内容正文:
译林版 必修1 UNIT 1 Back to school. 期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
potential /pəˈtenʃl/ n. 潜力;可能性;adj. 潜在的,可能的
He has great potential in painting—he learns quickly.(他在绘画方面有很大潜力,学得很快。)
potentially /pəˈtenʃəli/ adv. 潜在地,可能地
Overusing mobile phones is potentially bad for eyesight.(过度使用手机对视力有潜在危害。)
2
senior /ˈsiːniə(r)/ adj. 中学的(11/13岁以上);高级的;老年的;n. 级别较高者;较年长者
My sister is a senior student and will graduate next year.(我姐姐是高年级学生,明年毕业。)
seniority /ˌsiːniˈɒrəti/ n. 资历;年长;级别高
In this company, promotion depends on both ability and seniority.(这家公司的晋升既看能力也看资历。)
3
challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. & vt. 挑战;质疑
It’s a big challenge to finish the project in three days.(三天内完成这个项目是个大挑战。)
1. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 具有挑战性的2. challenger /ˈtʃælɪndʒə(r)/ n. 挑战者
1. This math problem is challenging for most students.(这道数学题对大多数学生来说有挑战性。)2. He is the main challenger for the championship this year.(他是今年冠军的主要挑战者。)
4
thinking /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ n. 思维,思想;想法
Critical thinking is important for solving problems.(批判性思维对解决问题很重要。)
1. think /θɪŋk/ v. 思考;认为2. thought /θɔːt/ n. 想法;思想;思考
1. I think we should start the work early tomorrow.(我认为我们明天应该早点开始工作。)2. She shared her thoughts on environmental protection with us.(她和我们分享了她对环境保护的看法。)
5
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj. 积极乐观的;良好的,正面的
She always has a positive attitude towards life.(她对生活总是有积极乐观的态度。)
1. positively /ˈpɒzətɪvli/ adv. 积极地;肯定地2. positivity /ˌpɒzəˈtɪvəti/ n. 积极性;正面性
1. He responded positively to our proposal.(他对我们的提议作出了积极回应。)2. The teacher praised the student for her positivity in class.(老师表扬了这个学生在课堂上的积极性。)
6
opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会,时机
We should seize every opportunity to learn new things.(我们应该抓住每个学习新事物的机会。)
opportunistic /ˌɒpətjuːˈnɪstɪk/ adj. 机会主义的
Some people take opportunistic actions to make quick money.(有些人采取机会主义行为来快速赚钱。)
7
acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得,得到
She acquired good English skills by practicing every day.(她通过每天练习获得了良好的英语能力。)
acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ n. 获得;获得物
The acquisition of knowledge needs patience and effort.(知识的获得需要耐心和努力。)
8
effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力,费力的事;试图
He made great efforts to pass the English exam.(他为通过英语考试付出了巨大努力。)
1. effortless /ˈefətləs/ adj. 不费力的;轻松的2. effortfully /ˈefətfəli/ adv. 费力地
1. She speaks English with effortless fluency.(她英语说得轻松流利。)2. He climbed the mountain effortfully in the heavy rain.(他在大雨中费力地爬上了山。)
9
advance /ədˈvɑːns/ n. 进步,进展;前进;vt. & vi. 发展,进步
Science and technology have made great advances in recent years.(近年来科技取得了巨大进步。)
1. advanced /ədˈvɑːnst/ adj. 先进的;高级的;晚期的2. advancement /ədˈvɑːnsmənt/ n. 进步;晋升
1. This school uses advanced teaching equipment.(这所学校使用先进的教学设备。)2. His hard work led to the advancement of his career.(他的努力工作促成了职业晋升。)
10
amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的
The view from the top of the mountain is amazing.(山顶的景色令人惊叹。)
1. amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v. 使惊奇;使惊愕2. amazement /əˈmeɪzmənt/ n. 惊奇;惊愕
1. Her ability to speak five languages amazed everyone.(她会说五种语言的能力让所有人都很惊讶。)2. To our amazement, he finished the task in just one hour.(令我们惊讶的是,他仅用一小时就完成了任务。)
11
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心,信任;把握
She has confidence in her ability to solve the problem.(她对自己解决问题的能力有信心。)
1. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的;有信心的2. confidently /ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/ adv. 自信地;有信心地
1. He is confident that he will win the competition.(他有信心赢得比赛。)2. She walked confidently onto the stage to give a speech.(她自信地走上舞台发表演讲。)
12
resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源;资料;谋略
We should protect natural resources like water and oil.(我们应该保护水、石油等自然资源。)
resourceful /rɪˈsɔːsfl/ adj. 足智多谋的;资源丰富的
He is very resourceful and always finds ways to solve problems.(他很足智多谋,总能找到解决问题的方法。)
13
equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 相等的;平等的;相当的;n. 同等的人(物);linking v. 与…相等;vt. 比得上
Everyone is equal before the law.(法律面前人人平等。)
1. equally /ˈiːkwəli/ adv. 平等地;同样地2. equality /iˈkwɒləti/ n. 平等;相等
1. We should treat all students equally.(我们应该平等对待所有学生。)2. The government is working to promote gender equality.(政府正努力促进性别平等。)
14
balance /ˈbæləns/ vt. 同等重视;(使)保持平衡;权衡;n. 均衡,平衡;平衡能力
We need to balance work and rest to stay healthy.(我们需要平衡工作和休息以保持健康。)
balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj. 平衡的;均衡的
A balanced diet includes vegetables, fruits and protein.(均衡饮食包含蔬菜、水果和蛋白质。)
15
improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ vt. & vi. 改进,改善
She reads English every morning to improve her pronunciation.(她每天早上读英语来改善发音。)
1. improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 改进;改善;提高2. improved /ɪmˈpruːvd/ adj. 改进的;改善的
1. There has been a great improvement in his math grades.(他的数学成绩有了很大提高。)2. The company launched an improved version of the product.(公司推出了这款产品的改进版。)
16
individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ n. 个人;adj. 单独的,个别的
Each individual has different interests and hobbies.(每个人都有不同的兴趣爱好。)
1. individually /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəli/ adv. 个别地;单独地2. individuality /ˌɪndɪˌvɪdʒuˈæləti/ n. 个性;个人特征
1. The teacher talked to each student individually.(老师和每个学生单独谈话。)2. We should respect the individuality of every child.(我们应该尊重每个孩子的个性。)
17
character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n. 品质,性格;特点;人物,角色;文字
Honesty is an important character trait.(诚实是重要的性格品质。)
1. characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ adj. 典型的;特有的;n. 特征;特点2. characterize /ˈkærəktəraɪz/ v. 描述…的特征;具有…的特征
1. Kindness is a characteristic of her personality.(善良是她性格的一个特征。)2. This region is characterized by its beautiful mountains.(这个地区以美丽的山脉为特征。)
18
responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任,负责;可靠的
She is responsible for organizing the school party.(她负责组织学校派对。)
1. responsibly /rɪˈspɒnsəbli/ adv. 负责地;可靠地2. responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任;职责
1. We should use public facilities responsibly.(我们应该负责任地使用公共设施。)2. Taking care of parents is our important responsibility.(照顾父母是我们的重要职责。)
19
junior /ˈdʒuːniə(r)/ adj. (学校)11/13岁以下的;地位低的;青少年的;n. 职位较低者;青少年运动员
My little brother is a junior student in primary school.(我弟弟是小学低年级学生。)
juniority /ˌdʒuːniˈɒrəti/ n. 年少;职位低
Juniority doesn’t mean lack of ability—he is very capable.(年少不代表能力不足,他很有能力。)
20
forward /ˈfɔːwəd/ adv. 向将来;向前;进展(look forward to 盼望)
We are looking forward to the summer holiday.(我们期待着暑假的到来。)
forward-looking /ˈfɔːwəd ˈlʊkɪŋ/ adj. 有远见的;前瞻性的
This company has a forward-looking plan for future development.(这家公司对未来发展有前瞻性的规划。)
21
independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj. 自主的,有主见的;自立的
She is very independent and can take care of herself.(她很自立,能照顾好自己。)
1. independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地;自主地2. independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ n. 独立;自主
1. The student finished the project independently without help.(这个学生没靠帮助,独立完成了项目。)2. Many countries fought for independence in history.(历史上很多国家为独立而斗争。)
22
focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ n. 焦点,重点;vt. & vi. 集中
We should focus on our studies during class.(上课期间我们应该专注于学习。)
focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 专注的;聚焦的
He is focused on solving the math problem and doesn’t hear us.(他专注于解数学题,没听见我们说话。)
23
detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 细节;具体情况
Please pay attention to the small details in the article.(请关注文章中的小细节。)
1. detailed /dɪˈteɪld/ adj. 详细的;细致的2. detailly /ˈdiːteɪli/ adv. 详细地
1. She gave a detailed explanation of the plan.(她对计划作了详细的解释。)2. He described his trip to Beijing detailly to us.(他向我们详细描述了他的北京之行。)
24
base /beɪs/ vt. 以…为基础(依据);n. 根据;基础;基底;总部
This theory is based on scientific research.(这个理论以科学研究为基础。)
1. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的;基础的;n. 基础;要素2. basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n. 基础;根据
1. We need to learn basic grammar before speaking English.(说英语前我们需要学习基础语法。)2. Trust is the basis of a good friendship.(信任是良好友谊的基础。)
25
remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ vt. 提醒,使想起
This photo reminds me of my happy childhood.(这张照片让我想起快乐的童年。)
reminder /rɪˈmaɪndə(r)/ n. 提醒物;提示
The note on the desk is a reminder to buy milk.(书桌上的便条是买牛奶的提示。)
26
proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ n. 提议,建议,动议
He put forward a proposal to improve the company’s service.(他提出了改善公司服务的建议。)
1. propose /prəˈpəʊz/ v. 提议;建议;求婚2. proposed /prəˈpəʊzd/ adj. 提议的;建议的
1. I propose that we have a meeting to discuss this issue.(我提议我们开个会讨论这个问题。)2. The proposed plan needs to be approved by the manager.(提议的计划需要经理批准。)
27
aim /eɪm/ n. 目的,目标;vi. & vt. 力争做到;目的是;针对
Our main aim is to finish the work on time.(我们的主要目标是按时完成工作。)
1. aimless /ˈeɪmləs/ adj. 无目的的;漫无目的的2. aimed /eɪmd/ adj. 有目标的;定向的
1. He walked aimlessly in the street after losing his job.(失业后他在街上漫无目的地走。)2. This campaign is aimed at raising people’s environmental awareness.(这场活动旨在提高人们的环保意识。)
28
style /staɪl/ n. 风格;方式;样式
Her writing style is simple and clear.(她的写作风格简洁明了。)
stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ adj. 时髦的;流行的;有风格的
She wore a stylish dress to the party last night.(昨晚她穿了一条时髦的裙子去参加派对。)
29
technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技巧,技艺;技能
He learned some useful painting techniques from his teacher.(他从老师那里学到了一些实用的绘画技巧。)
1. technical /ˈteknɪkl/ adj. 技术的;专业的2. technician /tekˈnɪʃn/ n. 技术员;技师
1. This job requires good technical skills.(这份工作需要良好的技术能力。)2. A technician came to repair the broken computer.(一位技术员来修理坏了的电脑。)
30
professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 职业的,专业的;娴熟的;n. 专业人士
She is a professional dancer with 10 years of experience.(她是有10年经验的专业舞者。)
1. profession /prəˈfeʃn/ n. 职业;专业2. professionally /prəˈfeʃənəli/ adv. 职业地;专业地
1. Teaching is a noble profession.(教师是一份高尚的职业。)2. She handled the difficult situation professionally.(她专业地处理了这个困难局面。)
31
material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n. 材料;素材;adj. 物质的,实际的
We need to buy some building materials to repair the house.(我们需要买些建筑材料来修房子。)
materialistic /məˌtɪəriəˈlɪstɪk/ adj. 唯物主义的;物质至上的
Some people are too materialistic and only care about money.(有些人太物质至上,只关心钱。)
32
secondary /ˈsekəndri/ adj. 中学的;次要的
English is a secondary subject in some primary schools.(在一些小学,英语是次要科目。)
1. second /ˈsekənd/ adj. 第二的;次要的;n. 秒;第二名;v. 支持2. secondly /ˈsekəndli/ adv. 其次;第二
1. He got the second place in the running race.(他在跑步比赛中获得第二名。)2. Firstly, we need to prepare tools; secondly, we should read the instructions.(首先,我们需要准备工具;其次,我们应该读说明书。)
33
exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ n. & vt. 交换;交流;兑换
We often exchange ideas with our classmates in group discussions.(小组讨论时,我们经常和同学交流想法。)
exchangeable /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/ adj. 可交换的;可兑换的
These tokens are exchangeable for gifts in the store.(这些代币可在店里兑换礼品。)
34
host /həʊst/ n. 主人;东道主;主持人;vt. 主办;主持
China hosted the 2008 Olympic Games successfully.(中国成功主办了2008年奥运会。)
hostess /ˈhəʊstəs/ n. 女主人;女主持人
The hostess of the party welcomed every guest warmly.(派对的女主人热情欢迎每位客人。)
35
biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生物学
She is interested in biology and wants to study it in university.(她对生物学感兴趣,想在大学学习它。)
1. biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 生物的;生物学的2. biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生物学家
1. This is a biological experiment about plant growth.(这是一个关于植物生长的生物实验。)2. Her father works as a biologist in a research center.(她爸爸在研究中心当生物学家。)
36
tough /tʌf/ adj. 艰难的;严厉的;坚强的;坚固的
It was tough for him to find a job during the economic crisis.(经济危机期间,他找工作很艰难。)
1. toughly /ˈtʌfli/ adv. 艰难地;严厉地2. toughness /ˈtʌfnəs/ n. 韧性;坚强;艰难
1. He fought toughly against his illness and finally recovered.(他顽强地与疾病抗争,最终康复了。)2. The toughness of the material makes it suitable for outdoor use.(这种材料的韧性使其适合户外使用。)
37
alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. 闹钟;恐慌;警报;vt. 使惊恐,使害怕
The fire alarm rang and everyone left the building quickly.(火警响了,所有人都迅速离开了大楼。)
1. alarmed /əˈlɑːmd/ adj. 惊恐的;担忧的2. alarming /əˈlɑːmɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊恐的;令人担忧的
1. Parents were alarmed when they heard their child was missing.(听到孩子失踪,父母很恐慌。)2. The alarming news of the flood made everyone worried.(洪水的惊人消息让所有人都很担忧。)
38
contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 贡献;捐款;捐赠
His contribution to science is widely recognized.(他对科学的贡献得到广泛认可。)
1. contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ v. 贡献;捐献;促成2. contributor /kənˈtrɪbjuːtə(r)/ n. 贡献者;捐赠者
1. Everyone should contribute to protecting the environment.(每个人都应该为保护环境做贡献。)2. He is a major contributor to the charity fund.(他是这个慈善基金的主要捐赠者。)
39
fortunately /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/ adv. 幸运地,幸亏
Fortunately, he caught the last bus and didn’t have to walk home.(幸运的是,他赶上了末班车,不用走路回家。)
1. fortunate /ˈfɔːtʃənət/ adj. 幸运的;侥幸的2. fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 运气;财富;命运
1. She is fortunate to have such a supportive family.(她很幸运,有这样支持她的家人。)2. He made a big fortune by investing in real estate.(他通过投资房地产赚了一大笔钱。)
40
option /ˈɒpʃn/ n. 可选择的事物,选择;选修课
We have two options: go to the park or stay at home.(我们有两个选择:去公园或待在家里。)
optional /ˈɒpʃənl/ adj. 可选择的
Music and art are optional courses in our school.(音乐和美术是我们学校的选修课。)
41
calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n. 书法,书法艺术
She has been learning Chinese calligraphy since she was a child.(她从小就开始学习中国书法。)
1. calligraphic /ˌkælɪˈɡræfɪk/ adj. 书法的;书法艺术的2. calligrapher /kəˈlɪɡrəfə(r)/ n. 书法家
1. The museum has a collection of calligraphic works.(这家博物馆收藏了一批书法作品。)2. His grandfather is a famous calligrapher in this city.(他爷爷是这座城市著名的书法家。)
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