫的数量就会增加，故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果它们的数量减少，迁徙途中的害虫和动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。A. boosting使增长；B. maintaining保持；C. affecting影响；D. measuring测量。由上文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，如果肉食鸟的数量减少，迁徙途中的害虫和动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。故选C。 $Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.害怕地 2.害怕 3.使事情更糟糕 4.砍掉；切掉 5.对…有…影响 6.根据，以…为基础 7.正在做某事，这时… 8.对…的态度 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.It wasn’t a serious heart attack, but it gave him a terrible ____________(害怕). 2.The company has____________(以…为目标) adults as its primary customers. 3.The greatest discovery of all time is that a person can change his future by merely changing his _____ (态度). 4.Many species of plants and animals are in danger of ____________(灭绝). 5. ____________(幸运的是), no one was hurt on the plane, which later landed safely in the city’s airport. 6.For example, tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets so that they can only live in (保护区). 三、单句语法填空。 1. ____________(fortunately), we do not have the time to interview every applicant. 2.Due to human’s hunting and environmental changes, blue whales could soon become_______(extinction). 3.Due ____________ staff shortages, we are unable to offer a full buffet service on this train. 4.Beckham school will be __________(target) at boys and girls of all ability levels aged between 8 and 15. 5.He____________(admit )that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. 6.By now, the total number of mobile phone users in China ____________ (reach) 916 million. 7.Your opinion is based ____________incomplete information. 8.Benchley saw tigers ____________(kill) and this caused a deep change in him. 9.She moved quietly to avoid ____________(scare) the birds away. 10.The exercises are designed to (strength) your writing. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.The manager was satisfied to see . 看到这项任务被按时完成，经理很满意。 2.Open your heart, and you’ll make . 敞开你的心扉，你可以让别人更好地了解你。 3.You need to understand how Chinese speakers have . 你需要理解中文演讲者是怎样组织他们的想法的。 4.With all our efforts, we can bring a brighter future to all creatures . 在我们的共同努力下，我们可以给生活在大海中的所有生物带来一个更美好的未来。 五、语法填空 Wildlife in decline The populations of the Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物) have declined by 69% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2022 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching (偷猎) are in large part 1 (blame) for the decline. 2 the trend continues, the world will lose two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet 3 this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, freshwater and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge,” says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The study included 3,700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3,000 sources, including government statistics and surveys 4 (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analysed 5 the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done 6 (bad) than others. “We do see particularly strong declines in the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water 7 (use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation (分裂) of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.” The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, 8 have suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. 9 all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven’t yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman, head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, they are not dying out, and that 10 (mean) we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.” 六、阅读理解 （安徽省宣城市 2024-2025 学年高二下学期期末）he beginning of the 20th century saw more than 100,000 tigers living in the wild, a figure that experienced a huge reduction of about 97% due to factors like illegal hunting and trading, habitat loss, shortage of food, human-tiger conflict and lack of will to address these factors. Protecting and improving tiger habitats can lead to the protection of thousands of other species, as well as important ecosystem services that benefit nations and the people who live in and close to these habitats. Forests in tiger landscapes store almost 3.5 times more carbon than other forests and offer protection against floods and other natural disasters. They also attract ecotourism and support agriculture by providing fresh water, safeguarding soil and regulating (调节) local weather. In 2010, the governments of 13 tiger range countries finally committed to doubling the number of tigers in the wild and have made great efforts since. In 2022, India reported an increase of 619 tigers since 2018, making it the second nation — after Nepal — to double its wild tiger population compared to the 2010 baseline. On July 29, 2023, the world celebrated International Tiger Day with good news from Bhutan. Its latest tiger population survey reported 131 more tigers living in the wild, a 27% increase from its first systematic survey in 2015. Bhutan’s achievement is reason to celebrate. But people in Bhutan and other tiger range countries may not necessarily be enthusiastic about the growth in tiger populations. After all, there are challenges ahead, such as the possibility of more human-tiger conflicts and reduced willingness to live alongside large predators (掠食动物). Preventing conflict from happening in the first place is an essential first step. Governments and conservation organizations can invest in early warning systems, structures for protection against predators and other measures to prevent human-tiger conflicts. When conflicts do occur, measures to reduce their impacts, like insurance projects, are important. Finally, the most important element of human-tiger coexistence (共存) is an equitable (公正的) and inclusive approach to conservation. Local communities should have a voice in developing and carrying out conservation strategies. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The benefit of ecotourism. B．The value of protecting tiger habitats. C．The necessity of planting forests. D．The influence of tigers on agriculture. 2．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By showing differences. C．By presenting problems. D．By providing research results. 3．What may cause people’s lack of enthusiasm towards increasing tiger populations? A．The increased illegal hunting. B．The investment required. C．The previous failures. D．The potential risks. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Protecting Tiger Habitats and Human Habitats B．Strategies for Preventing Human-Tiger Conflicts C．Challenges and Opportunities in Human-Tiger Coexistence D．The Role of Local Communities in Tiger Conservation Efforts 七、七选五 （四川省泸州市 2024 年一模）Do Lobsters Feel Pain? The traditional method for cooking a lobster (龙虾) — boiling it alive — raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain. 1 . Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor. However, if lobsters are capable of feeling pain, the method and others, such as storing the live lobster on ice, raise moral questions for chefs and lobster eaters alike. 2 . Lobsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead of a single brain, they possess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness. So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain. 3 , so it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggio Emilia. The most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes a lobster, making it unconscious in less than half a second or killing it in 5 to 10 seconds. 4 . Unfortunately, the CrustaStun is too expensive for most restaurants and people to afford. Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. 5 , but it is probably the most humane option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it. A．This solution is not ideal B．And then, it can be cut apart or boiled C．Lobsters are popular food in many countries D．There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain E．Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain F．Many restaurants choose more humane methods to cook it G．This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience 八、完形填空 （广东省 2022 年二模）Joriden’s love with migrating (迁徙的) raptors (肉食鸟) started when he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village. His 1 drove him to find out what they were doing. To his joy, the strangers 2 him to take a look. With just one quick look, Joriden was 3 . “The sight is very 4 ,” says Joriden. “They take away my stress. I 5 watching these mighty birds.” Joriden used to hunt birds for fun or food. But the 6 with the birdwatchers shifted his mind. Now, not only did he 7 his fellow youths or even older folk to 8 birds they’ve caught, but he also 9 the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to 10 the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds. Raptors are 11 indicators of the health of the environment. They sit on top of the food chain, thus their health depends on the health of the whole ecosystem they live in. Declines in their population can indicate a 12 in the specific ecosystem that raptor species depend upon or visit. Raptors, which are natural predators (食肉动物), are also 13 to human food security and livelihoods. If their population 14 , the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase, 15 agricultural productivity. 1．A．joy B．curiosity C．experience D．confidence 2．A．reminded B．urged C．allowed D．convinced 3．A．attracted B．controlled C．rewarded D．accepted 4．A．regular B．strange C．famous D．impressive 5．A．imagined B．avoided C．enjoyed D．risked 6．A．encounter B．discussion C．adventure D．training 7．A．wait for B．send for C．rely on D．appeal to 8．A．sell B．raise C．scare D．release 9．A．warned B．persuaded C．forced D．expected 10．A．protect B．locate C．clear D．hide 11．A．natural B．statistical C．subjective D．faulty 12．A．probability B．problem C．secret D．pattern 13．A．familiar B．accessible C．obvious D．beneficial 14．A．doubles B．decreases C．varies D．ages 15．A．boosting B．maintaining C．affecting D．measuring $