Unit2 Let's Talk Teens 派生法背记单词清单-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

该高中英语必修1 Unit 2 “Let’s talk teens”单词派生法复习清单系统梳理了50个核心词汇及其派生词，涵盖名词、动词、形容词、副词等词性转换规律，构建了从“原词理解”到“派生拓展”再到“语境应用”的三层学习支架，帮助学生建立完整的词汇认知体系。 清单通过分类归纳、难度分级和语境关联等方式呈现知识结构，如将“anxious → anxiety → anxiously”标注为高频考点并配真实例句强化记忆，体现语言能力与思维品质的融合培养。特别设计“易混词对比表”和“派生词口诀卡”，例如“stress → stressful → stressed”用“压力源变压力感”辅助区分，提升学习效率。这种结构化、可视化的设计既便利学生自主整理错题与巩固难点，又助力教师精准定位教学重难点，实现高效课堂与深度学习的双向促进。

译林版 必修1 UNIT 2 Let’s talk teens. 期末派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 例句 1 nest /nest/ n. 鸟窝；巢穴，窝 There is a bird nest in the big apple tree.（那棵大苹果树上有一个鸟窝。） 1. nesting /ˈnestɪŋ/ n. 筑巢；嵌套；v. 筑巢（nest 的现在分词）2. nestler /ˈnestlə(r)/ n. 雏鸟；依偎者 1. The birds are nesting in the tree to prepare for their babies.（鸟儿们正在树上筑巢，为孵育雏鸟做准备。）2. The little nestler stayed in the nest and waited for its mother to bring food.（小雏鸟待在巢里，等着妈妈带食物回来。） 2 battle /ˈbætl/ n. & vt. & vi. 争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争 They had a long battle to protect the ancient forest from being cut down.（他们为保护古林不被砍伐进行了长期斗争。） 1. battler /ˈbætlə(r)/ n. 战斗者；奋斗者2. battling /ˈbætlɪŋ/ adj. 战斗的；奋斗的；v. 战斗（battle 的现在分词） 1. He is a brave battler who never gives up in the face of difficulties.（他是个勇敢的奋斗者，面对困难从不放弃。）2. The battling soldiers finally won the important war.（浴血奋战的士兵们最终赢得了这场重要的战争。） 3 argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ n. 争吵，争论；论点 My brother and I had an argument about which TV show to watch.（我和弟弟为看哪个电视节目吵了一架。） 1. argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ v. 争吵，争辩；说理，论证2. argumentative /ˌɑːɡjuˈmentətɪv/ adj. 好争辩的，爱争论的 1. Don’t argue with your parents—listen to their advice first.（别和父母争辩，先听听他们的建议。）2. The argumentative boy always tries to prove he’s right in every discussion.（这个爱争辩的男孩每次讨论都试图证明自己是对的。） 4 teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/ n. 青少年 Most teenagers like to listen to pop music in their free time.（大多数青少年空闲时喜欢听流行音乐。） teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的 She wrote a story about teenage life in her school magazine.（她在学校杂志上写了一篇关于青少年生活的文章。） 5 tension /ˈtenʃn/ n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 The tension between the two teams made the game more exciting.（两队之间的紧张氛围让比赛更刺激了。） 1. tense /tens/ adj. 紧张的；v.（使）紧张2. tensely /ˈtensli/ adv. 紧张地 1. Everyone felt tense before the important exam.（重要考试前，每个人都感到很紧张。）2. She spoke tensely when she talked about her scary experience.（说起那次可怕的经历，她说话很紧张。） 6 anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/ adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 My mom is anxious about my safety when I go out alone.（我独自出门时，妈妈很担心我的安全。） 1. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/ n. 焦虑，忧虑；渴望2. anxiously /ˈæŋkʃəsli/ adv. 焦虑地；渴望地 1. Too much anxiety can make it hard to sleep at night.（过多的焦虑会让人晚上难以入睡。）2. We waited anxiously for the results of the competition.（我们焦虑地等待比赛结果。） 7 rate /reɪt/ n. 速度；率；vi. & vt. 评价，评估 The car was moving at a high rate of 120 kilometers per hour.（这辆车以每小时120公里的高速行驶。） 1. rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ n. 等级；评分；收视率2. rated /ˈreɪtɪd/ adj. 额定的；被评价的 1. This movie has a high rating on the film website.（这部电影在电影网站上评分很高。）2. It’s a highly rated school that many students want to enter.（这是一所高评价的学校，很多学生都想进入。） 8 shoot /ʃuːt/ vi. & vt. (shot, shot) （使朝某方向）冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影；shoot up 快速长高 The little boy shot up by 10 centimeters in one year.