摘要:
该高中英语必修1 Unit 3 “Getting along with others”词汇知识清单系统梳理了40个核心词汇及其派生词、常见搭配和典型语境,涵盖人际关系、情绪表达、沟通技巧与价值观等主题范畴,构建了从“基础词义理解”到“语境应用分析”再到“跨文化意识培养”的多维学习支架。
清单通过分类整理、分级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“on the rocks”“in the wrong”等高频短语设为重难点并附实用例句,强化语言能力与思维品质的融合。特别设计“易混点对比表”(如recover from vs. get over)和“记忆口诀提示”(如“judge by appearance, not by face”),帮助学生高效辨析差异,提升学习效率。教师可据此精准定位教学重点,学生则能自主查漏补缺,实现语言能力、文化意识与学习能力的协同发展。
内容正文:
译林版 必修1 UNIT 3 Getting along with others. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
派生词
核心考点
经典例句
1
on the rocks (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 (30)
N/A
on the rocks (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃
Their marriage has been on the rocks since they had a big fight.(自从大吵一架后,他们的婚姻就濒临崩溃了。)
2
awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 (30)
- awkwardly /ˈɔːkwədli/ adv. 局促不安地;令人尴尬地;笨拙地- awkwardness /ˈɔːkwədnəs/ n. 局促不安;尴尬;笨拙
N/A
She felt awkward when she realized she had called the teacher by the wrong name.(当意识到自己叫错了老师的名字时,她感到很尴尬。)
3
sight /saɪt/ n. 视野;视力;看见;out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 (30)
- sighted /ˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 有视力的;看得见的- sightseeing /ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/ n. 观光,游览
out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线
As soon as the train was out of his sight, he turned and walked away.(火车一从他的视线中消失,他就转身走开了。)
4
original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 起初的;独创的;原作的 (30)
- originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ adv. 起初;原来;独创地- origin /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ n. 起源;源头;出身
N/A
The original plan was to go hiking, but we changed it because of the rain.(起初的计划是去徒步,但因为下雨我们改了主意。)
5
medium /ˈmiːdiəm/ n. (pl. media) 传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具;adj. 中等的,中号的 (30)
media /ˈmiːdiə/ n. (medium的复数)传播媒介;媒体
N/A
Social media has become an important medium for people to communicate.(社交媒体已成为人们交流的重要媒介。)
6
social media 社交媒体 (30)
N/A
social media 社交媒体
Many teenagers spend a lot of time on social media every day.(很多青少年每天花大量时间在社交媒体上。)
7
make it 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 (30)
N/A
make it 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功
I rushed to the airport, but I still didn’t make it to the flight.(我飞奔到机场,但还是没赶上航班。)
8
horrible /ˈhɒrəbl/ adj. 令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的 (30)
- horribly /ˈhɒrəbli/ adv. 令人震惊地;极坏地- horror /ˈhɒrə(r)/ n. 恐惧;震惊;可怕的事
N/A
The food in that restaurant was horrible, so we left after eating a little.(那家餐馆的食物糟透了,我们吃了一点就走了。)
9
chat /tʃæt/ vi. & n. 聊天,闲聊 (30)
- chatty /ˈtʃæti/ adj. 爱聊天的;健谈的
chat with sb 与某人聊天
She often chats with her best friend on the phone every weekend.(她每个周末经常和最好的朋友打电话聊天。)
10
café /ˈkæfeɪ/ n. 咖啡馆,小餐馆 (30)
N/A
N/A
We decided to meet at a small café near the park this afternoon.(我们决定今天下午在公园附近的一家小咖啡馆见面。)
11
recover /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ vi. 恢复健康;恢复常态;vt. 全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制 (30)
- recovery /rɪˈkʌvəri/ n. 恢复;康复;收回
recover from 从……中恢复(健康/常态)
It took her a long time to recover from the illness.(她花了很长时间才从那场病中康复。)
12
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vi. & vt. 回答,回应;作出反应,响应 (30)
- response /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 回答;回应;反应- responsive /rɪˈspɒnsɪv/ adj. 反应迅速的;积极回应的
respond to 对……作出回应/反应
He failed to respond to any of my messages yesterday.(昨天他没有回复我的任何消息。)
13
loss /lɒs/ n. 失去,丧失;亏损;去世;损失;at a loss 不知所措,困惑 (30)
- lose /luːz/ vt. & vi. 失去;丢失;输掉(过去式/过去分词:lost)
at a loss 不知所措,困惑
When asked about the accident, he was at a loss for words.(当被问及那场事故时,他不知所措,说不出话来。)
14
judge /dʒʌdʒ/ vt. & vi. 评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为;n. 法官;裁判员 (31)
- judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ n. 判断;看法;判决
judge...by/from... 依据……判断……
You shouldn’t judge a person by his appearance.(你不应该以貌取人。)
15
in the wrong 有错,应承担责任 (31)
N/A
in the wrong 有错,应承担责任
