2026年中考英语一轮复习 同义词近义词辨析

初中英语高频同义词近义词辨析 1. a few / some / several 0. 解析:三者均表示 “一些”。“a few” 修饰可数名词复数,强调数量少但存在;“some” 可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,用于肯定句及希望得到肯定回答的疑问句;“several” 修饰可数名词复数,语气比 “a few” 稍强,指 “若干个”。 0. 例句:I have a few friends in this city.(我在这个城市有几个朋友。);There are some apples on the table.(桌子上有一些苹果。);She has read several novels this month.(她这个月读了好几本小说。) 0. 例题:(2024 年武汉中考真题)There are _ students playing basketball on the playground. 0. A. a few B. a little C. little D. few 0. 答案:A 2. a little / a bit (of) 0. 解析:均表示 “一点儿”。“a little” 直接修饰不可数名词,也可修饰形容词 / 副词;“a bit” 修饰名词时需加 “of”,修饰形容词 / 副词时直接使用。 0. 例句:Add a little salt to the soup.(往汤里加一点盐。);I'm a bit tired after the long walk.(走了很长一段路后,我有点累。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)There is still _ milk in the fridge. You can have some. 0. A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. few 0. 答案:B 3. about / around 0. 解析:均有 “大约” 之意,常可互换。“about” 还表 “关于”;“around” 还表 “在…… 周围;四处”。 0. 例句:The meeting will start at about /around 3 o'clock.(会议大约在 3 点开始。);This book is about space exploration.(这本书是关于太空探索的。);We walked around the lake after dinner.(晚饭后我们绕着湖散步。) 0. 例题:(2024 年南京中考真题)The temperature will be _ 25 tomorrow. 0. A. about B. on C. in D. for 0. 答案:A 4. above / over 0. 解析:均表 “在…… 上方”。“above” 指在某物上方,不一定是正上方;“over” 指在正上方,还可表 “覆盖、跨越”。 0. 例句:A bird is flying above the roof.(一只鸟在屋顶上方飞。);There is a lamp over the table.(桌子正上方有一盏灯。) 0. 例题:(2025 年上海中考真题)There is a bridge _ the river in my hometown. 0. A. above B. under C. over D. below 0. 答案:C 5. accept / receive 0. 解析:“receive” 表客观上 “收到”,强调动作;“accept” 表主观上 “接受”,强调认可。 0. 例句:She received a gift from her uncle but didn't accept it.(她收到了叔叔的礼物,但没有接受。) 0. 例题:(2024 年杭州中考真题)Tom _ a letter from his pen pal yesterday, but he didn't want to _ it. 0. A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive 0. 答案:C 6. across / through / over 0. 解析:“across” 指从物体表面 “横穿”;“through” 指从物体内部 “穿过”;“over” 指从上方 “越过”。 0. 例句:Walk across the road carefully.(小心过马路。);We went through the tunnel.(我们穿过了隧道。);The cat jumped over the wall.(猫跳过了墙。) 0. 例题:(2025 年北京中考真题)They swam _ the river to save the little boy. 0. A. across B. through C. over D. past 0. 答案:A 7. act / behave 0. 解析:“act” 侧重具体动作或 “表演”;“behave” 侧重行为举止是否符合规范。 0. 例句:He acted as a king in the play.(他在剧中扮演国王。);You should behave politely in public.(在公共场合你应该举止礼貌。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 11)The children _ well at the party yesterday. 0. A. acted B. behaved C. made D. took 0. 答案:B 8. advice / suggestion 0. 解析:均表 “建议”。“advice” 为不可数名词;“suggestion” 为可数名词。 0. 例句:Can you give me some advice on studying?(你能给我一些学习建议吗?);She made a useful suggestion at the meeting.(她在会上提出了一个有用的建议。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)—I need some _ on how to improve my writing. 0. —You can keep a diary every day. 0. A. advice B. suggestion C. idea D. thought 0. 答案:A 9. afraid / frightened / scared 0. 解析:均表 “害怕的”。“afraid” 使用广泛,作表语,常用于 be afraid of /to do sth.;“frightened”“scared” 强调受惊吓,可作表语或定语。 0. 例句:She is afraid of snakes.(她害怕蛇。);The frightened cat hid under the bed.(受惊的猫躲在床底下。) 0. 例题:(2025 年天津中考真题)The little girl is _ to go out alone at night. 0. A. afraid B. interested C. excited D. bored 0. 答案:A 10. almost / nearly 0. 解析:均表 “几乎、差不多”,常可互换。“almost” 可与 no, none 等否定词连用;“nearly” 更常用于 “接近某一时刻”。 0. 例句:Almost / Nearly all students passed the exam.(几乎所有学生都通过了考试。);It's nearly 10 o'clock.(快 10 点了。) 0. 例题:(2024 年西安中考真题)_ nobody knew the answer to the question. 0. A. Almost B. Nearly C. Mostly D. Hardly 0. 答案:A 11. also / too / either 0. 解析:均表 “也”。“also” 用于肯定句,位于句中;“too” 用于肯定句 / 疑问句,位于句末,前加逗号;“either” 用于否定句,位于句末,前加逗号。 0. 例句:He also likes playing football.(他也喜欢踢足球。);I like music, too.(我也喜欢音乐。);She doesn't like coffee, either.(她也不喜欢咖啡。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)Lily can play the piano, and her sister _ can. 0. A. also B. too C. either D. as well 0. 答案:A 12. answer / reply 0. 解析:均表 “回答”。“answer” 为及物动词,直接接宾语;“reply” 作不及物动词时与 to 连用,作及物动词时接从句。 0. 例句:He answered my question quickly.