（这个小男孩一年长高了10厘米。） 1. shooter /ˈʃuːtə(r)/ n. 射击者；射手2. shooting /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/ n. 射击；摄影；打猎 1. He is a good basketball shooter who often scores goals.（他是个优秀的篮球投手，经常得分。）2. The film shooting will start in this small town next month.（这部电影的拍摄将于下个月在这个小镇开始。） 9 spot /spɒt/ n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 There is a beautiful spot by the lake for having a picnic.（湖边有个野餐的好地方。） 1. spotted /ˈspɒtɪd/ adj. 有斑点的；被弄脏的；v. 发现（spot 的过去分词/过去式）2. spotting /ˈspɒtɪŋ/ n. 发现；斑点；v. 弄脏（spot 的现在分词） 1. She wore a spotted dress to the party yesterday.（昨天她穿了一条带斑点的裙子去参加派对。）2. The spotting of the rare bird made the birdwatchers very excited.（发现这只稀有鸟类让观鸟者们非常兴奋。） 10 target /ˈtɑːɡɪt/ n. （攻击的）目标，对象；靶子；vt. 把…作为攻击目标；面向 The company’s new product targets young people aged 18-25.（这家公司的新产品面向18至25岁的年轻人。） 1. targeted /ˈtɑːɡɪtɪd/ adj. 有针对性的；v. 以…为目标（target 的过去分词/过去式）2. targeting /ˈtɑːɡɪtɪŋ/ n. 瞄准；目标设定；v. 瞄准（target 的现在分词） 1. The store uses targeted ads to attract more customers.（这家商店用针对性广告吸引更多顾客。）2. The targeting of the project is to help poor children get education.（这个项目的目标设定是帮助贫困儿童获得教育。） 11 anger /ˈæŋɡə(r)/ n. 怒气，怒火 His anger disappeared when he heard the truth.（听到真相后，他的怒气消失了。） 1. angry /ˈæŋɡri/ adj. 生气的，愤怒的2. angrily /ˈæŋɡrəli/ adv. 愤怒地 1. My dad was angry with me because I forgot his birthday.（爸爸因为我忘了他的生日而生气。）2. She shouted angrily at the man who broke her window.（她对着打碎她窗户的男人愤怒地大喊。） 12 mental /ˈmentl/ adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的 Doing puzzles is good for our mental health.（玩拼图游戏对我们的心理健康有好处。） 1. mentally /ˈmentəli/ adv. 精神上；智力上；心理上2. mentality /menˈtæləti/ n. 心态；思维方式 1. He is mentally strong and can face difficulties calmly.（他心理承受力强，能平静面对困难。）2. Having a positive mentality helps you live a happier life.（拥有积极的心态能让你生活得更快乐。） 13 adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成年人 Adults should take responsibility for their own actions.（成年人应该为自己的行为负责。） 1. adulthood /ˈædʌlthʊd/ n. 成年期2. adult /ˈædʌlt/ adj. 成年的；成熟的 1. People usually become more responsible when they enter adulthood.（人们进入成年期后通常会更有责任感。）2. There is an adult education center near our community.（我们社区附近有一个成人教育中心。） 14 desire /dɪˈzaɪə(r)/ n. & vt. 渴望，希望 She has a strong desire to travel around the world.（她有强烈的愿望要环游世界。） 1. desirable /dɪˈzaɪərəbl/ adj. 令人向往的；可取的；合意的2. desirability /dɪˌzaɪərəˈbɪləti/ n. 合意；可取性；吸引力 1. A good job with a high salary is desirable for most people.（高薪的好工作是大多数人向往的。）2. The desirability of this plan makes it popular among the team.（这个计划的可行性让它在团队中很受欢迎。） 15 struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ vi. & n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 She struggled to carry the heavy box up the stairs.（她费力地把重箱子搬上楼梯。） 1. struggling /ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/ adj. 奋斗的；挣扎的；v. 奋斗（struggle 的现在分词）2. struggler /ˈstrʌɡlə(r)/ n. 奋斗者；挣扎者 1. The struggling student studies hard every day to improve his grades.（这个努力奋斗的学生每天都认真学习，想提高成绩。）2. He is a brave struggler who never gives up on his dreams.（他是个勇敢的奋斗者，从不放弃自己的梦想。） 16 rough /rʌf/ adj. 艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的 The rough road made it hard for the car to move fast.（崎岖的道路让汽车难以快速行驶。） 1. roughly /ˈrʌfli/ adv. 大约；粗糙地；粗略地2. roughness /ˈrʌfnəs/ n. 粗糙；艰难；粗暴 1. Roughly 500 people attended the school concert.（大约有500人参加了学校音乐会。）2. The roughness of the cloth made her skin uncomfortable.