He finally realized he was in the wrong and apologized to his friend.(他最终意识到自己错了,并向朋友道歉。)
16
apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ vi. 道歉,谢罪 (31)
- apology /əˈpɒlədʒi/ n. 道歉;致歉
apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
She apologized to her teacher for being late this morning.(她因为今天早上迟到向老师道歉。)
17
behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ (AmE behavior) n. 行为,举止,态度 (31)
- behave /bɪˈheɪv/ vi. & vt. 表现;举止端正
N/A
The teacher praised the student for his good behaviour in class.(老师表扬了那个学生在课堂上的良好表现。)
18
case /keɪs/ n. 具体情况,事例;案件;容器;in any case 无论如何,不管怎样 (31)
N/A
in any case 无论如何,不管怎样
In any case, we must finish this task before the deadline.(无论如何,我们必须在截止日期前完成这项任务。)
19
frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的,直率的 (31)
- frankly /ˈfræŋkli/ adv. 坦率地;老实说
be frank with sb 对某人坦率
She is always frank with her parents about her thoughts.(她对父母总是坦诚自己的想法。)
20
definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ adv. 肯定,确实;确切地 (31)
- definite /ˈdefɪnət/ adj. 明确的;肯定的;确切的
N/A
I will definitely attend your birthday party next Saturday.(下周六我肯定会参加你的生日派对。)
21
trick /trɪk/ vt. 欺骗,欺诈;n. 诡计,花招;戏法 (31)
- tricky /ˈtrɪki/ adj. 难对付的;狡猾的;棘手的
play a trick on sb 捉弄某人
Some children like to play tricks on their classmates on April Fool’s Day.(有些孩子喜欢在愚人节捉弄同学。)
22
let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手,放开 (31)
N/A
let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手,放开
It’s hard for her to let go of the memories of her childhood.(她很难放下童年的回忆。)
23
ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ vt. 忽视,对…不予理会 (31)
- ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/ n. 无知;忽视- ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/ adj. 无知的;不知道的
N/A
He ignored the teacher’s advice and made the same mistake again.(他无视老师的建议,又犯了同样的错误。)
24
suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ vi. 受苦,受折磨;变差;vt. 遭受,蒙受 (31)
- suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦;苦难;折磨
suffer from 遭受……(病痛、苦难等)
Many people in that area suffer from hunger every year.(那个地区每年有很多人遭受饥饿之苦。)
25
misunderstand /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd/ vt. & vi. (misunderstood, misunderstood) 误解,误会 (33)
- misunderstanding /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ n. 误解;误会
N/A
They misunderstood each other because of the poor communication.(由于沟通不畅,他们误解了彼此。)
26
contact /ˈkɒntækt/ vt. & n. 联系,联络 (33)
N/A
keep in contact with sb 与某人保持联系;make contact with sb 与某人取得联系
I keep in contact with my former classmates by WeChat.(我通过微信和以前的同学保持联系。)
27
explode /ɪkˈspləʊd/ vi. (愤怒等感情) 爆发,迸发;爆炸;vt. 使爆炸 (33)
- explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/ n. 爆炸;(感情的)爆发
N/A
He exploded with anger when he heard the bad news.(听到这个坏消息,他勃然大怒。)
28
generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ adj. 宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的 (33)
- generosity /ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti/ n. 慷慨;大方;宽宏大量
be generous with sth 对某物(尤指钱财、时间)慷慨
She is always generous with her time when helping others.(帮助别人时,她在时间上总是很慷慨。)
29
count on 依赖,依靠,指望 (34)
N/A
count on 依赖,依靠,指望
You can count on me to help you with this project.(你可以指望我帮你做这个项目。)
30
eat away at 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 (34)
N/A
eat away at 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏
The acid in the rain has been eating away at the old building.(雨水里的酸一直在腐蚀这座老建筑。)
31
shallow /ˈʃæləʊ/ adj. 肤浅的,浅薄的;浅的 (34)
- shallowness /ˈʃæləʊnəs/ n. 肤浅;浅薄;浅
N/A
His understanding of this problem is very shallow.(他对这个问题的理解非常肤浅。)
32
blog /blɒɡ/ n. 博客,网志 (34)
- blogger /ˈblɒɡə(r)/ n. 博客作者;博主
write a blog 写博客
She writes a blog about her travel experiences every month.(她每个月写一篇关于自己旅行经历的博客。)
33
come between ... and ... 损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍 (34)
N/A
come between ... and ... 损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍
Don’t let small disagreements come between you and your best friend.(不要让小分歧破坏你和最好朋友的关系。)
34
in person 亲自,亲身 (34)
N/A
in person 亲自,亲身