(他迅速回答了我的问题。);She replied to my email this morning.(她今天早上回复了我的邮件。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级上册 Module 5)Please _ to my letter as soon as possible. 0. A. answer B. reply C. tell D. speak 0. 答案:B 13. arrive / reach / get to 0. 解析:均表 “到达”。“arrive in” 接大地点,“arrive at” 接小地点;“reach” 直接接宾语;“get to” 接宾语,接地点副词时省略 to。 0. 例句:They arrived in London yesterday.(他们昨天到达伦敦。);We reached the station on time.(我们准时到达车站。);When did you get home?(你什么时候到家的?) 0. 例题:(2024 年武汉中考真题)We _ the small village before dark. 0. A. arrived B. reached C. got D. arrived in 0. 答案:B 14. as / since / because / for 0. 解析:均表 “因为”。“as”“since” 语气弱,常置于句首;“because” 语气强,表直接原因,可回答 why;“for” 表补充说明,不置于句首。 0. 例句:As it was raining, we stayed at home.(因为下雨,我们待在了家里。);Since you're free, help me with this.(既然你有空,帮我一下。);He didn't go because he was ill.(他没去是因为生病了。);He must be busy, for he didn't come.(他一定很忙,因为他没来。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)—Why are you late? 0. —_ I missed the early bus. 0. A. As B. Since C. Because D. For 0. 答案:C 15. before / ago 0. 解析:“before” 表 “在…… 之前”,可指过去或将来某时间前,常与完成时连用;“ago” 表 “…… 以前”,指从现在起往前推的时间,与一般过去时连用。 0. 例句:I have never seen him before.(我以前从没见过他。);He left here two hours ago.(他两小时前离开这里的。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)My family moved to this town five years _. 0. A. before B. ago C. after D. later 0. 答案:B 16. borrow / lend / keep 0. 解析:“borrow” 意为 “借入”,常用结构为 borrow sth. from sb.;“lend” 意为 “借出”,常用结构为 lend sth. to sb. 或 lend sb. sth.;“keep” 意为 “保存、借(多久)”,可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 0. 例句:I borrowed a book from the library.(我从图书馆借了一本书。);She lent her umbrella to me.(她把伞借给了我。);You can keep this dictionary for a week.(这本字典你可以借一个星期。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)—How long can I _ this magazine? 0. —For three days. 0. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. return 0. 答案:C 17. bring / take / carry / fetch 0. 解析:“bring” 指从别处把东西带到说话者所在处;“take” 指把东西从说话者所在处带到别处;“carry” 强调 “搬运、携带”,不涉及方向;“fetch” 指 “去取来”,包含往返动作。 0. 例句:Please bring your homework here tomorrow.(明天请把你的作业带到这里来。);Take these books to the classroom.(把这些书带到教室去。);He carries a heavy bag every day.(他每天都背着一个沉重的包。);Go and fetch some water.(去取些水来。) 0. 例题:(2024 年北京中考真题)Don't forget to _ your photos to the party. We want to see them. 0. A. bring B. take C. carry D. fetch 0. 答案:A 18. care for / look after / take care of 0. 解析:三者均有 “照顾、照料” 之意。“care for” 还可表示 “喜欢”;“look after” 和 “take care of” 意思相近,可互换。 0. 例句:She cares for her sick mother.(她照顾生病的母亲。);I don't care for spicy food.(我不喜欢辛辣的食物。);They look after /take care of the old man.(他们照顾这位老人。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 8)We should learn to _ ourselves when our parents are not at home. 0. A. care for B. look at C. laugh at D. look up 0. 答案:A 19. clever / smart / wise 0. 解析:“clever” 指头脑灵活、反应快;“smart” 除表聪明外,还可指衣着整洁时髦;“wise” 指有智慧、有远见,多用于形容长者。 0. 例句:He is a clever boy who can solve difficult problems.(他是个能解决难题的聪明男孩。);She looks smart in that suit.(她穿那套西装看起来很时髦。);The wise old man gave us valuable advice.(那位睿智的老人给了我们宝贵的建议。) 0. 例题:(2025 年南京中考真题)The _ child thought of a good way to help the homeless cat. 0. A. clever B. smart C. wise D. foolish 0. 答案:A 20. cost / spend / take / pay 0. 解析:“cost” 主语通常是物,常用结构为 sth. costs (sb.) some money;“spend” 主语是人,常用结构为 sb. spends time /money on sth. 或 sb. spends time /money (in) doing sth.;“take” 常用 it 作形式主语,结构为 It takes sb. time to do sth.;“pay” 主语是人,常用结构为 sb. pays money for sth.。 0. 例句:The new bike cost me 500 yuan.(这辆新自行车花了我 500 元。);She spends an hour on English every day.(她每天花一个小时学英语。);It takes him 30 minutes to walk to school.(他步行去学校要花 30 分钟。);He paid 200 yuan for the shirt.(他花 200 元买了这件衬衫。) 0. 例题:(2024 年上海中考真题)My mother _ two hours cooking dinner for us yesterday. 0. A. cost B. spent C. took D. paid 0. 答案:B 21. die / dead / death 0. 解析:“die” 是动词,表 “死亡”,为瞬间动作;“dead” 是形容词,表 “死的”,可作表语或定语;“death” 是名词,表 “死亡”。 0. 例句:His grandfather died last year.(他的祖父去年去世了。);The tree has been dead for a long time.