（布料的粗糙感让她的皮肤很不舒服。） 17 regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ adj. 频繁的；有规律的 He keeps a regular habit of getting up at 6 o’clock every morning.（他保持着每天早上6点起床的规律习惯。） 1. regularly /ˈreɡjələrli/ adv. 定期地；有规律地；经常2. regularity /ˌreɡjuˈlærəti/ n. 规律性；规则性；经常性 1. We need to exercise regularly to keep our bodies healthy.（我们需要定期锻炼来保持身体健康。）2. The regularity of his daily life helps him stay energetic.（他日常生活的规律性让他保持精力充沛。） 18 calm /kɑːm/ vt. 使平静，使镇静；adj. 镇静的，沉着的；calm down 平静，镇静 She took a deep breath to calm herself down before the speech.（演讲前，她深呼吸让自己平静下来。） 1. calmly /ˈkɑːmli/ adv. 平静地；镇静地；沉着地2. calmness /ˈkɑːmnəs/ n. 平静；镇静；沉着 1. He handled the emergency calmly and saved many people.（他平静地处理了紧急情况，救了很多人。）2. The calmness of the lake at dawn is very beautiful.（黎明时分湖面的平静非常美丽。） 19 view /vjuː/ n. 看法；视线；景色；vt. 把…视为；观看；from one’s point of view 从某人的角度 From my point of view, reading is the best way to relax.（在我看来，阅读是最好的放松方式。） 1. viewer /ˈvjuːə(r)/ n. 观众；观看者；观察者2. viewpoint /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ n. 观点，看法；视角 1. This TV show has millions of viewers around the country.（这个电视节目在全国有几百万观众。）2. We should respect other people’s different viewpoints.（我们应该尊重别人不同的观点。） 20 concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担心，忧虑；关心；vt. 涉及；让（某人）担忧 The teacher’s concern for her students made them feel warm.（老师对学生的关心让他们感到温暖。） 1. concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 担心的；关切的；有关的2. concerning /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/ prep. 关于；adj. 令人担忧的 1. All parents are concerned about their children’s education.（所有父母都关心孩子的教育。）2. There is a concerning problem that we need to solve quickly.（有一个令人担忧的问题，我们需要尽快解决。） 21 normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的，一般的；n. 常态，通常标准 It’s normal to feel nervous before a big exam.（大考前感到紧张是正常的。） 1. normally /ˈnɔːməli/ adv. 正常地；通常；平常2. normality /nɔːˈmæləti/ n. 常态；正常；常规 1. I normally go to the library after school to do my homework.（我通常放学后去图书馆做作业。）2. Life returned to normality after the疫情 ended.（疫情结束后，生活恢复了常态。） 22 stress /stres/ n. 精神压力，紧张；强调；vt. 强调，着重 Too much work stress made her feel tired every day.（过多的工作压力让她每天都感到疲惫。） 1. stressful /ˈstresfl/ adj. 有压力的；紧张的2. stressed /strest/ adj. 感到有压力的；紧张的 1. Being a doctor is a stressful job because they have to save lives.（当医生是份有压力的工作，因为他们要拯救生命。）2. I feel stressed when I have too many tasks to finish.（当有太多任务要完成时，我感到有压力。） 23 editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/ n. 主编，编辑；剪辑师 The editor asked the writer to change some parts of the article.（编辑让作者修改文章的某些部分。） 1. edit /ˈedɪt/ v. 编辑；校订；剪辑2. editorial /ˌedɪˈtɔːriəl/ adj. 编辑的；社论的；n. 社论 1. She spent three hours editing the video for the school festival.（她花了三个小时为校园艺术节剪辑视频。）2. The newspaper published an editorial about environmental protection.（这家报纸发表了一篇关于环境保护的社论。） 24 argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ vi. 争吵，争辩，争论；vt. 说理，论证 They argued about which restaurant to go to for dinner.（他们为去哪家餐厅吃晚饭而争论。） 1. argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ n. 争吵，争论；论点；论据2. argumentative /ˌɑːɡjuˈmentətɪv/ adj. 好争辩的；爱辩论的 1. Their argument lasted for an hour and no one won.（他们的争论持续了一个小时，没人说服谁。）2. The argumentative student always questions the teacher’s words.（这个爱争辩的学生总是质疑老师的话。） 25 skin /skɪn/ n. 皮肤；（兽）皮，毛皮 The baby’s skin is very soft and smooth.（宝宝的皮肤非常柔软光滑。） 1. skinny /ˈskɪni/ adj. 极瘦的；皮包骨的；紧身的2. skinned /skɪnd/ adj. 有…皮肤的；被剥皮的；v. 