She decided to go to the company in person to hand in her resume.(她决定亲自去公司递交简历。)
35
theme /θiːm/ n. 主题;主旋律 (35)
thematic /θiˈmætɪk/ adj. 主题的;与主题相关的
N/A
The theme of this year’s art exhibition is “Nature and Life”.(今年艺术展的主题是“自然与生活”。)
36
slave /sleɪv/ n. 奴隶 (35)
- slavery /ˈsleɪvəri/ n. 奴隶制;奴役
N/A
In the past, many African people were sold as slaves to other countries.(过去,很多非洲人被当作奴隶卖到其他国家。)
37
raft /rɑːft/ n. 木排,筏 (35)
N/A
N/A
They used a raft to cross the narrow river.(他们用木筏渡过了这条窄河。)
38
high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 (35)
N/A
high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分
The high point of the trip was visiting the ancient castle.(这次旅行最精彩的部分是参观那座古堡。)
39
through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦 (35)
N/A
through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦
True friends will stay with you through thick and thin.(真正的朋友会和你同甘共苦。)
40
opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n. 意见,看法;(群体的) 观点,信仰;in one’s opinion 在某人看来 (37)
- opinionated /əˈpɪnjəneɪtɪd/ adj. 固执己见的;武断的
in one’s opinion 在某人看来
In my opinion, reading is the best way to improve our knowledge.(在我看来,阅读是提升我们知识水平的最佳方式。)
41
quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. 品德,素质;质量;特征;adj. 优质的,高质量的 (37)
- qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ vt. & vi. (使)具有资格;(使)合格- qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 有资格的;合格的
N/A
This brand is famous for the high quality of its products.(这个品牌以其产品的高品质而闻名。)
42
basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n. (pl. bases) 基础;原因;基准 (37)
- base /beɪs/ n. 基础;基地;vt. 以……为基础
on the basis of 以……为基础
We make decisions on the basis of facts and data.(我们根据事实和数据做决定。)
43
respect /rɪˈspekt/ vt. 尊重,尊敬;n. 尊敬,敬意;重视 (37)
- respectful /rɪˈspektfəl/ adj. 恭敬的;有礼貌的- respectable /rɪˈspektəbl/ adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的
show respect for sb 尊重某人;respect sb for sth 因某事尊重某人
We should show respect for the elderly.(我们应该尊重老年人。)
44
get over 克服;恢复常态 (37)
N/A
get over 克服;恢复常态
It took her a long time to get over the failure of the exam.(她花了很长时间才从考试失败的阴影中走出来。)
45
efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 效率高的,有功效的 (37)
- efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 效率;效能- efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃntli/ adv. 高效地
N/A
This new machine is more efficient than the old one.(这台新机器比旧机器效率更高。)
46
extra /ˈekstrə/ adj. 额外的,分外的,附加的;adv. 额外,另外;特别,格外 (37)
N/A
extra money 额外的钱;extra time 额外的时间
She does extra work in the evening to earn more money.(她晚上做额外的工作来赚更多的钱。)
47
bring out 使显现,使表现出 (37)
N/A
bring out 使显现,使表现出
Difficult situations often bring out the best in people.(困境往往能让人展现出最好的一面。)
48
measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ vt. 估量,判定;测量;n. 措施;衡量 (37)
- measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/ n. 测量;尺寸;衡量
take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
The government has taken measures to protect the environment.(政府已采取措施保护环境。)
49
reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 沉思;反射;映像;反映 (39)
- reflect /rɪˈflekt/ vt. & vi. 反射;反映;沉思
on reflection 经过深思熟虑
On reflection, I think I made the right decision.(经过深思熟虑,我认为自己做了正确的决定。)
50
seek /siːk/ (sought, sought) vt. 试图;寻找;争取;vi. 寻求;寻找 (39)
- seeker /ˈsiːkə(r)/ n. 寻求者;寻找者
seek for 寻找;寻求;seek to do sth 试图做某事
They are seeking for a solution to this problem.(他们正在寻找这个问题的解决方案。)
51
escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ vi. & vt. 逃脱,躲避;逃跑;避开,避免;被遗忘;n. 逃离,逃脱 (39)
- escapee /ɪˌskeɪˈpiː/ n. 逃亡者;逃脱者
escape from 从……逃脱;escape doing sth 避免做某事
The prisoner tried to escape from the prison but failed.(那个囚犯试图从监狱逃跑,但失败了。)
52
smooth out 消除 (问题),克服 (困难) (39)
N/A
smooth out 消除 (问题),克服 (困难)
We need to smooth out the differences before we sign the contract.(在签订合同前,我们需要消除分歧。)
53
be meant to do sth 注定要做某事,应做某事 (39)
N/A
be meant to do sth 注定要做某事,应做某事
This book is meant to help students improve their English writing.(这本书旨在帮助学生提高英语写作能力。)
54
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 优势,益处,成效;vt. 使受益;vi. 得益于 (39)
- beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的;有利的