(这棵树死了很久了。);The death of his pet made him sad.(他宠物的死亡让他很伤心。) 0. 例题:(2024 年杭州中考真题)The old man _ peacefully in his sleep. 0. A. die B. dead C. death D. died 0. 答案:D 22. dress / put on / wear / have on 0. 解析:“dress” 表 “给…… 穿衣”,宾语是人,常用 dress sb. /oneself;“put on” 表 “穿上”,强调动作;“wear” 表 “穿着”,强调状态;“have on” 表 “穿着”,强调状态,无进行时。 0. 例句:She dresses her baby every morning.(她每天早上给宝宝穿衣服。);He put on his coat and went out.(他穿上外套出去了。);She wears a red scarf today.(她今天围着一条红围巾。);He has on a new pair of shoes.(他穿着一双新鞋。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)It's cold outside. Please _ your coat. 0. A. dress B. put on C. wear D. have on 0. 答案:B 23. each / every 0. 解析:“each” 指两个或以上中的 “每个”,可作代词、形容词,可接 of;“every” 指三个或以上中的 “每个”,只作形容词,强调整体,不接 of。 0. 例句:Each of the students has a dictionary.(每个学生都有一本字典。);Every child should go to school.(每个孩子都应该上学。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级上册 Module 3)_ one of us has a new book. 0. A. Each B. Every C. All D. Both 0. 答案:A 24. either / neither / both 0. 解析:“either” 表 “两者中任一”,接单数名词,谓语用单数;“neither” 表 “两者都不”,接单数名词,谓语用单数;“both” 表 “两者都”,接复数名词,谓语用复数。 0. 例句:Either option is acceptable.(两个选项都可以接受。);Neither of the answers is correct.(两个答案都不正确。);Both girls are good at singing.(两个女孩都擅长唱歌。) 0. 例题:(2024 年西安中考真题)—Do you like tea or coffee? 0. —_. I prefer water. 0. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All 0. 答案:B 25. else / other 0. 解析:“else” 修饰不定代词、疑问代词 / 副词,放在其后;“other” 修饰名词,放在其前,后接复数名词。 0. 例句:Is there anything else you want to buy?(你还有别的什么想买的吗?);Other students are playing in the playground.(其他学生在操场上玩。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)Who _ is going to the park with us? 0. A. else B. other C. others D. another 0. 答案:A 26. every day / everyday 0. 解析:“every day” 是名词短语,意为 “每天”,在句中作状语;“everyday” 是形容词,意为 “日常的、普通的”,在句中作定语修饰名词。 0. 例句:We do morning exercises every day.(我们每天做早操。);These are our everyday activities.(这些是我们的日常活动。) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级上册 Unit 2)Reading English newspapers is a good way to improve our _ English. 0. A. every day B. everyday C. each day D. eachday 0. 答案:B 27. few / a few / little / a little 0. 解析:“few” 和 “a few” 修饰可数名词复数,“few” 表示 “几乎没有”,含否定意义;“a few” 表示 “有一些”,含肯定意义。“little” 和 “a little” 修饰不可数名词,“little” 表示 “几乎没有”,含否定意义;“a little” 表示 “有一点”,含肯定意义。 0. 例句:Few people know this secret.(几乎没人知道这个秘密。);A few students are still in the classroom.(还有几个学生在教室里。);There is little milk in the bottle.(瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。);I have a little time to help you.(我有一点时间帮你。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)There are _ apples in the basket. Let's go to buy some. 0. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 0. 答案:A 28. find / find out / look for 0. 解析:“find” 意为 “找到、发现”,强调寻找的结果;“find out” 意为 “查明、弄清楚”,指通过调查、研究等方式了解到某事;“look for” 意为 “寻找”,强调寻找的动作。 0. 例句:I found my lost key under the sofa.(我在沙发底下找到了我丢失的钥匙。);Please find out when the train leaves.(请查明火车什么时候开。);She is looking for her missing cat.(她正在找她丢失的猫。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)The police are trying to _ who stole the money. 0. A. find B. find out C. look for D. see 0. 答案:B 29. hear / listen to 0. 解析:“hear” 意为 “听见”,强调听的结果;“listen to” 意为 “听”,强调听的动作。 0. 例句:I heard a strange noise last night.(昨晚我听到一个奇怪的声音。);Listen to the teacher carefully in class.(课堂上认真听老师讲课。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级下册 Module 4)Can you _ me? Please _ to me carefully. 0. A. hear; listen B. listen; hear C. hear; hear D. listen; listen 0. 答案:A 30. hope / wish 0. 解析:“hope” 意为 “希望”,后面可接不定式或宾语从句,不能接 “宾语 + 不定式” 结构;“wish” 意为 “希望、祝愿”,后面可接不定式、“宾语 + 不定式” 或宾语从句(常用虚拟语气)。 0. 例句:I hope to visit Beijing next year.(我希望明年去北京参观。);I wish you to be happy.(我希望你快乐。);I wish I could fly.(我希望我会飞。) 0. 例题:(2024 年南京中考真题)We _ that our team will win the game. 0. A. hope B. wish C. expect D. want 0. 答案:A 31. in front of / in the front of 0. 解析:“in front of” 意为 “在…… 前面”,指在某物外部的前面;“in the front of” 意为 “在…… 前部”,指在某物内部的前面。 0. 例句:There is a tree in front of the house.