剥皮（skin 的过去分词/过去式） 1. She likes to wear skinny jeans because they make her look slim.（她喜欢穿紧身牛仔裤，因为显得她身材苗条。）2. My friend is dark-skinned and looks very healthy.（我的朋友是深色皮肤，看起来很健康。） 26 design /dɪˈzaɪn/ vt. 设计；制订；n. 设计；设计艺术 She wants to design a dress for her sister’s wedding.（她想为姐姐的婚礼设计一条裙子。） 1. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计师；设计者；adj. 由设计师设计的2. designing /dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ/ adj. 工于心计的；有野心的；n. 设计；v. 设计（design 的现在分词） 1. This dress was made by a famous fashion designer.（这条裙子是由一位著名时装设计师设计的。）2. The designing of the new school building will be finished next month.（新校舍的设计工作将于下个月完成。） 27 expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家，行家；adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的 He is an expert in computer science and can solve difficult problems.（他是计算机科学专家，能解决难题。） 1. expertise /ˌekspɜːˈtiːz/ n. 专业知识；专长；专门技能2. expertly /ˈekspɜːtli/ adv. 熟练地；专业地；内行地 1. His expertise in teaching helps many students improve their English.（他的教学专长帮助很多学生提高了英语水平。）2. She operated the machine expertly after years of practice.（经过多年练习，她能熟练操作这台机器。） 28 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的 It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.（今天下午可能会下雨，带把伞吧。） 1. unlikely /ʌnˈlaɪkli/ adj. 不可能的；未必的2. likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ n. 可能性；可能 1. It is unlikely that he will arrive on time because he missed the train.（他错过了火车，不太可能按时到达。）2. There is a high likelihood of snow in the north this winter.（今年冬天北方下雪的可能性很大。） 29 unique /juˈniːk/ adj. 独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的 This old building has a unique style that you can’t see elsewhere.（这座老建筑有独特的风格，在别处看不到。） 1. uniquely /juˈniːkli/ adv. 独特地；唯一地；特有地2. uniqueness /juˈniːknəs/ n. 独特性；唯一性；特殊性 1. This artist uses colors uniquely to express his feelings.（这位艺术家独特地运用色彩表达自己的情感。）2. The uniqueness of this culture attracts many tourists every year.（这种文化的独特性每年吸引很多游客。） 30 passive /ˈpæsɪv/ adj. 消极的，被动的 Don’t be passive in class—raise your hand and ask questions.（课堂上别消极被动，要举手提问。） 1. passively /ˈpæsɪvli/ adv. 被动地；消极地；顺从地2. passiveness /ˈpæsɪvnəs/ n. 被动；消极；顺从 1. He passively accepted the plan without giving any suggestions.（他被动地接受了计划，没有提出任何建议。）2. Her passiveness made it hard for her to make friends.（她的消极被动让她很难交到朋友。） 31 performance /pəˈfɔːməns/ n. 表现；表演；执行，履行 His performance in the math exam was much better than last time.（他这次数学考试的表现比上次好很多。） 1. perform /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 表演；执行；履行；表现2. performer /pəˈfɔːmə(r)/ n. 表演者；执行者；演员 1. The band will perform their new songs at the concert tonight.（这支乐队今晚将在音乐会上表演新歌。）2. She is a talented performer who can sing and dance well.（她是个有才华的表演者，唱歌跳舞都很好。） 32 press /pres/ vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推；n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press) 新闻工作者，新闻界 The teacher pressed the students to finish their homework on time.（老师催促学生们按时完成作业。） 1. pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n. 压力；压迫；v. 对…施加压力；逼迫2. pressing /ˈpresɪŋ/ adj. 紧迫的；迫切的；n. 压；冲压件；v. 按（press 的现在分词） 1. Many students feel pressure to get good grades.（很多学生为取得好成绩感到有压力。）2. We need to solve this pressing problem before it gets worse.（我们需要在问题恶化前解决这个紧迫的问题。） 33 eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的 The children are eager to open their Christmas presents.（孩子们热切地想打开圣诞礼物。） 1. eagerly /ˈiːɡəli/ adv. 急切地；渴望地；热切地2. eagerness /ˈiːɡənəs/ n. 