benefit from 从……中受益;be of benefit to 对……有益
People can benefit a lot from regular exercise.(定期锻炼能让人们受益匪浅。)
55
comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ vt. 宽慰,抚慰;n. 舒服;安慰 (39)
- comfortable /ˈkʌmfətəbl/ adj. 舒服的;舒适的- comfortably /ˈkʌmfətəbli/ adv. 舒服地;舒适地
give comfort to sb 给某人安慰;in comfort 舒适地
Her words gave great comfort to the sad child.(她的话给了那个伤心的孩子很大的安慰。)
56
joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人 (或事),乐趣 (39)
- joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ adj. 高兴的;快乐的- joyfully /ˈdʒɔɪfəli/ adv. 高兴地;快乐地
to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是
To my joy, I passed the final exam successfully.(令我高兴的是,我顺利通过了期末考试。)
57
failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败;失败的人 (或事);未履行;故障 (39)
- fail /feɪl/ vi. & vt. 失败;未能(做到);不及格
failure to do sth 未能做某事
His failure to keep his promise made his friends very angry.(他没能信守承诺,这让他的朋友们很生气。)
58
take on 呈现,具有 (39)
N/A
take on 呈现,具有
The small town takes on a new look during the Spring Festival.(春节期间,这个小镇呈现出一派新景象。)
59
in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地 (39)
N/A
in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地
She devoted herself to the work in full measure.(她全身心地投入到这项工作中。)
60
moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n. 时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻 (39)
- momentary /ˈməʊməntri/ adj. 短暂的;瞬间的
at the moment 此刻;当时;for a moment 一会儿
I’m very busy at the moment, so I can’t talk to you now.(我此刻很忙,没法和你说话。)
61
indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 其实,实际上;的确;真正地 (39)
N/A
N/A
The film is indeed very interesting; I want to watch it again.(这部电影的确很有趣,我想再看一遍。)
62
well-meaning /ˌwel ˈmiːnɪŋ/ adj. 出于好心的,善意的 (39)
N/A
N/A
He made a well-meaning mistake, so we didn’t blame him.(他犯了一个出于好心的错误,所以我们没有责怪他。)
63
recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ vt. 承认,意识到;认出,辨别出 (39)
- recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n. 认出;承认;认可
recognize sb/sth as 认出某人/某物为……;承认某人/某物为……
I didn’t recognize her as my old classmate at first.(起初我没认出她是我的老同学。)
64
thorough /ˈθʌrə/ adj. 彻底的,全面的;仔细的 (40)
- thoroughly /ˈθʌrəli/ adv. 彻底地;全面地;仔细地
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The police made a thorough investigation into the accident.(警方对这起事故进行了彻底的调查。)
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death /deθ/ n. 死,死亡;死亡状态 (40)
- die /daɪ/ vi. 死亡(过去式/过去分词:died)- dead /ded/ adj. 死的;无生命的
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The old man’s death made his family very sad.(老人的去世让他的家人非常伤心。)
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company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 陪伴,作伴;公司 (40)
- companion /kəmˈpæniən/ n. 同伴;伙伴
in company with sb 和某人一起;keep sb company 陪伴某人
She likes to keep her cat company when she is alone.(她独自一人时,喜欢让猫陪着她。)
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crowd /kraʊd/ n. 一伙人,一帮人;人群;vt. 挤满,使拥挤;vi. 聚集;挤,涌 (40)
- crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 拥挤的
a crowd of 一群……;crowd into 涌入
A large crowd of people gathered in the square to watch the performance.(一大群人聚集在广场上观看表演。)
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poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 (41)
- poetry /ˈpəʊətri/ n. 诗歌;诗集- poetic /pəʊˈetɪk/ adj. 诗歌的;诗意的
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Li Bai is one of the most famous poets in Chinese history.(李白是中国历史上最著名的诗人之一。)
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admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ vt. 钦佩,欣赏 (41)
- admiration /ˌædməˈreɪʃn/ n. 钦佩;欣赏- admirable /ˈædmərəbl/ adj. 令人钦佩的;值得欣赏的
admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩某人
I admire her for her courage and determination.(我钦佩她的勇气和决心。)
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wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒;果酒 (41)
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They enjoyed a bottle of red wine with their dinner.(他们晚餐时喝了一瓶红酒。)
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