(房子前面有一棵树。);The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom.(讲台在教室的前部。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 3)There is a blackboard _ the classroom. 0. A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. next to 0. 答案:B 32. join / take part in 0. 解析:“join” 意为 “加入”,指加入某个组织、团体或某人,成为其中一员;“take part in” 意为 “参加”,指参加某项活动。 0. 例句:He joined the army last year.(他去年参军了。);We will take part in the sports meeting.(我们将参加运动会。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)Would you like to _ our English club? 0. A. join B. take part in C. join in D. attend 0. 答案:A 33. look / see / watch 0. 解析:“look” 意为 “看”,强调看的动作,常与 at 连用;“see” 意为 “看见”,强调看的结果;“watch” 意为 “观看、注视”,指专注地看移动或变化的事物。 0. 例句:Look at the blackboard, please.(请看黑板。);I see a bird in the tree.(我看见树上有一只鸟。);We watch TV every evening.(我们每天晚上看电视。) 0. 例题:(2024 年上海中考真题)My parents often _ me play football on weekends. 0. A. look B. see C. watch D. read 0. 答案:C 34. many / much 0. 解析:“many” 意为 “许多”,修饰可数名词复数;“much” 意为 “许多”,修饰不可数名词。 0. 例句:There are many books in the library.(图书馆里有许多书。);There is much water in the bottle.(瓶子里有许多水。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级上册 Module 2)How _ money do you have? 0. A. many B. much C. few D. little 0. 答案:B 35. maybe / may be 0. 解析:“maybe” 是副词,意为 “也许、可能”,常位于句首;“may be” 是 “情态动词 may+be 动词” 结构,意为 “可能是”,在句中作谓语。 0. 例句:Maybe he is at home.(也许他在家。);He may be a teacher.(他可能是一名老师。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)_ she will come to the party tonight. 0. A. Maybe B. May be C. May D. Must 0. 答案:A 36. nearly / almost 0. 解析:两者都有 “几乎、差不多” 的意思,多数情况下可互换。“almost” 可与 no、none、nothing 等否定词连用,“nearly” 一般不这样用;“nearly” 前可用 very、pretty、not 等词修饰,“almost” 则不能。 0. 例句:Nearly / Almost all the students passed the exam.(几乎所有学生都通过了考试。);Almost no one believed him.(几乎没人相信他。);It's not nearly so difficult as you think.(这远不像你想的那么难。) 0. 例题:(2024 年杭州中考真题)It was _ dark when we arrived home. 0. A. nearly B. almost C. hardly D. seldom 0. 答案:A 37. on / in / at 0. 解析:三者都可表示时间。“on” 用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上;“in” 用于年、月、季节、泛指的上午、下午、晚上;“at” 用于具体的时刻。 0. 例句:We will have a party on New Year's Day.(我们将在元旦举办派对。);She was born in 2008.(她出生于 2008 年。);He gets up at 6:00 every morning.(他每天早上 6 点起床。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 5)My birthday is _ July 5th. 0. A. on B. in C. at D. for 0. 答案:A 38. other / others / the other / another 0. 解析:“other” 意为 “其他的”,后接复数名词;“others” 意为 “其他的人或物”,是代词,泛指;“the other” 指两者中的 “另一个”,后接单数名词或单独使用;“another” 指三者或三者以上中的 “另一个”。 0. 例句:Other students are playing games.(其他学生在玩游戏。);Some are singing, others are dancing.(一些人在唱歌,另一些人在跳舞。);I have two pens, one is red, the other is blue.(我有两支钢笔,一支是红色的,另一支是蓝色的。);Please give me another apple.(请再给我一个苹果。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)I don't like this book. Can you show me _ one? 0. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 0. 答案:D 39. put on / wear / dress 0. 解析:“put on” 强调 “穿上” 的动作;“wear” 强调 “穿着” 的状态;“dress” 意为 “给…… 穿衣”,宾语通常是人。 0. 例句:He put on his coat and went out.(他穿上外套出去了。);She wears a red dress today.(她今天穿着一条红色的连衣裙。);She is dressing her baby.(她正在给她的宝宝穿衣服。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)It's cold outside. You'd better _ a thick sweater. 0. A. put on B. wear C. dress D. in 0. 答案:A 40. say / speak / talk / tell 0. 解析:“say” 强调说的内容;“speak” 强调说的动作或说某种语言;“talk” 意为 “交谈、谈论”,常与 to、with、about 连用;“tell” 意为 “告诉、讲述”,常接双宾语或用于 tell sb. to do sth. 结构。 0. 例句:He said he would come.(他说他会来。);She speaks English very well.(她英语说得很好。);They are talking about the film.(他们正在谈论那部电影。);My mother often tells me stories.(我妈妈经常给我讲故事。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)Can you _ me how to get to the station? 0. A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell 0. 答案:D 41. some / any 0. 解析:两者都表示 “一些”,“some” 常用于肯定句,也可用于希望得到肯定回答的疑问句;“any” 常用于否定句和疑问句。 0. 例句:I have some books.(我有一些书。);Would you like some coffee?(你想喝点咖啡吗?);There aren't any apples on the table.(桌子上没有苹果。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级上册 Module 4)Do you have _ brothers or sisters? 0. A. some B. any C. a D. an 0. 答案:B 42. sometimes / some times / sometime / some time 0. 解析:“sometimes” 意为 “有时”,是频率副词;“some times” 意为 “几次”;“sometime” 意为 “某个时候”,可指过去或将来;“some time” 意为 “一段时间”。 0. 例句:Sometimes I go to school by bike.(有时我骑自行车上学。);I have been there some times.(我去过那里几次。);I will visit you sometime next week.(下周某个时候我会去看你。);I need some time to finish the work.(我需要一段时间来完成这项工作。) 0. 例题:(2024 年上海中考真题)_ we go swimming in the river. 0. A. Sometimes B. Some times C. Sometime D. Some time 0. 答案:A 43. too / either / also 0. 解析:“too” 用于肯定句末,前常加逗号;“either” 用于否定句末,前常加逗号;“also” 用于肯定句中,位于 be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前。 0. 例句:He likes swimming, too.(他也喜欢游泳。);She doesn't like dancing, either.(她也不喜欢跳舞。);I also like playing basketball.(我也喜欢打篮球。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)I don't like this movie, and my brother doesn't like it _. 0. A. too B. either C. also D. as well 0. 答案:B 44. try to do / try doing 0. 解析:“try to do sth.” 意为 “努力做某事”,强调尽力去做;“try doing sth.” 意为 “尝试做某事”,强调试着做,看是否可行。 0. 例句:He tried to solve the problem.(他努力解决这个问题。);Why not try working out the problem in another way?(为什么不试着用另一种方法解决这个问题呢?) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级下册 Unit 6)Please _ (finish) the work on time.(用所给词的适当形式填空) 0. 答案:try to finish 45. wait for / wait 0. 解析:“wait” 意为 “等待”,是不及物动词;“wait for” 意为 “等待某人或某物”,后接宾语。 0. 例句:I will wait here.(我会在这里等。);We are waiting for the bus.(我们在等公交车。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级下册 Module 7)They are _ their teacher at the school gate. 0. A. waiting B. waiting for C. wait D. wait for 0. 答案:B 46. wake up / get up 0. 解析:“wake up” 意为 “醒来”,强调从睡眠状态恢复意识的动作,可接宾语(wake sb. up);“get up” 意为 “起床”,强调从床上起身的动作。 0. 例句:I wake up at 6:30 every morning.(我每天早上 6:30 醒来。);She gets up and makes breakfast.(她起床做早餐。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 10)My mother _ me _ at 7 o'clock yesterday. 0. A. woke; up B. got; up C. woke; out D. got; out 0. 答案:A 47. with / in / by 0. 解析:“with” 表示 “用(工具、身体部位)”“和…… 一起”;“in” 表示 “用(语言、材料)”“在…… 里面”;“by” 表示 “通过(方式、手段)”“被”。 0. 例句:He writes with a pen.(他用钢笔写字。);She speaks in English.(她用英语说话。);We go to school by bike.(我们骑自行车上学。) 0. 例题:(2024 年南京中考真题)The letter was written _ a pencil. 0. A. with B. in C. by D. on 0. 答案:A 48. whether / if 0. 解析:两者都可引导宾语从句,意为 “是否”,常可互换。但 “whether” 可与 or not 连用,可用于句首,可接动词不定式;“if” 则不能。 0. 例句:I don't know whether /if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。);I wonder whether he will come or not.(我想知道他是否会来。);Whether it will rain, we will go.(不管是否下雨,我们都会去。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级下册 Module 3)She asked me _ I could help her. 0. A. whether B. that C. what D. which 0. 答案:A 49. win / beat 0. 解析:“win” 意为 “赢得”,宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等;“beat” 意为 “打败”,宾语通常是对手、团队等。 0. 例句:Our team won the game.(我们队赢得了比赛。);We beat the strongest team.(我们打败了最强的队伍。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)They _ the first prize in the singing competition. 0. A. won B. beat C. got D. took 0. 答案:A 50. yet / already / still 0. 解析:“yet” 用于否定句和疑问句末,意为 “还、尚”;“already” 用于肯定句,意为 “已经”,可位于句中或句末;“still” 意为 “仍然、还”,位于 be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前。 0. 例句:Has he come yet?(他还没来吗?);I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成作业了。);He still lives in that house.(他仍然住在那所房子里。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)—Have you seen the movie _? 0. —Yes, I saw it last week. 0. A. yet B. already C. still D. just 0. 答案:A 51. a lot / a lot of / lots of 0. 解析:“a lot” 是副词短语,意为 “很、非常”,修饰动词;“a lot of” 和 “lots of” 意为 “许多”,既可修饰可数名词复数,也可修饰不可数名词。 0. 例句:Thanks a lot.(非常感谢。);There are a lot of /lots of books in the library.(图书馆里有许多书。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 3)He knows _ about history. 0. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. many 0. 答案:A 52. be good at / do well in 0. 解析:两者都意为 “擅长……”,“be good at” 后接名词、代词或动名词;“do well in” 后接名词、代词或动名词,可用于不同时态。 0. 例句:She is good at dancing.(她擅长跳舞。);He does well in math.