渴望；热切；急切 1. They waited eagerly for the famous writer to arrive.（他们急切地等待那位著名作家到来。）2. Her eagerness to learn new things made her a good student.（她对学习新事物的渴望让她成为一名好学生。） 34 youth /juːθ/ n. 青年时期；青春；(the youth) 年轻人 He spent his youth studying abroad and learned a lot.（他的青年时期在国外学习，学到了很多东西。） 1. youthful /ˈjuːθfl/ adj. 年轻的；有朝气的；青春的2. youthfully /ˈjuːθfəli/ adv. 年轻地；朝气蓬勃地 1. She has a youthful energy that makes everyone around her happy.（她有青春活力，让身边的每个人都很开心。）2. He dresses youthfully and looks much younger than his age.（他穿着年轻，看起来比实际年龄小很多。） 35 adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 They had an exciting adventure in the deep forest last summer.（去年夏天他们在深山里有一次刺激的冒险经历。） 1. adventurous /ədˈventʃərəs/ adj. 爱冒险的；大胆的；充满危险的2. adventurously /ədˈventʃərəsli/ adv. 冒险地；大胆地 1. My brother is an adventurous person who likes to climb mountains.（我哥哥是个爱冒险的人，喜欢爬山。）2. She traveled adventurously around the world alone.（她独自大胆地环游了世界。） 36 flexible /ˈfleksəbl/ adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 Our company has a flexible working time system for employees.（我们公司为员工提供灵活的工作时间制度。） 1. flexibly /ˈfleksəbli/ adv. 灵活地；柔韧地；可变通地2. flexibility /ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/ n. 灵活性；柔韧性；变通性 1. We can arrange the meeting time flexibly according to your schedule.（我们可以根据你的日程灵活安排会议时间。）2. The flexibility of this plan allows us to make changes when needed.（这个计划的灵活性让我们能在需要时做出调整。） 37 account /əˈkaʊnt/ n. 账户；描述；解释；vt. 认为是，视为 He opened a bank account to save money for his future.（他开了一个银行账户，为未来存钱。） 1. accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ n. 会计；会计师2. accountable /əˈkaʊntəbl/ adj. 有责任的；应负责任的；可解释的 1. Our company hired an accountant to manage the financial work.（我们公司雇了一名会计来管理财务工作。）2. Everyone should be accountable for their own mistakes.（每个人都应该为自己的错误负责。） 38 rent /rent/ n. 租金；vi. & vt. 租用；出租 We pay 2000 yuan in rent for this apartment every month.（我们这套公寓每月租金2000元。） rental /ˈrentl/ adj. 租赁的；出租的；n. 租金；租赁业务 1. We rented a rental car to travel around the city.（我们租了一辆租赁汽车在城市里游玩。）2. The monthly rental of this house is 3500 yuan.（这栋房子的月租金是3500元。） 39 grocery /ˈɡrəʊsəri/ n. 食品杂货；食品杂货店 My mom often goes to the grocery store around the corner to buy vegetables.（妈妈经常去街角的杂货店买蔬菜。） grocer /ˈɡrəʊsə(r)/ n. 食品杂货商；杂货店老板 The grocer knows all his customers and always greets them warmly.（这位杂货商认识所有顾客，总是热情地和他们打招呼。） 40 secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/ adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的 She feels secure when her parents are at home.（父母在家时，她感到很安心。） 1. security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全；保障；安全感2. securely /sɪˈkjʊəli/ adv. 安全地；牢固地；安心地 1. The school has strict security measures to protect students.（学校有严格的安全措施保护学生。）2. Please lock the door securely before you leave the house.（离开家前，请把门锁牢。） 41 graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ vi. & vt. 毕业；/ˈɡrædʒuət/ n. 毕业生 She will graduate from high school next year and go to university.（她明年高中毕业，要去上大学了。） 1. graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ n. 毕业；毕业典礼2. graduate /ˈɡrædʒuət/ adj. 研究生的 1. We will have a big party to celebrate our graduation.（我们会举办一个盛大的派对庆祝毕业。）2. He is a graduate student studying physics at Peking University.（他是北京大学攻读物理学的研究生。） 42 gather /ˈɡæðə(r)/ vi. 聚集，集合；vt. 收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 People gathered in the square to watch the New Year’s fireworks.（人们聚集在广场上观看新年烟花。） 