(他数学学得好。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)My sister _ playing the piano. 0. A. is good at B. is good in C. does good at D. does well on 0. 答案:A 53. be made of / be made from 0. 解析:“be made of” 表示 “由…… 制成”,能看出原材料;“be made from” 表示 “由…… 制成”,看不出原材料。 0. 例句:The desk is made of wood.(这张桌子是木头做的。);Paper is made from wood.(纸是由木头制成的。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级上册 Module 8)This sweater _ wool. 0. A. is made of B. is made from C. is made in D. is made by 0. 答案:A 54. break / damage / destroy 0. 解析:“break” 意为 “打破、弄坏”,强调使某物破碎或失去原有功能,程度较轻;“damage” 意为 “损害、毁坏”,指对某物造成一定程度的损坏,但可修复;“destroy” 意为 “摧毁、破坏”,程度较重,指彻底毁坏,无法修复。 0. 例句:He broke the window.(他打破了窗户。);The storm damaged many houses.(暴风雨损坏了许多房屋。);The fire destroyed the building.(大火烧毁了那栋大楼。) 0. 例题:(2024 年上海中考真题)The heavy rain _ the crops. 0. A. broke B. damaged C. destroyed D. hurt 0. 答案:B 55. call / name 0. 解析:“call” 和 “name” 都有 “称呼、命名” 的意思,“call” 更口语化,常用 call sb. sth. 结构;“name” 强调 “命名” 这一动作,常用 name sb. sth. 结构。 0. 例句:We call him Tom.(我们叫他汤姆。);They named their son John.(他们给儿子取名叫约翰。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 2)His parents _ him David. 0. A. call B. name C. say D. speak 0. 答案:B 56. catch / seize / hold 0. 解析:“catch” 意为 “抓住”,强调抓住运动中的物体或使某物停下;“seize” 意为 “夺取、抓住”,强调突然用力抓住;“hold” 意为 “握住、拿住”,强调保持握住的状态。 0. 例句:She caught the ball with one hand.(她用一只手接住了球。);The police seized the thief.(警察抓住了小偷。);He held the book tightly.(他紧紧握住那本书。) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级上册 Unit 5)Can you _ the bird? It's flying away. 0. A. catch B. seize C. hold D. take 0. 答案:A 57. close / shut 0. 解析:两者都有 “关闭” 的意思,常可互换。“close” 使用更广泛,可用于门窗、商店等;“shut” 更强调关紧、封闭的状态,语气稍强。 0. 例句:Please close /shut the door.(请关门。);The shop closes /shuts at 9 p.m.(商店晚上 9 点关门。) 0. 例题:(2024 年西安中考真题)_ your eyes and listen to me. 0. A. Close B. Shut C. Open D. Look 0. 答案:B 58. dangerous / in danger 0. 解析:“dangerous” 是形容词,意为 “危险的”,修饰人或物;“in danger” 是介词短语,意为 “处于危险中”,描述状态。 0. 例句:It's a dangerous animal.(它是一种危险的动物。);The boy is in danger.(那个男孩处于危险中。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级下册 Module 6)The situation is _, and many people are _. 0. A. dangerous; in danger B. in danger; dangerous 0. C. dangerous; dangerous D. in danger; in danger 0. 答案:A 59. decide / determine 0. 解析:两者都有 “决定” 的意思。“decide” 指经过考虑后做出选择;“determine” 语气更强,指下定决心做某事,常与 to do sth. 连用。 0. 例句:She decided to go to college.(她决定上大学。);He determined to finish the work on time.(他决心按时完成工作。) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)They _ to take a trip to Beijing next month. 0. A. decided B. determined C. wanted D. hoped 0. 答案:A 60. different / various 0. 解析:“different” 意为 “不同的”,强调与其他事物不一样,常用 be different from 结构;“various” 意为 “各种各样的”,强调种类多。 0. 例句:My opinion is different from yours.(我的观点和你的不同。);There are various books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 7)We have _ ideas about the plan. 0. A. different B. various C. same D. similar 0. 答案:A 61. fall / drop 0. 解析:“fall” 意为 “落下、摔倒”,强调自然落下或失去平衡倒下,是不及物动词;“drop” 意为 “掉落、放下”,可指有意或无意地使某物落下,可作及物动词或不及物动词。 0. 例句:The leaves fall in autumn.(秋天树叶落下。);He dropped the cup on the ground.(他把杯子掉在了地上。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)The rain began to _ heavily. 0. A. fall B. drop C. go D. come 0. 答案:A 62. fill / full 0. 解析:“fill” 是动词,意为 “装满、充满”,常用 fill...with... 结构;“full” 是形容词,意为 “满的”,常用 be full of 结构。 0. 例句:She filled the bottle with water.(她把瓶子装满了水。);The room is full of people.(房间里挤满了人。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级上册 Unit 4)The bag is _ books. 0. A. filled with B. full with C. filled of D. fulled of 0. 答案:A 63. finally / at last / in the end 0. 解析:三者都有 “最后、终于” 的意思。“finally” 强调顺序上的最后;“at last” 强调经过努力或等待后终于发生;“in the end” 强调最终的结果。 0. 例句:Finally, he finished his homework.(最后,他完成了作业。);At last, we won the game.(我们终于赢得了比赛。);In the end, he decided to stay.(最后,他决定留下来。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)_, we arrived at the destination after a long journey. 0. A. Finally B. At last C. In the end D. First 0. 答案:B 64. free / spare 0. 解析:“free” 意为 “空闲的、自由的”;“spare” 意为 “空闲的、多余的”,强调未被占用的时间或物品。 0. 例句:Are you free tomorrow?(你明天有空吗?);I have some spare time this afternoon.(我今天下午有一些空闲时间。) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级下册 Unit 3)Do you have any _ money? 0. A. free B. spare C. busy D. full 0. 答案:B 65. happen / take place 0. 解析:两者都有 “发生” 的意思。“happen” 指偶然发生,主语是物;“take place” 指有计划、有安排地发生。 0. 例句:An accident happened yesterday.(昨天发生了一场事故。);The meeting will take place next week.(会议将于下周举行。) 0. 例题:(2024 年上海中考真题)Great changes have _ in our city in the past ten years. 0. A. happened B. taken place C. been happened D. been taken place 0. 答案:B 66. hard / hardly 0. 解析:“hard” 作形容词时意为 “困难的、坚硬的”;作副词时意为 “努力地、猛烈地”。“hardly” 是副词,意为 “几乎不”,表否定。 0. 例句:This is a hard problem.(这是一道难题。);He works hard.(他努力工作。);It's raining hard.(雨下得很大。);I hardly know him.(我几乎不认识他。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)He was so tired that he could _ walk. 0. A. hard B. hardly C. almost D. nearly 0. 答案:B 67. hear from / receive a letter from 0. 解析:两者都意为 “收到…… 的来信”,“hear from” 后接人;“receive a letter from” 后接人,更强调收到信件这一动作。 0. 例句:I heard from my friend yesterday.(我昨天收到了朋友的来信。);She received a letter from her parents.(她收到了父母的来信。) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级上册 Unit 7)I _ my brother last week. 0. A. heard from B. heard of C. listened to D. received to 0. 答案:A 68. high / tall 0. 解析:“high” 指物体离开地面的高度,可用于山、建筑物等;“tall” 指人、树等有生命的物体的高度,强调细长的高度。 0. 例句:The mountain is very high.(那座山很高。);He is a tall man.(他是个高个子男人。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级下册 Module 8)There is a _ tree in front of the house. 0. A. high B. tall C. long D. short 0. 答案:B 69. hope / expect 0. 解析:“hope” 意为 “希望”,指对未来的美好愿望,后接不定式或从句;“expect” 意为 “期望、预料”,指有根据地期待某事发生,后接不定式、宾语从句或 “宾语 + 不定式”。 0. 例句:I hope to visit Paris.(我希望去巴黎旅游。);We expect him to come.(我们期望他来。) 0. 例题:(2024 年南京中考真题)We _ that you will get good grades in the exam. 0. A. hope B. expect C. wish D. want 0. 答案:A 70. how long / how often / how soon 0. 解析:“how long” 意为 “多久、多长”,用于询问时间长度或物体长度;“how often” 意为 “多久一次”,用于询问频率;“how soon” 意为 “多久以后”,用于询问将来的时间,常用 “in + 一段时间” 回答。 0. 例句:How long have you lived here?(你在这里住了多久了?);How often do you exercise?(你多久锻炼一次?);How soon will you come back?(你多久以后回来?) 0. 例题:(2025 年武汉中考真题)—_ will the meeting last? 0. —About two hours. 0. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far 0. 答案:A 71. in /on/to(表示方位) 0. 解析:“in” 表示在某一范围之内;“on” 表示两地相邻或接壤;“to” 表示在某一范围之外,不相邻。 0. 例句:Shanghai is in the east of China.(上海在中国的东部。);Jiangsu is on the north of Zhejiang.(江苏在浙江的北边。);Japan is to the east of China.(日本在中国的东边。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 6)Guangzhou is _ the south of China. 0. A. in B. on C. to D. at 0. 答案:A 72. in order to / so that 0. 解析:“in order to” 意为 “为了”,后接动词原形,作目的状语;“so that” 意为 “为了、以便”,后接从句,从句中常含情态动词。 0. 例句:He studies hard in order to pass the exam.(他努力学习是为了通过考试。);He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(他努力学习以便能通过考试。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级下册 Module 5)She gets up early _ catch the early bus. 0. A. in order to B. so that C. because D. though 0. 答案:A 73. instead / instead of 0. 解析:“instead” 是副词,意为 “代替、反而”,常位于句末;“instead of” 是介词短语,意为 “代替、而不是”,后接名词、代词或动名词。 0. 例句:He didn't go to school. He stayed at home instead.(他没去上学,而是待在了家里。);He stayed at home instead of going to school.(他待在家里,而不是去上学。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)I will go there by bike _ by bus. 0. A. instead B. instead of C. instead for D. instead with 0. 答案:B 74. join in / take part in 0. 解析:两者都有 “参加” 的意思,“join in” 指参加小规模的活动,如游戏、讨论等;“take part in” 指参加大规模的活动,如会议、运动会等。 0. 例句:Would you like to join in our game?(你愿意参加我们的游戏吗?);He took part in the sports meeting.(他参加了运动会。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)All the students will _ the English contest. 0. A. join in B. take part in C. join D. attend 0. 答案:B 75. keep / stay 0. 解析:“keep” 和 “stay” 都有 “保持” 的意思,后接形容词。“keep” 强调使某种状态持续;“stay” 强调自身保持某种状态。 0. 例句:Keep quiet, please.(请保持安静。);Stay healthy.(保持健康。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 9)We should _ calm in danger. 0. A. keep B. stay C. make D. get 0. 答案:B 76. kill / murder 0. 解析:“kill” 意为 “杀死、弄死”,泛指使生物失去生命,可用于各种情况,不一定是故意的;“murder” 意为 “谋杀、凶杀”,指故意非法地杀害他人。 0. 例句:The dog killed a cat.(那只狗咬死了一只猫。);He was murdered last night.(他昨晚被谋杀了。) 0. 例题:(外研版九年级上册 Module 4)The man was _ by his enemy. 0. A. killed B. murdered C. died D. passed 0. 答案:B 77. know / learn / realize 0. 解析:“know” 意为 “知道、了解”,强调对事物的认识和熟悉;“learn” 意为 “得知、学会”,强调通过学习或经历获得知识或信息;“realize” 意为 “意识到、认识到”,强调对某事的理解或醒悟。 0. 例句:I know his name.(我知道他的名字。);I learned the news from him.(我从他那里得知了这个消息。);He realized his mistake.(他意识到了自己的错误。) 0. 例题:(2025 年重庆中考真题)She didn't _ her mistake until her teacher told her. 0. A. know B. learn C. realize D. understand 0. 答案:C 78. laugh / smile 0. 解析:“laugh” 意为 “笑、大笑”,强调发出声音的笑,常与 at 连用,意为 “嘲笑”;“smile” 意为 “微笑”,强调不发出声音的笑。 0. 例句:They laughed loudly.(他们大声地笑。);She smiled at me.(她对我微笑。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级下册 Unit 11)It's not polite to _ at others. 0. A. laugh B. smile C. cry D. shout 0. 答案:A 79. leave / forget 0. 解析:“leave” 意为 “留下、遗忘”,强调把某物留在某地,后接地点状语;“forget” 意为 “忘记”,强调不记得某事或某物,不接地点状语。 0. 例句:He left his book in the classroom.(他把书落在了教室里。);I forgot his name.(我忘记了他的名字。) 0. 例题:(2024 年武汉中考真题)Don't _ your umbrella. It's going to rain. 0. A. leave B. forget C. take D. bring 0. 答案:A 80. like / love / enjoy 0. 解析:“like” 意为 “喜欢”,语气较轻;“love” 意为 “热爱”,语气较强;“enjoy” 意为 “享受…… 的乐趣”,后接动名词。 0. 例句:I like swimming.(我喜欢游泳。);She loves her family.(她热爱她的家庭。);They enjoy playing football.(他们喜欢踢足球。) 0. 例题:(外研版七年级上册 Module 6)My brother _ listening to music. 0. A. likes B. loves C. enjoys D. wants 0. 答案:C 81. look after / take care of 0. 解析:两者都意为 “照顾、照料”,常可互换。“look after” 更口语化;“take care of” 强调负责使某人或某物保持良好状态。 0. 例句:She looks after her grandmother.(她照顾她的祖母。);He takes care of the garden.(他照料这个花园。) 0. 例题:(人教版八年级上册 Unit 8)Could you _ my pet dog while I'm away? 0. A. look after B. look at C. look for D. look up 0. 答案:A 82. lose / miss 0. 解析:“lose” 意为 “丢失、失去”,强调不再拥有某物或某人;“miss” 意为 “错过、想念”,强调未能赶上或未能见到,或对某人、某物的思念。 0. 例句:I lost my key.(我丢失了我的钥匙。);She missed the bus.(她错过了公交车。);I miss my parents.(我想念我的父母。) 0. 例题:(2025 年广州中考真题)If you hurry, you won't _ the train. 0. A. lose B. miss C. forget D. leave 0. 答案:B 83. make / do 0. 解析:“make” 意为 “制作、制造、使……”,强调创造或使某事发生;“do” 意为 “做、干”,强调进行某项活动或完成某项任务。 0. 例句:She made a cake.(她做了一个蛋糕。);He does his homework every day.(他每天做家庭作业。) 0. 例题:(2024 年成都中考真题)My mother often _ delicious food for us. 0. A. makes B. does C. cooks D. has 0. 答案:A 84. maybe / perhaps / possibly 0. 解析:三者都有 “也许、可能” 的意思。“maybe” 和 “perhaps” 是副词,“maybe” 更口语化;“possibly” 也是副词,语气比前两者弱。 0. 例句:Maybe / Perhaps he will come.(也许他会来。);He will possibly come.(他可能会来。) 0. 例题:(外研版八年级下册 Module 7)_ we can go to the park tomorrow. 0. A. Maybe B. May be C. Possible D. Perhaps 0. 答案:A 85. neither / nor 0. 解析:“neither” 意为 “两者都不”,常与 nor 连用,构成 “neither...nor...” 结构,意为 “既不…… 也不……”,连接两个并列成分,谓语动词遵循就近原则。 0. 例句:Neither he nor I am a student.(他和我都不是学生。);Neither the teacher nor the students know the answer.(老师和学生都不知道答案。) 0. 例题:(2025 年上海中考真题)_ you nor he is right. 0. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. All 0. 答案:A 86. no / not 0. 解析:“no” 可作形容词,意为 “没有”,后接名词;也可作副词,用于回答一般疑问句,意为 “不”。“not” 是副词,用于否定动词、形容词、副词等,常与 be 动词、助动词、情态动词连用。 0. 例句:There is no water in the bottle.(瓶子里没有水。);—Is he a student?—No, he isn't.(— 他是学生吗?— 不,他不是。);She is not happy.(她不开心。) 0. 例题:(人教版七年级上册 Unit 4)There is _ milk in the fridge. We need to buy some. 0. A. no B. not C. any D. some 0. 答案:A 87. none / no one / nobody 0. 解析:“none” 意为 “没有一个”,既可指人也可指物,可与 of 连用;“no one” 和 “nobody” 都意为 “没有人”,只指人,不与 of 连用。 0. 例句:None of the books is mine.(这些书没有一本是我的。);No one / Nobody came to the party.(没有人来参加派对。) 0. 例题:(2024 年南京中考真题)—How many students are there in the classroom? 0. —_. They are all on the playground. 0. A. None B. No one C. Nobody D. Nothing 0. 答案:A 88. on time / in time 0. 解析:“on time” 意为 “准时”,指按规定的时间做某事;“in time” 意为 “及时”,指在某事发 生之前或在规定时间内做某事。 0. 例句:He arrived at the office on time.(他准时到达办公室。);She