1. gathering /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/ n. 聚会；集会；聚集；v. 聚集（gather 的现在分词）2. gathered /ˈɡæðəd/ adj. 聚集的；集合的；v. 收集（gather 的过去分词/过去式） 1. We had a family gathering at my grandma’s house last weekend.（上周末我们在奶奶家举行了家庭聚会。）2. The gathered crowd watched the performance quietly.（聚集的人群安静地观看表演。） 43 emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 突发事件，紧急情况 We should call 120 in a medical emergency.（遇到医疗紧急情况，我们应该拨打120。） 1. emergent /iˈmɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；突发的；新兴的2. emergently /iˈmɜːdʒəntli/ adv. 紧急地；突然地 1. The hospital has a special ward for emergent cases.（这家医院有专门的急诊病房。）2. The patient was sent to the hospital emergently after the accident.（事故发生后，病人被紧急送往医院。） 44 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ vt. & vi. 主动建议（或告诉）；自愿做，义务做；n. 志愿者 Many students volunteer to help clean the park on weekends.（很多学生周末自愿帮忙打扫公园。） 1. voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；志愿的；主动的2. voluntarily /ˌvɒləntrəli/ adv. 自愿地；志愿地；主动地 1. She does voluntary work in a children’s home every month.（她每月在儿童之家做志愿工作。）2. He voluntarily helped the old man carry his heavy bags.（他主动帮老人提沉重的袋子。） 45 figure /ˈfɪɡə(r)/ n. 数字；人物；体形，身材 The figure on the blackboard shows the growth of our class’s grades.（黑板上的数字显示了我们班成绩的增长情况。） 1. figured /ˈfɪɡəd/ adj. 有图案的；计算出的；v. 计算（figure 的过去分词/过去式）2. figurative /ˈfɪɡərətɪv/ adj. 比喻的；象征性的 1. She bought a figured tablecloth for her new dining table.（她为新餐桌买了一块带图案的桌布。）2. The poet used figurative language to describe the beauty of spring.（诗人用比喻性语言描述春天的美丽。） 46 operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 手术；运转，操作 The doctor said the operation on her leg would take two hours.（医生说她腿部的手术需要两个小时。） 1. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；动手术；运转；经营2. operator /ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)/ n. 操作员；话务员；经营者 1. He learned how to operate the new machine after a week of training.（经过一周培训，他学会了操作这台新机器。）2. The telephone operator helped me connect to the wrong number.（话务员帮我接错了电话。） 47 teller /ˈtelə(r)/ n. 出纳员；叙述者 The bank teller helped me withdraw money from my account.（银行出纳员帮我从账户里取了钱。） tell /tel/ v. 告诉；讲述；分辨；吩咐 My grandma often tells me stories about her childhood.（奶奶经常给我讲她童年的故事。） 48 scene /siːn/ n. （戏剧等）场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 The opening scene of the movie takes place in a small village.（电影的开场场景发生在一个小村庄。） 1. scenic /ˈsiːnɪk/ adj. 风景优美的；舞台的；场景的2. scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景；景色；舞台布景 1. We took a bus along the scenic road to the mountain top.（我们乘公交车沿着风景优美的公路去山顶。）2. The natural scenery in Guilin is famous all over the world.（桂林的自然风光闻名世界。） 49 flat /flæt/ n. 公寓；adj. 平坦的；瘪了的 We live in a small flat near the subway station.（我们住在地铁站附近的一套小公寓里。） 1. flatly /ˈflætli/ adv. 断然地；平坦地；平直地2. flatness /ˈflætnəs/ n. 平坦；单调；瘪 1. He flatly refused to help me with my homework.（他断然拒绝帮我做作业。）2. The flatness of the desert makes it hard to find directions.（沙漠的平坦让人们很难辨别方向。） 50 response /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 回复；反应，响应 I’m still waiting for his response to my email.（我还在等他对我邮件的回复。） 1. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 回应；作出反应；回答2. responsive /rɪˈspɒnsɪv/ adj. 反应迅速的；易受影响的；应答的 1. You should respond to the teacher’s questions in class.（课堂上你应该回应老师的问题。）2. The company has a responsive customer service team.（这家公司有反应迅速的客户服务团队。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $